CN112273551A - Mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea and application thereof - Google Patents
Mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112273551A CN112273551A CN202011277800.XA CN202011277800A CN112273551A CN 112273551 A CN112273551 A CN 112273551A CN 202011277800 A CN202011277800 A CN 202011277800A CN 112273551 A CN112273551 A CN 112273551A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lactobacillus plantarum
- feed additive
- mass
- piglets
- mixed feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- KLOIYEQEVSIOOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbocromen Chemical compound CC1=C(CCN(CC)CC)C(=O)OC2=CC(OCC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KLOIYEQEVSIOOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 11
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 10
- CYDMQBQPVICBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotetracycline Natural products C1=CC(Cl)=C2C(O)(C)C3CC4C(N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O CYDMQBQPVICBEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229960004475 chlortetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 10
- CYDMQBQPVICBEU-XRNKAMNCSA-N chlortetracycline Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@H](N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O CYDMQBQPVICBEU-XRNKAMNCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000019365 chlortetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 description 9
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000004099 Chlortetracycline Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 229940099472 immunoglobulin a Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229940027941 immunoglobulin g Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019647 acidic taste Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006153 eosin methylene blue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010004016 Bacterial diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000186016 Bifidobacterium bifidum Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010051511 Viral diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L Zinc gluconate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O WHMDKBIGKVEYHS-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014590 basal diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000739 chronic poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006027 corn-soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000147 enterotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000655 enterotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000001 growth retardation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028774 intestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=C(NC(=O)CC(C)=O)C=C1Cl DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006180 nutrition needs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphorus ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013613 poultry product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004102 tricarboxylic acid cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011670 zinc gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011478 zinc gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000306 zinc gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A61K33/30—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
- A61K35/74—Bacteria
- A61K35/741—Probiotics
- A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
- A61K35/747—Lactobacilli, e.g. L. acidophilus or L. brevis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
Abstract
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea and application thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of piglet diarrhea, guarantee healthy growth of piglets, food safety and the like, and the additive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of yeast zinc, 15-25% of compound acidifier, 15-25% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 30-40% of carrier are uniformly mixed to prepare the lactobacillus plantarum slow-release agent; the invention has scientific and reasonable component compatibility, easy production and manufacture, convenient use and good effect, is a mixed feed additive which can be effectively used for preventing the diarrhea of the piglets, prevents the diarrhea of the piglets, has no toxic or side effect, can ensure the healthy growth and the food safety of the piglets, is a great innovation on the feed additive of the piglets, and has great economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea and application thereof.
Background
The diarrhea of the piglets is a common intestinal disease, is caused by various reasons, has great harm to the growth and development of the piglets and even causes death, and is a difficult problem which troubles the pig industry. The sick piglets are usually anorexia or food refusal, digestive dysfunction, diarrhea, edema and growth retardation, the excrement of the diarrhea piglets is watery, the piglets can be dehydrated for a long time, and even die seriously, and the mortality rate is high. The diarrhea of the piglets is mostly caused when the piglets are weaned to about 3 months old, the immunity and the digestion capability of the weaned piglets are incomplete, and the diarrhea is easy to occur. Piglet diarrhea can be classified into pathogenic diarrhea and nonpathogenic diarrhea according to etiology. Pathogenic diarrhea includes bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea. The nonpathogenic diarrhea of the piglets is mainly caused by stress on nutrition and feeding environment, and mainly comprises that the ratio of protein in the daily ration of the piglets is too high, and the excessive protein can increase the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract due to insufficient gastric secretion of the piglets, so that the diarrhea is caused by dyspepsia of the piglets. The anti-nutritional factors in the daily ration also cause the activity of protease to be reduced, the digestion and absorption of protein are influenced, and meanwhile, the small intestine epithelial cells of piglets are damaged, and diarrhea is caused. In addition, because the development of tissues and organs such as the immune system and the digestive system of the piglets is still imperfect, once external conditions are changed, the piglets are likely to have stress reaction, and diarrhea is caused.
