CN112175983A - 促进生物素合成的方法、促进生物素合成的重组细胞和基因工程菌 - Google Patents
促进生物素合成的方法、促进生物素合成的重组细胞和基因工程菌 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种促进生物素合成的方法、促进生物素合成的重组细胞和基因工程菌,该方法将枯草芽孢杆菌168(Bacillus subtilis 168)生物素合成操纵子bioWAFDBI中各个生物素合成基因bioW、bioA、bioF、bioD、bioB和bioI单独克隆并重新进行排列组合,其中,基因bioF、bioA、bioD和bioB可以来自其他含有相应基因的微生物。通过强启动子过表达上述重排的生物素合成基因簇,包含这些顺序的载体能够转化到其他微生物中,尤其是易变假单胞菌。通过本发明,获得的工程菌生物素合成能力得到了极大的提升,在添加庚二酸的情况下,上罐补料分批发酵产生了272mg/L生物素,其产量是野生型易变假单胞菌的27200倍。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于基因工程领域,涉及通过微生物发酵生产生物素的方法,生物素合成相关的DNA序列及用这种方法的载体和细胞。
背景技术
生物素(维生素H)是羧化和脱羧化反应的辅酶,是人类、动物、植物和一些微生物的必须维生素。生物素目前被广泛应用于食品、畜牧业、医药、化妆品、生物医学检测、发酵工业等多个领域,因而具有极大的市场应用前景。本发明能够实现经微生物发酵高效生产生物素。
近年来,生物素生物合成途径在原核微生物尤其是大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)中进行了广泛地研究,可分为庚二酸硫酯(庚二酸-CoA或庚二酸-ACP)的合成以及之后双环的形成两个阶段(图1)。庚二酸硫酯的合成路径研究地比较清楚的是以大肠杆菌为代表的革兰氏阴性菌的BioC-BioH路径和以枯草芽孢杆菌为代表的革兰氏阳性菌的BioI-BioW的路径。BioC-BioH路径借用脂肪酸合成路径中的多种脂肪酸合成酶生成庚二酸硫酯,BioI-BioW路径通过游离的庚二酸或脂肪酸长链-ACP裂解生成庚二酸硫酯。双环形成过程是比较保守的,包括四步反应,前体物质庚二酸硫酯依次被BioF、BioA、BioD和BioB转化成7-酮基-8-氨基壬酸(AON),7,8-二氨基壬酸(DAN),脱硫生物素(DTB)以及生物素(Biotin)(图1)。
目前,多种生物素高产菌曾被报道,包括大肠杆菌(E.coli)、沙雷氏菌(Serratiamarcescens)、库特氏菌(Kurthia sp.)、少动鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas sp.)、根瘤菌(Agrobacterium/Rhizobium)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)等。
国外学者通常通过诱变育种结合基因工程策略来获得生物素高产菌株,并且取得了明显的成效。例如,Kanzaki等人通过亚硝基胍(NTG)和紫外诱变结合,经苏氨酸类似物β-羟基正缬氨酸(β-HN)筛选以提高大肠杆菌SAM水平,进一步过表达内源生物素基因簇bioABFCD,工程菌株经上罐分批补料发酵产生了970mg/L生物素(United States Patent6,284,500);Sakurai等人将沙雷氏菌(S.marcescens)通过NTG诱变后经生物素类似物阿克唑酸(ACM)和5-(2-噻吩基)-戊酸(TVA)筛选,进一步过表达内源性的生物素基因簇bioABFCD,生物素产量可达500mg/L(Appl.Environ.Microb.59(9):2857-63),再次将该生物素高产菌株进行诱变,经乙硫氨基酪酸和氨乙基半胱氨酸筛选,获得的诱变菌株再次过表达内源生物素基因簇bioABFCD,最后通过分批补料发酵后生物素产量可达600mg/L(J.Biotech.36(1):63-73.)。
随着基因工程技术的发展,直接通过基因工程策略来提高生物素产量的方法也被采用。例如,Sabatié等人将球形芽孢杆菌(B.sphaericus)的两个生物素操纵子bioXWF和bioDAYB导入到大肠杆菌中,经分批补料发酵生物素水平达到了45mg/L(J.Biotechnol.,1991,20(1),29-49);Saito等人将鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas paucimobilis)生物素操纵子bioABFCD导入到一株生物素高产的野生型鞘氨醇单胞菌中,通过分批补料发酵产生了66mg/L生物素(Biochem.Eng.J.,2000,5(2):129-136);Shaw等人将大肠杆菌的生物素基因簇bioABFCD导入根瘤菌(Agrobacterium/Rhizobium)中,经20天发酵产生了110mg/L生物素。
