CN112293013A - Four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality - Google Patents
Four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN112293013A CN112293013A CN202011259127.7A CN202011259127A CN112293013A CN 112293013 A CN112293013 A CN 112293013A CN 202011259127 A CN202011259127 A CN 202011259127A CN 112293013 A CN112293013 A CN 112293013A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/006—Hoppers
- A01C15/007—Hoppers with agitators in the hopper
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/06—Fertiliser distributors with distributing slots, e.g. adjustable openings for dosing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/12—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle
- A01C15/122—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle with moving floor parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality, which comprises the following steps: selecting wild guava of Myrtaceae as stock, selecting tender fructus Pyri branch with leaves removed as scion, combining the scion and the stock, culturing in nutrient solution, and waiting for the leaves to grow out; soil is improved, various fertilizers are uniformly scattered on the soil by a sowing device, the soil is ploughed by a rotary cultivator for three times, and finally the soil is cultivated for 15 days; digging a pit on the re-cultivated land, transplanting the half-year-grown grafted seedlings in the re-cultivated nutrient solution bag into the pit, backfilling the soil, fully irrigating, and irrigating in a drip irrigation mode; after 15 days of seedling revival, performing seedling promoting treatment on the grafted seedlings by using water and a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer; topping two opposite leaves, leading the four-season pear tree to bloom in one month and fruit in two months, and weeding soil and deinsectizing the four-season pear tree in the process of maturing the four-season pear tree; the invention can improve the quality and the yield of the four-season pears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of four-season pear cultivation, in particular to a four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality.
Background
The orchard is also called a fruit tree garden and refers to a garden for planting fruit trees; before the four-season pears are planted, soil needs to be improved, so that the four-season pears can grow conveniently; because northern soil is generally alkaline, and the four-season pears are favored to be acidic, the soil is improved; the improvement method is that the organic fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the diammonium phosphate 200, the ferrous sulfate, the magnesium sulfate, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and other fertilizers are used for cultivating the land per mu; and turning the soil by a rotary cultivator for three times with the depth of more than 30 cm, fully and uniformly fertilizing the soil, and cultivating the soil for about 15 days.
However, the following problems are involved in spreading fertilizers: (1) the prior fertilizer is generally manually sown, the long-time fertilizer sowing can cause fatigue of workers, time and labor are wasted, the working efficiency is low, and the fertilizer is not uniformly sown; (2) the current device of scattering can not be earlier with various fertilizer stirring again the scattering to the fertilizer that can not be even is scattered, leads to some soil fertility too much, and some soil fertility is too little, thereby is convenient for the growth of four seasons pear, reduces the productivity of four seasons pear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a myrtaceae strip section as a stock, selecting a four-season pear branch with young and tender leaves removed as a scion, obliquely shearing the scion by using a shear, cutting a port capable of accommodating the scion at the bottom of the scion on one side surface of the stock, then inserting the scion in the port, combining the scion and the stock by using a grafting plastic strip, culturing in a nutrient solution, and waiting for the leaves to grow out;
step two: improving soil, namely spreading various fertilizers on the soil uniformly by a spreading device by using 1800 jin of organic fertilizer, 220 jin of compound fertilizer, 220 jin of diammonium phosphate, 80 jin of ferrous sulfate, 120 jin of magnesium sulfate and 80 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each mu of land, turning the land by using a rotary cultivator for three times, wherein the depth of each time is more than 30 cm, and finally cultivating the land for 14-18 days;
step three: digging pits with the plant spacing of 1.2 meters, the row spacing of 1.5 meters, the diameter of 60 centimeters and the depth of 40 centimeters on the cultivated land, transplanting the half-year-grown grafted seedlings in a nutrient solution bag into the pits, backfilling the soil, irrigating for 2-6 days, and irrigating in a drip irrigation mode after 10 days;
step four: after 15 days of seedling recovery, seedling accelerating treatment is carried out on the grafted seedlings by using water and high nitrogen compound fertilizer, and fruits can be remained after flowering;
step five: topping the two opposite leaves to ensure that the grafted seedling continuously branches to grow buds, and the four-season pear tree blooms in one month and has two months;
step six: and weeding the soil in the process of the four-season pear ripening, carrying out deinsectization treatment on the four-season pear trees, and picking up the four-season pears after the four-season pears are ripe.