In the past, high-dose zinc and antibiotics are added into the feed of piglets for preventing and treating diarrhea of the piglets, but the random and high-dose addition can cause the tolerance enhancement of pathogenic bacteria and seriously affect the health of the piglets. After entering the gastrointestinal tract of piglets, most of high-dose zinc, especially high-dose inorganic zinc, cannot be absorbed and is directly discharged from excrement, and the zinc excreted from the excrement in large quantities can bring important influence on human beings, the whole ecological chain and the health of the food chain. And chronic poisoning of piglet organisms can be caused by long-term or overdose feeding of high zinc, and the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products are reduced. High-dose zinc in daily ration can influence normal absorption of other microelements such as copper, calcium, iron, selenium and the like by piglet organisms, and simultaneously can influence the stability of vitamins and reduce the requirements of animals on the vitamins. The antibiotic feed additive is frequently reported to be used for preventing and treating diarrhea of piglets and food safety problems caused by abuse in the breeding link, so that direct and indirect economic losses caused by the antibiotic feed additive are amazing, and environmental problems caused by the antibiotic feed additive are not inconstant. The use of antibiotics in the breeding process is prohibited successively in countries of European Union, America, China and the like, so that how to reduce the use amount of zinc in piglet breeding production and improve the biological utilization rate of the zinc and the research and development and application of antibiotic substitutes are important technical problems to be solved urgently.
The yeast zinc product organically combines zinc with protein and polysaccharide in yeast bodies through the absorption and transformation of yeast to zinc element in the growth process, eliminates the toxic and side effects and gastrointestinal stimulation of inorganic zinc and organic zinc to animals, and ensures that the zinc can be more efficiently and safely digested, absorbed and utilized by the animals. The absorption utilization rate of the yeast zinc is over 70 percent and is reported to be 3.7 times of that of the zinc gluconate, and the using safe dosage is 300-400 times of that of the zinc sulfate. Researches show that effective components such as lactic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, phosphoric acid and the like in the acidifier can improve the average daily gain of weaned piglets, increase the feed conversion rate, reduce the infection rate of pathogenic bacteria and reduce the diarrhea incidence rate of the piglets. The lactobacillus plantarum preparation is used as a kind of commonly used probiotics, can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, promote the absorption of animal organisms on nutrient substances, and improve the immunity and the diarrhea resistance of the organisms. In recent years, more and more single yeast zinc, acidifier, lactobacillus plantarum preparation and other products are put into the breeding production of piglets for reducing zinc and replacing antibiotics, improving the intestinal health of piglets, reducing diarrhea and improving growth performance, but the application effect is unstable. Therefore, how to effectively prevent the diarrhea of the piglets and ensure the healthy growth and the food safety of the piglets is a technical problem to be seriously solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the mixed feed additive for preventing the piglet diarrhea and the application thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of piglet diarrhea, healthy growth of piglets, food safety and the like.
