CN112166016B - 制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法 - Google Patents

制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112166016B
CN112166016B CN201980022678.0A CN201980022678A CN112166016B CN 112166016 B CN112166016 B CN 112166016B CN 201980022678 A CN201980022678 A CN 201980022678A CN 112166016 B CN112166016 B CN 112166016B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
dry
mat
fibres
thermoforming
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201980022678.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN112166016A (zh
Inventor
D.迈耶斯
J.平诺宁
M.托恩布洛姆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stora Enso Oyj
Original Assignee
Stora Enso Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stora Enso Oyj filed Critical Stora Enso Oyj
Publication of CN112166016A publication Critical patent/CN112166016A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112166016B publication Critical patent/CN112166016B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0218—Mixing the material with binding agent in rotating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/12—Moulding of mats from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/558—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in combination with mechanical or physical treatments other than embossing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/002—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
    • B29C51/145—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets having at least one layer of textile or fibrous material combined with at least one plastics layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2001/00—Use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2423/12—Polypropene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及制造适合用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法。本发明涉及干法成型工艺，其中，在干法成型方法中，在成型之前，纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维已经被交联剂浸渍但没有与交联剂交联。本发明还涉及根据所述方法制造的干法成网的垫，并且，涉及由这样的干法成网的垫制造的热成型的制品。

Description

制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及制造适合用于热成型的干法成网(干铺，dry-laid)的垫(毡，mat)的方法。本发明涉及干法成型工艺，其中，在干法成型方法中，在成型之前，纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维已经被交联剂浸渍但没有与交联剂交联。本发明还涉及根据所述方法制造的干法成网的垫以及由这样的干法成网的垫制造的热成型的制品。
背景技术
随着对人为引发的气候变化以及不可再生资源的枯竭的关注日益增加，采用由可再生的、天然的原材料产生的那些材料代替衍生自石油的材料的兴趣激增。与作为有限的资源的石油相比，天然材料(比如木材)不断地重新生长和再生，并且，在该重新生长期间，还充当二氧化碳的捕集器。纸张、板材和纤维板(比如MDF)是衍生自天然纤维的材料，其在市场上已经存在了很长时间，并且仍然具有很多应用。然而，这些材料一旦被设定(set)，其挺度(stiffness)和刚度(rigidity)使得不可能将它们成型为任何随意的3维结构体，这限制了其适用性。在其中对制品及其包装这两者而言设计都是卖点的市场中，可成型性是非常期望的性质并且是热塑性聚合物自发明以来其发展的主要原因之一。
纸张和板材材料的刚度来自纤维-纤维联结(结合，键合，bond)，其将刚性的纤维连接成网络结构。这些是在制造过程中通过水介导形成的(formed mediated)，并且，在干燥步骤中，随着该水的除去而被固结(巩固，consolidate)。它们向干形式的幅材提供强度和挺度。因此，无论是纸张或板材，还是纤维板，均未表现出任何热塑性并且在加热时不能成为可延展的(malleable)或可模塑的。为了使得基于天然纤维的材料成为可模塑的，则不仅必须不能存在纸张类型的纤维-纤维联结，纤维还必须能够相对彼此移动，至少直到材料成型为其最终形状。这样的材料的基本类型是经熔融混合的天然纤维-聚合物复合物，自1980年代对此已有描述(D.Maldas、B.V.Kokta和C.Daneault，Journal of AppliedPolymer Science，1989，第38卷，第413-439页；US4,376,144；US4,791,020)。如果该工艺中的基质聚合物是疏水性的，则通常的做法是添加偶联剂以使得纤维和基质相容，并改善最终复合材料的性质。这些通常是接枝有在混合过程中可与纤维素表面和木质素表面形成共价键的基团的聚合物，或者，与在混合过程中可与纤维素表面和木质素表面形成共价键的基团共聚的聚合物。