Preferably, the spreading device comprises a stirring box and a stirring barrel, the stirring box is a horizontally placed rectangular box, the stirring barrel is funnel-shaped, a feed inlet is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring box and is communicated with the stirring box, the stirring barrel is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the feed inlet, the bottom of the stirring barrel is communicated with the feed inlet, a stirring assembly is arranged in the stirring barrel, a valve assembly is arranged at the position of the feed inlet on the top surface in the stirring box, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the stirring box, a guide assembly is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the partition plate, discharge outlets are symmetrically formed in two ends of the middle of the top surface of the partition plate, each discharge outlet penetrates through the partition plate, a material conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate, a motor box is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the stirring box, a second motor is fixedly arranged in, and the connecting axle rotates to be connected on the bottom surface of motor case, the one end rigid coupling of connecting axle is on the output shaft of second motor, the other end rigid coupling of connecting axle has the dish of scattering, a side bottom edge symmetry rigid coupling of agitator tank has the connecting plate, every it is connected with the traction lever to rotate through short cylinder between the connecting plate.
Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a first circular connecting plate, a first stirring blade, a third motor, a second circular connecting plate, a first U-shaped plate, a second electric telescopic rod, a second stirring blade, a second U-shaped plate and an annular slide block, the top surface of the stirring barrel is rotatably connected with the second circular connecting plate through the annular slide block, the middle part of the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second electric telescopic rod, the end part of the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the first circular connecting plate, the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate is axially fixedly connected with a plurality of first U-shaped plates, each first U-shaped plate is rotatably connected with a first stirring blade, the end part of the other end of each first stirring blade is rotatably connected with a second stirring blade, the end part of the other end of each second stirring blade is rotatably connected in the second U-shaped plate, one side surface of each second U-shaped plate is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the first circular connecting plate, the top surface of the second circular connecting plate is fixedly connected to an output shaft of a third motor, and the third motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring barrel.
Preferably, a cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring barrel and penetrates through the stirring barrel, an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical hole, an annular sliding block is connected in the annular groove in a sliding mode, and the inner wall of the annular sliding block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second circular connecting plate.
Preferably, the valve assembly comprises a guide rod, a fourth motor, a U-shaped sliding plate, a gear, a rotating shaft, a supporting plate, a strip-shaped toothed plate and a cover plate, the top surface of the stirring box at the first side of the feeding hole is fixedly connected with a guide rod, the side surface of the guide rod is connected with a U-shaped sliding plate in a sliding way through a T-shaped sliding block, the edge of the bottom of one side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate is fixedly connected with a cover plate, the cover plate is matched with the feed inlet, the middle part of the other side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, a strip-shaped toothed plate is fixedly connected to the middle of one side surface of the supporting plate, a rotating shaft penetrates through one side surface of the stirring box, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the side surface of the stirring box, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a gear, the gear is meshed with the strip-shaped toothed plate, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the fourth motor, the fourth motor is fixedly installed on the installation plate, and one side face of the installation plate is fixedly connected to the side face of the stirring box.
Preferably, T-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in two side faces of the guide rod, each T-shaped groove is internally connected with a T-shaped sliding block in a sliding mode, and each side face of each T-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected to the side face of the U-shaped sliding plate.
Preferably, the material conveying component comprises a first flood dragon, a first motor, a second flood dragon, a first bearing, a first bevel gear, a second bearing, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear, a side surface of the stirring box is rotatably connected with the second flood dragon through the second bearing, the outer wall of one end of the second flood dragon is fixedly connected with the third bevel gear, the bottom of one side surface of the stirring box is fixedly connected with a motor placing frame, the motor placing frame is internally and fixedly provided with the first motor, an output shaft of the first motor penetrates through one side surface of the stirring box, an output shaft of the first motor is rotatably connected with the side surface of the stirring box, the end part of the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the first flood dragon, the end part of the first flood dragon and the end part of the second flood dragon are rotatably connected, the outer wall of the other end of the first flood dragon is fixedly connected with the first bevel gear, the middle part of the bottom surface of the clapboard is rotatably connected with, and a second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other end of the short shaft and is meshed with the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear respectively.