The invention solves the technical scheme that a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of yeast zinc, 15-25% of compound acidifier, 15-25% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 30-40% of carrier are uniformly mixed to prepare the lactobacillus plantarum slow-release agent;
the carrier is one of corn starch and rice bran, or a mixture of corn starch and rice bran at a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the yeast zinc is prepared by the prior art, such as 'a zinc-rich candida tropicalis strain and application thereof' with the patent application number of 2020112288443, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a seed solution: inoculating Candida tropicalis strain UDY-12 with Zn2+On plate medium, Zn2+The mass content of the strain is 500 mu g/mL, the strain is cultured for 36h at the temperature of 28 ℃, and then the strain is inoculated with Zn2+Placing the flask in YEPD culture medium on a shaking table, and culturing at the rotation speed of 180r/min for 60h at 28 deg.C to obtain fermentation culture seed solution;
the zinc-rich candida tropicalis strain UDY-12 is classified and named as candida tropicalis ()Candida tropicalis) The culture medium is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the address is as follows: west road No.1 hospital No. 3, north jing, chaoyang district, the day of storage: 12/16/2019, and the accession number is: CGMCC No. 19133;
said Zn2+Is any one of zinc sulfate and zinc oxide;
said Zn2+The plate culture medium is prepared by adding zinc sulfate stock solution into wort culture medium to make zinc content reach 500 μ g/mL, adding agar 20.0g, diluting to 1L with wort culture medium, sterilizing at 115 deg.C for 15min, and placing in a plate;
said Zn2+YEPD culture medium is, dissolve 40.0g glucose, 10.0g peptone and 10.0g yeast powder in deionized water, add zinc sulfate stock solution to make zinc element content reach 500 mug/mL, use deionized water to fix the volume to 1L, sterilize 15min to make into;
the zinc sulfate stock solution is prepared by weighing 4.4237g of zinc sulfate, adding 100mL of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15min, wherein the concentration of zinc element is 10000 mug/mL;
(2) preparing a fermentation culture: adding zinc sulfate stock solution into a wort culture medium with the mass sugar concentration of 30-80 g/L to enable the content of zinc elements to reach 300-800 mug/mL, adding 2g of monopotassium phosphate, using the wort culture medium to fix the volume to 1000mL, subpackaging in triangular flasks, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 15min at 100mL in each flask, inoculating fermentation culture seed solution with the volume of 5-8% of the sterilization culture medium when the temperature of the sterilization culture medium is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and culturing for 60h at 30 ℃ on a shaking table with the rotating speed of 180r/min to obtain a fermentation culture of Candida tropicalis strain UDY-12 zinc-rich yeast, wherein the biological mass of the Candida tropicalis strain is 12.9-15.2 g/L, and the mass content of zinc in the strain is not less than 7.98 mg/g;
the malt wort culture medium with the mass sugar concentration of 30-80 g/L is prepared by adding 5L of water into 1kg of crushed malt, soaking the crushed malt in a stainless steel pot at 50 ℃ for 90min, heating to 60 ℃ for saccharification for 60min, heating to 70 ℃ for continuous saccharification until no starch reaction exists, filtering, boiling for concentration, filtering, diluting to a proper sugar degree, and sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 20 min;
(3) preparing yeast zinc: filtering and concentrating a fermentation culture of candida tropicalis strain UDY-12 zinc-rich yeast by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press to ensure that the mass content of soluble solids is more than or equal to 20%, drying the fermentation culture by using a fluidized bed at the temperature of 70 ℃ and the steam outlet temperature of 140 ℃, adding a carrier of corn starch or glucose powder to prepare two insoluble or soluble zinc-rich yeast feed additives, and ensuring that the zinc content is 2-10 mg/g, namely yeast zinc;
the compound acidifier is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of lactic acid, 15% of citric acid, 10% of fumaric acid, 20% of phosphoric acid and 35% of white carbon black, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the white carbon black into a U-shaped mixer, and then putting lactic acid and phosphoric acid into the mixer to premix with the white carbon black for 5min to obtain a premix;
(2) adding citric acid and fumaric acid into the premix, mixing for 20min in a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture of 4 acids;
(3) putting the mixture of the 4 acids into a pulverizer for pulverizing, and sieving with a 2.0mm analysis sieve to obtain the compound acidifier;
the lactic acid, also known as propanoic acid, is colorless, transparent or yellowish syrupy liquid, odorless and slightly acidic in taste. The lactic acid can reduce the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, activate digestive enzyme, improve the digestion, absorption and utilization of amino acid and is beneficial to the growth of epithelial cells of the intestinal tract of the animal, and the lactic acid is required to meet the relevant standards of national feed additives;
