CN112266297A - Pesticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol and application thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112266297A CN112266297A CN202011189408.XA CN202011189408A CN112266297A CN 112266297 A CN112266297 A CN 112266297A CN 202011189408 A CN202011189408 A CN 202011189408A CN 112266297 A CN112266297 A CN 112266297A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
Abstract
The invention discloses a pesticide fertilizer granule containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol, which comprises the following raw materials: the invention discloses a pesticide fertilizer granule containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol, which can promote the growth and development of crops, improve the soil quality, prevent insects and kill insects, play a role in sterilization and fertilization, save the pesticide application cost, has good insecticidal effect and good synergistic effect by adding the metalaxyl-M and the hymexazol for compounding, can delay the drug resistance of germs to a single medicament, can control the release of fertilizers by adding the coating agent, effectively guarantee the scientific release of pesticides and fertilizers, and prolong the lasting period of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide fertilizers, in particular to pesticide fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol and application thereof.
Background
The pesticide fertilizer is a novel ecological compound fertilizer formed by mixing pesticide and fertilizer according to a certain proportion formula and stabilizing the fertilizer and the pesticide in a specific compound system through a certain process technology, and the fertilizer is generally used as a pesticide carrier. For the sustainable development of contemporary agriculture, medical manures are a new attempt to support and drive modern agriculture with powerful technology. The pesticide fertilizer can combine two operation steps in the field, which not only saves labor force, but also reduces time and energy consumption.
The existing pesticide fertilizer granules only use a single pesticide, have relatively poor pesticide effect, have the problem of large dosage during use, and are easy to generate drug resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a granular formulation of a medicinal fertilizer containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol and use thereof to solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the pesticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of fertilizer, 10-20 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 10-20 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 6-16 parts of modified bentonite, 2-6 parts of metalaxyl-M, 1-5 parts of hymexazol, 3-7 parts of brassinolide, 6-12 parts of humic acid, 2-8 parts of coating agent and 20-30 parts of filler.
In one alternative: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of fertilizer, 12-18 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 13-17 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 8-14 parts of modified bentonite, 3-5 parts of metalaxyl-M, 2-4 parts of hymexazol, 4-6 parts of brassinolide, 7-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of coating agent and 23-27 parts of filler.
In one alternative: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 15 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 11 parts of modified bentonite, 4 parts of metalaxyl-M, 3 parts of hymexazol, 5 parts of brassinolide, 9 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of coating agent and 25 parts of filler.
In one alternative: the insecticidal plant extract is obtained by extracting one or more of marigold, maidenhair, ageratum conyzoides, fagoya grandiflora and oleander.
In one alternative: the extraction method of the insecticidal plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning and crushing the insecticidal plants, transferring the insecticidal plants to a water bath kettle at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and filtering and separating to obtain insecticidal plant soaking liquid and insecticidal plant soaking residues; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4-5, performing reflux distillation for 1-2 hours, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the above soaking solution and distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1-1.1 to obtain extractive solution.
In one alternative: the preparation method of the pokeberry plant extracting solution comprises the following steps: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants, and adding 6-8 times of water; then adding yeast powder 4-6% and glycerol 2-5%, and sterilizing at 110-; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 100-200:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:3-5, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 30-40h, so as to obtain the required extracting solution.
In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent which is 8-10% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to 5-6 by using sulfuric acid, then adding aucubin which is 1-5% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60-70 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2-3 hours, adding stearic acid which is 2-6% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite.
In one alternative: the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon according to the mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing.
