CN112176383B - Device and method for composite processing by laser electrodeposition - Google Patents
Device and method for composite processing by laser electrodeposition Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
- C25D17/12—Shape or form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/04—Removal of gases or vapours ; Gas or pressure control
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/12—Process control or regulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
- C25D21/18—Regeneration of process solutions of electrolytes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for composite processing by utilizing laser and electrodeposition, and relates to the technical field of composite special processing. Transparent conductive materials are used as auxiliary anodes to face the cathode workpiece, so that the electric field on the surface of the cathode plate is uniformly distributed; when laser induced electro-deposition processing is carried out, a three-dimensional micro part is prepared by utilizing the principle that the laser focus moves upwards layer by layer and the deposits are continuously superposed; when the laser-enhanced electrodeposition processing is carried out, the laser focus carries out integral or local scanning on the surface of the deposition layer, so that the performance of the deposition layer is improved or the surface structure is prepared while the deposition layer grows. The device and the method are simple and are suitable for preparing the micro complex parts and the high-performance surface coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite special processing, in particular to a device and a method for composite processing by utilizing laser electrodeposition, which are suitable for preparing micro complex parts and high-performance surface coatings.
Background
The electrodeposition technology is a coating processing technology based on the electrochemical principle, i.e., a technology of generating a metal layer on the surface of a metallic material or a semiconductor material by a reduction reaction of ions of a metal in the vicinity of a cathode of a deposition bath and an electro-crystallization process. Electrodeposition technology has been widely used in the field of micro-nano fabrication as a surface modification or a technology for producing metals with specific components and properties. However, the traditional micro electro-deposition technology has poor localization, low deposition efficiency and poor bonding force and compactness of a coating. The laser processing technology is widely applied to various surface technologies as a non-contact processing method with the advantages of good energy gathering, strong anti-interference performance, good coherence and the like. Compared with the conventional electrodeposition technology, the laser-assisted electrodeposition technology utilizes the photo-thermal effect thereof to induce or enhance the electrodeposition process, and has the advantages of high deposition rate, good localization, high bonding degree of a deposition layer and a matrix, simple process and the like.
There is a certain research on laser electrodeposition composite processing at home and abroad, and the chinese patent "a method for preparing germanium nano-arrays by laser-induced ionic liquid electrodeposition", chinese patent publication No. CN104988546A proposes: the method is characterized in that an ionic liquid electrodeposition technology and a laser irradiation technology are combined, non-toxic and pollution-free green ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole bistrifluoromethanesulfonyl imide salt is used as a solvent, GeCl4 is used as a depositional substance, a pulse laser irradiates a deposition solution, and a three-electrode system is used for preparing the germanium nano-array. However, the deposition electric field distribution of the invention is uneven, and the forming precision is lower when complex parts are deposited; chinese patent "a laser-enhanced three-dimensional micro-area electrodeposition method and corresponding device", chinese patent publication No. CN110565130A proposes: and integrating laser into a micro-area electro-deposition device based on a micro-tube, and depositing liquid drops on the tip of the micro-tube on a meniscus formed on the surface of the sample through laser irradiation to prepare the three-dimensional micro-nano scale pattern. However, in the invention, the three-dimensional pattern forming shape depends on the three-dimensional relative motion generated by the microtube and the surface of the sample, the deposition area is limited to the deposition liquid drop at the tip of the microtube, and the production efficiency and the flexibility are to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of uneven electric field distribution, uneven thickness of a settled layer on the surface of a workpiece and the like in the traditional laser electrodeposition process, the invention improves the uniformity of the electric field distribution on the surface of the workpiece by adding the transparent conductive auxiliary anode on the premise of not influencing laser irradiation, and simultaneously realizes flexible and efficient laser-assisted electrodeposition composite processing by laser layered scanning.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A device for composite processing by utilizing laser electrodeposition comprises a cathode workpiece, a working anode and a laser beam; the cathode workpiece and the working anode are placed in the electrodeposition solution for electrochemical deposition; the device also comprises an auxiliary anode, the cathode workpiece and the auxiliary anode are arranged in parallel, the laser beam penetrates through the auxiliary anode and irradiates on the cathode workpiece, and the working anode and the auxiliary anode are both connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply.
