CN112225613A - Composite chicken manure organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound chicken manure organic fertilizer which is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri dreg fermentation product, 10-20 parts of agricultural biological waste, 40-70 parts of chicken manure and 1-8 parts of strain. The preparation method mainly comprises the steps of firstly preparing sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue leavening, then uniformly mixing the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue leavening with agricultural biological waste, chicken manure and strains, fermenting again, and finally drying the fermented material to prepare the granular fertilizer. The invention recycles the herb residue resources, solves the problem that the discarded herb residues of Chinese patent medicine enterprises pollute the environment, loosens the characteristics of the plant fertilizer of the sarcandra glabra and/or the callicarpa bodinieri herb residues, can maximally reserve organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements in plants, is added into the chicken manure for secondary fermentation, can promote the maturity of compost, balances fertilizer efficiency components to promote the growth of crops, and simultaneously improves the permeability, fertilizer retention and water retention of soil.

Description

Composite chicken manure organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an agricultural fertilizer, in particular to an organic fertilizer compounded by chicken manure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The callicarpa bodinieri is dry whole plant of callicarpa bodinieri of Verbenaceae, is mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze river of China, has the effects of removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding, relieving swelling and pain, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, and is an important raw material for producing the traditional Chinese medicine preparation. Sarcandra glabra is dry whole plant of sarcandra glabra of chloranthaceae, is mainly distributed in southern parts of Yangtze river of China, is produced in Jiangxi, has the effects of clearing heat and removing toxicity, dispelling wind and activating blood, relieving swelling and pain, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, is also an important raw material for producing traditional Chinese medicine preparations, contains more than 20 sarcandra glabra oral Chinese patent medicines and oral preparations in China, wherein Jiangxiang Chinese herbal medicine buccal tablets and sarcandra glabra toothpaste are well known, and the treatment effect of the sarcandra glabra buccal tablets and the sarcandra glabra toothpaste is generally accepted in domestic and foreign markets. The process method for extracting the effective components of the sarcandra glabra or the callicarpa bodinieri by pharmaceutical enterprises is as follows: the sarcandra glabra/callicarpa bodinieri medicinal materials are washed, cut and extracted by ethanol or water to obtain effective components, and a large amount of sarcandra glabra/callicarpa bodinieri dregs are treated as waste residues. The waste residues can cause the enterprises producing the Chinese patent medicines to face the problem of environmental pollution caused by a large amount of medicine residues. The chicken manure is an excellent raw material of the organic fertilizer, but the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the pure chicken manure is insufficient, the fertilizer efficiency is insufficient, the chicken manure is easy to harden after being applied in soil for a long time, the soil is not beneficial to absorbing natural nutrition, and the chicken manure organic fertilizer has strong odor, so that inconvenience is brought to the fertilizing process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the chicken manure organic fertilizer which can recover the callicarpa bodinieri/sarcandra glabra dregs, has balanced fertilizer effect components, can relax soil and is beneficial to the growth of crops.

The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a compound chicken manure organic fertilizer which is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri dreg fermentation product, 10-20 parts of agricultural biological waste, 40-70 parts of chicken manure and 1-8 parts of strain.

Wherein, the water content of the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue fermentation product is less than or equal to 20 percent, the water content of the chicken manure is less than or equal to 30 percent, and the proper water content can ensure that the growth environment of the strains is proper and is beneficial to fermentation.

Further, the agricultural biological waste is straw, waste fungus sticks of agaric, mushroom and the like. Wherein, the straw waste is utilized, thus avoiding air pollution caused by direct burning in the open air; the waste mushroom stick residues are easy to mildew and deteriorate and are not suitable for being used as secondary cultivation materials, if the mushroom residues cannot be treated in an environment-friendly manner, resources are wasted, sundry bacteria are easy to spread and pollute land and water sources, if the mushroom residues are decomposed in a land, a large amount of soil nutrients are consumed, the conversion rate of organic matters in the soil is slowed down, and the fertilizer efficiency and the fertilizer utilization rate are reduced, so that the waste mushroom sticks are used as the organic fertilizer raw materials, and the existing substances such as polysaccharide, organic acid, plant growth hormone and the like can be effectively utilized. The strain for fermenting the compound chicken manure organic fertilizer can adopt a mixture consisting of various microorganisms such as bacillus, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes, filamentous fungi and the like and extracellular enzymes thereof, and can be, for example, a Shuguo No. 13 manure fermentation microbial inoculum (purchased from Guangzhou Shuguo biotechnology).

The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the compound chicken manure organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

(1) stacking herb residues obtained after the extraction of the sarcandra glabra and/or the callicarpa bodinieri according to the width of the stack bottom of 3.5-4.5 m and the height of 1.2-2.0m, adding a herb residue zymophyte agent for fermentation for 10-20 days, and naturally airing until the water content is less than or equal to 20%;

(2) uniformly mixing the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue fermented product obtained in the step (1) with agricultural biological waste, chicken manure and strains according to the proportion, and then stacking and fermenting for 5-8 days, wherein the stack is turned for 12-14 times during the fermentation period;

(3) and (3) drying the fermented material obtained in the step (2) until the water content is less than or equal to 15%, then crushing and sieving, and adding a filler to prepare the granular fertilizer.

