CN112167459A - Pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reduction feed capable of improving production performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reduction feed capable of improving production performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167459A CN112167459A CN202011175310.9A CN202011175310A CN112167459A CN 112167459 A CN112167459 A CN 112167459A CN 202011175310 A CN202011175310 A CN 202011175310A CN 112167459 A CN112167459 A CN 112167459A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reduction feed capable of improving production performance and a preparation method thereof. 45-50 parts of naturally air-dried primary corn, 9-11 parts of puffed soybean meal, 5-7 parts of full cream rice bran, 7-9 parts of rice bran meal, 2-4 parts of bread slag, 3-5 parts of dried and cured soybean meal, 4-6 parts of soybean hull, 5-7 parts of domestic beet meal, 4-5 parts of micro-ecological fermentation raw materials, 2-3 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.1-0.2 part of baking soda, 0.2-0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.25-0.3 part of amino acid, 0.6-0.9 part of salt, 0.2-0.23 part of compound vitamin, 0.05-0.1 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.2-0.4 part of compound functional sugar. The invention can effectively improve the production performance of pregnant sows, reduce the emission of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal trace elements in the manure of the pregnant sows and achieve the aim of effectively combining environmental protection and cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reduction feed capable of improving production performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the large scale and the intensification degree of the animal husbandry in China, a large amount of pollutants such as manure nitrogen, manure phosphorus, trace elements and the like are generated in the production process of livestock and poultry, resources on which people live are seriously damaged, and the high-dose trace elements are widely applied to animal feed due to the special effects of resisting bacteria and promoting growth. However, long-term application of high-dose trace elements can cause chronic poisoning of animals, cause nutrient deficiency, accumulate in animal products and indirectly damage human health through a food chain. Because the absorption rate of animals to inorganic trace elements is low, most of the trace elements are discharged out of the body, and environmental pollution is caused.
In the pregnant stage of the sow with the longest growth cycle time of the pig, the discharge amount of excrement and harmful gas of excrement is very large, the growth and reproduction performance of the sow is ensured, the use of antibiotics in the whole pregnancy period is reduced, the production cost of feed is reduced, and the excretion of excrement nitrogen and heavy metal is reduced, so that the problem to be solved in the nutriology is urgently solved, and the sow feed has wide application space.
The low-carbon emission-reduction feed for the pregnant sows, which is provided by the invention and has the advantages of improving the production performance, effectively improving the immunity of the sows in the gestation period, reducing the use of antibiotics in the gestation period and improving the reproductive performance of the sows, and the preparation method thereof. The feed for the pregnant sows has the advantages of ensuring the amino acid balance of the feed for the pregnant sows, improving the protein digestion and absorption rate, reducing the crude protein content of the feed on the basis of ensuring the growth and breeding of the sows, reducing the addition of the national short-supply protein raw materials in the feed, and reducing the transitional emission of the manure nitrogen and the manure phosphorus of the pregnant sows. By adding the composite oligosaccharide and the microecological fermentation components, the digestibility of the pig on nutrient substances can be improved by regulating and controlling gastrointestinal flora, the immunity is effectively improved, and the reproductive performance of the pig is further improved. The fermentation process of adding inorganic trace elements in the micro-ecological fermentation components can effectively improve the utilization rate of the trace elements by 20 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-carbon emission-reduction feed for pregnant sows, which is capable of improving the production performance and a preparation method thereof, and mainly aims at an intensive pig farm, the pregnant sows are fed in a targeted manner, the excrement pollution condition and the feed waste condition in the pregnancy are relieved by a nutrition means, the use amount of protein raw materials and the emission of heavy metal trace elements in excrement nitrogen, excrement phosphorus and excrement are reduced on the basis of ensuring that the reproductive performance of the sows in the pregnancy stage is improved and no antibiotics are generated, and the pollution problem of the pregnant sows to the environment is reduced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the low-carbon emission-reduction feed for pregnant sows, which improves the productivity, comprises the following steps of: 45-50 parts of naturally air-dried primary corn, 9-11 parts of puffed soybean meal, 5-7 parts of full cream rice bran, 7-9 parts of rice bran meal, 2-4 parts of bread slag, 3-5 parts of dried and cured soybean meal, 4-6 parts of soybean hull, 5-7 parts of domestic beet meal, 4-5 parts of micro-ecological fermentation raw materials, 2-3 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.1-0.2 part of baking soda, 0.2-0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.25-0.3 part of amino acid, 0.6-0.9 part of salt, 0.2-0.23 part of compound vitamin, 0.05-0.1 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.2-0.4 part of compound functional sugar.