与可成型的天然纤维材料的概念接近的另一种方式是通过干法成型方法(比如气流成网(air-laying)(US3,575,749)或用于纤维板的干法成型方法)来使纤维材料成型为幅材或垫。在这些情况中，不存在水介导的纤维-纤维联结，并且，垫可理论上通过标准方法(比如，匹配的模具热成型(matched molds thermoforming))进行成型，在该方法期间，初始多孔的材料也被压实(压缩)至高得多的密度。然而，在成网过程(laying process)中，通常向纤维混合物中引入聚合物粘合剂的原因是：为了干法成网的垫的整体性和强度，在升高的温度下进行挤压之前，纤维需要彼此通过一些方式而联结。该粘合剂将帮助在处理和运输期间保持干法成网的垫的结构。如果该粘合剂为热塑性材料，当聚合物粘合剂通过加热而软化时，所述垫可成型为3D结构体(EP1840043A1、EP1446286A1)。在纤维板中，通过加入将纤维粘合在一起的树脂而将纤维彼此联结。在标准的纤维板品质中，这是热固性树脂(传统上是脲/甲醛)，其提供了在加热时不可成型的板。已经提出了其中粘合剂至少部分地为热塑性的方法(US4,474,846、WO2007/073218A1)，其可在初始挤压和固结操作之后，提供可成型的MDF(诸如板)。
后一概念允许复合物中高得多的纤维负载量，但如此一来，纤维素纤维和木质纤维素纤维的吸湿特性对最终生产出的材料具有甚至更大的影响。当纤维素和木质纤维素纤维从空气或水中吸收水分时，其发生膨胀(swell)。这是在熔融混合的复合物中已经存在的问题，其中，它可能导致整个材料的膨胀和变形，颜色偏移(color shift)，以及，随着时间而降低的强度性质。其还促进霉菌和真菌这两者在复合物中以及在复合物上的生长。随着纤维含量的提高，这些问题将愈发严重，直到在湿润或足够潮湿时，材料就像未经处理的纸张一样发生碎裂(崩解，disintegrate)。
因此，需要用于制造适合用于热成型的垫或幅材的方法，其将提供经热成型的制品的改善的性质。
发明内容
已令人惊奇地发现，通过根据本发明的方法可以部分或完全避免上述问题。
本发明涉及制造适合用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法，包括以下步骤
a)将纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维与交联剂混合，或者，用交联剂浸渍纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维，随后，在该纤维的温度不超过150℃的这样的条件下，将纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维和交联剂的混合物干燥；随后
b)通过在该纤维的温度不超过150℃的这样的条件下进行的干法成型工艺，使包含该步骤a)的产物的垫成型，所述步骤a)的产物的水分含量小于10重量％。
在本发明的上下文中，术语--适合用于热成型的垫--指的是这样的片材、幅材或垫，其可被成型为三维形状并同时通过热成型(即，通过暴露于热和压力)而固结。在热成型期间，根据本发明的方法制造的垫在压力下暴露于150℃至220℃的温度。在热成型期间使用的压力典型地为至少1-100MPa。用于热成型的条件使得交联反应(即固化)在热成型的同时发生。
凭借根据本发明的方法，步骤a)和步骤b)中使用的温度使得在步骤a)或步骤b)期间基本上不发生交联反应。由于交联反应在热成型的同时发生，因此，所实现的交联不仅是纤维内交联，还有纤维间交联，即，实现了单根纤维之间的交联，这在热成型之后导致所成型的制品的改善的水分耐受性和尺寸稳定性。因此，对于向通过根据本发明的方法制得的垫添加任何疏水化试剂的需要典型地变低。
当在根据本发明的方法的步骤b)中对垫进行干法成型时，所述垫还可包含最高达40重量％(以形成垫的材料的干重量计)的至少一种聚合物(比如热塑性聚合物)。优选地，聚合物的量小于30重量％，更优选小于20重量％。优选地，聚合物的量为至少1重量％。
当在根据本发明的方法的步骤b)中对垫进行干法成型时，所述垫还可包含最高达10重量％(以形成垫的材料的干重量计)的添加剂(比如偶联剂、颜料、着色剂、阻燃剂、杀真菌剂等)。
当在根据本发明的方法的步骤b)中对垫进行干法成型时，步骤a)的产物的水分含量低于在步骤b)中使用的步骤a)的产物的10重量％。
在根据本发明的方法的步骤b)中使用的干法成型工艺是任何可用于制备垫的干法成型工艺。这样的干法成型工艺的实例包括气流成网。在干法成型工艺中，在使片材成型时所使用的组分以基本上干的形式提供。在步骤b)中的干法成型工艺期间，还可在纤维的温度不超过150℃的这样的条件下加热步骤a)的产物。优选地，在步骤b)中使用的温度为30℃至150℃、更优选50℃至150℃、最优选100℃至150℃。如果热塑性聚合物(比如双组分或单组分纤维)被并入到片材中，则这样的加热导致这样的纤维的至少外层的熔融，由此将垫的组分结合在一起。
具体实施方式
在根据本发明的方法中，制造了适合用于热成型的干法成网的垫，其中，垫的纤维质材料直到热成型时才交联。
在本发明的上下文中，术语“干法成网”指的是形成幅材的工艺，在该工艺中，通过将待用于垫中的组分(比如纤维)与空气混合以形成均匀的空气-纤维混合物、然后将其沉积在移动的透气的带或丝网上而形成幅材。
在交联反应期间，天然纤维素或木质纤维素纤维通过在至少两个位点与交联剂反应而化学交联，所述交联剂含有至少两个能够与这些纤维上的基团反应的化学基团。通过该交联，纤维壁与水分接触而膨胀的能力会极度地(radically)降低，并且，纤维对于与空气或水中的水分接触的敏感性将大大降低。凭借根据本发明的方法，可实现纤维间和纤维内交联这两者，其中，纤维间交联对于最终制品的强度特别地有贡献。根据本发明生产的垫还可包含热塑性粘合剂或基质，其可含有相容性物质和其它添加剂。所生产的垫是适合用于热成型的干法成网物，比如干法成网纤维垫。
根据本发明使用的天然纤维是含有纤维素(且在许多情况中为木质素和/或半纤维素)的天然纤维。典型地，其为通过软木(softwood)或硬木(hardwood)的化学、机械、或化学机械制浆生产的木纤维。这样的浆(pulp)的实例为化学浆(比如硫酸盐或亚硫酸盐的浆)、热磨机械浆(thermomechanical pulp)(TMP)、旨在用于中密度纤维板的机械纤维(MDF-纤维)、或化学热磨机械浆(chemo-thermomechanical pulp)(CTMP)。所述纤维也可通过其它制浆方法(比如，蒸汽爆破制浆)而生产，以及，来自其它纤维素或木质纤维素原料(比如，亚麻、黄麻、大麻、洋麻、蔗渣、棉、竹、稻草、或稻壳)。
根据本发明使用的交联剂是含有可与纤维素或木质素中的基团反应以形成至少两个共价键的化学基团的物质。合适的交联剂包括具有至少两个羧基的有机羧酸，乙二醛(草酸醛)，乙二醛与二甲基脲的反应产物，或乙二醛与脲和甲醛以及可能地与醇(比如1,3-双(羟甲基)-4,5-二羟基咪唑烷-2或其反应产物)的反应产物，脲和甲醛与可能的醇或胺(比如二羟甲基脲或双(甲氧基甲基)脲)的反应产物，以及三聚氰胺和甲醛的反应产物。它们中的大部分需要催化剂的存在。
优选的交联剂是柠檬酸。该交联剂价格便宜、无毒且环保，并且，不需要催化剂。
纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维与交联剂的重量比典型地在50:1至1.5:1之间。
在用交联剂浸渍纤维素或木质纤维素纤维的过程中，交联剂必须吸附在纤维表面上，并且，为了最高的效率，还必须吸附在纤维结构的孔隙中。一种这样做的方法是将交联剂溶解在能够渗透到这些中的溶剂中。对于柠檬酸，该溶剂优选为水。用交联剂溶液浸渍纤维可通过将其喷洒在纤维上而实现，同时，这些(纤维)被携带在管道里的气流中，所述管道，例如，特别被设计用于所述目的的管式反应器或机械浆精磨机的喷放管线(blowline)，或者，在流化床涂布机(Wurster涂布机或顶喷流化床涂布机)中的。在该操作之后，可通过气流将纤维进一步带至干燥机(比如急骤干燥机(闪蒸干燥机，flash drier))中，以用于干燥。在干燥期间，使纤维的温度保持低于150℃，以确保基本上不发生交联反应。
为了实现使用交联剂的纤维浸渍，还可以将交联剂的溶液喷洒在纤维上，同时，这些(纤维)在其中纤维暴露于交联剂的喷洒的鼓式共混机或鼓式混合机(比如转鼓)中被搅动或翻转(toss around)。
还可将交联剂浸渍到来自其中悬浮有纤维的溶液的纤维中。在该操作之后，必须将过量的溶液从纤维中挤出，以循环回该过程。此后，可将纤维干燥以准备包含在干法成网的垫中。在此情况中，尤其有利的是通过用于绒毛浆(fluff pulp)干燥的方法来干燥纤维，这提供了结构比普通商品浆的结构更松散且因此更容易在以下工艺步骤中碎裂的片材形式的浆。在干燥期间，条件使得纤维的温度不超过150℃，以确保基本上不发生交联反应。优选地，干燥在30℃至110℃、更优选50℃至110℃、最优选70℃至110℃的温度下进行。
在另一个尤其涉及机械浆的实施方式中，可将交联剂添加在浆精磨机的稀释水中，可替代地，可在将纤维素材料或木质纤维素材料引入到机械浆精磨机中之前添加交联剂。对此的前提是交联剂是可溶于水的，比如，柠檬酸。凭借此种形式的添加，浸渍将与原材料碎裂成浆同时发生，并且，将不需要单独的浸渍步骤。在将经浸渍的纤维施加至干法成网的垫中之前，可直接将经浸渍的纤维从精磨机的喷放管线引导至干燥。
根据本发明，干法成网的垫通过干法成型形成。垫可以多孔的幅材、片材或垫的形式通过通常称为气流成网的技术制造，在该技术中，存在数种不同的变体供本领域技术人员使用。可将纤维质材料以松散的材料的形式或片材的形式提供至气流成网管线(airlaying line)。如果将纤维质材料以片材的形式提供至气流成网管线，则在进料至管线中之前，该片材一般需要被碎裂。这在与气流成网机(air-layer)串联安装的合适的装置(一般为锤式粉碎机(锤磨机))中是最便于完成的。气流成网的垫可仅由与交联剂混合的纤维或用交联剂浸渍的纤维制得，或者，这些可与合适量的热塑性聚合物纤维组合，所述热塑性聚合物纤维充当将垫或片材结合在一起的粘合剂。如果使用较大量的热塑性聚合物纤维，则在固结后这些还会熔融并且形成围绕天然纤维的基质。还可以根据本领域技术人员已知的方法，以粉末或液体形式将粘合剂/基质聚合物施加至纤维垫。
如果基质聚合物的性质是非极性且疏水性的(比如聚烯烃)，则优选的是，将至少一种偶联剂形式的添加剂并入到垫中。偶联剂是化学性质与基质聚合物相似的聚合物，其已经用可与纤维素或木质素中的基团形成共价键的实体(entities)进行共聚或接枝，通常是马来酸酐或硅烷。这些键会将聚合物链连接至初始一般为极性且亲水性的纤维表面并且因此使其与基质聚合物相容。在许多情况中，该偶联剂包括在聚合物粘合剂纤维的配方(配制物)中。
如果基质聚合物是作为缩合产物的热塑性聚合物(比如聚酯或聚酰胺)，则交联剂(尤其是如果其为酸(比如柠檬酸))的存在可能会引起聚合物中的键的水解并且自身与聚合物链的一部分形成键，并由此将其偶联至纤维表面。在此情况中，交联剂也会充当偶联剂并且使纤维与聚合物相容，具有以上解释的优点。
基质聚合物的实例包括聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、聚丁烯、聚丁二烯、其它聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺(PA)、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚己内酯、聚乙交酯(PGA)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)。基质聚合物可以是循环使用的材料。基质聚合物可以部分或全部地为基于生物的。
其后，将根据本发明形成的垫热成型为3D-结构体并且还在此操作中被固结。在热成型之后，所述垫典型地变为致密的复合物，具有最大量的接触表面和最小量的空隙。在该热成型步骤中，发生交联反应(即固化)。因此，热成型中所采用的持续期间、时机(时间，次数，time)和温度使得发生交联反应。热成型步骤根据本领域中已知的方法进行。
实施例
对于复合片材，MDF(中密度纤维板)类型的木纤维是在单段式(one stage)机械精磨工艺中从100％挪威云杉屑精磨而成的。在该精磨中，蒸煮温度为195℃，蒸气流为200升/分钟并且精磨机压力为8巴。在该精磨后，在环境条件下，将纤维干燥至6-8％的水分含量。
其后，通过在鼓式共混机中喷洒，以水性柠檬酸溶液浸渍纤维批料的一部分，直到柠檬酸的量达到5％(干的柠檬酸/干的纤维的重量)。在环境温度下，将其干燥至约8％的水分含量。
在60cm宽的Spike气流成网管线上，通过通常称作气流成网的工艺形成混合的木纤维-聚合物垫。所述垫含有90％的未经处理或经处理的MDF纤维和10％的6mm长的PP/PE双组分粘合剂纤维(AL Adhesion II(ES Fibervisions,Denmark))。使纤维混合物两次通过该管线的分离部分，以确保充分混合。使所述垫两次通过单区粘合烘箱(single zonebonding oven)，以确保大部分粘合剂纤维已经被活化。
在以下实施例中，这些垫被挤压成平板，以生产用于机械和水吸收测试的样本，但是，也可在类似的挤压操作下或通过匹配的刚性模具，将这些垫挤压成具有双曲率的复杂的3D结构体。
实施例1
在实验室烘箱中，将未经处理的和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的垫预热至150-155℃。取决于初始克重，将一个层或两个层放置在被加热至约180℃并且覆盖有烘焙纸的平钢板上，并且，在20MPa下进行挤压。在全压力(full pressure)下的挤压时间为3秒，这提供了约30秒的总循环时间(即，垫与被加热的模具的接触时间)。被挤压的复合板的温度在卸载时用IR温度计测量并且发现为165-170℃。所得的克重在2200至2500g/m2范围内，并且，这些以及厚度在板上的不同横向位置处略有不同，其可能是由于气流成网工艺中的变化造成的。
用于机械和水吸收测试的测试样本通过激光裁切从所述板上被裁切出来。
拉伸测试符合ISO 527，除了测试样本(A类型)的厚度为2.7-3.7mm而非4mm。在用于计算样本的拉伸强度和模量的测试之前，各样本的厚度单独测量。
挠曲测试符合ISO 178，除了一些测试样本的厚度略微低于标准中对于10mm宽的样本所标明的3-5mm的区间。在用于计算样本的挠曲强度和模量的测试之前，各样本的厚度单独测量。