In one alternative: the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: soaking fumed silica in acid solution under heating condition, adjusting pH to 6-8, and drying; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
In one alternative: the filler is any one of resin, soil bran, paraffin and methyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the medicinal fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion;
2) crushing a fertilizer, modified bentonite and a filler, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
3) fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B;
4) mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core;
5) and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
The pesticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol can be applied to the fields of vegetable, fruit trees, cotton and grain planting.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can promote the growth and development of crops, improve the soil quality, also have insect prevention and killing effects, play a role in sterilization and fertilization, save the cost of pesticide application, through adding the plant extract of the insecticide, utilize the extract of the plant to kill insects, it is more green and environment-friendly, through adding metalaxyl-M and hymexazol to carry on the compounding, the insecticidal effect is good, have very good synergistic interaction, can delay the drug resistance of germ to single medicament at the same time, through adding the plant extract of the pokeberry, generally contain 2-3% of nitrogen, 0.3-0.6% of phosphorus, 2-4% of potassium, other dry matter 9-31% in the fresh stem and leaf of pokeberry, its fertilizer efficiency is very apparent after fermenting, meanwhile, through fermenting and fully extracting the extract in the fruit of pokeberry, have very good insecticidal effect, through adding the film-coating agent, can, The fertilizer is scientifically released, and the lasting period of the product is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any obvious modifications or variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Firstly, preparing an insecticidal plant extract: cleaning and crushing the insecticidal plant, transferring the insecticidal plant to a water bath kettle at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 1 hour, and filtering and separating to obtain an insecticidal plant soaking solution and insecticidal plant soaking residues; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4 for reflux distillation for 1 hour, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the insecticidal plant soaking solution and the insecticidal plant distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 1 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1 to obtain insecticidal plant extract;
then preparing pokeberry plant extract: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants and adding 6 times of water; then adding yeast powder 4% and glycerol 2%, and sterilizing at 110 deg.C; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 100:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:3, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 30 hours, so as to obtain a required extracting solution;
then preparing modified bentonite: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water which is 3 times of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent which is 8% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to be 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding aucubin which is 1% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, adding stearic acid which is 2% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite;
weighing 40 parts of fertilizer, 10 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 10 parts of phytolacca acinosa plant extract, 6 parts of modified bentonite, 2 parts of metalaxyl-M, 1 part of hymexazol, 3 parts of brassinolide, 6 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of coating agent and 20 parts of resin according to the proportion, wherein humic acid contains various nutrient components required by plants and improves the soil quality, the brassinolide can promote the leaf color to be dark green, the sword leaf to be tall and straight and promote photosynthesis, so that the thousand grain weight, the mu spike number and the spike number are increased, and the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon in a mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: after the fumed silica is soaked in an acid solution under the heating condition, the pH value is adjusted to 6, and drying treatment is carried out; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
Finally, crushing the fertilizer, the modified bentonite and the resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B; mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core; and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
Example 2
Firstly, preparing an insecticidal plant extract: the insecticidal plant is maidenhair, the insecticidal plant is cleaned and crushed, then transferred to a water bath kettle at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 1 hour, and filtered and separated to obtain insecticidal plant soaking liquid and insecticidal plant soaking slag; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4 for reflux distillation for 1 hour, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the insecticidal plant soaking solution and the insecticidal plant distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 1 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1 to obtain insecticidal plant extract;
then preparing pokeberry plant extract: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants and adding 6 times of water; then adding yeast powder 4% and glycerol 2%, and sterilizing at 110 deg.C; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 100:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:3, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 30 hours, so as to obtain a required extracting solution;
then preparing modified bentonite: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water which is 3 times of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent which is 8% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to be 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding aucubin which is 1% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, adding stearic acid which is 2% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite;
weighing 45 parts of fertilizer, 12 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 13 parts of phytolacca acinosa plant extract, 8 parts of modified bentonite, 3 parts of metalaxyl-M, 2 parts of hymexazol, 4 parts of brassinolide, 7 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of coating agent and 23 parts of soil bran according to the proportion, wherein humic acid contains various nutrient components required by plants and improves the soil quality, the brassinolide can promote the leaf color to be dark green, the sword leaf to be tall and straight and promote photosynthesis, so that the thousand grain weight, the mu spike number and the spike number are increased, and the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon in a mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: after the fumed silica is soaked in an acid solution under the heating condition, the pH value is adjusted to 6, and drying treatment is carried out; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
Finally, crushing the fertilizer, the modified bentonite and the soil bran, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B; mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core; and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
Example 3
Firstly, preparing an insecticidal plant extract: the insecticidal plant is ageratum conyzoides, the insecticidal plant is cleaned and crushed, then transferred to a 65 ℃ water bath pot for 1.5 hours, and filtered and separated to obtain insecticidal plant soaking liquid and insecticidal plant soaking slag; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4.5, carrying out reflux distillation for 1.5 hours, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the insecticidal plant soaking solution and the insecticidal plant distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 1.5 hours, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1 to obtain insecticidal plant extract;
