CN112273040B - Cotton stalk crushing returning and residual film picking and recovering combined machine - Google Patents
Cotton stalk crushing returning and residual film picking and recovering combined machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112273040B CN112273040B CN202011118023.4A CN202011118023A CN112273040B CN 112273040 B CN112273040 B CN 112273040B CN 202011118023 A CN202011118023 A CN 202011118023A CN 112273040 B CN112273040 B CN 112273040B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of residual film picking and recovering, and provides a combined machine for cotton stalk crushing and returning and residual film picking and recovering, which comprises a frame; the cotton stalk crushing and returning device is arranged at the front end of the frame; the residual film collecting device is arranged at the middle part of the rack after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device; the film raking device is arranged at the tail part of the rack; the traveling device is arranged at the bottom of the rack; the cotton stalk crushing and returning device, the residual film collecting device and the film raking device are connected with the power transmission system. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, solved simple structure among the correlation technique reasonable, use easy maintenance, pick up effectual and the high problem of operating efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of residual film picking and recovering, in particular to a combined machine for crushing cotton stalks and returning the crushed cotton stalks to the field and picking and recovering residual films.
Background
The plastic film mulching planting is introduced into China at the end of the last 70 th century, and a film mulching planting technical system suitable for the national conditions of China is formed through improvement and perfection. With the large-area popularization and application of the mulching film mulching planting, the problem of land pollution caused by the mulching film is also caused while high yield and income increase are brought to cotton farmers. After the residual film enters the soil, the air permeability of the soil is influenced, the water absorption of crops and the growth of root systems are hindered, the farmland quality is deteriorated year by year, and the yield reduction of the crops is finally caused. Therefore, sustainable agricultural development can be further carried out only by solving the problem of recovering and cleaning the residual film and eliminating the pollution of the residual film to the soil.
The pick-up device on the cotton straw returning and plastic film residue recycling machine that uses at present is mostly eccentric or whole cylinder assembled, and the yielding is hanged down to cylinder intensity, and the clearance is dismantled for a long time, extremely difficult installation. The machines and tools work efficiency is not high and break down easily, and incomplete membrane rate of recovery is low and pick up a great deal of problems such as incomplete membrane impurity is many.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a combined machine for crushing cotton stalks, returning the cotton stalks to the field and picking and recovering residual films, which solves the problems of simple and reasonable structure, convenient use and maintenance, good picking effect and high operation efficiency in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a combined machine for crushing cotton stalks, returning the cotton stalks to the field and picking and recovering residual films, which comprises,
a frame;
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device is arranged at the front end of the frame;
the residual film collecting device is arranged at the middle part of the rack after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device;
the film raking device is arranged at the tail part of the rack;
the traveling device is arranged at the bottom of the rack;
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device, the residual film collecting device and the film raking device are connected with the power transmission system.
As a further technical solution, it is proposed that,
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device comprises a cotton stalk crushing and returning device,
the crushing roller is arranged at the front end of the rack; the crushing drum has an inlet and an outlet;
the crushing shaft is arranged at the inlet of the crushing roller, the power transmission system drives the crushing shaft to rotate through a transmission shaft and a triangular belt, and the crushing shaft is provided with a crushing blade;
the auger throwing cylinder is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the auger throwing cylinder is communicated with the outlet of the crushing roller;
the cotton stalk throwing channel is communicated with an outlet of the auger throwing cylinder, and the outlet of the cotton stalk throwing channel faces one side of the left side and the right side of the advancing direction;
the throwing fan is arranged on one side of the packing auger throwing cylinder and is positioned in the cotton stalk throwing channel.
As a further technical proposal, the residual film collecting device comprises,
the residual film picking device is arranged on the rack and is positioned behind the cotton stalk crushing and returning device;
the residual film throwing device is arranged on one side of the residual film picking device;
the residual film recycling box is arranged on one side of the residual film throwing device.
As a further technical solution, the film raking device comprises,
the film raking frame is arranged on the residual film recycling box;
the film raking elastic teeth are arranged side by side, gaps are formed between every two adjacent film raking elastic teeth, one end of each film raking elastic tooth is arranged on the film raking frame, the other end of each film raking elastic tooth is arc-shaped, and the film raking elastic teeth extend out of the film raking frame and are used for being in contact with the ground;
the film picking device is arranged on the film holding frame in a rotating mode around a first direction, and the film holding elastic teeth penetrate through the film picking device;
and the connecting rod mechanism and the film raking frame form a four-connecting-rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism extends out and is connected with the oil cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the film picking device.
