CN112198235A - 人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属司法鉴定技术领域,涉及一种人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,该检测方法检材用量少、灵敏度高、特异性强、线性范围宽,且操作简单、快速、提取溶剂用量少、分析时间短,能够满足司法鉴定任务紧迫、对检测时间要求高的需求,可大范围推广应用;同时,所述检测方法相较于现有方法,可有效地降低尿液中硫酸乙酯(EtS)和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG)的基质效应,提高检测结果的可靠性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属司法鉴定技术领域,涉及测定尿液中乙醇非氧化代谢物的方法,具体涉及一种同时测定人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的方法;该方法检材用量少、灵敏度高、特异性强、基质效应小、线性范围宽,且操作简单、快速、分析时间短,能满足司法鉴定任务紧迫、对检测时间要求高的需求,可大范围推广应用。
背景技术
现有技术公开了硫酸乙酯(EtS)和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG)是乙醇的非氧化代谢物,由乙醇经II相代谢产生,是判断乙醇摄入的生物标志物。由于较高的特异性和较长的检测时限,通常,即使是在乙醇完全代谢的情况下,尿液中的EtS和EtG也可以在戒酒治疗和性侵案件中用来判断近期的饮酒行为;同时,尸体中的EtS和EtG也可用于区分尸体中所检测到的乙醇是来源于生前饮酒还是死后腐败产生。
目前,已有多种方法可检测尿液中的EtS和EtG,其中,液相-串联质谱联用方法(LC-MS/MS)最为常见;然而,由于所述EtS和EtG有很大的极性和水溶性,使得LC-MS/MS法检测尿液中EtS和EtG时存在严重的基质效应,会直接影响到检测的灵敏度以及定量的准确性;因此,消除基质效应是尿液中EtS和EtG检测亟需解决的关键问题。目前,通过简单的样品稀释可以有效地降低基质效应,但是待测物的灵敏度也会随之降低;或也可以通过固相萃取(SPE)进行样品前处理或者柱后添加乙腈的方法来减少基质效应,但是上述方法操作繁琐,极大地延长了检测时间。
在司法鉴定技术领域,迫切需要建立一种分析方法,可以同时对尿液中的EtS和EtG进行快速、灵敏的检测,并有效地减少基质效应带来的影响。
基于现有技术的现状,本申请的发明人拟通过检测尿液中的EtS和EtG,为司法鉴定中判断当事人是否摄入乙醇提供一种准确可靠的新方法,具体涉及一种同时测定人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是基于现有技术的现状,提供一种测定尿液中乙醇非氧化代谢物的新方法,尤其是一种人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,该检测方法能同时测定人尿液中两种乙醇非氧化代谢物硫酸乙酯(EtS)和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG)。
本发明所述的检测方法,检测样品时,将20μL尿液滴至Whatman 903#分析滤纸上并微波加热1min至干燥;将滤纸剪下后置入含有490μL和10μL内标(包含EtS-d5和EtG-d5各100ng/mL)的2mL微量离心管中,超声10min后转移上清液并在60℃条件下吹干,50μL初始流动相(0.1%甲酸水溶液)复溶;所述检测方法样品用量少,前处理过程简便、快速,易于操作和推广;同时解决了尿液中存在的基质效应问题,使得结果更加可靠。
具体而言,本发明的人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,其特征在于,主要包括下述步骤:
(1)样品预处理
将20μL尿液滴至Whatman 903#分析滤纸上并微波加热1min至干燥;将滤纸剪下后置入含有490μL和10μL内标(包含EtS-d5和EtG-d5各100ng/mL)的微量离心管中,超声10min后转移上清液并在60℃条件下吹干,50μL初始流动相(0.1%甲酸水溶液)复溶;
(2)采用液相色谱-串联质谱联用法,测定尿液中两种乙醇非氧化代谢物(硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯)的浓度;其中,采用的色谱柱为Phenomenex Synergi 2.5μm Hydro-RP 100A column(2mm×100mm,2.5μm),柱温40℃。
本发明所述检测方法,采用液相色谱-串联质谱联用法对尿液中的EtS和EtG进行定性和定量分析,同时分别对尿液的分析方法进行方法学验证的考察,考察内容包括:选择性、线性、准确度、精密度(包括批内精密度和批间精密度)、提取回收率和基质效应。
检测目标物的色谱保留时间和质谱特征峰,结果如表1所示,
表1尿液中检测目标物的色谱保留时间和质谱参数
注:粗体为定量离子对。
本发明所述检测方法,对尿液中乙醇的两种非氧化代谢物进行定性和定量分析,结果准确、可靠;各化合物检测限、定量限及线性范围如表2所示;尿液中EtS和EtG的提取回收率在78.5-98.3%范围内,准确度在101.3-113.9%范围内,批内精密度的RSD不超过11.2%,批间精密度的RSD不超过13.8%。EtS和EtG的基质效应的范围在86.7%-107.8%之间。
表2尿液中检测目标物的检测限、定量限及线性范围