Furthermore, the laser beam carries out layered scanning on the cathode workpiece, and finally the three-dimensional fine part is obtained.
Furthermore, after the laser beam finishes the first layer scanning on the cathode workpiece, the laser beam moves upwards layer by layer through the control focus of the computer to carry out the image layer by layer scanning, and then the deposits on the surface of the cathode workpiece are continuously superposed to prepare the three-dimensional fine part.
Further, the cathode workpiece is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece clamp and is clamped by the workpiece clamp; the workpiece clamp is internally provided with the electrodeposition liquid, and the solution in the workpiece clamp is circulated by the peristaltic pump, so that the concentration uniformity of the electrodeposition liquid is ensured.
Furthermore, the auxiliary anode is made of transparent conductive material, and the light transmittance reaches more than 80%.
Further, the auxiliary anode is a conductive transparent polymer and conductive glass.
Furthermore, the distance between the auxiliary anode and the cathode workpiece can be adjusted through insulating cushion blocks with different thicknesses, so that the thickness of the deposition liquid between the auxiliary anode and the cathode workpiece is controlled; the junction of the auxiliary anode and the workpiece clamp is sealed, so that the deposition solution is prevented from overflowing.
Furthermore, the laser beam is fixed in the path scanning way, the cathode workpiece 6 is arranged on the X-Y-Z worktable, and the relative movement with the laser spot is realized through the control system of the computer to carry out the path scanning; or the cathode workpiece is fixed, and the laser facula realizes path scanning under the control of the optical path transmission system; or the two ways can work together.
Further, the cathode workpiece is arranged below the auxiliary anode in parallel.
The processing method of the device utilizing laser electrodeposition composite processing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface pretreatment on the cathode workpiece;
step two: drawing a graph to be deposited in AutoCAD, and leading the graph into a control system after optimization;
step three: fixing a workpiece clamp in a liquid storage tank, placing the liquid storage tank on an X-Y-Z workbench, connecting a cathode workpiece with the cathode of an electrochemical power supply and fixing the cathode workpiece in a deposition liquid cavity of the workpiece clamp;
step four: the working anode is vertically arranged close to the inner wall of the groove of the workpiece clamp and is connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply, and meanwhile, the working anode keeps a vertical relation with the cathode workpiece;
step five: fixing an auxiliary anode above a deposition liquid flow channel of a workpiece clamp, keeping the auxiliary anode in parallel with a cathode workpiece, and forming a semi-closed cavity with the clamp body to ensure that the deposition liquid flows in the cavity at a constant speed;
step six: adjusting the position of a laser spot to enable the laser focus to be positioned above the cathode workpiece;
step seven: connecting the input end of the peristaltic pump with the liquid inlet of the workpiece clamp through a silicone rubber pipe, connecting the output end of the peristaltic pump with the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank through the silicone rubber pipe, and adding the deposition liquid into the liquid storage tank;
step eight: starting a peristaltic pump to circulate the deposition solution, ensuring that the deposition solution cavity of the clamp is filled with the deposition solution with uniform concentration, and completely immersing the conductive surface of the auxiliary anode and the surface of the cathode workpiece;
step nine: turning on an electrochemical power supply to set electrochemical parameters;
step ten: and starting the pulse laser, and setting different light spot movement paths and laser parameters according to different process requirements, thereby obtaining the effect of preparing the localized micro parts or enhancing the electrodeposition on the whole surface of the workpiece.
The invention has the technical advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) the auxiliary anode can effectively solve the problem of uneven electric field distribution in the traditional laser-assisted electrodeposition process, and improves the forming precision, surface processing quality and localization of the micro electrodeposition.
(2) The deposition liquid circulating flushing system ensures the uniform concentration of metal ions in the electrodeposition process, can carry away bubbles generated by hydrogen evolution reaction in the electrodeposition process, and prevents the bubbles from being adsorbed on the surface of a workpiece to influence the processing precision and the generation of deposits.