As a further technical solution, the residual film pickup device includes,
a film picking and rotating device, which comprises a film picking and rotating device,
the film picking rotating shaft rotates around the first direction, and the power transmission system drives the film picking rotating shaft to rotate through a chain wheel;
the film picking rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of film picking rotating shafts, and the film picking rotating shafts are arranged on the film picking rotating shafts in a circumferential mode;
a membrane picking device, which comprises a membrane picking device,
the film picking beams are arranged in the arc-shaped holes along a first direction, the film picking beams are arranged in the arc-shaped holes in a sliding mode along the arc direction of the arc-shaped holes, and two ends of each film picking beam are provided with guide parts;
the film picking blades are arranged on the film picking beam, and the film picking blades are arranged along a first direction;
the number of the swing arms is the same as that of the arc-shaped holes, one end of each swing arm is rotatably arranged on the turntable, and the other end of each swing arm is arranged on the film picking beam;
the external cam disc is arranged on the rack, a sliding groove is formed in the external cam disc, and the guide part is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode;
friction separation and reunion sprocket gear, friction separation and reunion sprocket gear sets up choose membrane pivot both sides, with the spindle nose of choosing the membrane pivot is connected, the drive choose the membrane pivot to rotate.
As a further technical proposal, the residual film throwing device comprises,
the power transmission system drives the throwing shaft to rotate through a triangular belt wheel, and the throwing shaft is positioned on one side of the film picking rotating device;
the throwing plate is arranged on the throwing shaft along a first direction;
and the throwing shell is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the throwing shell is arranged outside the throwing shaft, the inlet of the throwing shell is communicated with the outlet of the film picking rotating device, and the outlet of the throwing shell faces the residual film recycling box.
As a further technical proposal, the residual film recycling box comprises,
the fixed front cover plate is arranged on the rack and is positioned on one side of the residual film throwing device;
the movable film box is provided with an inlet, one end of the movable film box is rotatably arranged on the fixed front cover plate, an opening is opened between the fixed front cover plate and the movable film box after the movable film box rotates, one end of the oil cylinder is arranged on the fixed front cover plate, the other end of the oil cylinder is arranged on the movable film box, and an outlet of the throwing shell faces towards the inlet of the movable film box.
As a further technical proposal, the film picking and rotating device also comprises,
the roller bracket is arranged on the turntable and rotates along with the film picking rotating shaft;
the middle reinforcing disks are arranged on the film picking rotating shaft along a first direction and connected with the roller bracket;
choose membrane cylinder apron, choose membrane cylinder apron setting on the drum bracket, it is a plurality of to choose membrane cylinder apron, choose the middle outside protrusion in membrane cylinder apron, it is provided with the blade hole of stepping down on the membrane cylinder apron to choose.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the embodiment, in order to realize the recovery of the residual film, a cotton stalk crushing and returning device, a residual film collecting device and a film raking device are arranged, and specifically, the rack is an installation frame which integrates all parts; the cotton stalk crushing and returning device is arranged at the front end of the frame, and the front end of the cotton stalk crushing and returning device is provided with a connector which is connected with a tractor; the residual film collecting device is arranged at the middle part of the frame after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device; the film raking device is arranged at the tail part of the residual film collecting device; the walking device comprises walking wheels and a walking bracket, the walking bracket is arranged on the rack through a rotating shaft, the other end of each walking wheel is arranged at one end of an oil cylinder, and the walking wheels are in a transportation state and an operation state through the extension and contraction of the oil cylinders; the power transmission system comprises a transmission shaft transmission system, a triangular belt transmission system, a chain wheel transmission system and a box body transmission system, the power transmission of the whole combined operation is realized through a series of combined transmission relations, the power transmission system also comprises a hydraulic system, the hydraulic system comprises oil cylinders and oil pipes, and then the operation state of the walking wheels during working or transportation and the film unloading function of the residual film recycling box and the film raking device are realized through the hydraulic system.