20MPa样品的机械测试的结果呈现在表1中，其中，比较了来自未经处理的纤维和用柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合材料的机械性质。
表1：在20Mpa下挤压的来自未经处理的纤维和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合板的机械性质
纤维的柠檬酸处理 拉伸强度 拉伸模量 挠曲强度 挠曲模量
(是/否) (MPa) (GPa) (MPa) (GPa)
否 12 2.1 15 1.4
是 21 3.1 28 2.5
部分地根据SS EN 15534-1测量水吸收。偏离之处在于每种类型仅有一个测试样本，它们在浸入(immersion)之前没有被干燥但是在23℃和50％Rh下修整(condition)了至少48小时，偏离之处还在于水温为23℃并且测量的周期性是不同的，如表2中所示，其中，呈现了在浸入不同时间期间时的重量增加。
表2：在20Mpa下挤压的来自未经处理的纤维和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合板的水吸收
Figure BDA0002703708130000091
实施例2
未经处理的和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的垫被如上加热，以两个层放置，并且，以100MPa挤压。在全压力下的挤压时间为3秒，这提供了约40秒的总循环时间(即，垫与被加热的模具的接触时间)。被挤压的复合板的温度在卸载时用IR温度计测量并且发现为170-172℃。所得的克重在2100g/m2附近，但是，这些以及厚度在板上的不同横向位置处略有不同，其可能是由于气流成网工艺中的变化造成的。
用于机械和水吸收测试的测试样本通过激光裁切从所述板上被裁切出来。
拉伸测试符合ISO 527，除了测试样本(A类型)的厚度为2.2-2.6mm而非4mm。在用于计算样本的拉伸强度和模量的测试之前，各样本的厚度单独测量。
挠曲测试符合ISO 178，除了测试样本的厚度低于标准中对于10mm宽的样本所标明的3-5mm的区间。在用于计算样本的挠曲强度和模量的测试之前，各样本的厚度单独测量。
100MPa样品的机械测试的结果呈现在表3中，其中，比较了来自未经处理的纤维和用柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合材料的机械性质。
表3：在100Mpa下挤压的来自未经处理的纤维和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合板的机械性质
纤维的柠檬酸处理 拉伸强度 拉伸模量 挠曲强度 挠曲模量
(是/否) (MPa) (GPa) (MPa) (GPa)
否 19 4.0 23 3.0
是 27 4.1 35 3.1
部分地根据SS EN 15534-1测量水吸收。偏离之处在于每种类型仅有一个测试样本，它们在浸入之前没有被干燥但是在23℃和50％Rh下修整了至少48小时，偏离之处还在于水温为23℃并且测量的周期性是不同的，如表4中所示，其中，呈现了在浸入不同时间期间时的重量增加。
表4：在100Mpa下挤压的来自未经处理的纤维和经柠檬酸处理的纤维的复合板的水吸收
Figure BDA0002703708130000101
应当注意到，在以上呈现的结果中，尽管样品停留在被认为发生交联的温度下的时间非常短，但是，在强度和水吸收这两者中都存在显著的差异，且这可能教导了较长的停留时间将会提高柠檬酸的效果。
鉴于以上对本发明的详细描述，其它修改和变型对于本领域技术人员将变得明晰。然而，明显的是，可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下进行这样的其它修改和变型。

Claims (14)

1.制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法，包括以下步骤
a)用溶解在溶剂中的交联剂浸渍纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维，随后，在该纤维的温度不超过150℃的这样的条件下，将纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维和交联剂的混合物干燥；随后
b)通过在该纤维的温度不超过150℃的这样的条件下进行的干法成型工艺，使包含步骤a)的产物的垫成型，所述步骤a)的产物的水分含量小于10重量％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤b)中形成的垫包含至少一种热塑性聚合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，在步骤b)中形成的垫包含至少一种偶联剂。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，步骤b)中的干法成型通过气流成网进行。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，该交联剂是具有至少两个羧基的有机羧酸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，该交联剂是柠檬酸。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，该纤维素纤维或木质纤维素纤维以化学浆、热磨机械浆(TMP)、旨在用于中密度纤维板的机械纤维(MDF-纤维)、或化学热磨机械浆(CTMP)的形式提供。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，步骤a)中的浸渍通过将该交联剂喷洒在该纤维上而进行，同时，这些被携带在管道里的气流中。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，该管道为管式反应器或流化床涂布机或机械浆精磨机的喷放管线。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，该浸渍在鼓式共混机或鼓式混合机中进行。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，在将纤维素材料或木质纤维素材料引入到机械浆精磨机中之前进行该浸渍，或者，在该精磨机的稀释水中提供该交联剂。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，随后进行热成型，其中，该热成型在150℃至220℃的温度下和在1至100MPa的压力下在足以固化该交联剂的时间期间进行。
13.能够通过权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法获得的适合用于热成型的干法成网的垫。
14.能够通过根据权利要求12所述的方法获得的热成型的制品。