目前,利用微生物发酵生产生物素存在生物素前体过量积累、生物素转化率低等问题。有研究表明,从庚二酸-ACP(或庚二酸-辅酶A)到生物素合成过程中各步所需酶的催化效率不高,以大肠杆菌为例,BioF、BioA、BioD和BioB的催化效率分别为0.06s-1、0.013s-1、0.06s-1和0.002s-1。其中,过表达内源性的限速酶BioB往往造成菌体生长的抑制。因此,选择合适高效的生物素合成基因进行过表达以及如何对这些基因进行重排,使上述基因的表达最有利于生物素的合成是今后需要解决的重要问题。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于提高一种促进生物素合成的方法,解决微生物发酵生产生物素过程中生物素前体过量积累、生物素转化率低等问题。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种促进生物素合成的方法,其特征在于,将枯草芽孢杆菌168(Bacillussubtilis 168)生物素合成操纵子bioWAFDBI中各个生物素合成基因bioW(SEQ ID NO.1)、bioA(SEQ ID NO.2)、bioF(SEQ ID NO.3)、bioD(SEQ ID NO.4)、bioB(SEQ ID NO.5)和bioI(SEQ ID NO.6)单独克隆并进行重排,通过强启动子过表达上述重排的生物素合成基因簇,从而促进生物素的高效合成;其中,生物素合成基因bioW编码庚二酸辅酶A合成酶,生物素合成基因bioA编码7,8-二氨基壬酸转氨酶,生物素合成基因bioF编码7-酮基-8-氨基壬酸合成酶,生物素合成基因bioD编码脱硫生物素合成酶,生物素合成基因bioB编码生物素合成酶,生物素合成基因bioI编码裂解长链脂肪酰基-ACP生成庚二酸-ACP的P450氧化酶。
所述基因bioW和bioI来自于枯草芽孢杆菌168,基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB来自于枯草芽孢杆菌168或其它含有相应基因的生物素自养型微生物,比如来自铜绿假单胞菌PAO1的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB,或者大肠杆菌MG1655的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB或者恶臭假单胞菌KT2240的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB。
本发明通过以质粒形式过表达重排的生物素合成相关基因,如bioWIABFD,实现生物素的高效合成。步骤为:
(1)单独克隆枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis 168)的生物素合成基因bioW、bioI、bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB,同时在每个目的基因前加入优化的核糖体结合位点,通过Gibison多片段重组构建广宿主表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIABFD,该表达质粒含有强启动转录的生物素合成基因簇bioWIABFD,能促进生物素高效合成。
(2)将上述构建成功的含有生物素合成基因簇bioWIABFD的表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIABFD通过电转化方法导入宿主细胞中,宿主细胞可以是大肠杆菌、恶臭假单胞菌或易变假单胞菌。
进一步,通过构建含有枯草芽孢杆菌来源的经优化表达的生物素合成基因簇bioWIABFD的重组细胞,来促进生物素的高效合成。
本发明的另一个方面是提供一种能够高效合成生物素的重组细胞,该细胞包含枯草芽孢杆菌来源的bioW和bioI以及下游的生物素合成基因bioA、bioB、bioF和bioD。
本发明的第三个方面是提供一种高效合成生物素的基因工程菌,包含SEQ 1~6所示的DNA序列。
本发明的第四个方面是提供一种高效合成生物素的重组细胞,包含SEQ 1~6所示的DNA序列。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在:通过对生物素合成相关基因进行重排和表达优化,可以极大地促进生物素的高效合成。通过本发明的基因工程菌具有高效合成生物素的能力,在添加外源庚二酸的情况下,摇瓶发酵产生了87mg/L生物素,进一步通过上罐分批补料发酵产生了272mg/L生物素。
附图说明:
图1是微生物合成生物素路径图。
图2是重组质粒pBBR1M-bioWIAFBD PCR验证核酸电泳图。
图3是工程菌株PM/WIABFD摇瓶发酵结果。
图4是工程菌株PM/WIAFDB上罐分批补料发酵结果。
