CN112219656A - Planting and production method of organic instant corn - Google Patents

Planting and production method of organic instant corn Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112219656A
CN112219656A CN202011287808.4A CN202011287808A CN112219656A CN 112219656 A CN112219656 A CN 112219656A CN 202011287808 A CN202011287808 A CN 202011287808A CN 112219656 A CN112219656 A CN 112219656A
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corn
planting
soil
parts
cobs
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黄宗钦
秦宗
秦云
秦仕
林登富
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Guangxi Xile Food Co ltd
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Guangxi Xile Food Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/14—Celastraceae [Staff-tree or Bittersweet family], e.g. spindle tree, bittersweet or thunder god vine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/10—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating materials in packages which are not progressively transported through the apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A23L7/197—Treatment of whole grains not provided for in groups A23L7/117 - A23L7/196
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a planting and production method of organic instant corn, which comprises the following steps: seedling raising, transplanting, field management, harvesting, pretreatment, cleaning, surface scalding, vacuum packaging, sterilization and secondary packaging. The instant corn produced by the process has fresh, crisp and tender mouthfeel, full granules and sufficient sweet taste, the obtained product has long shelf life, the quality can be kept consistent, no pesticide residue is left, no harmful substances are left, and the economic benefit is high.

Description

Planting and production method of organic instant corn
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method of instant food, in particular to a planting and production method of organic instant corn.
Background
Corn is an important grain crop in the world, is rich in nutrients such as vitamins and riboflavin, has high nutritive value and health-care effect, and is very beneficial to human health. The corn is eaten directly or after being processed by heat, or is threshed and then dried in the sun, or is processed by powdering and the like since ancient times. Can solve the problem of long-term storage of the corn. With the technological progress and the technical development of vacuum sterilization and the like, the vacuum-packaged fresh processed corn is produced, so that the taste and the freshness of the fresh corn are kept, and the corn cannot deteriorate after being stored for a long time.
During planting and processing of instant corn, there are several important points that need to be concerned with: 1. the prepared instant corn is clean and sanitary, microorganisms, pesticide residues and the like need to be strictly controlled, and the instant corn can be eaten after the bag is opened; 2. the corn has excellent quality, fresh, crisp and tender mouthfeel, full grains and enough sweet taste; 3. the instant corn can be kept for more than 12 months under a vacuum packaging environment, and the taste of the corn is not adversely affected; 4. in the process of corn growth, organic fertilizer is applied to corn stigma, and the pure natural organic quality of corn can be guaranteed. If high-quality instant corn needs to be produced, quality control must be carried out from the source and the whole industrial chain to obtain high-quality products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the instant corn with fresh, crisp and tender taste, full grains and sufficient sweet taste, the obtained product has long shelf life, the quality can be kept consistent, the original flavor of the corn is kept, no pesticide residue is generated, and no harmful and harmful substances are generated.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a planting and production method of organic instant corn comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling culture: culturing corn seeds in seedling trays, wherein the seedling soil is formed by mixing coal ash and sand soil, and transplanting can be carried out after the corn grows to a three-leaf or four-leaf shape;
(2) transplanting: digging planting pits with the diameter of 12cm and the depth of 8cm on the soil by using a rotary digging device, placing a base fertilizer with the height of 5cm in each sowing pit, then transplanting corn seedlings into a field, covering soil, wherein the row spacing of the corn seedlings is 65cm, the planting distance is 45cm, the soil water content is 70%, and the field is covered by using a black mulching film; the black plastic film covers on earth, can reduce the evaporation of water and run off on the one hand, and on the other hand can avoid sunshine to shine the weeds outside the maize plant, stops ruderal growth.
(3) Field management: spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week and spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week during the period from the planting of the corn seedlings to the heading of the corn;
(4) harvesting: harvesting after the corn is mature;
(5) pretreatment: cutting off the head and the tail of the corn cob, and completely peeling off corn husks;
(6) cleaning: putting the treated corn cobs into a cleaning machine, and cleaning and washing the surfaces of the corn cobs;
(7) surface ironing: putting the corn cobs into purified water or salt water of 90 ℃ for surface quick-boiling for 3-5 minutes; the surface ironing temperature and time are controlled, so that the fresh, crisp and tender mouthfeel of the corn can be kept while the natural and fresh fragrance of the corn is kept, and the loss of nutrient substances is avoided;
(8) and (3) vacuum packaging: after cooling and air drying the surface, vacuum packaging the corn cobs by adopting a PP food packaging film; the PP food packaging film can resist higher temperature;
(9) and (3) sterilization: placing the vacuum-packaged corn cobs into a steam chamber for sterilization treatment at 120 ℃ for 15-25 minutes; the inside and the outside of the corn and the vacuum packaging film are sterilized and disinfected at the steam temperature, so that the product has longer shelf life and the original flavor of the corn is not influenced;
(10) secondary packaging: and (5) carrying out secondary packaging on the sterilized corn cobs in a sterile workshop by adopting a packaging film.