CN201980022678.0A 2018-04-04 2019-04-03 制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法 Active CN112166016B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1850372A SE542866C2 (en) 2018-04-04 2018-04-04 Method for manufacturing a dry-laid mat for thermoforming
SE1850372-2 2018-04-04
PCT/IB2019/052710 WO2019193504A1 (en) 2018-04-04 2019-04-03 Method for manufacturing a dry-laid mat for thermoforming

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112166016A CN112166016A (zh) 2021-01-01
CN112166016B true CN112166016B (zh) 2022-10-04

Family

ID=68101554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201980022678.0A Active CN112166016B (zh) 2018-04-04 2019-04-03 制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20210024706A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3774243B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP7361712B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN112166016B (zh)
CA (1) CA3094593A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL3774243T3 (zh)
SE (1) SE542866C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019193504A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4178877A1 (en) * 2020-07-09 2023-05-17 Stora Enso Oyj Folded 3d shaped packaging product from an air-laid blank
SE545563C2 (en) * 2020-07-09 2023-10-24 Stora Enso Oyj Recyclable 3D shaped product for cushioning and/or thermal insulation of packaged goods
SE545542C2 (en) * 2020-07-09 2023-10-17 Stora Enso Oyj 3D shaped packaging product for cushioning and/or thermal insulation of packaged goods
CN115803266A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2023-03-14 斯道拉恩索公司 来自气流铺置坯件的3d形包装产品
CA3186624A1 (en) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-13 Stora Enso Oyj Recyclable 3d shaped product from an air-laid blank
FI130540B (en) * 2021-01-25 2023-11-08 Fiberdom Oy HIGH DURABILITY CARDBOARD PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURING THEREOF
JP2023059431A (ja) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-27 三菱鉛筆株式会社 鉛筆又は化粧料の軸体
SE2151423A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-05-24 Pulpac AB A method for producing a cellulose product and a cellulose product
SE2250450A1 (en) * 2022-04-08 2023-10-09 Pulpac AB A method for forming a cellulose product in a dry-forming mould system
GB2620760A (en) * 2022-07-20 2024-01-24 Lignutech Oy Process to produce a functional pre-preg mat from ligno-cellulosic materials
JP2024027812A (ja) * 2022-08-19 2024-03-01 三菱鉛筆株式会社 再生自然素材

Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1054026A (zh) * 1990-06-16 1991-08-28 刘卞善 化纤板及其制造方法和设备
CN1070863A (zh) * 1992-03-18 1993-04-14 南京林业大学 干法生产毛竹中密度纤维板
US5437418A (en) * 1987-01-20 1995-08-01 Weyerhaeuser Company Apparatus for crosslinking individualized cellulose fibers
WO1996023024A1 (en) * 1995-01-23 1996-08-01 Blydenstein-Willink N.V. Substrate with super-absorbent material, method for manufacture thereof and use
JP2003505276A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2003-02-12 デーエルベー、アクチエンゲゼルシャフト 再生可能な原料から平らな物品を製造する方法
CN1954024A (zh) * 2004-05-14 2007-04-25 Cytec技术有限公司 自粘预浸渍体
CN101108503A (zh) * 2007-08-20 2008-01-23 吉发 一种阻燃中密度纤维板及其制造方法
CN101637931A (zh) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-03 北京辉杰森木业科技有限公司 改善木质纤维素材料尺寸稳定性的方法
