CN112273326A - Breeding method capable of improving meat quality and flavor of Guizhou local pigs and having epidemic prevention effect - Google Patents
Breeding method capable of improving meat quality and flavor of Guizhou local pigs and having epidemic prevention effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN112273326A CN112273326A CN202011255455.XA CN202011255455A CN112273326A CN 112273326 A CN112273326 A CN 112273326A CN 202011255455 A CN202011255455 A CN 202011255455A CN 112273326 A CN112273326 A CN 112273326A
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- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 244000067456 Chrysanthemum coronarium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000007871 Chrysanthemum coronarium Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 amino acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004225 ferrous lactate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940037907 ferrous lactate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 12
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015134 garland chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013575 mashed potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 abstract description 11
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000132542 Conyza Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N L-lysine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001747 Potassium fumarate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930003448 Vitamin K Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019752 Wheat Middilings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005337 lysine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method for improving meat quality and flavor of local Guizhou pigs and having an epidemic prevention effect, which comprises the following steps: (1) when the weight is less than 10kg, feeding a feed consisting of the following components: 30-80 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 20-30 parts of corn, 10-18 parts of bean pulp, 20-30 parts of bran, 0.1-0.2 part of amino acid compound, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.5-1 part of beta-carotene and 0.2-0.3 part of salt; (2) feeding a feed consisting of the following components when the weight reaches 10 kg; 50-100 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 80-100 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of fish meal, 0.05-0.08 part of vitamin complex, 1-3 parts of cod liver oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt. The invention can obviously reduce the incidence rate of asthma and diarrhea and improve the intramuscular fat content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method capable of improving meat quality and flavor of Guizhou local pigs and having an epidemic prevention effect.
Background
The Jiangxiang pigs are rare small local pig breeds of China which are selected and cultured for a long time from Jiangxiang minority nationalities under specific natural environment, social and economic conditions, are local dominant germplasm resources of Guizhou province, are listed as national secondary protection animal breeds in 1993 by Ministry of agriculture, are listed in the national protection records of livestock and poultry variety resources in No. 130 bulletin 2000, and have the characteristics of glutinous skin, fragrant meat, non-greasy taste and tender meat.
One of the main producing areas of Jiangxiang pigs is Guizhou, southeast Guizhou, and the industrialized breeding experience and technology of pig breeding in the area are all insufficient, so that asthma and diarrhea are easy to occur in the breeding process, and economic loss is caused. At present, research and research on Jiangxiang swine enzootic pneumonia and diarrhea are few, and reference is made to epidemiological survey of Guizhou swine enzootic pneumonia (Yang Li, Wu Dynasty, Yang luxuriang, and the like) (J, Shanghai animal veterinary communication, 2016,000(004):32-33.) and epidemiological survey of Guizhou swine diarrhea (Yang Li, Xujing Emei, Yang luxuriang, and the like) (J, Shanghai animal veterinary communication, 2015,000(004):58-58.) to know how to prevent and treat Jiangxiang swine enzootic pneumonia and diarrhea, which is an urgent problem to be solved.
Meanwhile, the research on improving the meat quality and flavor of the Jiang Xiang pigs is less due to the limitation of the breeding level, so that the further market popularization of the Jiang Xiang pigs is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a breeding method which improves the meat quality and flavor of local Guizhou pigs and has an epidemic prevention effect. The feeding method can obviously reduce the incidence rate of asthma and diarrhea of the fragrant pig, and can effectively improve the intramuscular fat content of the fragrant pig so as to promote the meat quality and flavor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a technical solution,
a breeding method for improving meat quality and flavor of Guizhou local pigs and having an epidemic prevention effect comprises the following steps:
(1) after the suckling pigs are separated from the milk, when the weight of the suckling pigs is less than 10kg, the suckling pigs are fed with the feed A, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-80 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 20-30 parts of corn, 10-18 parts of bean pulp, 20-30 parts of bran, 0.1-0.2 part of amino acid compound, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.5-1 part of beta-carotene and 0.2-0.3 part of salt;
(2) feeding the feed B when the weight of the feed reaches 10kg, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight;
50-100 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 80-100 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of fish meal, 0.05-0.08 part of vitamin complex, 1-3 parts of cod liver oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt;
in the step (1) and the step (2), the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating aspergillus niger strains for fermentation, and freeze-drying a fermentation product to obtain crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder;
the Aspergillus niger is Aspergillus niger Z-9 with a Tibetan number: CGMCC No. 11130;
the Guizhou pig is a Xiangjiang pig.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 parts of garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 25 parts of corn, 12 parts of bean pulp, 22 parts of bran, 0.15 part of amino acid, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.6 part of beta-carotene and 0.25 part of salt.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight;
56 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 90 parts of corn, 25 parts of bran, 12 parts of fish meal, 0.06 part of vitamin complex, 2 parts of cod liver oil and 0.6 part of salt.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, when the Aspergillus niger is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 2 percent by volume percentage.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the amino acid complex consists of lysine, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 2.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and pantothenic acid, and the ratio of IU is 200:30:3:2:3: 1.