Preferably, the material guiding mechanism comprises a first electric telescopic rod, a stand column and a material guiding plate, the stand column is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the partition plate in the longitudinal direction, the material guiding plate is rotatably connected to two side surfaces of the stand column, the bottom of one side surface of each material guiding plate is rotatably connected to the movable end of the first electric telescopic rod, and the bottom of each first electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the side surface of the stand column.
Preferably, the top surface symmetry rigid coupling of agitator has the inlet pipe, and every the inlet pipe all communicates with the agitator, the bottom surface middle part both ends symmetry rigid coupling of agitator tank has the discharging pipe, and every the discharging pipe all communicates with the agitator tank, every the bottom of discharging pipe all is located the upper portion of scattering the dish.
Preferably, four supporting legs are longitudinally fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom surface of the stirring box, and universal wheels are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the supporting legs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the mutual matching use of the stirring box, the connecting plate, the traction rod, the motor box, the second motor, the connecting shaft, the sowing plate and the discharge pipe, the manual fertilizer sowing is avoided, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the uniform fertilizer sowing is facilitated, and the growth of fruit trees is facilitated; the movement of the sowing device is facilitated by the use of the supporting legs and the universal wheels;
2. through the use of mutually supporting of agitator, stirring subassembly, agitator tank, guide mechanism, baffle, biography material subassembly, valve member, be convenient for with various fertilizer homogeneous mixing to be convenient for even scattering on soil, be favorable to the growth of fruit tree, thereby be convenient for improve the productivity of four seasons pear.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cultivation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view in flat section of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stirring assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the valve assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second circular connecting plate according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a method of using the seeding apparatus of the present invention.
Number in the figure: the stirring tank comprises a stirring tank 1, a stirring barrel 2, a first flood dragon 3, a first motor 4, a first electric telescopic rod 5, an upright post 6, a material guide plate 7, a partition plate 8, a second flood dragon 9, a first bearing 10, a connecting plate 11, a traction rod 12, a motor box 13, a second motor 14, a connecting shaft 15, a sowing plate 16, a guide rod 17, a first circular connecting plate 18, a first stirring blade 19, a third motor 20, a second circular connecting plate 21, a first bevel gear 22, a second bearing 23, a second bevel gear 24, a third bevel gear 25, a fourth motor 26, a first U-shaped plate 27, a second electric telescopic rod 28, a second stirring blade 29, a second U-shaped plate 30, a U-shaped sliding plate 31, a gear 32, a rotating shaft 33, a supporting plate 34, a strip-shaped toothed plate 35, a cover plate 36 and an annular sliding block 37.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-8, a four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a myrtaceae strip section as a stock, selecting a four-season pear branch with young leaves removed as a scion, obliquely shearing the scion by using a shear, cutting a port capable of accommodating the scion at the bottom of the scion on one side surface of the stock, then inserting the scion into the port, combining the scion and the stock by using a straw rope, culturing in a nutrient solution, and waiting for the leaves to grow out;
step two: improving soil, namely spreading various fertilizers on the soil uniformly by a spreading device by using 1800 jin of organic fertilizer, 220 jin of compound fertilizer, 220 jin of diammonium phosphate, 80 jin of ferrous sulfate, 120 jin of magnesium sulfate and 80 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each mu of land, turning the land by using a rotary cultivator for three times, wherein the depth of each time is more than 30 cm, and finally cultivating the land for 14-18 days;
step three: digging pits with the plant spacing of 1.2 meters, the row spacing of 1.5 meters, the diameter of 60 centimeters and the depth of 40 centimeters on the cultivated land, transplanting the half-year-grown grafted seedlings in a nutrient solution bag into the pits, backfilling the soil, irrigating for 2-6 days, and irrigating in a drip irrigation mode after 10 days;
step four: after 15 days of seedling recovery, seedling accelerating treatment is carried out on the grafted seedlings by using water and high nitrogen compound fertilizer, and fruits can be remained after flowering;
step five: topping the two opposite leaves to ensure that the grafted seedling continuously branches to grow buds, and the four-season pear tree blooms in one month and has two months;
step six: and weeding the soil in the process of the four-season pear ripening, carrying out deinsectization treatment on the four-season pear trees, and picking up the four-season pears after the four-season pears are ripe.