(3) The laser and the electrodeposition are compounded in different processing forms, namely laser-induced electrodeposition, wherein the laser-induced electrodeposition is carried out, a deposited layer is superposed to prepare a three-dimensional fine part, the laser-enhanced electrodeposition processing is also carried out, the laser focus is wholly or locally scanned on the surface of the deposited layer, the performance of the deposited layer is improved, or a surface structure is prepared while the deposited layer grows, so that the possibility is provided for manufacturing parts with different functions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main apparatus for hybrid processing by laser electrodeposition;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite processing system utilizing laser electrodeposition;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser electrodeposition composite processing of three-dimensional fine parts;
FIG. 4 is a laser path diagram for three-dimensional micro-feature machining;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the laser electrodeposition hybrid process for preparing a high performance surface coating;
FIG. 6 is a laser routing diagram for producing a high performance surface coating;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the simultaneous preparation of a surface structure of a laser electrodeposition composite process coating.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1-a computer; 2-a pulsed laser; 3-a mirror; 4-a focusing lens; 5-a liquid storage tank; 6-cathode workpiece; 7-a deposition solution; 8-an auxiliary anode; 9-an ammeter; 10-an electrochemical power source; 11-X-Y-Z stage; 12-a control cabinet; 13-a working anode; 14-a peristaltic pump; 15-workpiece holder.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following first describes in detail embodiments according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
The device is shown in the attached figures 1 and 2 and comprises an electrochemical machining system, a laser micro-machining system and a deposition liquid circulating system. The laser micromachining system comprises a pulse laser 2, a reflector 3, a focusing lens 4, an X-Y-Z worktable 11 and a control system. The reflector 3 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the pulse laser 2, and the focusing lens 4 is arranged right below the reflector 3; the laser beam emitted by the pulse laser 2 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 3, focused by the focusing lens 4 and then passes through the auxiliary anode 8 to be irradiated on the surface of the cathode workpiece; the X-Y-Z worktable 11 is arranged below the liquid storage tank 5. The control system comprises a computer 1 and a control cabinet 12; the computer 1 is respectively connected with the control cabinet 12 and the pulse laser 2 through connecting ports; the control cabinet 12 is connected with the X-Y-Z worktable 11.
The electrodeposition system comprises an electrochemical power supply 10, an ammeter 9, an auxiliary anode 8, a working anode 13, a cathode workpiece 6, a liquid storage tank 5, a peristaltic pump 14 and a workpiece clamp 15; the working anode 13 is vertically placed close to the inner wall of the groove of the clamp 15, the auxiliary anode 8 is fixed above the cathode plate under the focusing lens 4 in parallel, and the working anode 13 and the auxiliary anode 8 are both connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply 10; the cathode workpiece 6 is positioned right below the auxiliary anode 8 and is connected with the cathode of an electrochemical power supply 10; the workpiece clamp 15 is fixed on the X-Y-Z worktable 11, and the liquid storage tank 5 is filled with the deposition liquid 7.
The deposition liquid circulating system comprises a liquid storage tank 5, a workpiece clamp 15, deposition liquid 7, a peristaltic pump 14 and a pump pipe; the input end of the peristaltic pump 14 is connected with the liquid inlet of the workpiece clamp 15 through a silicone rubber tube, and the output end of the peristaltic pump is connected with the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 5 through a silicone rubber tube.
In the electrodeposition processing, the distribution condition of an electric field has obvious influence on the deposition effect, and the auxiliary anode 8 is arranged above the cathode workpiece 6 in parallel in the attached drawing 1, so that the electric field is uniform during deposition, high-precision deposition is realized, the distance between the auxiliary anode 8 and the cathode workpiece 6 can be adjusted through insulating cushion blocks with different thicknesses, and the control of the thickness of a deposition liquid layer is realized.
