CN1121519C - 含高线密度比两组线的织物的抗穿透材料 - Google Patents

含高线密度比两组线的织物的抗穿透材料 Download PDF

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CN1121519C
CN1121519C CN00802900A CN00802900A CN1121519C CN 1121519 C CN1121519 C CN 1121519C CN 00802900 A CN00802900 A CN 00802900A CN 00802900 A CN00802900 A CN 00802900A CN 1121519 C CN1121519 C CN 1121519C
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C·鲍特革尔
A·费尔斯
B·多洛夫－兰姆佩
C·保穆格特
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TEVORON PRODUCTS CO
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种包括至少一个双层织物的抗穿透材料，该织物由两层机织物构成，这两层机织物以某一角度交叉绞合，其特征在于，该织物由第一组线和第二组线构成，第一组线含3.5-20线/厘米且线密度至少420分特，而第二组线含0.5-8线且线/厘米密度至少50分特，第二组线横对第一组线，且其中第一组线的线密度与第二组线的线密度之比＞4.2，更优选＞7.5。在一优选实施方案中，第一组线是对-芳族聚酰胺制造的经线而第二组线是聚酯纱的纬线，并且第一组线和第二组线的每厘米线数之比＞1。

Description

含高线密度比两组线的织物的抗穿透材料
本发明涉及抗穿透材料及其制品，该材料包括一种织物，该织物具有两组高线密度比的线。
本领域公知由高强度纤维制备的抗穿透物品，例如防弹背心、头盔、车辆嵌板和防护罩。在许多应用中，特别是在防弹背心(ballisticvest)中，将该纤维用于机织物或针织物。可用一种基质将这些织物涂层或浸透，以便得到硬防弹材料(hard ballistic material)，或者可以不用基质，从而获得软防弹材料。
特别是，由EP 310199已知防弹机织物。其中公开的织物是由高强高模量超高分子量聚合物的长丝纱组成，且经线与纬线的聚合物材料不同。
俄罗斯专利RU 2096542公开了经线和纬线为聚对-亚苯基对苯二酰胺(PPTA)的防弹夹克用防弹织物，其中经线线密度对纬线线密度的比小于4.17。一般地，经线的线密度143-588分特(dtex)，纬线的线密度为588-930，纬线的线密度等于或高于经线的线密度。特别指出经纬线密度比介于1.59和4.17之间的防弹织物，其挠曲性能获得提高。
现已发现，如下的抗穿透材料其防弹性能获得改进，该材料含至少一个由两层沿某一角度交叉绞合的机织物组成的双层织物，特征在于该织物由两组纱线组成，第一组线含3.5-20根/厘米，并且纤度至少420分特，而第二组线含0.5-8线/厘米，并且纤度至少50分特，该第二组纱线横对第一组线，并且其中第一组线的线密度与第二组线的线密度的比＞4.2，且第一组与第二组的线数/厘米比＞1。
优选地，该抗穿透材料的第一组线线密度与第二组线线密度的比＞7.5。第一组线的线数为3.5-20线/厘米。更优选，该数为4-15线/厘米，最优选5-12线/厘米。第二组线的线数为0.5-8线/厘米。更优选，该数为1-6线/厘米，最优选2-4线/厘米。为了有效地生产优选第一组线作经线，而第二组线作纬线。第二组线横对第一组线。虽然通常这些组彼此基本垂直，但这不是必须的。可相对第一组线以90°以外的角度提供第二组线。
该抗穿透材料还由其纱线成分对本发明非决定性的第二组线(优选纬线)组成。但是优选，这些线具有高强度和高模量。当这些线选自聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺和芳族聚酰胺的纱线时，情况尤为如此。最优选，第二组线由聚酯纱线制造。
第一组线(优选经线)是高强高模量的，并且最可取地，其选自芳族聚酰胺，更具体地，对-芳族聚酰胺的纱线。最优选的是，聚对-亚苯基对苯二酰胺(PPTA)。在优选的实施方案中，选择不同的聚合物制造经线和纬线，例如，优选经线是对-芳族聚酰胺纱线而纬线是聚酯纱线的织物。
在满足要求的线密度比时，所选第一组线的线密度应至少约420分特，优选420-3360分特，更优选420-1680分特，最优选约840-1100分特。所选第二组线的线密度应至少为约50分特，更优选介于50-280分特，最优选介于约80-140分特。
术语“线”含义为任何种类的线，例如短纤纱，加捻的短纤纱，加捻的长丝纱，无捻交络丝，优选无捻长丝纱。
在优选实施方案中，该双层的两个织物层的每一层的线被粘在一起，例如，通过接结，或优选地，用粘合材料。该粘合材料可为加到这些线上或该织物上的粘合材料，例如作为一种整理剂。该粘合材料也能是一种施加到该双层的两织物层之间的粘合剂层。粘合材料包括，热塑性、弹性和热固性材料。至少部分第二组线还可能使用一种在压力和/或加热条件下熔融的材料，从而，实现第一组线的线对第二组线的线的粘结，并且还非必要地使两织物层粘合在一起。热塑性材料包括聚烯烃例如，聚乙烯和聚丙烯、聚酰胺和聚酯或这些材料的混合物。弹性材料包括，Kraton、橡胶、硅等等。热固性材料包括，环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、乙烯基酯树脂等等。
在另一优选实施方案中，向该抗穿透材料外侧的至少一侧提供了保护层。该保护层可为热塑性或弹性材料，或者这些材料的混合物。采用该保护层是为了让该织物不受过度磨损的破坏。
该抗穿透材料包括至少一个双层，该双层由两层以某一角度交叉绞合并非必要地粘合在一起的机织物组成。术语机织包括所有织纹类型，例如平纹组织、缎纹组织、方平组织、斜纹组织等等。优选这些织物为平纹织造的。
抗穿透材料可含少至一个由两层机织物组成的双层，但通常采用更多的双层。双层的合适数量是5-100个，并最优选使用6-35个双层。在这些双层的至少一个双层中，将两层织物按某一角度紧固在一起。优选的角度为30-90°。最优选约90°的角。用于软装甲时，当所有双层中的织物层以某一角度，优选呈90°紧固时，通常获得最佳性能。一个双层的第一织物层的第一组线可与相邻双层的第一织物层的第一组线平行或成一定角度。
使用粘合层或通过接结将各双层紧固在一起。该粘合层可由前述粘合剂用材料制造，并且厚度介于4-36μ，优选介于8-20μ。
本领域公知这些双层的制造方法。通常，通过在经轴上将经纱整经，随后在织机上织造而制造该织物。可选择性地将该单层浸渍或叠层，并经砑光加工。通过接结、加热或施压将至少两织物层彼此粘合在一起，优选彼此成某一角度。
本发明还涉及用上述机织物按照熟练人员已知方法制造的防弹背心和装甲板。
用以下实施例进一步举例说明本发明。
实施例1
按照本发明制备结构I。该结构包括21个约100克/米2织物的双层，该织物由经向1100分特Kevlar(DuPont出品)(8.6根线/厘米)，且纬向140分特聚酯(Hoechst Trevira710)(2根线/厘米)制造。经/纬的比例是7.9。这些层与2张厚10μ的聚乙烯薄膜(LDPE，EKB出品)层叠在一起。结构I的总重量约4300克/米2。
按照本发明制备结构II，且结构II包括20个双层，其织物与结构I用到的相同，并且在各双层的两外侧以及各双层的两织物层之间有1张厚10μ的聚乙烯薄膜(LDPE，EKB出品)。结构II的总重量约4400克/米2。
用9×19 Para型DM 11 A1B2子弹测定V50值。其中V50值是使50％的子弹被阻挡且50％的子弹完全穿透的速度。发现结构I的V50为471m/s，结构II的V50为481m/s。
实施例2
仿照结构I采用19张930分特Twaron(CT 709微细长丝，AkzoNobel出品)代替Kevlar(10.4根经线/厘米，2根纬线/厘米，经/纬比为6.6)制造结构III。结构III的总重量约4330克/米2，V50(用9×19Para型DM 11 A1B2子弹测定)为约490m/s。
对比实施例3
以22张Twaron织物式样CT709(Akzo Nobel出品)制造结构IV。经线和纬线用930分特Twaron微细长丝(Akzo Nobel出品)充当(沿经纬向各10.5根线/厘米；经/纬比为1)。结构IV的总重量约4400克/米2，V50(用9×19Para型DM 11 A1B2子弹测定)为约460-465m/s。
实施例4
由50个双层织物制造结构V，该织物源自930分特Twaron制造(经向9.5根线/厘米，而纬向为140分特Trevira 710 2根线/厘米；经/纬比为6.6)。
在温度115℃和压力2.5MPa时，将这些层与LDPE-共聚物基质(树脂含量35％)层压在一起。总重量为6500克/米2，V50(用357 MagnumFJ CB SC子弹测定)为484m/s。
对比实施例5
结构VI由44层TwaronCT 709织物(930分特，200克/米2，平纹组织)制造。以PVB-改性酚醛树脂(树脂含量23％)涂层该材料，并在温度160℃和压力1.0MPa下层压。总重量为10800克/米2，V50(用357 Magnum FJ CB SC子弹测定)为487m/s。
采用上述树脂体系、树脂含量和层压条件，不降低V50时，重量不能减少。

Claims (15)

1.一种包括至少一个双层织物的抗穿透材料，该织物由两层机织物构成，这两层机织物以某一角度交叉绞合，其特征在于，该织物由第一组线和第二组线构成，第一组线含3.5-20线/厘米且线密度至少420分特，而第二组线含0.5-8线/厘米且线密度至少50分特，第二组线横对第一组线，且其中第一组线的线密度与第二组线的线密度之比＞4.2，并且第一组线和第二组线的线数/厘米之比＞1。
2.权利要求1的抗穿透材料，其中，将该双层的两层的线粘合在一起。
3.权利要求1或2的抗穿透材料，其中第一组线的线密度与第二组线的线密度之比＞7.5。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中由芳族聚酰胺线组成该第一组线。
5.权利要求1-3中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中第二组线选自聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯和芳族聚酰胺纱线。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中第一组线由芳族聚酰胺线组成，并且第二组线由聚酯线组成。
7.权利要求1-6中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中第一组线的线密度为420-3360分特。
8.权利要求1-6中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中第二组线的线密度为50-280分特。
9.权利要求1-8中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中第一组线是经线，并且第二组线是纬线。
10.权利要求1-9中任一项的抗穿透材料，其中为该材料外侧的至少一侧提供一保护层。
11.权利要求2的抗穿透材料，其中，将该双层的两层的线用粘合材料粘合在一起。
12.权利要求7的抗穿透材料，其中，第一组线的线密度为420-1680分特。
13.权利要求7的抗穿透材料，其中，第一组线的线密度为840-1100分特。
14.权利要求8的抗穿透材料，其中，第二组线的线密度为80-140分特。
15.由权利要求1-14中任一项抗穿透材料制造的物品。
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EP1144740B1 (en) 2003-10-22
HRP20010540A2 (en) 2002-12-31
CZ20012618A3 (cs) 2002-04-17
CA2359965C (en) 2006-07-25
NO20013359D0 (no) 2001-07-06
TR200102066T2 (tr) 2001-11-21
IL143770A0 (en) 2002-04-21
EP1144740A1 (en) 2001-10-17
NO20013359L (no) 2001-07-06
DE60006064T2 (de) 2004-08-19
BR0007545B1 (pt) 2010-04-06
PL348777A1 (en) 2002-06-17
HRP20010540B1 (en) 2004-12-31

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