In general, in step (1) and step (2), the feed was fed 2 times a day with free access to water.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, when the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder is prepared and fermented, the fermentation is carried out for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze drying to obtain fermented dry powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raising method can obviously reduce the incidence rate of asthma and diarrhea of the fragrant pig, and can effectively improve the intramuscular fat content of the fragrant pig.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the related fermentation dried powder of chrysanthemum coronarium is obtained by the following method:
mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating 2% of aspergillus niger Z-9 for fermentation, and fermenting at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 36 hours during fermentation; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze drying to obtain fermented dry powder of caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti; the Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 is deposited as follows: CGMCC No. 11130.
Aspergillus niger Z-9 of the present invention is an existing strain and is commercially available.
Example 1
Selecting 100 Yuanjiang Xiang pigs after milk separation as experimental animals, and feeding by adopting the following method:
(1) after the suckling pigs are separated from the milk, when the weight of the suckling pigs is less than 10kg, the suckling pigs are fed with the feed A, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 parts of garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 25 parts of corn, 12 parts of bean pulp, 22 parts of bran, 0.15 part of amino acid, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.6 part of beta-carotene and 0.25 part of salt;
(2) feeding the feed B when the weight of the feed reaches 10kg, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight;
56 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 90 parts of corn, 25 parts of bran, 12 parts of fish meal, 0.06 part of vitamin complex, 2 parts of cod-liver oil and 0.6 part of salt;
the compound vitamin consists of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and pantothenic acid, wherein the IU ratio is 200:30:3:2:3: 1;
the amino acid complex consists of lysine, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 2.
Example 2
The formula of the adjusting feed A is as follows:
80 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 20 parts of corn, 10 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of bran, 0.2 part of amino acid compound, 3 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.5 part of beta-carotene and 0.2 part of salt;
the formula of the adjusting feed B is as follows:
100 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 80 parts of corn, 20 parts of bran, 15 parts of fish meal, 0.08 part of multivitamin, 1 part of cod liver oil and 0.5 part of salt;
the rest corresponds to example 1.
Example 3
The formula of the adjusting feed A is as follows:
30 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 30 parts of corn, 18 parts of bean pulp, 30 parts of bran, 0.1 part of amino acid compound, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part of L-ferrous lactate, 1 part of beta-carotene and 0.3 part of salt;
the formula of the adjusting feed B is as follows:
50 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 100 parts of corn, 30 parts of bran, 10 parts of fish meal, 0.05 part of compound vitamin, 3 parts of cod-liver oil and 0.8 part of salt;
the rest corresponds to example 1.
Comparative example 1
Selecting 100 Yuanjiang Xiang pigs after milk separation as experimental animals, and feeding the experimental animals by adopting the following formula:
60 w/w% of rice bran, 30 w/w% of corn flour and 10 w/w% of current season vegetables.
Comparative example 2
Selecting 100 Yuanjiang Xiang pigs after milk separation as experimental animals, and feeding the experimental animals by adopting the following formula:
74.86% of corn, 5.5% of wheat bran, 17.5% of soybean meal, 0.8% of stone powder, 0.5% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3% of salt, 0.15% of sodium bicarbonate, 0.04% of lysine hydrochloride, 0.08% of choline, 0.03% of sweetening agent and 0.24% of compound vitamin (consisting of vitamin E, vitamin B2, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:2:3: 3).