In the invention, the spreading device comprises a stirring box 1 and a stirring barrel 2, wherein the stirring box 1 is a horizontally placed rectangular box, the stirring barrel 2 is funnel-shaped, a feed inlet is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring box 1, the feed inlet is communicated with the stirring box 1, and fertilizer in the stirring barrel 2 can conveniently enter the stirring box 1, so that the fertilizer can be conveniently spread; a stirring barrel 2 is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the feeding hole, the bottom of the stirring barrel 2 is communicated with the feeding hole, and a stirring assembly is arranged in the stirring barrel 2, so that various fertilizers can be stirred conveniently, the various fertilizers can be uniformly mixed, and the growth of fruit trees can be facilitated; a valve component is arranged at a top surface feed inlet in the stirring box 1, so that fertilizer in the stirring barrel 2 in the hole can flow conveniently, and the fertilizer can be conveniently spread; a partition plate 7 is fixedly connected to the middle part in the stirring box 1, and a material guide assembly is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the partition plate 7, so that fertilizer is guided to a discharge hole conveniently, and meanwhile, the fertilizer can be further mixed, and therefore, the fertilizer can be uniformly mixed; discharge ports are symmetrically formed in two ends of the middle of the top surface of the partition plate 7, each discharge port penetrates through the partition plate 7, a material conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate 7, fertilizers at two ends of the stirring box 1 can be conveniently guided to the discharge pipes, so that the fertilizers can be conveniently spread, and meanwhile, the fertilizers can be mixed again when being conveyed, so that various fertilizers are fully mixed, and the yield of the four-season pears can be improved; a motor box 13 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the stirring box 1, so that a second motor 14 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted; fixed mounting has second motor 14 in motor case 13, second motor 14's model JS, motor case 13's bottom surface middle part runs through there is connecting axle 15, just connecting axle 15 rotates to be connected on motor case 13's bottom surface, the one end rigid coupling of connecting axle 13 is on second motor 14's output shaft, connecting axle 14's other end rigid coupling has the dish 16 of scattering, a side bottom edge symmetry rigid coupling of agitator tank 1 has connecting plate 11, every rotate through the short cylinder between the connecting plate 11 and be connected with traction lever 12, and the device removal is scattered in the pulling of being convenient for.
In the invention, the stirring assembly comprises a first circular connecting plate 18, a first stirring blade 19, a third motor 20, a second circular connecting plate 21, a first U-shaped plate 27, a second electric telescopic rod 28, a second stirring blade 29, a second U-shaped plate 30 and an annular sliding block 37, the top surface of the stirring barrel 2 is rotatably connected with the second circular connecting plate 21 through the annular sliding block 37, the middle part of the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate 21 is fixedly connected with the second electric telescopic rod 28, the model LBP35 of the second electric telescopic rod 28, the end part of the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected with the first circular connecting plate 18, the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate 21 is axially fixedly connected with a plurality of first U-shaped plates 27, each first U-shaped plate 27 is rotatably connected with the first stirring blade 19, and the end part of the other end of each first stirring blade 19 is rotatably connected with the second stirring blade 29, every the other end tip of second stirring leaf 29 all rotates to be connected in second U template 30, every the equal rigid coupling in a side of second U template 30 is on the outer wall of first circular connecting plate 18, the top surface rigid coupling of second circular connecting plate 21 is on the output shaft of third motor 20, the model 3-90-400010000 of third motor 20, just third motor 20 fixed mounting drives the rotation of first stirring leaf 19 and second stirring leaf 29 through third motor 20 in the middle part of the top surface of agitator 2 to stir various fertilizers, thereby be convenient for the homogeneous mixing of fertilizer, be favorable to the more even of scattering.