In the electrodeposition process, concentration polarization phenomenon is easy to generate, the continuous generation of deposition is inhibited, and liquid flushing is a common auxiliary method for electrodeposition. The left side and the right side of the workpiece clamp 15 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a solution flows into the workpiece clamp 15 through the liquid inlet and is filled with a deposition solution cavity, the solution continuously generates an electrodeposition reaction with a cathode and an anode and then flows into the liquid storage tank through the liquid outlet, two ends of a conduit of the peristaltic pump 14 are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet of the workpiece clamp 15 and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 5, the solution circulation is realized, the concentration polarization is eliminated, bubbles generated by the electrodeposition hydrogen evolution reaction are flushed away, and the concentration uniformity of the electrodeposition solution can be ensured.
Specifically, a liquid inlet of the workpiece clamp 15 and a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 5 are respectively connected with two ends of a conduit of the peristaltic pump 14, so that solution circulation is realized, concentration polarization is eliminated, the concentration uniformity of the electrodeposition liquid is ensured, and bubbles generated by electrodeposition hydrogen evolution reaction are washed away.
After the laser beam finishes the first layer of scanning on the cathode substrate, moving upwards layer by layer through the control focus of the computer 1, and carrying out image-layer scanning, so that the deposits on the surface of the cathode workpiece 6 are continuously superposed to prepare the three-dimensional fine part; when the laser beam is scanned on the whole or part of the surface of the cathode workpiece 6, the performance of the deposition layer can be improved or the surface structure can be prepared while the deposition layer grows.
The auxiliary anode 8 is made of transparent conductive material, the light transmittance is more than 80%, such as conductive glass and conductive transparent polymer, wherein the conductive glass can be quartz glass, and the junction of the auxiliary anode 8 and the workpiece clamp 15 is sealed to ensure that the deposition solution 7 cannot overflow. The cathode workpiece 6 and the auxiliary anode 8 can be placed in a manner that the cathode and the anode are vertically oppositely placed, or the cathode and the anode are vertically oppositely placed; in order to facilitate the removal of bubbles, the preferred placement mode is that the cathode workpiece 6 is arranged below, and the auxiliary anode 8 is arranged above in parallel; the shape of the auxiliary anode 8 can be adjusted according to the surface shape of the cathode workpiece 6, so that the electric field distribution of each region on the surface of the cathode workpiece 6 is uniform, and the electric field intensity is uniform.
Before processing, the cathode workpiece 6 is subjected to polishing, oil removal, water washing, weak erosion, water washing and drying pretreatment; the cathode workpiece 6 can be a revolving body, and the laser beam is focused on the central surface of the revolving body to scan and perform annular deposition on the surface of the revolving body.
The flow rate of the peristaltic pump 14 is 0-1500 ml/min, the flow rate of the deposition solution can be precisely regulated, and a pump pipe is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the distance between the auxiliary anode 8 and the cathode workpiece 6 can be adjusted through insulating cushion blocks with different thicknesses, so that the thickness of the deposition solution 7 can be controlled; the laser can be fixed by laser beams, the cathode workpiece 6 is arranged on the X-Y-Z worktable 11, and the control system of the computer 1 realizes the relative motion with laser spots to carry out path scanning; or the cathode workpiece 6 is fixed, and the laser facula realizes path scanning under the control of the optical path transmission system (such as a galvanometer); or the two ways can be combined together.
The invention uses transparent conductive material as auxiliary anode to face the cathode workpiece, to realize the uniform distribution of electric field on the surface of the cathode plate; when laser induced electro-deposition processing is carried out, a three-dimensional micro part is prepared by utilizing the principle that the laser focus moves upwards layer by layer and the deposits are continuously superposed; when the laser-enhanced electrodeposition processing is carried out, the laser focus carries out integral or local scanning on the surface of the deposition layer, so that the performance of the deposition layer is improved or the surface structure is prepared while the deposition layer grows. The device and the method are simple and are suitable for preparing the micro complex parts and the high-performance surface coating.