本发明提供了一种人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,该检测方法能同时测定人尿液中两种乙醇非氧化代谢物硫酸乙酯(EtS)和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG);所述检测方法样品用量少,前处理过程简便、快速,易于操作和推广;同时解决了尿液中存在的基质效应问题,使得结果更加可靠。
本发明方法与以往的方法相比,具有以下明显优势:
(1)建立了一种可应用于尿液中EtS和EtG检测的液相色谱-串联质谱联用方法,有效地降低了基质效应,提高了定量的准确性;所述检测方法包括了EtS和EtG的同时定性及定量分析,灵敏度和线性范围能够满足司法鉴定的要求;
(2)所述检测方法使用的生物检材用量少,因而适用范围广;该所述检测方法采用20μL尿液作为检材,用量极少,在实际检案中,尤其是涉及死亡时间较长的案例,可以应对检材量非常有限的情况;
(3)所述检测方法灵敏度高,在尿液中EtS和EtG的检测限能达到5ng/mL,相较于文献,大大提升了乙醇的两种非氧化代谢物的检测灵敏度。
附图说明
图1是Ets和EtG标准品(定量限浓度10ng/mL)添加提取后进样的标准色谱图,其中,黑:离子通道125→97;红:离子通道125→80;蓝:离子通道221→75;绿:离子通道221→85。
具体实施方式
色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:Phenomenex Synergi 2.5μm Hydro-RP 100A column(2mm×100mm,2.5μm);柱温:40℃;
流动相:水(0.1%甲酸)(A相);乙腈(0.1%甲酸)(B相);梯度洗脱(见表3),流速0.25mL/min。
进样量:5μL
表3梯度洗脱条件
质谱条件如下:
ESI;喷雾电压:3.6kV(+)/2.8kV(-);鞘气:35Arb;辅助气:10Arb;离子传输管温度:350℃;脱溶剂温度:300℃。
扫描方式:多反应监测(MRM)
检测目标物的色谱保留时间和质谱数据,结果如表1所示。
样品处理:
将20μL尿液滴至Whatman 903#分析滤纸上并微波加热1min至干燥;将滤纸剪下后置入含有490μL和10μL内标(包含EtS-d5和EtG-d5各100ng/mL)的微量离心管中,超声10min后转移上清液并在60℃条件下吹干,50μL初始流动相(0.1%甲酸水溶液)复溶;涡旋5min,离心(12000rpm,10min)后取上清液进样5μL。
线性实验:
取混合标准系列工作液,加入空白人尿液,涡旋混匀,制备成含待测物浓度分别为10,20,100,1000,2000,8000,10000ng/ml的尿液样品,按“样品处理”项下操作,制备标准曲线,并同时制备空白样品,记录色谱图;以待测物浓度为横坐标,待测物与内标的峰面积比值为纵坐标,用加权(W=1/X2)最小二乘法进行回归运算,绘制标准曲线。
精密度和准确度实验:
分别取定量限浓度的混合标准溶液和低、中、高浓度的质控工作液,加入空白人尿液,涡旋混匀,制备成含待测物浓度分别为定量限浓度及3个质控浓度的尿液样品;每批每个浓度配制5份,共做3批;按“样品处理”项下操作;根据每批的线性回归方程计算其实测浓度,计算每个浓度的准确度、批内和批间精密度,精密度以相对标准偏差(RSD)表示。
提取回收率试验:
配制含待测物浓度分别为低、中、高质控浓度的尿液样品各5份,按“样品制备”项下操作,记录待测物峰面积并计算均值AS1;另以空白尿液,按“样品制备”项下操作所得空白基质液,加入混合标准工作液,配制成3个相同浓度,每个浓度平行配制5份,记录待测物峰面积并计算均值AS2,以AS1/AS2×100%计算提取回收率;尿液中待测物的批内和批间精密度、准确度及提取回收率的数据如表4所示。
基质效应试验:
取来自于6个不同个体的空白尿液,按“样品制备”项下操作所得空白基质液,加入混合标准工作液(低浓度质控QC)后进样,记录待测物峰面积并计算均值AS2。另取相应浓度标准品进样,记录待测物峰面积并计算均值AS3,以峰面积以AS2/AS3×100%计算基质效应,结果如表5所示。
表4尿液中待测物的批内和批间精密度、准确度及提取回收率的数据
表5尿液中待测物的基质效应的数据
Claims (4)
1.一种人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,其特征在于,其包括步骤:
(1)样品预处理
将尿液滴至分析滤纸上并微波加热至干燥;将滤纸剪下后置入含有内标的微量离心管中,超声后转移上清液并吹干,初始流动相复溶;
(2)采用液相色谱一串联质谱联用法,测定尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的浓度。
2.按权利要求1所述的人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,
将尿液滴至Whatman 903#分析滤纸上并微波加热1min至干燥;将滤纸剪下后置入含有490μL和10μL内标,包含EtS-d5和EtG-d5各100ng/mL的微量离心管中,超声10min后转移上清液并在60℃条件下吹干,50μL初始流动相(0.1%甲酸水溶液)复溶。
3.按权利要求1所述的人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,尿液样品用量为20μL。
4.按权利要求1所述的人尿液中硫酸乙酯和葡萄糖醛酸乙酯的检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,采用的色谱柱为Phenomenex Synergi 2.5μm Hydro-RP 100A column(2mm×100mm,2.5μm),柱温40℃。
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