Still field device is smashed to cotton stalk in the front, smash high cotton stalk, be convenient for pick up incomplete membrane from the earth's surface, incomplete membrane collection device is in the centre, pack up the incomplete membrane in the ground, pack up the incomplete membrane that incomplete membrane collection device was left out by hugging the membrane device at last, the cooperation of three can high efficiency, realize cotton stalk breakage and incomplete membrane on a large scale and collect, it is broken with cotton stalk, the cotton stalk is still field, incomplete membrane is picked up and is left the incomplete membrane and pick up and go on simultaneously, very big improvement efficiency, and overall structure is reasonable, the dismouting is maintained conveniently, the operation fault rate is low.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a certain angle of view according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pickup apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pick-up device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a membrane-selecting beam according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a film-picking blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the residual film pickup apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cover plate structure of a film-picking roller according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the plastic film residue recycling bin of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view (one) of the structure of a film raking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of a film raking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the external cam plate configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the friction clutch sprocket assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide portion of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a frame, 2, a cotton stalk crushing and returning device, 21, a crushing roller, 22, a crushing shaft, 221, a crushing blade, 23, a packing auger throwing cylinder, 24, a cotton stalk throwing channel, 25, a throwing fan, 3, a residual film collecting device, 4, a residual film picking device, 41, a film picking rotating device, 411, a film picking rotating shaft, 412, a rotating disc, 416, an arc hole, 413, a roller bracket, 414, a middle reinforcing disc, 415, a film picking roller cover plate, 417, a blade abdicating hole, 42, a film picking device, 421, a film picking beam, 422, a guide part, 423, a film picking blade, 424, a swing arm, 43, an external cam disc, 431, a sliding groove, 432, a bolt fixing hole, 433, a shaft hole, 44, a friction clutch sprocket device, 441, a film picking sprocket, 442, a friction sheet, 443, a middle fixing plate, 444, a gland, 445, a connecting disc, 446, a pressure spring, 5, a residual film throwing device, 51 and a throwing shaft, 52. throwing and sending board 53, throwing and sending shell 6, residual film recycling box 61, fixed front cover plate 62, movable film box 7, film raking device 71, film raking frame 72, film raking elastic teeth 73, film picking device 74, link mechanism 8, walking device 9 and power transmission system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 16, the present embodiment provides a combined machine for crushing cotton stalks for returning to fields and picking up and recovering residual films, which is characterized by comprising,
a frame 1;
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1;
the residual film collecting device 3 is arranged in the middle of the frame 1 after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2;
the film raking device 7 is arranged at the tail part of the rack 1;
the traveling device 8 is arranged at the bottom of the rack 1;
and the power transmission system 9, the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2, the residual film collecting device 3 and the film raking device 7 are connected with the power transmission system 9.
In the embodiment, in order to realize the recovery of the residual film, a cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2, a residual film collecting device 3 and a film raking device 7 are arranged, and specifically, the rack 1 is an installation frame which integrates all parts; the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, and the front end of the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2 is provided with a connector which is connected with a tractor; the residual film collecting device 3 is arranged in the middle of the frame 1 after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2; the film raking device 7 is arranged at the tail part of the residual film collecting device 3; the walking device 8 comprises walking wheels and a walking bracket, the walking bracket is arranged on the frame 1 through a rotating shaft, the other end of the walking wheels is arranged at one end of an oil cylinder, and the walking wheels are in a transportation state and an operation state through the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder; the power transmission system 9 comprises a transmission shaft transmission system, a triangular belt transmission system, a chain wheel transmission system and a box body transmission system, realizes the power transmission of the whole combined operation through a series of combined transmission relations, and further comprises a hydraulic system, wherein the hydraulic system comprises oil cylinders and oil pipes, and then realizes the operation state of the walking wheels during working or transportation and the film unloading function of the residual film recycling box 6 and the film raking device 7 through the hydraulic system.
Still field device 2 is smashed to cotton stalk in the front, smash high cotton stalk, be convenient for pick up incomplete membrane from the earth's surface, incomplete membrane collection device 3 is in the centre, pack up the incomplete membrane in the ground, pack up the incomplete membrane of incomplete membrane collection device 3 omission by hugging membrane device 7 at last, the cooperation of three can the high efficiency, realize cotton stalk breakage and incomplete membrane on a large scale and collect, with cotton stalk breakage, the cotton stalk is still field, incomplete membrane is picked up and is omitted the incomplete membrane and pick up and go on simultaneously, the improvement in very big ground efficiency, and overall structure is reasonable, easy maintenance is dismantled and assembled, the operation fault rate is low.
Further, the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2 comprises,
a crushing roller 21, wherein the crushing roller 21 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1; the crushing roller 21 has an inlet and an outlet;
the crushing shaft 22 is arranged at the inlet of the crushing roller 21, the power transmission system 9 drives the crushing shaft 22 to rotate through a transmission shaft and a triangular belt, and the crushing shaft 22 is provided with a crushing blade 221;
the auger throwing cylinder 23, the auger throwing cylinder 23 has an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the auger throwing cylinder 23 is communicated with the outlet of the crushing roller 21;
a cotton stalk throwing channel 24, wherein the cotton stalk throwing channel 24 is communicated with the outlet of the packing auger throwing cylinder 23, and the outlet of the cotton stalk throwing channel 24 faces one side of the left side and the right side of the advancing direction;
and the throwing fan 25 is arranged on one side of the packing auger throwing cylinder 23 and is positioned in the cotton stalk throwing channel 24.