the citric acid, also known as citric acid, is semitransparent crystal or white crystalline powder, and has no odor and slightly acidic taste. Citric acid is added into the feed, so that the contents in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal can be changed into acid, a microflora in the intestinal tract is stabilized, the production performance of the animal and the utilization rate of the feed are improved, and the citric acid is required to meet the relevant standards of national feed additives;
the fumaric acid, also known as fumaric acid, is fumaric acid, and is white crystalline powder. Fumaric acid participates in a series of key reactions of energy and enzyme, is an essential substance of tricarboxylic acid cycle, can be used for emergency synthesis of ATP under stress and critical states, can be used as an animal anti-stress agent, and has the effects of promoting the growth of livestock and poultry, relieving stress and enhancing the disease resistance of organisms. The fumaric acid is required to meet the relevant standards of national feed additives;
the phosphoric acid is strong acid in inorganic liquid, can provide phosphorus ions besides an acidification function when added into the feed, can effectively activate pepsin in animal gastrointestinal tracts and improve the activity of the pepsin, has stronger acidity and lower addition cost compared with organic acid, and meets the relevant standards of national feed additives;
the white carbon black is a white powdery object, the main component of the white carbon black is silicon dioxide, the white carbon black is a porous substance, has a huge surface area, is used for adsorbing and carrying an acidifier, and has the function of adsorbing harmful gases and enterotoxins. White carbon black, for example, having a particle size too small, may cause premature release of the acidifying agent and prevent it from reaching the middle or posterior part of the intestine. If the particle size is too large, the release of active ingredients is incomplete, and waste is easily caused, so that the white carbon black with the particle size of 80-100 meshes is selected, the product can be ensured to play an effective role in the whole intestinal tract of piglets, and the white carbon black is required to meet the relevant standards of national feed additives;
the preparation of the lactobacillus plantarum preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 in a liquid culture Medium (MRS), standing and culturing for 60h at 35 ℃, then inoculating the UR-3 activated by culture on a plate culture Medium (MRS), selecting bacterial colonies containing more than 10 activated lactobacillus plantarum UR-3, inoculating the bacterial colonies on the plate culture Medium (MRS) for a plurality of times, and culturing for 36h at 35 ℃ to prepare lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 first-grade seeds;
the lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 is classified and named as lactobacillus plantarum (A)Lactobacillus plantarum) And is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 12 months and 16 days in 2019, the preservation number is CGMCC No.19131, and the address is as follows: xilu No.1 Hospital No. 3, Beijing, Chaoyang, North;
preparing the liquid culture Medium (MRS): dissolving 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef extract, 5.0g of yeast extract, 2.0g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 20.0g of glucose, 801.0 mL of tween, 5.0g of sodium acetate, 2.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.58g of magnesium sulfate and 0.25g of manganese sulfate in 1000mL of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
preparing the plate culture Medium (MRS): dissolving 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef extract, 5.0g of yeast extract, 2.0g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 20.0g of glucose, 801.0 mL of tween, 5.0g of sodium acetate, 2.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.58g of magnesium sulfate, 0.25g of manganese sulfate and 18.0g of agar in 1000mL of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
(2) inoculating lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 first-grade seeds into a triangular flask, culturing with a liquid culture Medium (MRS) with the volume of 50% of the liquid filled in the triangular flask, standing and culturing at 35 deg.C for 60h to obtain lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 second-grade seed liquid;
(3) inoculating the secondary seed liquid of lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 into a 50L fermentation tank, wherein the liquid culture Medium (MRS) in the fermentation tank contains 50% of liquid volume and 6% of inoculation volume, and standing and culturing at 35 ℃ for 72h to obtain lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 fermentation culture;
(4) taking 10L of Lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 fermentation culture, filtering and concentrating with a rotary drum vacuum filter (the method is carried out according to the instruction of equipment), wherein the mass content of soluble solid after filtering and concentrating is not less than 20%, and maltodextrin is used as drying auxiliary agent, and the air inlet temperature is set to 120 ℃, the air outlet temperature is set to 60 ℃, and the heat is set toThe air flow is 2.5m3Spray drying in the presence of lactobacillus plantarum with viable count of 2.5 × 10, wherein the dried material is spherical granule, and has good fluidity and solubility9And (5) CFU/g, namely the lactobacillus plantarum preparation.