图5是反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定发酵液中生物素含量结果。
图6是利用微生物生长圈法对RP-HPLC法测定生物素结果进行验证。
具体实施方案
通过以下实施例更好地说明本发明内容,但本发明不限于下述实施例。
实施例中各成分分析检测方法的建立
RP-HPLC测定生物素方法的建立:
将发酵液样品经12000rpm离心5min,吸取上清作为样品进行生物素含量的RP-HPLC测定。使用液相仪器为美国Waters公司的ACQUITY Arc系统,同时配合使用Waters公司的C18反向色谱柱(150×4.6mm,3.5μm,Cortecs T3),UV检测波长200nm。流动相为92%的缓冲溶液(1mL三乙胺和0.8mL 85%H3PO4加入到920mL去离子水)和8%的乙腈(V:V),流速1mL/min,柱温30℃。
RP-HPLC测定庚二酸方法的建立:
庚二酸含量的测定参考上述生物素含量的RP-HPLC测定法,检测波长设为210nm,其余条件相同。
微生物生长圈法测定生物素方法的建立:
在MRS平板上挑取植物乳杆菌ATCC8014单菌落,接种到含50mL MRS液体培养基摇瓶,37℃200rpm过夜培养,吸取1mL菌液离心弃上清,使用PBS溶液洗涤菌体三遍,最后用100μL PBS重悬。将菌体加入到含有未凝固的生物素测定培养基的锥形瓶中,混匀后立即倒入干净的的培养皿。随后,吸取适量的生物素标准品和发酵液样品,点加在滤纸片上,待滤纸片干燥后,用镊子转移至混有植物乳杆菌的生物素测定平板上,37℃恒温培养箱培养16~20h。根据不同生物素浓度所产生的菌圈直径,绘制生物素标准曲线,根据该标准曲线菌圈直径和生物素浓度的函数关系,从样品形成的菌圈直径可计算出样品中的生物素浓度。
甘油浓度的测定:取经稀释的甘油标准品和发酵液样品100μL,分别另加入100μL0.015M高碘酸钠,混匀,室温静置反应10min;依次加入200μL 0.1%鼠李糖溶液,400μLNash试剂(乙酸铵150g,冰醋酸2mL,乙酰丙酮2mL,去离子水定容至1L),混匀,53℃水浴15min;以空白作参比,测定412nm波长下的OD值,绘制甘油浓度和吸光度值之间的标准曲线。按照标准曲线结果测定发酵液中甘油浓度。发酵液样品甘油浓度(g/L)=(OD412÷斜率)×稀释倍数。
细胞密度测定:使用紫外分光光度计测定其在波长600nm下的吸光度值(OD600控制在0.2~0.8),测定值乘以稀释倍数即为细胞密度。
实施例1:表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIAFDB的构建
质粒构建所需引物见表1。首先使用引物对bioW-F/bioW-R、bioI-F/bioI-R、pBBR1M-Pnpt2-F/pBBR1M-Pnpt2-R和pBBR1M-F/pBBR1M-R分别扩增bioW、bioI、强启动子Pnpt2和质粒骨架pBBR1M,使用Gibison重组构建质粒pBBR1M-bioWI。随后,使用引物对bioF-F/bioF-R、bioA-F/bioA-R、bioD-F/bioD-R和bioB-F/bioB-R分别扩增枯草芽孢杆菌生物素合成基因bioF、bioA、bioD和bioB,使用限制性内切酶XbaI酶切已构的表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWI,将以上五片段进行Gibison重组,重组产物经大肠杆菌转化,涂布培养后挑取单菌落经PCR验证,PCR验证结果见图2。挑取正确的转化子提取质粒并送测序,测序正确的即为构建成功的表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIAFDB。
表1为构建表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIAFDB所需引物
实施例2:生物素生产菌株的获得
易变假单胞菌感受态细胞的制备和转化方法参考模式菌株恶臭假单胞菌KT2440电转化方法。将表达质粒pBBR1M-bioWIABFD导入易变假单胞菌感受态细胞,使用相应引物进行PCR验证,获得的菌株命名为PM/WIABFD。
实施例3:工程菌株的摇瓶发酵
种子培养基的配置(%):葡萄糖2.0,胰蛋白胨2.0,酵母提取物1.0,Na2HPO4·12H2O1.8,KH2PO4 0.405,(NH4)2SO4 0.2,MgSO4·7H2O 0.08,pH 7.1。
发酵培养基的配置(%):甘油4.0,胰蛋白胨2.0,(NH4)2SO4 0.2,Na2HPO4·12H2O1.8,KH2PO4 0.405,MgSO4·7H2O 0.08,FeSO4·7H2O 0.0012,庚二酸0.1,pH 7.0。
从LB固体平板上挑取工程菌PM/WIABFD接种到种子培养基,过夜培养(28℃,200rpm),转接2%种子液(OD~2.0)到含有50mL发酵培养基的摇瓶(250mL),28℃,200rpm培养,取样时间为第2-8天,发酵液经12000rpm离心2min,取上清,使用RP-HPLC测定发酵液中生物素含量。工程菌PM/WIABFD经7天发酵产生了87mg/L生物素,具体情况如图3所示。