The base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of fish pond sediment, 3 parts of sisal hemp waste residue, 1 part of pineapple waste residue and 3 parts of peanut bran. The fermentation method comprises the following steps: mixing the materials with EM bacteria, placing the mixture into a stirring device for stirring, discharging the mixture into a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, covering a layer of straw stalks with the thickness of 15cm above the fermentation tank, covering a layer of film, and composting for 30-40 days to obtain the base fertilizer.
The cattle manure is the manure of buffalo or cattle eating forage, and the cattle is herbivore, so the manure does not contain harmful substances such as heavy metal and the like, and completely meets the requirement of organic corn planting fertilizer.
The fish pond sediment is obtained by filtering fish water in a high-density fish pond, is rich in fish feces, is a good nitrogen fertilizer raw material, and can promote the development of corn leaves particularly in the early corn growth period.
The waste sisal dregs are waste gas generated after sisal fibers are extracted from sisal, and the waste accounts for more than 90% of sisal raw materials, and is generally directly buried and discarded or processed into animal feeds in a small amount. According to the method, after fermentation of the sisal hemp raw material, abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, vitamins and the like in the sisal hemp can be absorbed by corn plants, so that the soil fertility is increased, and on the other hand, a large amount of plant fibers in the sisal hemp waste residues can play the technical effects of loosening the soil, improving the soil structure, preventing the soil from hardening and increasing the water and fertilizer storage capacity of the soil.
The pineapple waste residues are wastes such as peels left after processing pineapples, the wastes are usually buried and discarded to cause rancid gas and waste water and cause environmental pollution.
The peanut bran is a high-quality organic fertilizer prepared by processing byproducts of peanut kernel after oil pressing, is rich in potassium fertilizer and can improve the sweet taste of the corn.
The biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent is a biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent aqua which is prepared by mixing and chopping Indian stringbush root, chenopodium ambrosioides, baeckea frutescens leaves, lightyellow sophora root, common threewingnut root, turmeric and heartleaf houttuynia herb according to the ratio of 2:2:1:1:1:1:1, decocting the mixture with 10 times of water for two times respectively, filtering the decoction and combining the decoction. When the pesticide is used, the water aqua is diluted by 80 times of clear water, the biological source pesticide is sprayed on the leaf surfaces and the roots of corn plants by a sprayer, the corn borers, armyworms, aphids, corn leaf mites and the like can be effectively prevented from damaging the corn, and meanwhile, the biological source pesticide is pure natural and has no chemical pollution to the corn plants, so that zero residue of the instant corn pesticide is realized.
Indian stringbush root, stem and leaf of Wikstroemia indica (Linn.) C.A. Mey of Wikstroemia indica of Thymelaeaceae, alias herba Lysimachiae Christinae, semen Sesami Indici, cortex Linderae, Chicken Mangifera Indicae, south Ling Wikstroemia indica, and herba Typhae; the efficacy is as follows: the rhizome contains a large amount of compounds such as coumarins, flavonoids, sterols, lignins and the like, and has good expelling and killing effects on corn borers and armyworms.
Chenopodium ambrosioides, whole plant of annual or perennial herbaceous ambrosoides (L.) Mosyakin et Clemants, alternative name: herba Clerodendranthi Spicati, herba Chloranthi Serrati, herba Commelinae and herba Veronicastri officinalis; the efficacy is as follows: the catmint oil in the leaves and fruits of the plant has destructive effect on nervous systems of pests such as spider mites, and the like, thereby playing a role in killing.
The Baeckea frutescens leaf is the leaf of Baeckea frutescens L. of Myrtaceae, and is also called as follows: caulis Kadsurae Longipedunculatae, broom branches, ramulus Pini Massonianae, herba Serpentis, herba Berberidis Hypoglauci, radix aucklandiae, broom, herba Pileae Scriptae, radix Et rhizoma Nardostachyos, lignum Pini nodi, herba Serissae, herba Pogostemonis, and herba Pogostemonis; the efficacy is as follows: slightly fragrant smell, bitter and astringent taste; the roughcast pine oil contains pinene, 1, 8-cineole, linalool, caryophyllene, humulene and other substances, and particularly the contained roughcast pine oil has the functions of killing insects and expelling insects.