The weight percentages of the components are respectively as follows: 46.3 parts of natural air-dried first-class corn, 10.4 parts of expanded soybean meal, 6 parts of full cream rice bran, 9 parts of rice bran meal, 4 parts of bread slag, 4.2 parts of dried and cured soybean meal, 5 parts of soybean hull, 5 parts of domestic beet pulp, 4.67 parts of micro-ecological fermentation components, 2.16 parts of stone powder, 1.17 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.1 part of baking soda, 0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.28 part of amino acid, 0.83 part of salt, 0.21 part of compound vitamin, 0.08 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.35 part of compound functional sugar.
The compound functional sugar is as follows: the addition proportion of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the fructooligosaccharide and the yeast cell wall polysaccharide is respectively 10 percent, 10 percent and 80 percent of the total amount of the compound functional sugar.
The microbial fermentation components comprise the following raw materials and strains: wheat bran, dried and cured bean dregs, gunite corn bran, corn germ meal, 43% protein bean meal, stone powder, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and cane sugar are mixed, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, candida utilis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum are added as fermentation strains, mixed fermentation is carried out, a special fermentation trace element technology is adopted, and the total effective viable count is 40 hundred million/g.
The low-carbon emission-reduction feed comprises: the crude protein is less than or equal to 14 percent, the crude fiber is more than or equal to 6.1 percent, the volume weight of the first-class naturally air-dried corn is more than or equal to 710g/L, and the protein content of the puffed soybean meal is more than or equal to 43 percent.
The low-carbon emission-reduction feed for improving the antioxidant capacity and immunity of pregnant sows, further improving the reproductive performance and reducing the emission of harmful gases and heavy metal trace elements in the gestation period of the sows is suitable for the feeding stage of the sows in the gestation period of 0-95 days.
The invention discloses a low-carbon emission-reduction feed for pregnant sows, which is subjected to a comparative test in Gushi animal husbandry Limited company in autonomous county of Duerbet Mongolia of Heilongjiang province: the test group uses the low-carbon emission-reducing feed for pregnant sows, and the control group does not use the feed.
The results show that: (1) test animals: the method comprises the steps of randomly selecting 80 head bodies with similar conditions to successfully breed sows (with backfat of 15-18 mm), randomly dividing the sows into two treatment groups (a control group and a test group), wherein 40 pregnant sows in each treatment group are tracked until piglets are weaned (20 days after delivery). The experiment is repeated for 4 times, the whole experiment period is 160 days, 320 pregnant sows are selected in the whole experiment, the contrast group is used for feeding pregnant sow feed sold in the market, and the test group is used for feeding developed low-carbon emission-reducing feed for the pregnant sows. The daily feed intake of each pregnant sow is controlled between 2-2.5kg, and the pregnant sows are fed in 2 tons every day.
(2) Index measurement: counting the number of newborn piglets and the number of born piglets: after the pigs of each test group are delivered, the birth weight of the corresponding piglets is measured, the average weight of the piglets delivered by each test individual is calculated, and the number of the piglets born by the corresponding individual is recorded.
Collecting excrement: the first sampling is carried out at 46 th, 47 th and 48 th day of pregnancy of the sow, and the second sampling is carried out at 94 th, 95 th and 96 th day of pregnancy of the sow. Performing multi-point collection on each circle of excrement at the same time for 3d continuously (collecting about 500g of fresh excrement which does not contact with metal and the ground); drying in a 65 ℃ forced air drying oven for 48h, and dampening for 24 h. Sampling about 200g of the dried excrement sample by adopting a quartering method, crushing the sample uniformly, sieving the crushed sample by a 40-mesh sieve to prepare an air-dried sample, and storing the air-dried sample in a sealed bag in the shade to analyze the content of trace elements in the excrement.