Further, the fermentation microbial inoculum in the step (1) can be a farmofukang biological bacterial manure fermentation agent or a Jinbaobei biological microbial inoculum, and the addition amount of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 3-5% of the weight of the medicine dregs.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue plant fertilizer is added into the traditional chicken manure organic fertilizer, so that the defects of the chicken manure organic fertilizer are fundamentally overcome, the odor of the chicken manure is reduced, the fertilizer efficiency components are increased in a balanced manner, the soil can be loosened, and the crop growth is not polluted. The invention discloses a plant organic fertilizer containing chicken manure, and is characterized in that the fertilizer effect components of the chicken manure mainly comprise nitrogen elements, the fertilizer effect components of agricultural biological wastes, sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa herb residue plant organic fertilizer mainly comprise organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, in order to effectively apply the fertilizer effect components to the fertilizer application process, the herb residue is fermented firstly and then mixed with other raw materials for fermentation, the aim is to firstly ferment the herb residue to better release the organic components of the herb residue, particularly to jointly promote subsequent mixed fermentation after enzymes contained in the herb residue are released, and fibers decomposed by the herb residue can relieve soil desertification and hardening, have slight fragrance and slight pungent taste, can release the fragrance and taste after being decomposed, and can effectively neutralize the odor of the chicken manure organic fertilizer; when the dregs of a decoction are fermented and converted into the plant organic fertilizer, the stacking degree and the fermentation time are selected, and the proportion of the dregs of a decoction, the plant fertilizer and the chicken manure is selected, and the fermentation time is the key of the invention, wherein the stacking bottom width of the dregs of a decoction for fermentation is 3.5-4.5 m, the height is 1.2-2.0m, and the fermentation time is 10-20 days, so that the parameters ensure that the material bulk density and the porosity are proper, the requirement of microbial inoculum fermentation is met, and the fermentation effect is good; during mixed fermentation, the fermentation time is 5-8 days, and pile turning is performed for 12-14 times during the fermentation period, so that the pile turning is beneficial to the growth and the propagation of strains, and the mixed materials are better decomposed. In conclusion, the invention recycles the herb residue resources, solves the problem that the discarded herb residues of Chinese patent medicine enterprises pollute the environment, loosens the properties of the plant fertilizer of the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residues, can maximally reserve organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements in plants, is added into the chicken manure for secondary fermentation, can promote the decomposition of compost, quickens the strong decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin substances, eliminates harmful bacteria and parasites, balances the fertilizer efficiency components, effectively increases the organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components in the organic fertilizer, promotes the growth of crops, and simultaneously improves the permeability, fertilizer retention and water retention of soil.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

The invention provides a compound chicken manure organic fertilizer which is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of sarcandra glabra and callicarpa bodinieri dreg fermentation product, 15 parts of agricultural biological waste, 60 parts of chicken manure and 5 parts of strain. Wherein the agricultural biological waste is waste fungus stick residues of agaric.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) fermenting herba Pileae Scriptae and radix Callicarpae Formosanae residue

Extracting the dregs of the decoction (the dregs of the decoction are generally extracted by ethanol or water, the length of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the dregs of the decoction is 2-5cm, the water content of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the dregs of the decoction is 65%), stacking the dregs of the decoction according to the width of 4.0m and the height of 1.2-2.0m, adding a zymogen agent accounting for 5% of the weight of the dregs of the decoction for fermentation for 10-20 days, and naturally airing the dregs of the decoction (the water content is less than or equal to 20%).

(2) Mixing the residue fermented product of herba Pileae Scriptae and radix Callicarpae Formosanae with chicken manure, and fermenting

And (3) fermenting herb residues of the sarcandra glabra and the callicarpa bodinieri to obtain a plant fertilizer, mixing the plant fertilizer with the dried chicken manure (the water content is less than or equal to 30%) according to the proportion, respectively placing the strains in a stirrer, uniformly mixing for 30 minutes, stirring uniformly, then performing stacking fermentation for 7 days, and turning the stacks 12-14 times during the fermentation period.

(3) Drying, crushing and sieving

Placing the fermented material in a drying chamber, drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, measuring the moisture content of the material, wherein the moisture content is less than or equal to 15%, moving the material out of the drying chamber after meeting the moisture content requirement, crushing, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve, adding a proper amount of starch slurry, and processing into granular fertilizer.

Example 2

Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the herb residue of sarcandra glabra or callicarpa bodinieri is replaced with the herb residue of sarcandra glabra. The rest is the same as in example 1.

Example 3

Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the chloranthus glaber and callicarpa herb residue are replaced with callicarpa herb residue. The rest is the same as in example 1.