Radix sophorae flavescentis is a dried root of leguminous plant radix sophorae flavescentis flavescens Alt, which is named as: japanese pagodatree, Japanese pistachio, Japanese pagodatree seed and Japanese pagodatree; the efficacy is as follows: the alkaloid component contained in the pesticide composition can paralyze the nervous system of pests, reduce the activity of the pests and prevent the pests from eating and dying.
Tripterygium wilfordii hook, root, leaf and flower of Tripterygium wilfordii hook. f, Celastraceae, also known as Tripterygium wilfordii hook: caulis Fibraureae, radix Polygoni Ciliinerve, folium Illicii Lanceolati, herba Clinopodii Polycephali, Chinese cabbage worm, radix Celosiae, rhizoma Sparganii, and herba et Gemma Agrimoniae; the efficacy is as follows: it contains alkaloids such as tripterygium wilfordii alkaloid, tripterygium wilfordii alkali, tripterygium wilfordii alkaloid, celastrol, triptolide, glucose, tannin, etc., and has damage effect on insect nervous central system.
Turmeric, a dried rhizome of Curcuma longa l. of the family zingiberaceae; alias: radix Curcumae, BAOTONGXIANG, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, and rhizoma Dioscoreae; the efficacy is as follows: the curcumin contained in the composition has the effects of repelling, antifeedant, contact killing and growth inhibition on various insects.
Houttuynia cordata, which is the aerial part of Houttuynia cordata Thunb of Saururaceae, and is also called as follows: herba Erodii seu Geranii, herba Houttuyniae, and herba Canitis Cannabis; the efficacy is as follows: the main components are decanoyl acetaldehyde, myrcene, alpha-pinene, d-limonene, methyl n-nonanone and the like, and flavonoids and alkaloids. The volatile oil has strong fishy smell and has effects of repelling spider mites, aphids and the like.
The organic fertilizer water is obtained by high-density fish culture, the fish pond is arranged beside a corn field, the fertilizer water at the bottom of the fish pond is pumped out through a pipeline, and the fertilizer water is precipitated, filtered and dripped into the corn field.
The cleaning machine includes: the corn cobs are conveyed by the plurality of conveying ways to move forward, a spraying frame is arranged above the conveying ways, and a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged in the spraying frame; the conveying channel is composed of a plurality of driving rollers and a plurality of scrubbing rollers, the driving rollers are of a rotary auger structure, and the scrubbing rollers are of a nylon brush roller wheel structure. The two rotary augers at the bottom provide power for advancing and rotating the corns simultaneously, so that the corns advance rotationally along the conveying channel, and the soft bristles on the surface of the scrubbing roller can stick and remove the corn stigma on the surface of the corns while the corns advance. Meanwhile, pure water is sprayed out of the spray opening on the spray frame to clean impurities on the surface of the corn.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the instant corn has the advantages of large appearance, full grains, golden color, fresh, crisp and tender corn kernels, sufficient moisture, natural corn fragrance, original flavor of the corn, sufficient sweet taste and natural purity; has no foreign matters and impurities, and good taste.
2. The instant corn is processed in a high-medium temperature surface scalding and steam sterilizing mode, so that the damage of high-temperature water to the corn taste and nutrition in the traditional processing mode can be avoided, the corn and bacteria in a package can be eliminated, the quality of the instant corn is kept in an aseptic environment for a long time, and the situations of deterioration and taste change are not easy to occur.
3. The planting process of the instant corn completely adopts an inorganic planting mode, no chemical fertilizer and pesticide residue is generated, no toxic or side effect is generated on a human body when the instant corn is eaten, the used botanical pesticide aqua has no toxic or side effect on the human body, the effective components in various plants are utilized to perform the effects of contact killing, driving away and destroying the growth system of pests, and the like, and the natural pesticide aqua adopts all natural components, can be automatically degraded and disappear in a period of time, cannot generate enrichment phenomenon, and has no adverse effect on land and crops; under the condition that many insects generate drug resistance nowadays, the complex components in the invention can act on multiple targets of the insects, and are beneficial to overcoming the drug resistance of insect pests.