In the invention, a cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring barrel 2, the cylindrical hole penetrates through the stirring barrel 2, an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical hole, an annular sliding block 37 is connected in the annular groove in a sliding mode, and the inner wall of the annular sliding block 37 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second circular connecting plate 21, so that the stirring component can rotate and be limited conveniently.
In the invention, the valve assembly comprises a guide rod 17, a fourth motor 26, a U-shaped sliding plate 31, a gear 32, a rotating shaft 33, a support plate 34, a strip-shaped toothed plate 35 and a cover plate 36, the guide rod 17 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the stirring box 1 measured at the first feeding port, the side surface of the guide rod 17 is slidably connected with the U-shaped sliding plate 31 through a T-shaped sliding block, the cover plate 36 is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of one side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate 31, the cover plate 36 is matched with the feeding port, the support plate 34 is fixedly connected to the middle of the other side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate 31, the strip-shaped toothed plate 35 is fixedly connected to the middle of one side surface of the support plate 34, the rotating shaft 33 penetrates through one side surface of the stirring box 1, the rotating shaft 33 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the stirring box 1, the gear 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the, fourth motor 26 fixed mounting is on the mounting panel, and fourth motor 26's model is 1.5/2HP, a side rigid coupling of mounting panel is on the side of agitator tank 1.
In the invention, two side surfaces of the guide rod 17 are symmetrically provided with T-shaped grooves, a T-shaped sliding block is connected in each T-shaped groove in a sliding manner, and one side surface of each T-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected to the side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate 31, so that the U-shaped sliding plate 31 can slide and be limited conveniently, and the cover plate 36 can move conveniently.
In the invention, the material conveying component comprises a first flood dragon 3, a first motor 4, a second flood dragon 9, a first bearing 10, a first bevel gear 22, a second bearing 23, a second bevel gear 24 and a third bevel gear 25, one side surface of the stirring box 1 is rotatably connected with the second flood dragon 9 through the second bearing, the outer wall of one end of the second flood dragon 9 is fixedly connected with the third bevel gear 25, the bottom of one side surface of the stirring box 1 is fixedly connected with a motor placing frame, the first motor 4 and the model YBK2 of the first motor 4 are fixedly installed in the motor placing frame, the output shaft of the first motor 4 penetrates through one side surface of the stirring box 1, the output shaft of the first motor 4 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the stirring box 1, the end part of the output shaft of the first motor 4 is fixedly connected with the first flood dragon 3, the end part of the first flood dragon 3 is rotatably connected with the end part of the second flood dragon 9, the rigid coupling has first bevel gear 22 on the other end outer wall of first flood dragon 3, the bottom surface middle part of baffle 8 rotates through second bearing 23 and is connected with the minor axis, the rigid coupling has second bevel gear 24 on the minor axis other end tip outer wall, second bevel gear 24 respectively with first bevel gear 22, third bevel gear 25 intermeshing.
In the invention, the material guiding mechanism comprises a first electric telescopic rod 5, an upright post 6 and a material guiding plate 7, the upright post 6 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top surface of the partition plate 8 in the longitudinal direction, the material guiding plate 7 is rotatably connected to both side surfaces of the upright post 6, the bottom of one side surface of each material guiding plate 7 is rotatably connected to the movable end of the first electric telescopic rod 5, the type of the first electric telescopic rod 5 is LBP35, and the bottom of each first electric telescopic rod 5 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the upright post 6.
In the invention, the top surface of the stirring barrel 2 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with feeding pipes, each feeding pipe is communicated with the stirring barrel 2, the two ends of the middle part of the bottom surface of the stirring box 1 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with discharging pipes, each discharging pipe is communicated with the stirring box 1, the bottom of each discharging pipe is positioned at the upper part of the scattering disk 16, fertilizer can conveniently fall on the scattering disk 16, and thus fertilizer can be conveniently scattered.