then preparing pokeberry plant extract: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants and adding 7 times of water; then adding 5% of yeast powder and 3% of glycerol, and sterilizing at 120 ℃; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 150:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:4, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 35 hours, so as to obtain a required extracting solution;
then preparing modified bentonite: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water with the weight 4 times that of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 9% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to be 5 by using sulfuric acid, adding aucubin accounting for 3% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours, adding stearic acid accounting for 4% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite;
weighing 50 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 15 parts of phytolacca acinosa plant extract, 11 parts of modified bentonite, 4 parts of metalaxyl-M, 3 parts of hymexazol, 5 parts of brassinolide, 9 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of coating agent and 25 parts of paraffin according to the proportion, wherein the humic acid contains various nutrient components required by plants and improves the soil quality, the brassinolide can promote the leaf color to be dark green, the sword leaf to be tall and straight and promote the photosynthesis, so that the thousand grain weight, the mu spike number and the spike number are increased, and the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon in a mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: after the fumed silica is soaked in an acid solution under the heating condition, the pH value is adjusted to 7, and drying treatment is carried out; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
Finally, crushing the fertilizer, the modified bentonite and the paraffin, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B; mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core; and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
Example 4
Firstly, preparing an insecticidal plant extract: cleaning and crushing the insecticidal plant which is the fava, transferring the insecticidal plant into a water bath kettle at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours, and filtering and separating to obtain insecticidal plant soaking liquid and insecticidal plant soaking residues; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:5 for reflux distillation for 2 hours, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the insecticidal plant soaking solution and the insecticidal plant distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 2 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1.1 to obtain insecticidal plant extract;
then preparing pokeberry plant extract: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants and adding 8 times of water; then adding 6% of yeast powder and 5% of glycerol, and sterilizing at 130 ℃; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 200:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:5, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 40 hours, so as to obtain a required extracting solution;
then preparing modified bentonite: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water which is 5 times of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent which is 10% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to be 6 by using sulfuric acid, adding aucubin which is 5% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, adding stearic acid which is 6% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite;
55 parts of fertilizer, 18 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 17 parts of phytolacca acinosa plant extract, 14 parts of modified bentonite, 5 parts of metalaxyl-M, 4 parts of hymexazol, 6 parts of brassinolide, 11 parts of humic acid, 6 parts of coating agent and 27 parts of methyl cellulose are weighed according to the proportion, the humic acid contains various nutrient components required by plants, and the soil quality is improved, wherein the brassinolide can promote the dark green leaf color, the tallest leaf is tall and straight, and the photosynthesis is promoted, so that the thousand grain weight, the mu spike number and the spike number are increased, and the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon in a mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: after the fumed silica is soaked in an acid solution under the heating condition, the pH value is adjusted to 8, and drying treatment is carried out; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
Finally, crushing the fertilizer, the modified bentonite and the methyl cellulose, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B; mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core; and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
Example 5
Firstly, preparing an insecticidal plant extract: cleaning and crushing the insecticidal plant, transferring the insecticidal plant into a water bath kettle at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, and filtering and separating to obtain an insecticidal plant soaking solution and insecticidal plant soaking residues; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:5 for reflux distillation for 2 hours, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the insecticidal plant soaking solution and the insecticidal plant distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 2 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1.1 to obtain insecticidal plant extract;
then preparing pokeberry plant extract: pulverizing Phytolacca acinosa plants and adding 8 times of water; then adding 6% of yeast powder and 5% of glycerol, and sterilizing at 130 ℃; adding a composite strain consisting of bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria into the sterilized pokeberry plant, wherein the weight ratio of the pokeberry plant to the composite strain is 200:1, and the inoculation amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the lactic acid bacteria is 1:5, and performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is controlled to be 40 hours, so as to obtain a required extracting solution;
then preparing modified bentonite: the preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the steps of taking bentonite, adding the bentonite into water which is 5 times of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adding a tin coupling agent which is 10% of the weight of the bentonite, adjusting the pH value to be 6 by using sulfuric acid, adding aucubin which is 5% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, adding stearic acid which is 6% of the weight of the bentonite, uniformly stirring, and drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified bentonite;
weighing 60 parts of fertilizer, 20 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 20 parts of phytolacca acinosa plant extract, 16 parts of modified bentonite, 6 parts of metalaxyl-M, 5 parts of hymexazol, 7 parts of brassinolide, 12 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of coating agent and 30 parts of methyl cellulose according to the proportion, wherein the humic acid contains various nutrient components required by plants and improves the soil quality, the brassinolide can promote the dark green leaf color, the taller leaf and the photosynthesis, so that the thousand grain weight, the mu spike number and the spike number are increased, and the preparation method of the coating agent comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and modified gas silicon in a mass ratio of 6:1:1, adding the polyvinyl alcohol into a reaction kettle, heating to 90 ℃ while stirring, adding the chitosan into the reaction kettle, cooling to 70 ℃ while stirring, preserving heat for reaction for 1h, then adding the modified gas silicon, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the preparation method of the modified gas silicon comprises the following steps: after the fumed silica is soaked in an acid solution under the heating condition, the pH value is adjusted to 8, and drying treatment is carried out; and (3) placing the dried gas-phase silicon dioxide under the steam of tetramethyl tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane, and contacting and reacting in a fluidized bed to obtain the modified gas-silicon.