4. The instant corn cleaning method is efficient and rapid, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, can completely remove all corn stigma and impurities on the surface of the corn, and has a smooth surface. The special corn cleaning machine is different from a traditional fruit and vegetable cleaning machine, the original cleaning machine conveys fruits and vegetables through a belt or a crawler belt and sprays and cleans the fruits and vegetables, conveying equipment of the special corn cleaning machine is changed into a vertical conveying channel, the corn cleaning machine is matched according to the shape of a corn cylinder, and the corn rotates continuously in the conveying process, so that the surface of the corn is treated more cleanly, the appearance of the corn is improved, and the taste is better.
5. The corn base fertilizer is prepared from industrial or agricultural organic waste such as sisal residue, pineapple residue, peanut bran, molasses, silkworm excrement and the like, so that the fertility of the land is increased, a rich organic fertilizer source is provided for corn growth, the waste is recycled, the environmental pollution caused by waste discarding is reduced, the environment-friendly requirement is met, and the economic benefit is improved.
6. According to the invention, corn planting is combined with a high-density fishpond, fertilizer and rich water are provided for corn by using fishpond wastewater, resources are fully utilized, waste is reduced, and the environment is optimized.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the planting and production process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the cleaning machine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front projection of the cleaning machine of the present invention;
the number designations in the figures are: 1. a conveying path; 11. a drive roll; 12. brushing the roller; 2. a spray rack; 21 an ejection opening; 3. a water tank.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A planting and production method of organic instant corn comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling culture: culturing corn seeds in seedling trays, wherein the seedling soil is formed by mixing coal ash and sand soil, and transplanting can be carried out after the corn grows to a three-leaf or four-leaf shape;
(2) transplanting: digging planting pits with the diameter of 12cm and the depth of 8cm on the soil by using a rotary digging device, placing a base fertilizer with the height of 5cm in each sowing pit, then transplanting corn seedlings into a field, covering soil, wherein the row spacing of the corn seedlings is 65cm, the planting distance is 45cm, the soil water content is 70%, and the field is covered by using a black mulching film;
(3) field management: spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week and spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week during the period from the planting of the corn seedlings to the heading of the corn;
(4) harvesting: harvesting after the corn is mature;
(5) pretreatment: cutting off the head and the tail of the corn cob, and completely peeling off corn husks;
(6) cleaning: putting the treated corn cobs into a cleaning machine, and cleaning and washing the surfaces of the corn cobs;
(7) surface ironing: putting the corn cobs into purified water or salt water of 90 ℃ for surface quick-boiling for 3-5 minutes;
(8) and (3) vacuum packaging: after cooling and air drying the surface, vacuum packaging the corn cobs by adopting a PP food packaging film;
(9) and (3) sterilization: placing the vacuum-packaged corn cobs into a steam chamber for sterilization treatment at 120 ℃ for 15-25 minutes;
(10) secondary packaging: and (5) carrying out secondary packaging on the sterilized corn cobs in a sterile workshop by adopting a packaging film.
The base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of fish pond sediment, 3 parts of sisal hemp waste residue, 1 part of pineapple waste residue, 3 parts of peanut bran and 3 parts of silkworm excrement.
The biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent is a biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent aqua which is prepared by mixing and chopping Indian stringbush root, chenopodium ambrosioides, baeckea frutescens leaves, lightyellow sophora root, common threewingnut root, turmeric and heartleaf houttuynia herb according to the ratio of 2:2:1:1:1:1:1, decocting the mixture twice with 10 times of water by weight, filtering the decoction and combining the decoction.
The organic fertilizer is rich water obtained by high-density fish culture, the fish pond is arranged beside a corn field, the rich water at the bottom of the fish pond is pumped out through a pipeline, and the fertilizer is precipitated, filtered and dripped into the corn field.
The cleaning machine includes: the corn cobs are conveyed by the conveying ways 1 to move forward, the spraying frame 2 is arranged above the conveying ways 1, and the spraying frame 2 is internally provided with a plurality of spraying openings 21; the conveying channel 1 comprises a plurality of driving rollers 11 and a plurality of scrubbing rollers 12, wherein the driving rollers 11 are of a rotary auger structure, and the scrubbing rollers 12 are of a nylon brush roller wheel structure.
Pesticide residue detection result:
the detected pesticide residue project meets the requirements of GB2763-2014 standard, and the detected heavy metal project meets the requirements of GB2762-2012 standard.