In the invention, four support legs are longitudinally and fixedly connected at four corners of the bottom surface of the stirring box 1, so that the sowing device is conveniently supported; the bottom of each supporting leg is fixedly connected with a universal wheel, so that the sowing device can move conveniently.
Example 2: referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for using a sowing device, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, electrically connecting a first motor 4, a first electric telescopic rod 5, a second motor 14, a third motor 20, a fourth motor 26 and a second electric telescopic rod 28 with an external power supply through leads; various fertilizers were injected into the agitating barrel 2 through the feed pipe on the top surface of the agitating barrel 2.
Step two: starting the third motor 20, wherein an output shaft of the third motor 20 drives the second circular connecting plate 21 to rotate to drive the first U-shaped plate 27 and the second electric telescopic rod 28 to rotate, so as to drive the first stirring blade 19 and the first circular connecting plate 18 to rotate, meanwhile, the first circular connecting plate 18 drives the second U-shaped plate 30 to rotate, the second U-shaped plate 30 and the first stirring blade 19 rotate to drive the second stirring blade 29 to rotate, and fertilizers in the stirring barrel 2 are stirred through the rotation of the first stirring blade 19 and the second stirring blade 29, so that various fertilizers are uniformly mixed; opening second electric telescopic handle 28, the flexible removal that drives first circular connecting plate 18 of second electric telescopic handle 28 drives second stirring leaf 29 and removes to drive first stirring leaf 19 and remove, adjust the form of first stirring leaf 19 and second stirring leaf 29 through the shrink of control second electric telescopic handle 28, be convenient for stir each position in the agitator 2, thereby make various fertilizer homogeneous mixing in the agitator 2.
Step three: start fourth motor 26, the output shaft of fourth motor 26 drives the running gear 32 rotation of pivot 33, thereby drive bar pinion rack 35 reciprocating motion, and then drive backup pad 34 reciprocating motion, thereby drive U type slide 31 reciprocating motion, reciprocating motion through U type slide 31 drives the reciprocating motion of apron 36, thereby can control the position of fourth motor 26 control apron 36, thereby be convenient for control the flow of the fertilizer in the agitator 2, avoid not having stirred fertilizer outflow agitator 2 yet, thereby be favorable to the growth of fruit tree.
Step four: the first electric telescopic rod 5 is opened, the guide plate 7 is driven to rotate through the extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 5, so that the position of the guide plate 7 is adjusted through controlling the extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 5, the bottom of the guide plate 7 is positioned at the upper part of the material processing port, the flowing of fertilizers is facilitated, and meanwhile, when various fertilizers roll on the guide plate 7, the various fertilizers can be mixed with one another, so that the mixing of the various fertilizers is facilitated; various fertilizers pass through the bottom that the discharge gate got into agitator tank 1, the first motor 4 of start, the output shaft of first motor 4 drives first bevel gear 22 and rotates with the rotation of first flood dragon 3, rotation through first bevel gear 22 drives second bevel gear 24 and rotates, and then drive third bevel gear 25 and rotate, thereby drive the second flood dragon 9 and rotate, the fertilizer that rotates through first flood dragon 3 and second flood dragon 9 with agitator tank 1 bottom both ends conveys the discharging pipe department, thereby make the fertilizer that stirs fall on scattering dish 16 through the discharging pipe, various fertilizers are when being driven by first flood dragon 3 and second flood dragon 9 simultaneously, once mix, thereby make the more even of mixing between various fertilizers.
Step five: the second motor 14 is started, the output shaft of the second motor 14 drives the connecting shaft 15 to rotate so as to drive the sowing disc 16 to rotate, the second motor 14 drives the sowing disc 16 to rotate, centrifugal force generated by rotation of the sowing disc 16 is generated by the centrifugal force, fertilizers falling on the sowing disc 16 are evenly scattered, manual fertilizer sowing is avoided, meanwhile, the fertilizers can be evenly scattered, therefore, the growth of fruit trees is facilitated, and meanwhile, the yield of the four-season pears can be improved.