The working process of the invention is shown by combining the attached figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7:
when laser-induced electrodeposition processing is carried out, a laser beam passes through the focusing lens 4 and the auxiliary anode 8 and is focused on the cathode workpiece 6, according to the laser path of each layer input in the computer 1 in advance, after the required thickness is deposited, the laser focus moves upwards, the next layer is scanned, the laser focus moves upwards layer by layer in a circulating manner until the last layer is scanned, the deposits are continuously superposed to prepare the three-dimensional fine part, and the laser path in the attached figure 4 can be used for preparing the conical three-dimensional fine part. When laser-enhanced electrodeposition processing is performed, according to a laser path of a single layer input in the computer 1 in advance, the laser focus performs repeated scanning on the whole or a local single layer on the surface of the deposition layer, so that the performance of the deposition layer is improved or a surface structure is prepared while the deposition layer grows, and the deposition rate and the deposition quality are greatly improved. When the two processing forms are combined, the surface structure can be prepared while the coating is processed on the surface of the workpiece, and the processing efficiency is improved.
A method for composite processing by utilizing laser electrodeposition comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out surface pretreatment on the cathode workpiece 6;
2) drawing a graph to be deposited in AutoCAD, and leading the graph into a control system after optimization;
3) fixing a workpiece clamp 15 in a liquid storage tank 5, placing the liquid storage tank 5 on an X-Y-Z worktable 11, connecting a cathode workpiece 6 with a negative electrode of an electrochemical power supply 10 and fixing the cathode workpiece in a deposition liquid cavity of the workpiece clamp 15;
4) the working anode 13 is vertically arranged close to the inner wall of the groove of the workpiece clamp 15, is connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply 10 and keeps a vertical relation with the cathode workpiece 6;
5) fixing an auxiliary anode 8 above a deposition liquid flow channel of a workpiece clamp 15, keeping a parallel relation with a cathode workpiece 6, forming a semi-closed cavity with the clamp body, and ensuring that the deposition liquid 7 flows in the cavity at a constant speed;
6) adjusting the position of a laser spot to enable the laser focus to be positioned above the cathode workpiece 6;
7) the input end of a peristaltic pump 14 is connected with the liquid inlet of a workpiece clamp 15 through a silicone rubber tube, the output end of the peristaltic pump is communicated with the liquid outlet of a liquid storage tank 5 through the silicone rubber tube, and the liquid storage tank is added with a deposition liquid 7.
8) Starting a peristaltic pump 14 to circulate the deposition solution, ensuring that the deposition solution cavity of the clamp is filled with the deposition solution 7 with uniform concentration, and completely immersing the conductive surface of the auxiliary anode 8 and the surface of the cathode workpiece 6;
9) turning on the electrochemical power supply 10 to set electrochemical parameters;
10) and (3) starting the pulse laser 2, and setting different light spot movement paths and laser parameters according to different process requirements, thereby obtaining the effect of preparing the localized micro parts or enhancing the electrodeposition on the whole surface of the workpiece.
Wherein, the cathode workpiece 6 is sequentially subjected to polishing, oil removal, water washing, weak erosion, water washing and drying pretreatment; the voltage of the electrochemical power supply 10 is adjustable within 0-30V, and the duty ratio is 0-100%; the laser 2 is a pulse laser, and the laser focus is focused at a position 0-1 mm above the cathode workpiece 6; the temperature of the deposition solution 7 is kept around 25 ℃.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for composite processing by laser electrodeposition comprises a cathode workpiece (6), a working anode (13) and a laser beam; the cathode workpiece (6) and the working anode (13) are placed in the electrodeposition solution for electrochemical deposition; the device is characterized by further comprising an auxiliary anode (8), wherein the cathode workpiece (6) and the auxiliary anode (8) are arranged in parallel, laser beams penetrate through the auxiliary anode (8) and are irradiated on the cathode workpiece (6), and the working anode (13) and the auxiliary anode (8) are both connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply (10); the cathode workpiece (6) is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece clamp (15) and is clamped by the workpiece clamp (15); the workpiece clamp (15) is internally provided with the electrodeposition liquid, and the solution in the workpiece clamp (15) is circulated by the peristaltic pump (14), so that the concentration uniformity of the electrodeposition liquid is ensured.
2. The apparatus for composite processing by laser electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam is subjected to pattern-wise scanning on the cathode workpiece (6) to finally obtain a three-dimensional fine part.