Comparative example 3
Selecting 100 Yuanjiang Xiang pigs after milk separation as experimental animals, and feeding the experimental animals by adopting the following formula:
corn 65%, wheat middling 1.8%, fermented soybean meal 12.60%, soybean meal 14.17%, fish meal 2.8%, oil production 0.28%, stone powder 0.91%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1%, salt 0.32%, choline chloride 0.06%, flavor essence 0.05%, composite premix (containing manganese 100ml/kg, zinc 1332mg/kg, iron 2664mg/kg, copper 167mg/kg, iodine 5mg/kg, selenium 5mg/kg, vitamin A57000IU/kg, vitamin D36600IU/kg, vitamin E366 IU/kg, vitamin B2 96mg/kg)1%。
Experimental example 1
The incidence of asthma, the incidence of diarrhea and the intramuscular fat content when the Swine from Jiang were bred in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined, and the breeding period was 50 days. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Experimental example 2
Before experimental example 1, the influence of the addition of the chrysanthemum coronarium fermentation dry powder to the feed on the incidence rate of asthma and diarrhea is examined in a preliminary experiment. In the preliminary experiments, the feeds of comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 were used as basic feeds, respectively, and the chrysanthemum coronarium fermentation dry powder was added to the basic feeds in an amount of 10% (w/w), respectively, and the basic feeds were designated as preliminary experiment group 1, preliminary experiment group 2 and preliminary experiment group 3, respectively. 50 pigs from Jiangxiang pigs after milk separation were fed for 50 days in each pre-experimental group, and the incidence of asthma and diarrhea was recorded, and the results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the addition of the fermented dried powder of Chrysanthemum coronarium has a significant effect on the reduction of asthma and morbidity of Swine Conyza sativa.
TABLE 2
Based on the experimental results of the experimental examples, the inventors have made a great deal of detailed studies on the formulation of the feed and the stage of feeding, and finally obtained the final feeding method of the present invention. Wherein, the feeding method of the embodiment 1 is optimized, the incidence of asthma can be reduced to 1 percent, the incidence of diarrhea can be reduced to 2 percent, and meanwhile, the intramuscular fat content of the Jiangxiang pigs can reach 3.88 +/-0.01 percent (in the ideal intramuscular fat content range of the edible pigs).
Claims (8)
1. A breeding method for improving meat quality and flavor of Guizhou local pigs and having an epidemic prevention effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) after the suckling pigs are separated from the milk, when the weight of the suckling pigs is less than 10kg, the suckling pigs are fed with the feed A, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-80 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 20-30 parts of corn, 10-18 parts of bean pulp, 20-30 parts of bran, 0.1-0.2 part of amino acid compound, 1-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.5-1 part of beta-carotene and 0.2-0.3 part of salt;
(2) feeding the feed B when the weight of the feed reaches 10kg, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight;
50-100 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 80-100 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bran, 10-15 parts of fish meal, 0.05-0.08 part of vitamin complex, 1-3 parts of cod liver oil and 0.5-0.8 part of salt;
in the step (1) and the step (2), the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating aspergillus niger strains for fermentation, and freeze-drying a fermentation product to obtain crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder;
the Aspergillus niger is Aspergillus niger Z-9 with a Tibetan number: CGMCC No. 11130;
the Guizhou pig is a Xiangjiang pig.
2. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feed A is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
70 parts of garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 25 parts of corn, 12 parts of bean pulp, 22 parts of bran, 0.15 part of amino acid, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 part of L-ferrous lactate, 0.6 part of beta-carotene and 0.25 part of salt.
3. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feed B consists of, in parts by weight;
56 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 90 parts of corn, 25 parts of bran, 12 parts of fish meal, 0.06 part of vitamin complex, 2 parts of cod liver oil and 0.6 part of salt.
4. The feeding method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amount of inoculation is 2% by volume when inoculated with Aspergillus niger.
5. The feeding method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amino acid complex consists of lysine, methionine and threonine in a weight ratio of 1:1: 2.
6. The feeding method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the multivitamins consist of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and pantothenic acid in an IU ratio of 200:30:3:2:3: 1.
7. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in steps (1) and (2), the feed is fed 2 times a day with free drinking water.
8. The raising method according to claim 1, wherein fermentation is performed at 28 to 32 ℃ for 36 hours when fermentation is performed in the preparation of the fermented dry powder of the crowndaisy chrysanthemum; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze drying to obtain fermented dry powder.
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