Step six: after the spreading device is used, the switches of the various electrical components are closed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a wild guava strip section of Myrtaceae as a stock, selecting a tender four-season pear branch with leaves removed as a scion, obliquely shearing the scion by using a shear, cutting a port capable of accommodating the scion at the bottom of the scion on one side surface of the stock, then inserting the scion in the port, combining the scion and the stock by using a grafting plastic tape, culturing in a nutrient solution, and waiting for the leaves to grow out;
step two: improving soil, namely spreading various fertilizers on the soil uniformly by a spreading device by using 1800 jin of organic fertilizer, 220 jin of compound fertilizer, 220 jin of diammonium phosphate, 80 jin of ferrous sulfate, 120 jin of magnesium sulfate and 80 jin of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in each mu of land, turning the land by using a rotary cultivator for three times, wherein the depth of each time is more than 30 cm, and finally cultivating the land for 14-18 days;
step three: digging pits with the plant spacing of 1.2 meters, the row spacing of 1.5 meters, the diameter of 60 centimeters and the depth of 40 centimeters on the cultivated land, transplanting the half-year-grown grafted seedlings in a nutrient solution bag into the pits, backfilling the soil, irrigating for 2-6 days, and irrigating in a drip irrigation mode after 10 days;
step four: after 15 days of seedling recovery, seedling accelerating treatment is carried out on the grafted seedlings by using water and high nitrogen compound fertilizer, and fruits can be remained after flowering;
step five: topping the two opposite leaves to ensure that the grafted seedling continuously branches to grow buds, and the four-season pear tree blooms in one month and has two months;
step six: and weeding the soil in the process of the four-season pear ripening, carrying out deinsectization treatment on the four-season pear trees, and picking up the four-season pears after the four-season pears are ripe.
2. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spreading device comprises a stirring box (1) and a stirring barrel (2), wherein the stirring box (1) is a rectangular box which is horizontally placed, the stirring barrel (2) is funnel-shaped, a feed inlet is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring box (1), the feed inlet is communicated with the stirring box (1), the stirring barrel (2) is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the feed inlet, the bottom of the stirring barrel (2) is communicated with the feed inlet, a stirring assembly is arranged in the stirring barrel (2), a valve assembly is arranged at the feed inlet of the top surface in the stirring box (1), a partition plate (7) is fixedly connected to the middle of the stirring box (1), a guide assembly is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the partition plate (7), discharge outlets are symmetrically formed in the two ends of the middle of the top surface of the partition plate (7), each discharge outlet penetrates through the partition plate (7), and a material conveying mechanism is arranged at the, the bottom surface middle part rigid coupling of agitator tank (1) has motor case (13), fixed mounting has second motor (14) in motor case (13), the bottom surface middle part of motor case (13) runs through there is connecting axle (15), just connecting axle (15) rotate to be connected on the bottom surface of motor case (13), the one end rigid coupling of connecting axle (13) is on the output shaft of second motor (14), the other end rigid coupling of connecting axle (14) has and spills dish (16), a side bottom edge symmetry rigid coupling of agitator tank (1) has connecting plate (11), every it is connected with traction lever (12) to rotate through short cylinder between connecting plate (11).
3. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stirring assembly comprises a first circular connecting plate (18), a first stirring blade (19), a third motor (20), a second circular connecting plate (21), a first U-shaped plate (27), a second electric telescopic rod (28), a second stirring blade (29), a second U-shaped plate (30) and an annular sliding block (37), the top surface of the stirring barrel (2) is rotatably connected with the second circular connecting plate (21) through the annular sliding block (37), the middle part of the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate (21) is fixedly connected with the second electric telescopic rod (28), the end part of the movable end of the second electric telescopic rod (28) is fixedly connected with the first circular connecting plate (18), the axial direction of the bottom surface of the second circular connecting plate (21) is fixedly connected with a plurality of first U-shaped plates (27), each first stirring blade (19) is rotatably connected in each first U-shaped plate (27), and the end part of each first stirring blade (19) is rotatably connected with the second stirring blade (29), every the other end tip of second stirring leaf (29) all rotates to be connected in second U template (30), every the equal rigid coupling in a side of second U template (30) is on the outer wall of first circular connecting plate (18), the top surface rigid coupling of second circular connecting plate (21) is on the output shaft of third motor (20), just third motor (20) fixed mounting is in the top surface middle part of agitator (2).
4. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that: the stirring barrel is characterized in that a cylindrical hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the stirring barrel (2), the cylindrical hole penetrates through the stirring barrel (2), an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the cylindrical hole, an annular sliding block (37) is connected in the annular groove in a sliding mode, and the inner wall of the annular sliding block (37) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second circular connecting plate (21).
5. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the valve component comprises a guide rod (17), a fourth motor (26), a U-shaped sliding plate (31), a gear (32), a rotating shaft (33), a support plate (34), a strip-shaped toothed plate (35) and a cover plate (36), wherein the guide rod (17) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first stirring box (1) for feeding the material inlet, the U-shaped sliding plate (31) is slidably connected to the side surface of the guide rod (17) through a T-shaped sliding block, the cover plate (36) is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of one side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate (31), the cover plate (36) is matched with the feeding inlet, the support plate (34) is fixedly connected to the middle of the other side surface of the U-shaped sliding plate (31), the strip-shaped toothed plate (35) is fixedly connected to the middle of one side surface of the support plate (34), the rotating shaft (33) penetrates through one side surface of, the one end rigid coupling of pivot (33) has gear (32), gear (32) and bar pinion rack (35) meshing, the other end rigid coupling of pivot (32) is on the output shaft of fourth motor (26), fourth motor (26) fixed mounting is on the mounting panel, a side rigid coupling of mounting panel is on the side of agitator tank (1).
6. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 5, wherein the four-season pear cultivation method comprises the following steps: t type grooves have been seted up to the both sides face symmetry of guide bar (17), every equal sliding connection has T type slider in the T type groove, every the equal rigid coupling in a side of T type slider is on the side of U type slide (31).
7. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the material conveying assembly comprises a first flood dragon (3), a first motor (4), a second flood dragon (9), a first bearing (10), a first bevel gear (22), a second bearing (23), a second bevel gear (24) and a third bevel gear (25), a side face of the stirring box (1) is connected with the second flood dragon (9) in a rotating mode through the second bearing, the third bevel gear (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the second flood dragon (9), a motor placing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side face of the stirring box (1), the first motor (4) is fixedly installed in the motor placing frame, an output shaft of the first motor (4) penetrates through the side face of the stirring box (1), an output shaft of the first motor (4) is connected to the side face of the stirring box (1) in a rotating mode, the end portion of the output shaft of the first motor (4) is fixedly connected with the first flood dragon (3), the tip of first flood dragon (3) and the tip of second flood dragon (9) rotate to be connected, the rigid coupling has first bevel gear (22) on the other end outer wall of first flood dragon (3), the bottom surface middle part of baffle (8) rotates through second bearing (23) and is connected with the minor axis, the rigid coupling has second bevel gear (24) on the minor axis other end tip outer wall, second bevel gear (24) respectively with first bevel gear (22), third bevel gear (25) intermeshing.
8. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the guide mechanism comprises a first electric telescopic rod (5), a stand column (6) and a guide plate (7), wherein the stand column (6) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the partition plate (8) in the longitudinal direction, the guide plate (7) is rotatably connected to the two side surfaces of the stand column (6), and each guide plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of one side surface of the guide plate (7) and is rotatably connected to the movable end of the first electric telescopic rod (5) and the bottom of the first electric telescopic rod (5) and is rotatably connected to the side surface of the stand column (6).
9. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top surface symmetry rigid coupling of agitator (2) has the inlet pipe, and every the inlet pipe all communicates with agitator (2), the bottom surface middle part both ends symmetry rigid coupling of agitator tank (1) has the discharging pipe, and every the discharging pipe all communicates with agitator tank (1), every the bottom of discharging pipe all is located the upper portion of scattering dish (16).
10. The four-season pear cultivation method facilitating quality improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: four supporting legs are fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the stirring box (1) in a vertical direction, and universal wheels are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the supporting legs.
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| CN202011259127.7A CN112293013A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Four-season pear cultivation method convenient for improving quality |
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