Treating a manure sample: thawing the manure sample, quickly drying a part of the manure sample at 105 ℃ for 1 h, drying the manure sample at 65 ℃ to constant weight, crushing the manure sample, preparing an air-dried sample, and filling the air-dried sample into a ground bottle for measuring the contents of manure nitrogen and manure phosphorus. In another part, the content of harmful gases in the feces was measured, and the total feces sample from each pig was thawed and homogenized, and then stored in a 2.6L plastic box having a small hole sealed with a tape in the middle of the box wall. The samples were fermented at 25 ℃ for 5d and then NH3 and H2S of the feces were collected using a gas sampling pump. Before the measurement, the samples were shaken manually in the slurry state for about 30 s to break the formation of lumps on the surface of the slurry samples and to homogenize them. The adhesive was then punctured and 100 mL of fecal or serosal headspace air was collected, after which each well was resealed with adhesive. The samples were collected and measured repeatedly on days 10 and 15 where air samples were collected, and the final content of each harmful gas was an average of 3 determinations.
Collecting serum: on the 48 th day and the 96 th day of the experiment, blood is collected from each treatment group of pregnant sows in each batch, 10 mL of blood is collected from the ear vein by a disposable blood collecting device, the blood is kept still for 30 min, and then the blood is centrifuged for 15 min at 3000 r/min to separate the serum. The separated serum was stored at-20 deg.C and tested for copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC).
(3) And (3) test results: as can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control group, the number of born piglets is increased by 69, the number of weaned piglets is increased by 76, and the survival rate is improved by 0.86%.
TABLE 1 pig production index statistics
Note: 1) data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; 2) the difference between the shoulder marks of the same person is significant (P<0.05), no shoulder marks between peers are not significantly different (P>0.05), the following table.
TABLE 2 Total nitrogen, phosphorus and harmful gas emissions in feces of pregnant sows
As can be seen from Table 2, the total nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the pig manure in the test group are both significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the contents of harmful gases NH3 and H2S in the pig manure in the test group are also significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
TABLE 3 and 4 Trace element content in pregnant sow feces
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, on the 48 th day of pregnancy of the sow, the contents of Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe in the feces are all reduced, and the test group and the control group have no significant difference (P is more than 0.05); on day 96, the contents of Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe in the feces are all reduced compared with the control group sows, and the Cu content in the feces is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.05). The Zn content in the feces is extremely reduced (P < 0.01).
TABLE 5 serum antioxidant index of pregnant sow
As can be seen from Table 5, the pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reduction feed test groups improve the T-AOC, Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD contents in the serum of the sow on the 48 th day and the 96 th day of pregnancy, wherein the T-AOC content is obviously improved (P is less than 0.05).
TABLE 6 immune index of pregnant sow
As can be seen from Table 6, the low-carbon emission-reducing feed test groups of the pregnant sows significantly improve the contents of IgG, IgA and IgM in the serum of the sows at 48 th and 96 th days of pregnancy, wherein the content of IgG is significantly improved (P is less than 0.05). The prepared low-carbon emission-reduction feed for pregnant sows is subjected to product verification tests in a pig farm, and test results show that: compared with the common pregnant sow feed in the market, the daily ration developed can obviously improve the immunity and the antioxidant capacity of the sow, and further the litter size and the survival rate of piglets. Meanwhile, the emission of harmful gases such as total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the manure of the pregnant sows can be effectively reduced, and the emission of trace elements in the manure is reduced, so that the pollution of the sows to the environment is effectively reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) under the condition of no antibiotics, the micro-ecological fermentation raw materials are added to effectively improve the immunity and the oxidation resistance of the pregnant sows, so that the reproductive performance of the pregnant sows is improved. (2) Under the mode of low-protein ideal amino acid, the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure of the pregnant sows and harmful gases is effectively reduced. (3) The addition of the fermentation trace elements in the micro-ecological fermentation components can effectively reduce the content of heavy metal trace elements in the excrement of the pregnant sows.