In the embodiment, a crushing roller 21 and a crushing shaft 22 are arranged to crush cotton stalks, and the crushing roller 21 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1; the crushing roller 21 has an inlet and an outlet; the crushing shaft 22 is arranged at the inlet of the crushing roller 21, the crushing blade 221 is arranged on the crushing shaft 22, the power transmission system 9 drives the crushing shaft 22 to rotate through a transmission shaft and a triangular belt to crush cotton stalks, the inlet of the auger throwing cylinder 23 is communicated with the outlet of the crushing roller 21, after the cotton stalks are crushed, the crushed cotton stalks are guided to the auger throwing cylinder 23 at the back through the crushing roller 21 on the shell, then the crushed cotton stalks are guided to one end with the throwing fan 25 through the auger shaft, finally the crushed cotton stalks are thrown to the land with the residual film collected through the throwing fan 25 and the cotton stalk throwing channel 24 and returned to the field, the throwing fan 25 is positioned in the cotton stalk throwing channel 24, the channel port of the cotton stalk throwing channel 24 faces to one side of the advancing direction, the influence of throwing the crushed cotton stalks on the normal work is avoided, through the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2, the cotton stalks standing up in the ground are cleaned up, and convenience is provided for picking up the residual films at the back.
Further, the residual film collecting device 3 comprises,
the residual film picking device 4 is arranged on the frame 1 and is positioned behind the cotton stalk crushing and returning device 2;
the residual film throwing device 5 is arranged on one side of the residual film picking device 4;
incomplete membrane collection box 6, incomplete membrane collection box 6 sets up in incomplete membrane throwing and send device 5 one side.
In this embodiment, incomplete membrane collection device 3 includes incomplete membrane pickup attachment 4, incomplete membrane is thrown and is sent device 5 and incomplete membrane collection box 6, incomplete membrane pickup attachment 4 is located behind cotton stalk smashes still field device 2, the effect is to pick up the incomplete membrane on earth's surface, incomplete membrane is thrown and is sent device 5 and is located incomplete membrane pickup attachment 4 back, be used for throwing the incomplete membrane that incomplete membrane pickup attachment 4 picked up to send the incomplete membrane behind incomplete membrane collection box 6 in, incomplete membrane collection box 6 sets up after incomplete membrane is thrown and is sent device 5, be used for concentrating and collect the incomplete membrane, the cooperation is coordinated to the triplex, can pack up the incomplete membrane on earth's surface high efficiency.
Further, the film raking device 7 comprises,
the film raking frame 71 is arranged on the residual film recycling box 6;
the film raking elastic teeth 72 are arranged side by side, gaps are formed between every two adjacent film raking elastic teeth 72, one end of each film raking elastic tooth 72 is arranged on the film raking frame 71, the other end of each film raking elastic tooth 72 is arc-shaped, and the film raking elastic teeth extend out of the film raking frame 71 and are used for being in contact with the ground;
the film picking device 73 is arranged on the film holding frame 71 in a rotating mode around a first direction, and the film holding elastic teeth 72 penetrate through the film picking device 73;
and the connecting rod mechanism 74, the connecting rod mechanism 74 and the film holding frame 71 form a four-bar mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism 74 extends out and is connected with the oil cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism 74 is connected with the film removing device 73.
In the embodiment, in order to rake the residual film which is not picked up completely and further reduce the content of the residual film in the land, the film raking device 7 is arranged, the film raking device 7 comprises a film raking frame 71, a film raking elastic tooth 72, a film picking device 73 and a connecting rod mechanism 74, the film raking frame 71 is mounted on the residual film recycling box 6, the film raking elastic tooth 72 and the connecting rod mechanism 74 are mounted on the film raking frame 71, the connecting rod mechanism 74 combines the film picking device 73 with the oil cylinder together, the film picking device 73 is retracted and pulled back around the shape of the film raking elastic tooth 72 through the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder, and the effects of raking the film and picking the film are achieved; the film raking elastic teeth 72 are arranged side by side, gaps are formed between every two adjacent film raking elastic teeth 72, one end of each film raking elastic tooth 72 is arranged on the film raking frame 71, the other end of each film raking elastic tooth is arc-shaped, and the film raking elastic teeth extend out of the film raking frame 71 and are used for being in contact with the ground; the first direction is the width direction of the working machine, and a part of the structure of the film picking device 73 is arranged in a gap between every two film raking elastic teeth 72 along the first direction, so that residual films on every film raking elastic tooth 72 can be picked conveniently.