3. The device for composite processing by laser electrodeposition according to claim 2, wherein after the laser beam completes the first layer scanning on the cathode workpiece (6), the laser beam moves up layer by layer through the control focus of the computer (1), and the pattern-layer scanning is performed, so that the deposits on the surface of the cathode workpiece (6) are continuously superposed to prepare the three-dimensional fine part.
4. The apparatus for composite processing by laser electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary anode (8) is a transparent conductive material having a light transmittance of not less than 80%.
5. The apparatus for hybrid processing by laser electrodeposition according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary anode (8) is a conductive transparent polymer and a conductive glass.
6. The apparatus for hybrid machining by laser electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the auxiliary anode (8) and the cathode workpiece (6) is adjustable by means of insulating spacers of different thicknesses, thereby enabling control of the thickness of the deposition liquid (7) between the auxiliary anode (8) and the cathode workpiece (6); the junction of the auxiliary anode (8) and the workpiece clamp (15) is sealed, so that the deposition liquid (7) is prevented from overflowing.
7. The apparatus for processing by laser electrodeposition as defined in claim 1, wherein the laser beam is subjected to path scanning by fixing the laser beam, the cathode workpiece (6) is placed on an X-Y-Z table (11), and the path scanning is performed by relative movement with respect to the laser spot by a control system of the computer (1); or the cathode workpiece (6) is fixed, and the laser facula realizes path scanning under the control of the optical path transmission system; or the two ways can work together.
8. The apparatus for hybrid machining by laser electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein the cathode workpiece (6) is disposed in parallel below the auxiliary anode (8).
9. The processing method of an apparatus for hybrid processing by laser electrodeposition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface pretreatment on the cathode workpiece (6);
step two: drawing a graph to be deposited in AutoCAD, and leading the graph into a control system after optimization;
step three: fixing a workpiece clamp (15) in a liquid storage tank (5), placing the liquid storage tank (5) on an X-Y-Z worktable (11), connecting a cathode workpiece (6) with the cathode of an electrochemical power supply (10) and fixing the cathode workpiece in a deposition liquid cavity of the workpiece clamp (15);
step four: the working anode (13) is vertically arranged close to the inner wall of the groove of the workpiece clamp (15), is connected with the anode of the electrochemical power supply (10), and simultaneously keeps a vertical relation with the cathode workpiece (6);
step five: an auxiliary anode (8) is fixed above a deposition liquid flow passage of a workpiece clamp (15), keeps parallel relation with a cathode workpiece (6), and forms a semi-closed cavity with the clamp body to ensure that the deposition liquid (7) flows in the cavity at a constant speed;
step six: adjusting the position of a laser spot to enable the laser focus to be positioned above the cathode workpiece (6);
step seven: connecting the input end of a peristaltic pump (14) with a liquid inlet of a workpiece clamp (15) through a silicone rubber tube, connecting the output end of the peristaltic pump with a liquid outlet of a liquid storage tank (5) through the silicone rubber tube, and adding a deposition liquid (7) into the liquid storage tank (5);
step eight: starting a peristaltic pump (14) to circulate the deposition solution, ensuring that the deposition solution cavity of the clamp is filled with the deposition solution (7) with uniform concentration, and completely immersing the conductive surface of the auxiliary anode (8) and the surface of the cathode workpiece (6);
step nine: turning on an electrochemical power supply (10) to set electrochemical parameters;
step ten: and (3) starting the pulse laser (2), and setting different light spot movement paths and laser parameters according to different process requirements, thereby obtaining the effect of preparing the localized micro parts or enhancing the electrodeposition on the whole surface of the workpiece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010831245.4A CN112176383B (en) | 2020-08-18 | 2020-08-18 | Device and method for composite processing by laser electrodeposition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010831245.4A CN112176383B (en) | 2020-08-18 | 2020-08-18 | Device and method for composite processing by laser electrodeposition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112176383A CN112176383A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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| RU2796479C1 (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-05-24 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева Российской академии наук (ФИАН) | Device for combined surface treatment of products from metal or its alloy |
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