Figure 243084DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The disease prevention and insect prevention effects are shown in the comparison table:
comparative example 1: spraying per mu of corn field: using 40ml of 15% chlorantraniliprole suspending agent diluted by 15000 times by adding water for comparison of prevention and control rate:
Figure 34405DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
therefore, the control rate of the botanical pesticide in the invention is lower than that in the comparative example on some pests, but the invention has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, no harm to the environment and no chemical residue, thus being capable of replacing the chemical pesticide in the inorganic corn planting.
Corn taste and flavor comparison table:
comparative example 1: the fruit type sweet corn is prepared from the instant sweet corn of a certain food company Limited in Shanghai, the production area is from northeast, and the quality guarantee period is 12 months:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
comparative example 2: the production area of instant sweet and tender instant corn of a certain food company Limited in Guangxi comes from other areas in Guangxi Dingxian, and the quality guarantee period is 12 months:
Figure 160225DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
the invention comprises the following steps:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
from the above, it can be seen that the organic corn obtained by the invention has obviously higher nutrient content than the instant corn sold in the market.
And (3) testing the mouthfeel: 20 experimenters, evaluated the instant corn of examples 1, 2 and the invention after consumption:
taste test within 1.5 months from the date of production:
Figure 387075DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
taste test after 11 months from the date of production:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
therefore, the preparation process can keep the fresh, crisp and tender mouthfeel of the instant corn under the vacuum packaging condition for a long time.

Claims (5)

1. A planting and production method of organic instant corn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seedling culture: culturing corn seeds in seedling trays, wherein the seedling soil is formed by mixing coal ash and sand soil, and transplanting can be carried out after the corn grows to a three-leaf or four-leaf shape;
(2) transplanting: digging planting pits with the diameter of 12cm and the depth of 8cm on the soil by using a rotary digging device, placing a base fertilizer with the height of 5cm in each sowing pit, then transplanting corn seedlings into a field, covering soil, wherein the row spacing of the corn seedlings is 65cm, the planting distance is 45cm, the soil water content is 70%, and the field is covered by using a black mulching film;
(3) field management: spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week and spraying the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent once a week during the period from the planting of the corn seedlings to the heading of the corn;
(4) harvesting: harvesting after the corn is mature;
(5) pretreatment: cutting off the head and the tail of the corn cob, and completely peeling off corn husks;
(6) cleaning: putting the treated corn cobs into a cleaning machine, and cleaning and washing the surfaces of the corn cobs;
(7) surface ironing: putting the corn cobs into purified water or salt water of 90 ℃ for surface quick-boiling for 3-5 minutes;
(8) and (3) vacuum packaging: after cooling and air drying the surface, vacuum packaging the corn cobs by adopting a PP food packaging film;
(9) and (3) sterilization: placing the vacuum-packaged corn cobs into a steam chamber for sterilization treatment at 120 ℃ for 15-25 minutes;
(10) secondary packaging: and (5) carrying out secondary packaging on the sterilized corn cobs in a sterile workshop by adopting a packaging film.
2. The method for planting and producing organic instant corn according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of cow dung, 5 parts of fish pond sediment, 3 parts of sisal hemp waste residue, 1 part of pineapple waste residue, 3 parts of peanut bran and 3 parts of silkworm excrement.
3. The method for planting and producing organic instant corn according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent is a biological source insecticidal disease-preventing agent aqua which is prepared by mixing and chopping Indian stringbush root, chenopodium ambrosioides, baeckea frutescens leaves, lightyellow sophora root, common threewingnut root, turmeric and heartleaf houttuynia herb according to the ratio of 2:2:1:1:1:1:1, decocting the mixture twice with 10 times of water by weight, filtering the decoction and combining the decoction.
4. The method for planting and producing organic instant corn according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic fertilizer is rich water obtained by high-density fish culture, the fish pond is arranged beside a corn field, the rich water at the bottom of the fish pond is pumped out through a pipeline, and the fertilizer is precipitated, filtered and dripped into the corn field.
5. The method for planting and producing organic instant corn according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cleaning machine includes: the corn cobs are conveyed to move forward by the conveying channels (1), the spraying frame (2) is arranged above the conveying channels (1), and the spraying frame (2) is provided with a plurality of spray openings (21); the conveying channel (1) is composed of a plurality of driving rollers (11) and a plurality of scrubbing rollers (12), the driving rollers (11) are of a rotary auger structure, and the scrubbing rollers (12) are of a nylon brush roller wheel structure.
CN202011287808.4A 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 Planting and production method of organic instant corn Pending CN112219656A (en)

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