The invention has scientific and reasonable component compatibility, easy production and manufacture, convenient use and good effect, is a mixed feed additive which can be effectively used for preventing the diarrhea of the piglets, prevents the diarrhea of the piglets, has no toxic or side effect, can ensure the healthy growth and the food safety of the piglets, is a great innovation on the feed additive of the piglets, and has great economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
The following examples and specific examples will explain the present invention in detail.
In particular, the invention may be embodied as set forth in the following examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23-27% of yeast zinc, 18-22% of compound acidifier, 18-22% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 33-37% of carrier, wherein the carrier, the yeast zinc, the compound acidifier and the lactobacillus plantarum preparation are sequentially put into a U-shaped mixer to be mixed for 20min, the rotating speed of the mixer is 120r/min, and then the mixture is crushed and sieved by a 2.00mm analysis sieve to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum preparation.
Example 2
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of yeast zinc, 20% of compound acidifier, 20% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 35% of carrier.
Example 3
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23% of yeast zinc, 22% of compound acidifier, 18% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 37% of corn starch.
Example 4
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 24% of yeast zinc, 19% of compound acidifier, 22% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 17.5% of corn starch and 17.5% of rice bran.
Example 5
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of yeast zinc, 20% of compound acidifier, 21% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 34% of rice bran are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound acidifier
Example 6
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 26% of yeast zinc, 21% of compound acidifier, 20% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 16.5% of corn starch and 16.5% of rice bran.
Example 7
The invention relates to a mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27% of yeast zinc, 18% of compound acidifier, 19% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 18% of corn starch and 18% of rice bran.
The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea described in the above embodiments 1 to 7 can be added to a complete formula feed for piglets, and the addition amount is 0.15 to 0.20%, so that the mixed feed additive can be applied to a feed for preventing piglet diarrhea.
The mixed feed additive provided by the invention is scientific and reasonable in compatibility, convenient to use and good in effect, can be effectively added into piglet feed to prevent piglet diarrhea, and obtains a very good beneficial technical effect through experiments. The weaned piglets are taken as test objects, 60 piglets of the Du Dai three-way hybrid piglets with the average weight of 7.5kg are selected, the test piglets are randomly divided into 3 groups according to the scientific feeding test principle, each group of 20 piglets is provided with 2 repetitions, and each repetition is provided with 10 pigs. The group I is set as a control group and is fed with basic ration, 150g of aureomycin raw powder is added to each ton of the basic ration fed by the group II, and 1500g of the mixed feed additive (taking the example of the embodiment 2) is added to each ton of the basic ration fed by the group III. The experimental piglets were fed a corn-soybean meal type basal diet, the standard of which was formulated with reference to the nutritional needs of NRC (1998) piglets. The pigsty is disinfected before the test, the test piglets are fed in groups by taking each repetition as a unit, and the piglets are fed freely and drink water freely during the test period, and the others are carried out according to the conventional feeding management rules. The test is carried out in a certain pig farm in Luoshan county in Henan, the test period is 30 days, and the test results are as follows:
first, the influence of the product of the invention on the growth performance of piglets
The average daily gain of piglets was calculated by weighing the piglets at 8: 00 in the morning of the start of the test and 8: 00 in the morning of the end of the test on an empty stomach, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of the products of the invention on the growth Performance of piglets
| Item | Group I | Group II | Group III |
| Initial weight (kg) | 7.26 | 7.32 | 7.29 |
| Terminal weight (kg) | 20.33 | 22.85 | 23.37 |
| Average daily gain (g) | 436 | 518 | 536 |
Table 1 shows that the average daily gain of the test piglet diet added with the aureomycin raw powder is improved by 18.81 percent compared with that of a control group, the average daily gain of the product added with the mixed feed additive is improved by 22.94 percent compared with that of the control group, and the average daily gain of the product added with the mixed feed additive is improved by 3.47 percent compared with that of the product added with the aureomycin, so that the effect of the test piglet diet added with the mixed feed additive has obvious effect on improving the average daily gain of piglets.