Further, the residual film pickup device 4 includes,
a film-picking rotating device 41, the film-picking rotating device 41 comprises,
the film picking rotating shaft 411 rotates around the first direction, and the power transmission system 9 drives the film picking rotating shaft 411 to rotate through a chain wheel;
the number of the rotary tables 412 is two, the rotary tables 412 are arranged on two sides of the film picking rotating shaft 411, the rotary tables 412 are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped holes 416, and the arc-shaped holes 416 are arranged around the circumference of the film picking rotating shaft 411;
the film picking device 42, the film picking device 42 comprises,
the film picking beams 421, the number of the film picking beams 421 is the same as that of the arc-shaped holes 416 on each side, the film picking beams 421 are arranged in the arc-shaped holes 416 along the first direction, the film picking beams 421 are arranged in the arc-shaped holes 416 in a sliding manner along the arc-shaped direction of the arc-shaped holes 416, and two ends of the film picking beams 421 are provided with guide parts 422;
the film picking blades 423 are arranged on the film picking beam 421, and the film picking blades 423 are arranged along a first direction;
the number of the swing arms 424 is the same as that of the arc-shaped holes 416, one end of each swing arm 424 is rotatably arranged on the turntable 412, and the other end of each swing arm 424 is arranged on the film picking beam 421;
the external cam disc 43, the external cam disc 43 is set in framework 1, there are sliding grooves 431 on the external cam disc 43, the guide part 422 is set in sliding groove 431;
friction clutch sprocket assembly 44, friction clutch sprocket assembly 44 sets up in choosing membrane pivot 411 both sides, is connected with the spindle nose of choosing membrane pivot 411, and the drive is chosen membrane pivot 411 and is rotated.
In this embodiment, in order to pick up the residual film, the residual film pickup device 4 is provided, the residual film pickup device 4 includes a film picking rotating device 41, a film picking device 42, an external cam disc 43 and a friction clutch sprocket device 44, the film picking device 42 is provided on the film picking rotating device 41, the film picking device 42 pierces the residual film to pick up the residual film, the film picking rotating device 41 drives the film picking device 42 to rotate to roll up the picked residual film, a cam track is formed on the external cam disc 43, two ends of the film picking device 42 move on the external cam disc 43, the picked residual film is released after the film picking device 42 rotates to reach a designated position, and the external cam disc 43 is fixed on the external frame 1 to facilitate detachment and replacement. The friction clutch sprocket device 44 is arranged on two sides of the film picking device 42 through flat keys, transmission is carried out between the film picking device 42 and the film picking device through friction, when the film picking device 42 is clamped by stones or other hard objects or movement is limited, the required transmission friction force is larger than the set friction force, and the friction plate 442 clutch in the friction clutch sprocket device 44 can slide to play a protection role, so that all parts and key transmission parts of the friction clutch sprocket device are prevented from being damaged, and an overload protection role is provided.
In this embodiment, in order to pick up the residual film, a film picking beam 421 is provided, a film picking blade 423 is provided on the film picking beam 421, two ends of the film picking beam 421 are provided with guide portions 422, the guide portions 422 are slidably disposed in the arc-shaped holes 416 along the arc direction of the arc-shaped holes 416, one end of a swing arm 424 is rotatably disposed on the turntable 412, the other end of the swing arm 424 is disposed on the film picking beam 421 to drive the film picking beam 421 to slide in the arc-shaped holes 416, so that damage to the sliding groove 431 caused by the guide portions 422 due to reciprocating falling of the film picking shaft 411 in the arc-shaped holes 416 can be reduced, if the swing arm 424 is removed, the film picking beam 421 will fall completely by gravity, the guide portions 422 will cause a certain damage to the sliding groove 431, the service life of the sliding groove 431 will be reduced, the overall life of the swing arm can be improved well after the swing arm is increased, the film picking beam 421 slides in the arc-shaped holes 416 to drive the film picking blade 423 to go in and out of the blade shifting hole 417, the film picking blade 423 comes out of the blade 417, the plastic film residue can be pierced, and after the film residue picking blade 423 penetrates into the blade abdicating hole 417, the plastic film residue is separated from the blade, so that the plastic film residue is picked up and falls off.