The stacking condition of the medicine dregs in the step (1) in the embodiment 1 is monitored:

(1) stacking method and requirements

Selecting a low-lying and spacious space with a thickness of 0.5m and sufficient sunlight, mixing the residues (2-5 cm in length and 65% of water content) of sarcandra glabra and callicarpa bodinieri after ethanol or water extraction with strains, and dividing into 4 stacking groups to stack according to the following table 1, wherein the air permeability of the material stack is ensured during stacking.

TABLE 1 herb residue Stacking Specification

Number of slag pile	Width of bottom/m	Height/m	Number of slag pile	Width of bottom/m	Height/m
						1	4	1.2	3	4	1.7
2	4	1.5	4	4	2.0

(2) Fermentation temperature test

In the fermentation stage, according to the working principle of "heating → high temperature → cooling → thoroughly decomposing", the fermentation temperature of the above 4 piles of medicine residues is measured every 2 days, and the temperature in the medicine residue pile is reduced to the atmospheric temperature for fermentation (see table 2).

TABLE 2 temperature measurement of herb residue

Days of fermentation	No. 1 herb residue pile/deg.C	No. 2 herb residue pile/° c	Herb residue pile of No. 3/. deg.C	No. 4 herb residue pile/deg.C	Real-time atmospheric temperature/° c
						0	21.0	21.0	21.0	21.0	28.3
2	32.1	32.5	31.9	32.8	27.9
						4	53.7	54.0	54.2	53.8	26.5
6	69.3	71.5	68.7	69.5	27.4
						8	40.4	41.7	43.5	40.9	28.6
10	28.3	31.5	29.0	29.6	29.7

As a result: fermenting for 10 days, wherein the temperature of the residue is close to atmospheric temperature, and the fermentation period is finished to obtain fermented residue with loose properties and no offensive odor.

(3) Quality detection of sarcandra glabra and callicarpa bodinieri herb residue plant fertilizer

The prepared sarcandra glabra and callicarpa bodinieri herb residue plant fertilizer is examined according to agricultural industry standard NY525-2012 and NY884-2012 (the results are shown in Table 3)

TABLE 3

As a result: the sarcandra glabra and callicarpa bodinieri herb residue plant fertilizer meets the requirements through detection according to agricultural industry standards NY525-2012 and NY 884-2012.

Effect test of the composite chicken manure organic fertilizer obtained in example 1

In 2016 to 2016 and 10, experiments on application of commercially available chicken manure organic fertilizer (purchased from northern Hetao-Li-Hei fertilizer industry Co., Ltd.) to vegetable crops and the compound chicken manure organic fertilizer (specifically the organic fertilizer product in example 1, and the products in examples 2 and 3 have similar effects and are not repeated) of the invention were carried out at experimental points of agricultural technology popularization in suburb areas of the Luxi county, organized by agriculture bureau in Pink county, of 3 months:

respectively setting two experimental fields, wherein each experimental field is 5 mu, respectively applying 300 kg of the chicken manure organic fertilizer and 300 kg of the composite chicken manure organic fertilizer, performing the vegetable crop according to the requirements of planting specifications in the planting process, managing the experimental fields, observing the growth condition, and recording the insect resistance. During harvesting, the yields of vegetables in the two experimental plots were compared.

The results of the test plots were: the composite chicken manure organic fertilizer has obvious effect of promoting the growth and development of crops on vegetables, and compared with the chicken manure organic fertilizer sold in the market, the yield increase amplitude reaches about 12%.

Materials, reagents and experimental equipment related to the embodiment of the invention are all commercially available products meeting the field of organic fertilizers if no special description is provided.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the core technology of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations shall also fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (5)

1. The compound chicken manure organic fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri dreg fermentation product, 10-20 parts of agricultural biological waste, 40-70 parts of chicken manure and 1-8 parts of strain.

2. The compound chicken manure organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue fermentation product is less than or equal to 20%, and the water content of the chicken manure is less than or equal to 30%.

3. The compound chicken manure organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agricultural biological waste is at least one of straw and waste mushroom sticks.

4. The manufacturing method of the compound chicken manure organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) stacking herb residues obtained after the extraction of the sarcandra glabra and/or the callicarpa bodinieri according to the width of the stack bottom of 3.5-4.5 m and the height of 1.2-2.0m, adding a herb residue zymophyte agent for fermentation for 10-20 days, and naturally airing until the water content is less than or equal to 20%;

(2) uniformly mixing the sarcandra glabra and/or callicarpa bodinieri herb residue fermented product obtained in the step (1) with agricultural biological waste, chicken manure and strains according to the proportion, and then stacking and fermenting for 5-8 days, wherein the stack is turned for 12-14 times during the fermentation period;

(3) and (3) drying the fermented material obtained in the step (2) until the water content is less than or equal to 15%, then crushing and sieving, and adding a filler to prepare the granular fertilizer.

5. The manufacturing method of the compound chicken manure organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation bacteria agent in the step (1) is 3-5% of the weight of the medicine residue.