Secondly, the influence of the product on the antibody level in the serum of the piglets
The piglets for the test are randomly selected 1 piglet at 10d and 20d of the test and on the day of the test ending, and are prohibited to feed for 12 hours and drink water freely during the prohibited period. The blood was collected in an ear vein (5 mL) and stored at room temperature for 20min, and then centrifuged at 2000 r/min for 15min to separate serum, and then immunoglobulin A (lgA), immunoglobulin G (lgG) and immunoglobulin M (lgM) were measured by immunoturbidimetry, and the results of the measurements were averaged and shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of the products of the invention on antibody levels in piglet serum
| Item | Group I | Group II | Group III |
| IgA（g/L） | 0.98 | 1.03 | 1.28 |
| IgG（g/L） | 2.38 | 2.67 | 3.24 |
| IgM（g/L） | 20.05 | 20.95 | 22.15 |
Table 2 shows that the addition of the chlortetracycline raw powder and the mixed feed additive of the invention to the daily ration of the piglets in the experiment can respectively improve the immunoglobulin A (lGA) in the serum of the piglets by 5.10 percent and 30.61 percent, respectively improve the immunoglobulin G (lgG) by 12.18 percent and 36.13 percent, respectively improve the immunoglobulin M (lgM) by 4.49 percent and 10.47 percent. The test data show that the mixed feed additive improves the level of immunoglobulin A (lgA), immunoglobulin G (lgG) and immunoglobulin M (lgM) in serum to be better than that of the chlortetracycline powder. Therefore, the addition of the mixed feed additive of the invention into the daily ration of the experimental piglet can obviously improve the levels of immunoglobulin A (lgA), immunoglobulin G (lgG) and immunoglobulin M (lgM) in the serum of the piglet.
Third, the influence of the product of the invention on the diarrhea incidence of piglets
During the test period, the number of the diarrhea onset heads of the piglets is counted by taking the group as a unit, and the diarrhea incidence rate of the piglets is calculated, and the result is shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of the products of the invention on the incidence of diarrhea in piglets
| Item | Group I | Group II | Group III |
| Piglet diarrhea incidence (%) | 24.56 | 7.91 | 7.02 |
Table 3 shows that, compared with the control group, the addition of the chlortetracycline raw powder and the mixed feed additive of the present invention to the daily ration of the experimental piglets respectively reduces the diarrhea incidence of the piglets by 16.65% and 17.54%, which indicates that the mixed feed additive of the present invention prevents the diarrhea incidence of the piglets to reach or exceed the effect of adding the chlortetracycline raw powder.
Fourth, the influence of the product of the invention on microbial flora in the piglet manure sample
1 collecting of feces samples
And (3) randomly selecting 1 healthy piglet for excrement sample collection every time when the test piglets are tested at 10d and 20d and on the day of test completion, collecting fresh pollution-free excrement samples by using a 50ml sterilization tube, and storing the fresh pollution-free excrement samples in a refrigerator at the temperature of-20 ℃ to be tested.
Dilution of stool samples
Taking 1g feces sample under aseptic condition, adding 9ml phosphate buffer solution, and shaking with magnetic oscillator for 5min, the solution is 10-1Diluting the solution, sucking 1ml of the solution into a test tube containing 9ml of sterile phosphate buffer solution for 10 times-2Diluting, shaking for 5min, sequentially performing 10 times-3～10-6And (5) diluting by times.
Culture and colony counting
Coli: taking a fecal sample 10-6Diluent 1Mu.l of the strain is inoculated on a Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar culture medium plate, 3 times of the strain are repeated, the strain is cultured for 24 hours under the aerobic condition at 37 ℃, and after morphological and physiological and biochemical identification is carried out on escherichia coli, colony counting is carried out, and the average number is taken. The number of E.coli colonies in the feces was expressed as lgCFU/g.
Salmonella: stool sample 10-3Inoculating 10 μ l of the diluted solution on a plate of Shigella salmonella agar medium (SS agar medium), repeating for 3 times, culturing at 35 deg.C for 36h, performing morphological and physiological biochemical identification on Salmonella, counting colonies, and taking the average number. The number of Salmonella colonies in the feces was expressed in lg CFU/g.