A blade fixing seat is welded on the membrane picking beam 421; the part of the film picking blade 423, which is buried in the soil, is subjected to surfacing wear-resistant materials, so that the film picking blade 423 is more durable; choose to install on the membrane rotary device 41 and be equipped with 4 ~ 8 and choose membrane device 42, every is chosen to be equipped with 8 ~ 14 on the membrane device 42 and chooses membrane blade 423, and every is chosen membrane blade 423 and is fixed on choosing membrane roof beam 421 through the hank system hole bolt. One end of the film picking device 42 is fixed on the swing arm 424 of the film picking rotating device 41 by using a pin shaft, so that the film picking device 42 can rotate along with the film picking rotating device 41. The guide part 422 is a sealing runner, two ends of each membrane picking beam 421 are provided with the sealing runners, each sealing runner is composed of a bearing outer sleeve, a bearing, an oil seal, a grease nipple and a grease nipple protective cover, and the bearing is arranged on the membrane picking beam; the bearing outer sleeve is arranged on the bearing and positioned between the membrane picking beams of the bearing; the oil seal is arranged on the end face of the bearing far away from the film picking beam, and an oil seal hole is formed in the oil seal; the end parts of the shaft heads at the two ends of the film picking beam 421 are provided with oil filling channels, the inner wall of the film picking beam is provided with threads, and grease nipples are arranged on the threads and positioned in oil seal holes; the grease nozzle protective cover is arranged on the grease nozzle and is positioned in the grease seal hole; the bearing outer sleeve, the bearing and the oil seal are arranged on the shaft heads at the two ends of the film picking beam 421, so that the dustproof effect of the bearing is improved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged; when lubricating substances are required to be injected into the bearing, the grease nipple protective cover can be detached, and lubricating substances are added into the grease filling channel directly through the grease nipple formed in the end portions of the shaft heads at the two ends of the film picking beam 421, so that the service life of the bearing is prolonged again. In order to increase incomplete membrane recovery efficiency, avoid preceding one row of blade not to pierce the incomplete membrane, the incomplete membrane of later blade also all stings, will choose membrane blade 423 totality to set up to the spiral arrangement, not only pick up the incomplete membrane effectual, pick up the dust impurity on the incomplete membrane after also few.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate detachment and replacement, the external cam disks 43 on the left and right sides are respectively fixed on the frame 1 of the combined machine for returning cotton straws to the field and recovering residual films, the film picking beam 421 slides in the sliding groove 431, the sliding groove 431 is a cam groove to provide a specific running track for the film picking device 42, so that the film picking blade 423 on the film picking beam 421 reaches a specified position and then retracts into the film picking roller cover plate 415, and the residual films fall off from the blade, thereby meeting the design requirements of the device. The external cam plate 43 may be provided in two cases, the external cam plate 43 being a cam plate, the sliding groove 431 being a circular groove; the external cam plate 43 is a circular disk, and the slide groove 431 is a cam groove, as long as the film-picking beam 421 can form a cam track with respect to the film-picking rotation shaft 411.
The left and right sealing rotating wheels of the film picking device 42 are respectively arranged in the cam groove tracks of the left and right external cam plates 43, so that the film picking device 42 can move along with the cam groove tracks, and film picking blades 423 on different film picking devices 42 are forced to extend in a staggered mode. When choosing the rotatory time of membrane rotary device 41, choose membrane roof beam 421 along with the motion of cam groove orbit to simultaneously follow and choose membrane rotary device 41 synchronous revolution, and choose membrane roof beam 421 and do the swing arm 424 motion with the round pin axle fixed position of swing arm 424 as the centre of a circle at synchronous revolution in-process, choose membrane blade 423 in order to realize going into ground and stretch out and choose membrane cylinder apron 415, realize the ground surface plastic film residue and pick up the function, when moving to the top, choose membrane blade 423 to contract inside choosing membrane cylinder apron 415, realize the demoulding function.
Further, it is characterized in that the residual film throwing device 5 comprises,
the power transmission system 9 drives the throwing shaft 51 to rotate through a triangular belt wheel, and the throwing shaft 51 is positioned on one side of the film picking rotating device 41;
a throwing plate 52, the throwing plate 52 being disposed on the throwing shaft 51 in a first direction;
and the throwing shell 53, the throwing shell 53 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the throwing shell 53 is arranged outside the throwing shaft 51, the inlet of the throwing shell 53 is communicated with the outlet of the film picking rotating device 41, and the outlet of the throwing shell 53 faces the residual film recovery box 6.
In the embodiment, in order to avoid the accumulation of the lifted residual film, the residual film throwing device 5 is provided, and the residual film throwing device 5 comprises a throwing shaft 51, a throwing plate 52 and a throwing shell 53; the throwing shaft 51 is positioned on one side of the film picking rotating device 41, the power transmission system 9 drives the throwing shaft 51 to rotate through a triangle belt wheel, the throwing plate 52 is arranged on the throwing shaft 51 along a first direction, the throwing plate 52 holds the residual films and rotates to turn the residual films to the rear, the throwing shell 53 is arranged on the outer side of the throwing shaft 51 to prevent the residual films from flying out, the inlet of the throwing shell 53 is communicated with the throwing shaft 51, the residual films move in the throwing shell 53 after being separated from the throwing plate 52, the outlet of the throwing shell 53 faces the direction opposite to the advancing direction, and the residual films are thrown to the rear and collected.
Further, the residual film recycling tank 6 includes,
the fixed front cover plate 61 is arranged on the rack 1 and positioned on one side of the residual film throwing device 5;
the movable membrane box 62 is provided with an inlet, one end of the movable membrane box 62 is rotatably arranged on the fixed front cover plate 61, an opening is opened between the fixed front cover plate and the movable membrane box 62 after the movable membrane box is rotated, one end of the oil cylinder is arranged on the fixed front cover plate 61, the other end of the oil cylinder is arranged on the movable membrane box 62, and an outlet of the throwing shell 53 faces the inlet of the movable membrane box 62.