CN101691045A (zh) * 2009-10-14 2010-04-07 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种板材及其生产方法
WO2011030052A2 (fr) * 2009-09-09 2011-03-17 Arkema France Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable et appareil de mise en oeuvre
CN102300614A (zh) * 2009-01-29 2011-12-28 尼纳盖斯纳有限公司 单层或多层过滤材料及其制造方法
EP2485880A1 (en) * 2009-10-08 2012-08-15 UPM-Kymmene Wood Oy Impregnation of chemicals into wood
CN102672770A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 广州市棕宝纤维制品有限公司 植物纤维防火板的浸渍辊压工艺
WO2012169966A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Method for applying a superabsorbent polymer onto a fibrous sheet material and a double-or multiply fibrous material containing superabsorbent material
CN102963079A (zh) * 2012-12-18 2013-03-13 中国纺织科学研究院 汽车内饰用纤维复合毡、复合纤维板，及其制备方法
CN105082297A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-25 百仪家具有限公司 一种耐磨抗静电的高密度环保纤维板及其制备方法
CN106427163A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-22 浙江华江科技股份有限公司 一种高吸音型超轻高强gmt复合板材的制备方法

Family Cites Families (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2544019A (en) * 1944-11-13 1951-03-06 Wood Conversion Co Manufacture of plastic-fiber composition
SE340264B (zh) 1967-01-05 1971-11-15 K Kroeyer
US4418031A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-11-29 Van Dresser Corporation Moldable fibrous mat and method of making the same
US4474846A (en) 1981-04-06 1984-10-02 Van Dresser Corporation Moldable fibrous mat and product molded therefrom
US4376144A (en) 1981-04-08 1983-03-08 Monsanto Company Treated fibers and bonded composites of cellulose fibers in vinyl chloride polymer characterized by an isocyanate bonding agent
US4580960A (en) * 1983-10-04 1986-04-08 Feber Search Partnership Apparatus for making laminated lignocellulose fiber mats
US4791020A (en) * 1987-02-02 1988-12-13 Novacor Chemicals Ltd. Bonded composites of cellulose fibers polyethylene
CN1066417A (zh) * 1991-05-03 1992-11-25 泰州绝缘材料厂 用针刺麻纤维毡制造汽车内饰件
GB9113861D0 (en) * 1991-06-26 1991-08-14 Lock Peter M Absorptive fibrous sheets and processes for their manufacture
US5804005A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-09-08 Buck; George S. Bonding fibrous batts with thermosetting fiber-binders of certain expoxy resins
CA2275302A1 (en) 1996-12-17 1998-06-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with odor control system
JP2000343510A (ja) 1999-06-03 2000-12-12 Mitsui Chemicals Inc リグノセルロース成形板の製造方法
JP3894410B2 (ja) 2000-01-21 2007-03-22 日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社 リグノセルロース系材料用接着剤組成物、並びにそれを用いた熱圧成形体及び熱圧成形体の製造方法
US6296795B1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2001-10-02 George S. Buck Non-woven fibrous batts, shaped articles, fiber binders and related processes
DE10054162A1 (de) 2000-11-02 2002-05-16 Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzpressplatten
CA2427654A1 (en) 2000-11-14 2002-05-23 Terry M. Grant Crosslinked cellulosic product
SE519670C2 (sv) 2000-11-24 2003-03-25 Nyboms Ingenjoerer Ab Framställning av plastlaminerade cellulosafiberinnehållande produkter för förpackning av matvaror