And (3) lactobacillus: taking a fecal sample 10-6Inoculating 10 μ l of the diluted solution on a lactobacillus broth (MRS) plate, repeating for 3 times, culturing at 37 deg.C under anaerobic condition for 48h, performing morphological and physiological biochemical identification on lactobacillus, and counting colonies, and taking the average number. The number of colonies of Lactobacillus in the stool was expressed as lgCFU/g.
Bifidobacteria: taking a fecal sample 10-6Inoculating 10 μ l of the diluted solution on BL agar culture medium plate, repeating for 3 times, culturing at 37 deg.C under anaerobic condition for 48 hr, performing morphological and physiological biochemical identification on Bacillus bifidus, counting colonies, and taking average. The number of colonies of bifidobacteria in the stool samples is expressed as lgCFU/g.
Test results
The results of the microbial flora contained in the piglets per gram of faeces in the test are given in table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of the products of the invention on the microbial flora in the faeces of piglets
| Item | Group I | Group II | Group III |
| Escherichia coli (lgCFU/g) | 5.854 | 4.446 | 4.021 |
| Salmonella (lgCFU/g) | 2.171 | 1.683 | 1.457 |
| Lactobacillus (lgCFU/g) | 5.713 | 5.347 | 5.805 |
| Bifidobacterium (lgCFU/g) | 5.643 | 4.859 | 5.937 |
As can be seen from Table 4, the addition of the chlortetracycline raw powder and the mixed feed additive of the invention in the daily ration has a significant effect on the flora number of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium contained in the piglet manure sample. Compared with the control group, the number of escherichia coli florae in the piglet manure sample of the group added with the aureomycin raw powder is reduced by 24.05%, the number of salmonella florae is reduced by 22.48%, the number of lactobacillus florae is reduced by 6.41%, and the number of bifidobacterium florae is reduced by 13.89%. The number of colibacillus flora in the piglet manure sample is reduced by 31.31 percent, the number of salmonella flora is reduced by 32.89 percent, the number of lactobacillus flora is increased by 1.61 percent, and the number of bifidobacterium flora is increased by 5.21 percent.
The same tests were carried out on the above examples and on other examples, and the same and similar results were obtained, which are not listed here.
In conclusion, the number of the florae of escherichia coli, salmonella, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in the group of the piglet manure samples added with the aureomycin raw powder is reduced, the number of the florae of the escherichia coli and the salmonella in the group of the piglet manure samples added with the mixed feed additive is reduced, and the number of the florae of the lactobacillus and the bifidobacterium is increased. The mixed feed additive inhibits the number of floras of harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella and the like in the gastrointestinal tract of the piglets, and improves the number of floras of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and the like, so that the mixed feed additive can ensure that the diarrhea incidence rate of the piglets reaches or exceeds the effect of antibiotics, the diarrhea incidence rate of the piglets is reduced by about 20 percent relative to the antibiotics, the survival rate is improved by more than 99 percent, and the mixed feed additive has no toxic or side effect, effectively ensures the healthy growth of the piglets, is very beneficial to the development of the breeding industry, improves the commercial value, is a great innovation on the piglet feed additive, and has huge economic and social benefits.