In this embodiment, in order to collect the plastic film residue, plastic film residue collection box 6 is provided, plastic film residue collection box 6 includes fixed front shroud 61 and movable membrane case 62, fixed front shroud 61 is fixed on frame 1, movable membrane case 62 upper end is connected with frame 1 with the pivot, install the one end at the hydro-cylinder through the round pin axle at the back, make movable membrane case 62 open and close through the extension and the shrink of hydro-cylinder, take out the plastic film residue after being convenient for plastic film residue collection box 6 fills, the export of throwing send shell 53 is towards the entry of movable membrane case 62, the plastic film residue breaks away from and just falls into movable membrane case 62 after throwing send shell 53.
Further, the film picking and rotating device 41 further comprises,
the roller bracket 413 is arranged on the turntable 412 and rotates along with the film picking rotating shaft 411;
a plurality of middle reinforcing disks 414, wherein the middle reinforcing disks 414 are arranged on the film picking rotating shaft 411 along the first direction and connected with the roller bracket 413;
choose membrane cylinder apron 415, choose membrane cylinder apron 415 to set up on roller support 413, choose membrane cylinder apron 415 to be a plurality of, choose membrane cylinder apron 415 middle outwards protrusion, choose membrane cylinder apron 415 to be provided with the blade hole of stepping down 417.
In this embodiment, in order to pick up the membrane spindle 411 and the carousel 412 support and keep stable, a roller support 413 and a middle reinforcing disc 414 are provided, the roller support 413 is disposed on the carousel 412 along the first direction, and is used for fixing the two carousels 412, and plays a role in avoiding mutual collision of the membrane picking beams 421, the middle reinforcing discs 414 are a plurality of, the middle reinforcing discs 414 are arranged on the membrane picking spindle 411 along the first direction, and are connected with the roller support 413, and are used for supporting the roller support 413 and stably picking the membrane picking beams 421. The film picking rotating shaft 411, the two side fixing disks, the middle reinforcing disk 414 and the roller bracket 413 are connected by bolts. Can be detached and installed independently, and is convenient to process and maintain.
In this embodiment, the film picking roller cover plate 415 is fixed on the frame of the film picking rotating device 41 by using bolts, blade yielding holes 417 are formed in the upper surface of the cover plate according to the blade position of the film picking device 42, the film picking blades 423 extend out of the yielding holes in the film picking roller cover plate 415 in a staggered manner, and the yielding holes in the film picking roller cover plate 415 are retracted in a staggered manner, so that the film picking blades 423 are used for picking the film in the ground, and the film is picked when the film is above the roller. The middle of the cover plate 415 of the film picking roller protrudes outwards, so that the lead is increased, the residual films can be picked more conveniently, and the phenomenon that the residual films cannot fall off the residual films can be well avoided.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A combined machine for crushing cotton stalks, returning the cotton stalks to the field and picking and recovering residual films is characterized by comprising,
a frame (1);
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device (2) is arranged at the front end of the rack (1);
the residual film collecting device (3) is arranged in the middle of the rack (1) after the cotton stalk crushing and returning device (2);
the film raking device (7) is arranged at the tail part of the rack (1);
the walking device (8), the walking device (8) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1);
the cotton stalk crushing and returning device (2), the residual film collecting device (3) and the film raking device (7) are connected with the power transmission system (9);
the residual film collecting device (3) comprises,
the residual film picking device (4) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned behind the cotton stalk crushing and returning device (2);
the residual film throwing device (5), wherein the residual film throwing device (5) is arranged on one side of the residual film picking device (4);
the residual film recycling box (6), wherein the residual film recycling box (6) is arranged on one side of the residual film throwing device (5);
the residual film pickup device (4) comprises a film picking rotating device (41), the film picking rotating device (41) comprises,
the film picking rotating shaft (411) rotates around a first direction, and the power transmission system (9) drives the film picking rotating shaft (411) to rotate through a chain wheel;
the number of the rotary tables (412) is two, the rotary tables (412) are arranged on two sides of the film picking rotating shaft (411), arc-shaped holes (416) are formed in the rotary tables (412), and the arc-shaped holes (416) are arranged in a circumferential mode around the film picking rotating shaft (411);
a membrane picking device (42), the membrane picking device (42) comprises,
the film picking beams (421), the number of the film picking beams (421) is the same as that of the arc-shaped holes (416) on each side, the film picking beams (421) are arranged in the arc-shaped holes (416) along a first direction, the film picking beams (421) are arranged in the arc-shaped holes (416) in a sliding manner along the arc-shaped direction of the arc-shaped holes (416), and two ends of each film picking beam (421) are provided with guide parts (422);
the film picking blades (423) are arranged on the film picking beam (421), and the film picking blades (423) are arranged in a first direction;
the number of the swing arms (424) is the same as that of the arc-shaped holes (416), one end of each swing arm (424) is rotatably arranged on the turntable (412), and the other end of each swing arm (424) is arranged on the film picking beam (421);
the external cam disc (43) is arranged on the frame (1), a sliding groove (431) is formed in the external cam disc (43), and the guide part (422) is arranged in the sliding groove (431) in a sliding manner;
friction clutch sprocket assembly (44), friction clutch sprocket assembly (44) set up choose membrane pivot (411) both sides, with the spindle nose of choosing membrane pivot (411) is connected, the drive choose membrane pivot (411) to rotate.