Claims (5)
1. The low-carbon emission-reduction feed for pregnant sows, which improves the productivity, and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-50 parts of naturally air-dried primary corn, 9-11 parts of puffed soybean meal, 5-7 parts of full cream rice bran, 7-9 parts of rice bran meal, 2-4 parts of bread slag, 3-5 parts of dried and cured soybean meal, 4-6 parts of soybean hull, 5-7 parts of domestic beet meal, 4-5 parts of micro-ecological fermentation raw materials, 2-3 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.1-0.2 part of baking soda, 0.2-0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.25-0.3 part of amino acid, 0.6-0.9 part of salt, 0.2-0.23 part of compound vitamin, 0.05-0.1 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.2-0.4 part of compound functional sugar.
2. The low-carbon emission-reducing feed for pregnant sows, which improves the productivity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the sow (with the weight of 130-: 46.3 parts of natural air-dried first-class corn, 10.4 parts of expanded soybean meal, 6 parts of full cream rice bran, 9 parts of rice bran meal, 4 parts of bread slag, 4.2 parts of dried and cured soybean meal, 5 parts of soybean hull, 5 parts of domestic beet pulp, 4.67 parts of micro-ecological fermentation components, 2.16 parts of stone powder, 1.17 parts of calcium hydrophosphate (III), 0.1 part of baking soda, 0.25 part of potassium chloride, 0.28 part of amino acid, 0.83 part of salt, 0.21 part of compound vitamin, 0.08 part of compound biological enzyme and 0.35 part of compound functional sugar.
3. The pregnant sow low-carbon emission-reducing feed for improving the production performance and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein the compound functional sugar is: the addition proportion of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the fructooligosaccharide and the yeast cell wall polysaccharide is respectively 10 percent, 10 percent and 80 percent of the total amount of the compound functional sugar.
4. The low-carbon emission-reducing feed for pregnant sows, which can improve the productivity, and the preparation method of the low-carbon emission-reducing feed, as claimed in claims 1 and 2, is characterized in that the microecological fermentation components comprise the following raw materials and strains: wheat bran, dried and cured bean dregs, gunite corn bran, corn germ meal, 43% protein bean meal, stone powder, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate and cane sugar are mixed, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, candida utilis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and clostridium butyricum are added as fermentation strains, mixed fermentation is carried out, a special fermentation trace element technology is adopted, and the total effective viable count is 40 hundred million/g.
5. The low-carbon emission-reducing feed for pregnant sows, which improves the productivity, and the preparation method of the feed, as claimed in claims 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the low-carbon emission-reduction feed comprises: the crude protein is less than or equal to 14 percent, the crude fiber is more than or equal to 6.1 percent, the volume weight of the first-class naturally air-dried corn is more than or equal to 710g/L, and the protein content of the puffed soybean meal is more than or equal to 43 percent.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103875932A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Functional glycoconjugate for improving sow breeding performance |
| CN104161219A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-11-26 | 上海新农饲料股份有限公司 | Sow pregnancy early stage compound feed for promoting sow welfare and improving sow reproductive performance, and processing method thereof |
| CN108719645A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-02 | 宁波科瑞特动物药业有限公司 | A kind of effective novel creep feed companion |
| AU2020100242A4 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-04-02 | Chengdu Fenglan Technology Co.,Ltd | Wet-base fermented feed for perinatal sow and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-10-29 CN CN202011175310.9A patent/CN112167459A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103875932A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Functional glycoconjugate for improving sow breeding performance |
| CN104161219A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-11-26 | 上海新农饲料股份有限公司 | Sow pregnancy early stage compound feed for promoting sow welfare and improving sow reproductive performance, and processing method thereof |
| CN108719645A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-02 | 宁波科瑞特动物药业有限公司 | A kind of effective novel creep feed companion |
| AU2020100242A4 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-04-02 | Chengdu Fenglan Technology Co.,Ltd | Wet-base fermented feed for perinatal sow and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210105 |