US20040081828A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2004-04-29 Dezutter Ramon C. Flowable and meterable densified fiber particle
US7195695B2 (en) * 2003-10-02 2007-03-27 Rayonier Products & Financial Services Company Cross-linked cellulose fibers and method of making same
US20050079361A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-14 Hamed Othman A. Materials useful in making cellulosic acquisition fibers in sheet form
US20050247419A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Hamed Othman A Treatment composition for making acquisition fluff pulp in sheet form
PL1915252T3 (pl) * 2005-07-19 2018-03-30 Kronoplus Technical Ag Dekoracyjne płyty drewnopochodne i sposób ich wytwarzania
US7651964B2 (en) * 2005-08-17 2010-01-26 Milliken & Company Fiber-containing composite and method for making the same
NZ544493A (en) 2005-12-22 2008-07-31 Nz Forest Research Inst Ltd Method for producing wood fibre composite products
DE602006009218D1 (de) 2006-03-30 2009-10-29 Hartmann As Brdr Dreidimensionale Verpackung
CN102105544B (zh) * 2007-07-02 2013-07-17 格林百奥生态材料科技（上海）有限公司 用于纤维素材料的粘合及改性的聚合物组合物
WO2009048859A1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making mounting mats for mounting pollution control element
CN102795254B (zh) * 2012-08-24 2015-04-22 黄东艳 一种滑板的制作工艺
RU2644321C2 (ru) * 2013-01-31 2018-02-08 Глатфелтер Гернсбах Гмбх Сшивающая/функционализирующая система для бумажного или нетканого полотна
WO2014142714A1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Sca Forest Products Ab Dry-laid composite web for thermoforming of three-dimensionally shaped objects, a process for its production, thermoforming thereof, and a thermoformed three-dimensionally shaped object
US10156042B2 (en) * 2015-12-29 2018-12-18 International Paper Company Modified fiber from shredded pulp sheets, methods, and systems
SE539948C2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2018-02-06 The Core Company Ab ISOSTATIC PRESSURE FORMING OF HEATED DRY CELLULOSE FIBERS
CN108129864A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-08 宁波华业纤维科技有限公司 一种竹木下脚料混合纤维板及制造方法

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5437418A (en) * 1987-01-20 1995-08-01 Weyerhaeuser Company Apparatus for crosslinking individualized cellulose fibers
CN1054026A (zh) * 1990-06-16 1991-08-28 刘卞善 化纤板及其制造方法和设备
CN1070863A (zh) * 1992-03-18 1993-04-14 南京林业大学 干法生产毛竹中密度纤维板
WO1996023024A1 (en) * 1995-01-23 1996-08-01 Blydenstein-Willink N.V. Substrate with super-absorbent material, method for manufacture thereof and use
JP2003505276A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2003-02-12 デーエルベー、アクチエンゲゼルシャフト 再生可能な原料から平らな物品を製造する方法
CN1954024A (zh) * 2004-05-14 2007-04-25 Cytec技术有限公司 自粘预浸渍体
CN101108503A (zh) * 2007-08-20 2008-01-23 吉发 一种阻燃中密度纤维板及其制造方法
CN101637931A (zh) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-03 北京辉杰森木业科技有限公司 改善木质纤维素材料尺寸稳定性的方法
CN102300614A (zh) * 2009-01-29 2011-12-28 尼纳盖斯纳有限公司 单层或多层过滤材料及其制造方法
WO2011030052A2 (fr) * 2009-09-09 2011-03-17 Arkema France Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable et appareil de mise en oeuvre