Finally, crushing the fertilizer, the modified bentonite and the methyl cellulose, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; fully stirring and mixing the insecticidal plant extract, the pokeberry plant extract, the modified bentonite, the metalaxyl-M, the hymexazol, the brassinolide and the humic acid to obtain a mixture B; mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, then uniformly stirring, and extruding and granulating by using an extrusion granulator to obtain a drug fertilizer core; and then spraying the coating agent on the surface of the pesticide fertilizer inner core to obtain the pesticide fertilizer granules.
Control group: a commercially available pesticide fertilizer granule product;
comparative example 1
On the basis of example 3, metalaxyl-M is not contained;
comparative example 2
Based on the example 3, no hymexazol is contained;
comparative example 3
On the basis of example 3, no metalaxyl-M and hymexazol are contained;
experiment one
Toxicity test
Preparation of reagents: respectively preparing reagents from examples 1-5, comparative examples 1-3 and a control group, wherein the mass ratio of the pesticide fertilizer particles to water is 1: 100;
preparing a test material: selecting healthy and active Chilo suppressalis of 4-6 days old, which are bred indoors and have consistent individual sizes, shearing a double-sided adhesive tape into 4cm long, sticking the double-sided adhesive tape to one end of a glass slide, selecting the healthy Chilo suppressalis under a microscope, picking up a plurality of Chilo suppressalis by using a capillary pen, sticking the backs of the Chilo suppressalis to the double-sided adhesive (avoiding sticking Chilo suppressalis feet and whiskers), placing 40 heads of each Chilo suppressalis into a container filled with wet sponges, covering the container with a cover, placing the container in a room temperature environment, performing microscopic examination after 2 hours, removing dead and injured individuals, and supplementing 40 heads of each Chilo suppressalis.
The test method comprises the following steps: the above slides with chilo suppressalis adhered thereon were immersed in the reagents prepared in examples 1-5, comparative examples 1-3 and control group, respectively, gently shaken and then taken out, excess liquid medicine was sucked off with absorbent paper, placed in a white porcelain dish lined with wet sponge, covered with plastic film with good light transmittance, and the test was repeated 5 times for each group of reagents.
Feeding and observing: and (3) breeding and observing the test insects at normal temperature under the conditions that the humidity is 60-70% and the photoperiod is L: D ═ 16:8) h, adjusting difference results after 48h, and recording the total number of insects and the number of death. Criteria for death: the body of the insect is touched with the brush pen and cannot move. The virulence determinations obtained by the above tests are shown in table 1 below:
| group of | Total insect number (head) | Number of dead insects (head) | The mortality rate is% |
| Example 1 | 200 | 187 | 93.5 |
| Example 2 | 200 | 188 | 94 |
| Example 3 | 200 | 192 | 96 |
| Example 4 | 200 | 187 | 93.5 |
| Example 5 | 200 | 186 | 93 |
| Comparative example 1 | 200 | 167 | 83.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 200 | 168 | 84 |
| Comparative example 3 | 200 | 156 | 78 |
| Control group | 200 | 116 | 58 |
The results show that the product has good insecticidal effect, the insecticidal effect is improved by adding the metalaxyl-M and the hymexazol for compounding, and the metalaxyl-M and the hymexazol have good synergistic effect.