实施例4:工程菌株的上罐批示发酵
从LB固体平板上挑取工程菌PM/WIABFD接种到种子培养基,过夜培养(28℃,200rpm),转接5%种子液(OD~2.0)到含有2L工作容积的发酵罐,温度控制在28℃,溶氧控制在2%以上,转速控制在400rpm,每隔8h取样,同时测定发酵液中的各组分的含量,使用6MNaOH或HCl控制pH在7.2~8.0。分批补料发酵结果见图4,在起始甘油(20g/L)被消耗完时,慢速流补800g/L甘油至发酵罐使甘油终浓度在发酵过程中始终保持在1g/L左右。细胞密度(OD600)稳定地增加并在133.5h左右达到最大值171.6,庚二酸在108h左右被消耗殆尽,然而生物素产量始终持续性地上升并在166h左右达到最大值272mg/L,这是迄今利用理性代谢设计微生物产生物素报道的最高产量。
实施例5:利用微生物生长圈法对RP-HPLC测定生物素结果进行验证
将发酵液样品F7(经摇瓶7天发酵)和L19(经上罐166h发酵)分别稀释80倍和200倍,使用微生物生长圈法测定生物素含量,测定结果见图6,微生物生长圈法和RP-HPLC生物素含量比较见表2。
表2 RP-HPLC法和微生物素生长圈法测定生物素含量比较
Claims (6)
1.促进生物素合成的方法,其特征在于,将枯草芽孢杆菌168(Bacillus subtilis168)生物素合成操纵子bioWAFDBI中各个生物素合成基因bioW(SEQ ID NO.1)、bioA(SEQID NO.2)、bioF(SEQ ID NO.3)、bioD(SEQ ID NO.4)、bioB(SEQ ID NO.5)和bioI(SEQ IDNO.6)单独克隆并进行重排,通过强启动子过表达上述重排的生物素合成基因簇,从而促进生物素的高效合成;其中,生物素合成基因bioW编码庚二酸辅酶A合成酶,生物素合成基因bioA编码7,8-二氨基壬酸转氨酶,生物素合成基因bioF编码7-酮基-8-氨基壬酸合成酶,生物素合成基因bioD编码脱硫生物素合成酶,生物素合成基因bioB编码生物素合成酶,生物素合成基因bioI编码裂解长链脂肪酰基-ACP生成庚二酸-ACP的P450氧化酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,基因bioW和bioI来自于枯草芽孢杆菌168,基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB来自于枯草芽孢杆菌168或其它含有相应基因的微生物。
3.根据权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,所述基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB来自其它含有相应基因的微生物,包括来自铜绿假单胞菌PAO1的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB,或者大肠杆菌MG1655的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB或者恶臭假单胞菌KT2240的生物素合成基因bioA、bioF、bioD和bioB。
4.一种促进生物素合成的重组细胞,其特征在于,该细胞含有枯草芽孢杆菌来源的bioW和bioI以及枯草芽孢杆菌或其他微生物来源的bioA、bioF、bioD、bioB。
5.一种高效合成生物素的基因工程菌,其特征在于,含有SEQ1~6所示DNA序列。
6.一种高效合成生物素的重组细胞,其特征在于,含有SEQ1~6所示DNA序列。
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CN112877258A (zh) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-01 | 南京吉星生物技术开发有限公司 | 一株枯草芽孢杆菌jx-20菌株及其应用 |
CN114480525A (zh) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-13 | 浙江圣达生物药业股份有限公司 | 一种提高d-生物素产量的生产方法 |
CN114480525B (zh) * | 2022-01-06 | 2024-06-07 | 浙江圣达生物药业股份有限公司 | 一种提高d-生物素产量的生产方法 |
CN115491402A (zh) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-20 | 盐城工学院 | 一种基于多酶级联反应的生物合成方法 |
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