Claims (9)
1. The mixed feed additive for preventing the diarrhea of the piglets is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of yeast zinc, 15-25% of compound acidifier, 15-25% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 30-40% of carrier are uniformly mixed to prepare the lactobacillus plantarum slow-release agent;
the carrier is one of corn starch and rice bran, or a mixture of corn starch and rice bran at a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the compound acidifier is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of lactic acid, 15% of citric acid, 10% of fumaric acid, 20% of phosphoric acid and 35% of white carbon black, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the white carbon black into a U-shaped mixer, and then putting lactic acid and phosphoric acid into the mixer to premix with the white carbon black for 5min to obtain a premix;
(2) adding citric acid and fumaric acid into the premix, mixing for 20min in a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture of 4 acids;
(3) putting the mixture of the 4 acids into a pulverizer for pulverizing, and sieving with a 2.0mm analysis sieve to obtain the compound acidifier;
the preparation method of the lactobacillus plantarum preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 in a liquid culture medium, standing and culturing for 60h at 35 ℃, then inoculating the cultured and activated UR-3 on a plate culture medium, selecting colonies containing more than 10 activated lactobacillus plantarum UR-3, inoculating the colonies on the plate culture medium for a plurality of strains, and culturing for 36h at 35 ℃ to prepare lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 first-level seeds;
the lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 is classified and named as lactobacillus plantarum (A)Lactobacillus plantarum) And is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 12 months and 16 days in 2019, the preservation number is CGMCC No.19131, and the address is as follows: xilu No.1 Hospital No. 3, Beijing, Chaoyang, North;
preparing the liquid culture medium: dissolving 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef extract, 5.0g of yeast extract, 2.0g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 20.0g of glucose, 801.0 mL of tween, 5.0g of sodium acetate, 2.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.58g of magnesium sulfate and 0.25g of manganese sulfate in 1000mL of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
preparing a plate culture medium: dissolving 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of beef extract, 5.0g of yeast extract, 2.0g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 20.0g of glucose, 801.0 mL of tween, 5.0g of sodium acetate, 2.0g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.58g of magnesium sulfate, 0.25g of manganese sulfate and 18.0g of agar in 1000mL of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
(2) inoculating lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 first-level seeds into a triangular flask, culturing with a liquid culture medium, wherein the volume of the liquid in the triangular flask culture medium is 50%, standing and culturing at 35 ℃ for 60h to obtain lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 second-level seed liquid;
(3) inoculating the secondary seed liquid of the lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 into a 50L fermentation tank, wherein the liquid culture medium in the fermentation tank contains 50% of liquid by volume and 6% of inoculation volume, and standing and culturing at 35 ℃ for 72h to prepare a lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 fermentation culture;
(4) taking 10L of Lactobacillus plantarum UR-3 fermentation culture, filtering and concentrating with rotary drum vacuum filter, wherein the mass content of soluble solid after filtering and concentrating is not less than 20%, maltodextrin is used as drying auxiliary agent, and the air inlet temperature is set to 120 deg.C, the air outlet temperature is set to 60 deg.C, and the hot air flow is set to 2.5m3Spray drying in the presence of lactobacillus plantarum with viable count of 2.5 × 10, wherein the dried material is spherical granule, and has good fluidity and solubility9And (5) CFU/g, namely the lactobacillus plantarum preparation.
2. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23-27% of yeast zinc, 18-22% of compound acidifier, 18-22% of lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum and 33-37% of carrier, wherein the carrier, the yeast zinc, the compound acidifier and the lactobacillus plantarum preparation are sequentially put into a U-shaped mixer to be mixed for 20min, the rotating speed of the mixer is 120r/min, and then the mixture is crushed and sieved by a 2.00mm analysis sieve to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum.
3. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of yeast zinc, 20% of compound acidifier, 20% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 35% of carrier.
4. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23% of yeast zinc, 22% of compound acidifier, 18% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 37% of corn starch.
5. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 24% of yeast zinc, 19% of compound acidifier, 22% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 17.5% of corn starch and 17.5% of rice bran.
6. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of yeast zinc, 20% of compound acidifier, 21% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation and 34% of rice bran.
7. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 26% of yeast zinc, 21% of compound acidifier, 20% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 16.5% of corn starch and 16.5% of rice bran.
8. The mixed feed additive for preventing piglet diarrhea according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27% of yeast zinc, 18% of compound acidifier, 19% of lactobacillus plantarum preparation, 18% of corn starch and 18% of rice bran.
9. The mixed feed additive for preventing the piglet diarrhea according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied to a complete formula feed for preventing the piglet diarrhea, and the addition mass is 0.15-0.20%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117100773A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 山东威曼宠物食品有限公司 | Lactobacillus plantarum King07 metazoan preparation and application thereof |
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