Test No. two
Test for increasing yield of rice
Preparation of reagents: the drug granules obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were used as a control, and the drug granules were purchased as a commercial product of the control, and water was prepared as a blank control.
The test method comprises the following steps: the reagent is respectively acted on 10 rice fields with consistent growth vigor in the growth period, the application amount is 1.5 kg/mu, and then the yield of the rice in the season is measured, so that the rice yield increase measurement result is shown in table 2:
| group of | Yield (KG/mu) | Increase of yield |
| Example 1 | 524.5 | 20.3 |
| Example 2 | 531.4 | 21.7 |
| Example 3 | 538.6 | 23.4 |
| Example 4 | 532.1 | 21.9 |
| Example 5 | 526.4 | 20.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 512.6 | 17.4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 513.4 | 17.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 503.8 | 15.4 |
| Commercially available product | 465.5 | 6.6 |
| Water (W) | 436.5 | -- |
As can be seen from the results in the table above, the product can greatly improve the yield of rice.
The invention can promote the growth and development of crops, improve the soil quality, also has insect prevention and killing effects, plays a role in double functions of sterilization and fertilization, saves the pesticide application cost, kills insects by utilizing plant extracts through adding insecticidal plant extract, is more environment-friendly, can absorb more effective cost through modifying bentonite, improves the pesticide and fertilizer effect, simultaneously can delay the volatilization of effective components through adsorption force, has a certain slow release effect, prolongs the pesticide and fertilizer aging, has good insecticidal effect and good synergistic effect through adding the metalaxyl-M and the hymexazol for compounding, can delay the drug resistance of germs to a single medicament, generally contains 2-3% of nitrogen, 0.3-0.6% of phosphorus, 2-4% of potassium and 9-31% of other dry substances through adding the phytolacca plant extract, the fertilizer efficiency is very obvious after fermentation, meanwhile, the extract in the phytolacca acinosa fruits is fully extracted through fermentation, the phytolacca acinosa has a good insecticidal effect, and the phytolacca acinosa has an obvious enrichment effect on manganese, so that the soil can be well improved, and the phytolacca acinosa fruits are more environment-friendly; by adding the coating agent, the release of the fertilizer can be controlled, the scientific release of the pesticide and the fertilizer is effectively ensured, and the lasting period of the product is prolonged.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The pesticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol are characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of fertilizer, 10-20 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 10-20 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 6-16 parts of modified bentonite, 2-6 parts of metalaxyl-M, 1-5 parts of hymexazol, 3-7 parts of brassinolide, 6-12 parts of humic acid, 2-8 parts of coating agent and 20-30 parts of filler.
2. The insecticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol according to claim 1, which are characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of fertilizer, 12-18 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 13-17 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 8-14 parts of modified bentonite, 3-5 parts of metalaxyl-M, 2-4 parts of hymexazol, 4-6 parts of brassinolide, 7-11 parts of humic acid, 4-6 parts of coating agent and 23-27 parts of filler.
3. The insecticide-fertilizer granules containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of insecticidal plant extract, 15 parts of pokeberry plant extract, 11 parts of modified bentonite, 4 parts of metalaxyl-M, 3 parts of hymexazol, 5 parts of brassinolide, 9 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of coating agent and 25 parts of filler.
4. The granule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insecticidal plant extract is extracted from one or more of marigold, maidenhair, ageratum, aster crepidioides, oleander.
5. The insecticide-fertilizer granule containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction method of the insecticidal plant extract is as follows: cleaning and crushing the insecticidal plants, transferring the insecticidal plants to a water bath kettle at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and filtering and separating to obtain insecticidal plant soaking liquid and insecticidal plant soaking residues; drying the insecticidal plant soaking residues, adding the dried insecticidal plant soaking residues into absolute ethyl alcohol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4-5, performing reflux distillation for 1-2 hours, and separating to obtain insecticidal plant distillate and insecticidal plant residues; mixing the above soaking solution and distillate, adding sodium bicarbonate, stirring, standing for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to relative density of 1-1.1 to obtain extractive solution.
6. The granule for insecticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol as claimed in claim 1, wherein said filler is any one of resin, earth bran, paraffin wax and methyl cellulose.
7. The use of the granules of medical fertilizer containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the granules of medical fertilizer containing metalaxyl-M and hymexazol are used in the fields of vegetable, fruit tree, cotton and food planting.
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