2. The combined machine for crushing and returning cotton stalks and picking up and recovering residual films as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cotton stalk crushing and returning device (2) comprises,
the crushing roller (21), the crushing roller (21) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1); the crushing drum (21) having an inlet and an outlet;
the crushing shaft (22), the crushing shaft (22) is arranged at the inlet of the crushing roller (21), the power transmission system (9) drives the crushing shaft (22) to rotate through a transmission shaft and a triangular belt, and the crushing shaft (22) is provided with a crushing blade (221);
the packing auger throwing cylinder (23), the packing auger throwing cylinder (23) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the packing auger throwing cylinder (23) is communicated with the outlet of the crushing roller (21);
the cotton stalk throwing channel (24), the cotton stalk throwing channel (24) is communicated with the outlet of the packing auger throwing cylinder (23), and the outlet of the cotton stalk throwing channel (24) faces to one side of the left side and the right side of the advancing direction;
and the throwing fan (25) is arranged on one side of the packing auger throwing cylinder (23) and is positioned in the cotton stalk throwing channel (24).
3. The combined machine for crushing and returning cotton stalks and picking up and recovering residual films as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film raking device (7) comprises,
the film raking frame (71), and the film raking frame (71) is arranged on the residual film recycling box (6);
the film raking elastic teeth (72) are arranged side by side, gaps are formed between every two adjacent film raking elastic teeth (72), one end of each film raking elastic tooth (72) is arranged on the film raking frame (71), the other end of each film raking elastic tooth is arc-shaped, and the film raking elastic teeth extend out of the film raking frame (71) and are used for being in contact with the ground;
the film picking device (73) is arranged on the film holding frame (71) in a rotating mode around a first direction, and the film holding elastic teeth (72) penetrate through the film picking device (73);
and the connecting rod mechanism (74) and the film raking frame (71) form a four-connecting-rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism (74) extends out and is connected with the oil cylinder, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the film picking device (73).
4. The combined machine for crushing and returning cotton stalks and picking up and recovering residual films as claimed in claim 1, wherein the residual film throwing device (5) comprises,
the power transmission system (9) drives the throwing shaft (51) to rotate through a triangular belt wheel, and the throwing shaft (51) is positioned on one side of the film picking rotating device (41);
a throwing plate (52), wherein the throwing plate (52) is arranged on the throwing shaft (51) along a first direction;
the throwing shell (53) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the throwing shell (53) is arranged on the outer side of the throwing shaft (51), the inlet of the throwing shell (53) is communicated with the outlet of the film picking rotating device (41), and the outlet of the throwing shell (53) faces the residual film recovery box (6).
5. The combined machine for crushing and returning cotton stalks and picking and recovering residual films as claimed in claim 4, wherein the residual film recovery box (6) comprises,
the fixed front cover plate (61), the fixed front cover plate (61) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned on one side of the residual film throwing device (5);
the movable membrane box (62), movable membrane box (62) has the entry, movable membrane box (62) one end is rotated and is set up on fixed front shroud (61), and open an opening after rotating between the two, and hydro-cylinder one end sets up on fixed front shroud (61), the other end sets up on the movable membrane box (62), the export orientation of throwing shell (53) the entry of movable membrane box (62).
6. The combined machine for crushing and returning cotton stalks and picking up and recovering residual films as claimed in claim 4, wherein said film picking rotating device (41) further comprises,
the roller bracket (413) is arranged on the rotary disc (412) and rotates along with the film picking rotating shaft (411);
the number of the middle reinforcing disks (414) is several, the middle reinforcing disks (414) are arranged on the film picking rotating shaft (411) along a first direction and are connected with the roller bracket (413);
choose membrane cylinder apron (415), choose membrane cylinder apron (415) to set up on roller support (413), it is a plurality of to choose membrane cylinder apron (415), choose outside protrusion in the middle of membrane cylinder apron (415), it steps down hole (417) to be provided with the blade on membrane cylinder apron (415) to choose.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011118023.4A CN112273040B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Cotton stalk crushing returning and residual film picking and recovering combined machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011118023.4A CN112273040B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Cotton stalk crushing returning and residual film picking and recovering combined machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112273040A CN112273040A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112273040B true CN112273040B (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011118023.4A Active CN112273040B (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Cotton stalk crushing returning and residual film picking and recovering combined machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113079723B (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2022-09-16 | 长江大学 | Straw is smashed and is retrieved all-in-one with plastic film |
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