EP2485880A1 (en) * 2009-10-08 2012-08-15 UPM-Kymmene Wood Oy Impregnation of chemicals into wood
CN101691045A (zh) * 2009-10-14 2010-04-07 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种板材及其生产方法
WO2012169966A1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Method for applying a superabsorbent polymer onto a fibrous sheet material and a double-or multiply fibrous material containing superabsorbent material
CN103648535A (zh) * 2011-06-10 2014-03-19 Sca卫生用品公司 在纤维片材上应用超吸收性聚合物的方法以及两层或多层含超吸收性材料的纤维材料
CN102672770A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 广州市棕宝纤维制品有限公司 植物纤维防火板的浸渍辊压工艺
CN102963079A (zh) * 2012-12-18 2013-03-13 中国纺织科学研究院 汽车内饰用纤维复合毡、复合纤维板，及其制备方法
CN105082297A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-25 百仪家具有限公司 一种耐磨抗静电的高密度环保纤维板及其制备方法
CN106427163A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-22 浙江华江科技股份有限公司 一种高吸音型超轻高强gmt复合板材的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE542866C2 (en) 2020-07-21
PL3774243T3 (pl) 2023-12-04
JP7361712B2 (ja) 2023-10-16
US20210024706A1 (en) 2021-01-28
EP3774243A4 (en) 2022-04-13
EP3774243B1 (en) 2023-07-12
CA3094593A1 (en) 2019-10-10
SE1850372A1 (en) 2019-10-05
JP2021520307A (ja) 2021-08-19
EP3774243C0 (en) 2023-07-12
EP3774243A1 (en) 2021-02-17
WO2019193504A1 (en) 2019-10-10
CN112166016A (zh) 2021-01-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112166016B (zh) 制造用于热成型的干法成网的垫的方法
Kalia et al. Pretreatments of natural fibers and their application as reinforcing material in polymer composites—a review
US8377564B2 (en) Cellulosic composite
US10449694B2 (en) Production of high performance thermoplastic composites
US7413692B2 (en) Fibrous composite articles and method of making the same
RU2383668C2 (ru) Ламинированные изделия и способы их изготовления
US20030008586A1 (en) Low binder nonwoven fiber mats, laminates containing fibrous mat and methods of making
US20100193116A1 (en) Method for manufacturing a composite material having reduced mechanosorptive creep, the composite material, use of the method and the composite material
KR20090084914A (ko) 엔지니어드 목재 제품
JP2019509408A (ja) 天然繊維及び合成繊維を含有する繊維織布の製造方法
WO2010122224A1 (en) Composite intermediate, method for forming same, and use of the composite intermediate
US20150298441A1 (en) Sandwich material
EP3320142B1 (en) Forming and dewatering of a composite using a double wire press
US7678308B2 (en) Molded woody article and process for producing molded woody article
NO773753L (no) Cellulosefiberholdig plate og fremgangsmaate til fremstilling derav
JPWO2019193504A5 (zh)
English et al. Lignocellulosic composites
Awang et al. Medium density fibreboard (MDF) from oil palm fibre: a review
JP2005200470A (ja) 木質繊維が樹脂で結合されている成形体の製造方法
WO2024018118A1 (en) Process to produce a functional pre-preg mat from ligno-cellulosic materials
JP7300472B2 (ja) 木質ボード及びその製造方法
JP2000220099A (ja) 古紙を原料とするボード及びその製造方法
JPS58174698A (ja) 成形加工用繊維板
FI106300B (fi) Menetelmä lignoselluloosapohjaisten komposiittituotteiden valmistamiseksi
WO2012042104A1 (en) A method and a system for manufacturing a product of natural fibre composite, and a product of natural fibre composite

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant