CN112251881A - 一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112251881A
CN112251881A CN202010915063.5A CN202010915063A CN112251881A CN 112251881 A CN112251881 A CN 112251881A CN 202010915063 A CN202010915063 A CN 202010915063A CN 112251881 A CN112251881 A CN 112251881A
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cutting
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yarn
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陈明宏
陈安邦
张永秀
潘六一
戴月萍
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Fujian Changyuan Textile Co ltd
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    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
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    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
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    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
    • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
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    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
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    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D10B2321/0211—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene high-strength or high-molecular-weight polyethylene, e.g. ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene [UHMWPE]

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1：将长丝纱芯(UHMWPE)及包复短纤维粗纱复合形成抗切割阻燃纱，所述长丝纱芯采用超高分子量聚乙烯材料，短纤维粗纱采用诺梅克斯材料；步骤2：制备改性的经线和纬线：将抗切割阻燃纱进行上浆处理，上浆剂为聚乙烯醇和淀粉加水煮沸的混合浆液，其中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1～2，上浆后室温下晾晒4小时，获得改性后的经线和纬线，本发明所述织物是中的经纬线采用长丝纱芯(UHMWPE)及包复短纤维粗纱(Nomex)复合而形成。包芯纱具备长丝(刚性丝)强力高，外面包以短纤维纱又使包芯纱具有Nomex的阻燃特性,同时亦能保有UHMWPE高强度，这对于应用于阻燃耐切割织物上提供优秀的防护效益。

Description

一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及织物技术领域，具体是一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法。
背景技术
美国、日本及欧洲的发达国家对防护服面料的研究和开发较早，热防护服在许多行业中都已得到广泛的应用。目前已制订并实施了一系列先进和完善的防护服面料、热防护服产品标准和测试方法标准，可以系统地设计、开发和生产各类热防护服，并较好地测试和评价热防护服的热防护性能，新型消防员灭火防护服由阻燃层、防水透气层、隔热层和舒适层组成，然而现有的阻燃层的阻燃效果并不好，极限氧指数较低，并且在高温状态下容易产生熔滴，进而造成对身体表面产生伤害。
针对以上问题，现在提出一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1：将长丝纱芯(UHMWPE)及包复短纤维粗纱复合形成抗切割阻燃纱，所述长丝纱芯采用超高分子量聚乙烯材料，短纤维粗纱采用诺梅克斯材料；
步骤2：制备改性的经线和纬线：将抗切割阻燃纱进行上浆处理，上浆剂为聚乙烯醇和淀粉加水煮沸的混合浆液，其中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1：1～2:1，上浆后室温下晾晒4小时，获得改性后的经线和纬线；
步骤3：获取初步织物：对改性后的经纬线上机织造，经线密度和纬线密度为32～36根/cm，从而得到克重在300g/m2～400g/m2的复丝织物；
步骤4：将步骤3织造好的复丝织物进行上浆液清洗：首先将步骤3得到的复丝织物置于浓度为3mol/L的碱性溶液中，煮沸50～70分钟取出后烘干，然后再用石油醚超声清洗50～70分钟，烘干后冷却至室温，从而得到目标耐高温阻燃织物，其厚度在2mm～4mm之间。
优选的，步骤4中的碱性溶液为氢氧化钠溶液。
优选的，步骤4中烘干采用紫外灯配合吹风机鼓风进行烘干。
优选的，步骤2中获得的改性经线和纬线通过表面带有打磨层的筒状物进行打磨操作，通过将经线和纬线紧压筒状物，然后使得经线和纬线在传输的过程中不断的转动，从而使得经线和纬线表面趋于光滑。
优选的，步骤4中通过石油醚超声清完毕后再置入清水池中，保持清洗温度为30度，保证水流流速为5米每秒，清洗一小时后烘干。
优选的，步骤4中煮沸时间为65分钟。
优选的，步骤2中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1.5：1。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明所述织物中的经纬线采用长丝纱芯(UHMWPE)及包复短纤维粗纱(Nomex)复合而形成。包芯纱具备长丝(刚性丝)强力高，外面包以短纤维纱又使包芯纱具有Nomex的阻燃特性,同时亦能保有UHMWPE高强度、高模量特性，这对于应用于阻燃耐切割织物上提供优秀的防护效益；
另外在经纬线外侧设置改性层，继承聚醚醚酮纤维优异的阻燃性，耐磨性，断裂强度高，具有自熄性的特点。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例中，一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1：将长丝纱芯(UHMWPE)及包复短纤维粗纱复合形成抗切割阻燃纱，所述长丝纱芯采用超高分子量聚乙烯材料，短纤维粗纱采用诺梅克斯材料；
步骤2：制备改性的经线和纬线：将抗切割阻燃纱进行上浆处理，上浆剂为聚乙烯醇和淀粉加水煮沸的混合浆液，其中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1：1～2:1(优选1.5：1)，上浆后室温下晾晒4小时，获得改性后的经线和纬线，获得的改性经线和纬线通过表面带有打磨层的筒状物进行打磨操作，通过将经线和纬线紧压筒状物，然后使得经线和纬线在传输的过程中不断的转动，从而使得经线和纬线表面趋于光滑；
步骤3：获取初步织物：对改性后的经纬线上机织造，经线密度和纬线密度为32～36根/cm，从而得到克重在300g/m2～400g/m2的复丝织物；
步骤4：将步骤3织造好的复丝织物进行上浆液清洗：首先将步骤3得到的复丝织物置于浓度为3mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中，煮沸50～70(优选65度)分钟取出后烘干，然后再用石油醚超声清洗50～70分钟，通过石油醚超声清完毕后再置入清水池中，保持清洗温度为30度，保证水流流速为5米每秒，清洗一小时后烘干冷却至室温，从而得到目标耐高温阻燃织物，其厚度在2mm～4mm之间，烘干采用紫外灯配合吹风机鼓风进行烘干。
性能检测：将两层织物卷筒形成一个直径4mm筒条，在任意一端50mm处划线，将另外一端插入燃烧柱内式样夹进行试验，进行10次试验，以能够支持燃烧50mm长度的最低氧气浓度即为该种材料的极限氧指数。表1为10次试验所测极限氧指数数值；
表一：
Figure BDA0002664731730000031
氧指数高表示材料不易燃烧，氧指数低表示材料容易燃烧，一般认为氧指数<22％属于易燃材料，氧指数在22％---27％之间属可燃材料，氧指数>27％属难燃材料，
很明显本申请所生产出来的材料远远高于27这个数值，具有很好的阻燃效果；
裂伸长率和断裂强力的测试：
经线5个规格为100mm×50mm样条进行等速拉伸测试，纬线5个规格为100mm×50mm样条进行等速拉伸测试。经向五次拉伸测试实验之后PEEK平纹织物的经向断裂伸长率在20％～30％之间，断裂强力在1000N～1200N之间，纬向断裂伸长率在20％～30％之间，平均值为16.84％，断裂强力在1000N～1200N之间，均达到同类产品较高水平；
序号 1 2 3 4 5
经线 1080N 1108N 1150N 1200N 1180
25.5％ 20％ 30％ 22.5％ 28.5％
纬线 1010N 1115N 1000N 1200N 1121N
20％ 21％ 27％ 30％ 27.5％
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将长丝纱芯及包复短纤维粗纱复合形成抗切割阻燃纱，所述长丝纱芯采用超高分子量聚乙烯材料，短纤维粗纱采用诺梅克斯材料；
步骤2：制备改性的经线和纬线：将抗切割阻燃纱进行上浆处理，上浆剂为聚乙烯醇和淀粉加水煮沸的混合浆液，其中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1：1～2:1，上浆后室温下晾晒4小时，获得改性后的经线和纬线；
步骤3：获取初步织物：对改性后的经纬线上机织造，经线密度和纬线密度为32～36根/cm，从而得到克重在300g/m2～400g/m2的复丝织物；
步骤4：将步骤3织造好的复丝织物进行上浆液清洗：首先将步骤3得到的复丝织物置于浓度为3mol/L的碱性溶液中，煮沸50～70分钟取出后烘干，然后再用石油醚超声清洗50～70分钟，烘干后冷却至室温，从而得到目标耐高温阻燃织物，其厚度在2mm～4mm之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4中的碱性溶液为氢氧化钠溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4中烘干采用紫外灯配合吹风机鼓风进行烘干。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤2中获得的改性经线和纬线通过表面带有打磨层的筒状物进行打磨操作，通过将经线和纬线紧压筒状物，然后使得经线和纬线在传输的过程中不断的转动，从而使得经线和纬线表面趋于光滑。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4中通过石油醚超声清完毕后再置入清水池中，保持清洗温度为30度，保证水流流速为5米每秒，清洗一小时后烘干。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4中煮沸时间为65分钟。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗切割阻燃立体织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤2中聚乙烯醇和淀粉的质量比为1.5：1。
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