CN101881582B - 一种防刺防弹材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防刺防弹材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101881582B
CN101881582B CN200910250240.6A CN200910250240A CN101881582B CN 101881582 B CN101881582 B CN 101881582B CN 200910250240 A CN200910250240 A CN 200910250240A CN 101881582 B CN101881582 B CN 101881582B
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fiber
compound
stab
layer
orthogonal
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CN101881582A (zh
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杨年慈
吴志泉
林明清
吴传清
高波
周运波
林海军
张远军
周万奇
郭勇
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Hunan Zhongtai Special Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to BRPI1003992-9A priority patent/BRPI1003992B1/pt
Priority to RU2011103698/05A priority patent/RU2473862C2/ru
Priority to AU2010257470A priority patent/AU2010257470B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/000721 priority patent/WO2011069320A1/zh
Priority to US12/811,135 priority patent/US8420202B2/en
Priority to KR1020117000748A priority patent/KR101322874B1/ko
Priority to EP10790338.7A priority patent/EP2433790B1/en
Priority to IL209202A priority patent/IL209202A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
    • B29C70/202—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres arranged in parallel planes or structures of fibres crossing at substantial angles, e.g. cross-moulding compound [XMC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09J123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0089—Impact strength or toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/4842—Outerwear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/777—Weapons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
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    • Y10T428/24124—Fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种防刺防弹材料，由防刺层和防弹层组成，其中：防刺层为至少一层，每层为两个由高强高模纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元之间旋转45°相互复合，防剌层的两面粘合有薄膜；防弹层为至少一层，每层为两个由纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元之间旋转90°相互复合，防弹层的两面粘合有薄膜。本发明还提供了上述防刺防弹材料的制备方法。本发明的防刺防弹材料既有防刺，又有防弹功能，从而使防刺防弹服重量减轻，防护效率提高，易于生产的特点。

Description

一种防刺防弹材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种软质防刺防弹材料。
本发明还涉及上述软质防刺防弹材料的制备方法。
背景技术
枪击与刀刺是构成对人体伤害的两大威胁，枪击还是刀刺往往对个体防护者来讲是无法预测的，因此个体装备同时具有防刺和防弹的功能是十分必要的。然而防刺与防弹的机理存在很大差异，材料同时兼顾两种功能十分困难。
人们对P刀的穿刺作了一些探讨(详见Textile Research Journal vol 76(8)607-613)，指出锐利刀尖具有极大的穿刺能力以及锋利刀刃对材料具有极大的切割作用，为此人们围绕着以下两个方面展开了研究：
(一)抵御锐利刀尖的穿刺：如US2004/0048536A1、US6586351B1提出以高强织物表面粘合固体硬质颗粒，以此起到对刀尖的抵御；
(二)抵御锋利刀刃的切割：如US5472769、US5736474A、WO2002/007347A1提出了织物与金属网混合结构，或不锈钢长丝加捻成股结构来抵御锋利刀刃的切割；US6280546提出了织物表面粘合热塑性薄膜，由此来提高材料的抗切割能力。
上述措施整体效果欠佳，且缺乏防弹作用。
杜邦公司在US6475936B1提出了以膨松的破经缎纹的芳纶织物为防刺层，并以细旦高紧密度的芳纶平纹织物为防弹层。两者叠加能起到防刺、防弹的兼顾作用，然而芳纶的破经缎纹加工技术和细旦丝的成本，很难被用户接纳，由此造成这种防刺、防弹材料没有被市场接受。
Honeywell公司在WO2007/084104A2提出一种以多层HSHM-PE织物与橡胶复合制得防刺层材料，又以Honeywell公司LCR的UD多层叠加作为防弹层材料。上述两种材料依次叠加，显示出防刺防弹的兼顾作用，然而该种材料中的防刺层加工难以产业化。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种软质防刺防弹材料。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种制备上述软质防刺防弹材料的方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的软质防刺防弹材料，由防刺层和防弹层组成，其中：
防刺层为至少一层，每层为两个由高强高模纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元相邻层纤维取向之间旋转45°相互复合，防刺层的两面粘合有高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜；薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物和马来酸酐改性苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物为胶粘剂；
防弹层为至少一层，每层为两个由高强高模纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元相邻层纤维取向之间旋转90°相互复合，防弹层的两面粘合有聚乙烯薄膜；聚乙烯薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物或它们共混物的溶剂型胶粘剂。
所述的防刺防弹材料中，高强高模纤维预浸带单层的面密度为≤40g/m2。
本发明采用的是高强高模聚乙烯纤维、芳纶或聚芳酯纤维，其中更为可取的是高强高模聚乙烯纤维。
本发明的高强高模聚乙烯纤维，是指其强度至少为32cN/dtex，模量至少为1000cN/dtex，更为可取的纤维强度为35cN/dtex，模量至少为1100cN/dtex。
本发明的防刺层两侧粘合的高强双向拉伸有机薄膜，可以是双向拉伸聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜，其中更为可取的是双向拉伸聚酯薄膜；该双向拉伸聚酯薄膜的薄膜厚度为≤15μm，更为可取的薄膜厚度≤5μm。
本发明的防刺层两侧粘合的双向拉伸聚酯薄膜，其纵向横向拉伸强度各大于200和240MPa，模量各大于4000和5000MPa，纵向横向断裂伸长各为130％和140％。
本发明提供的制备上述防刺防弹材料的方法，主要步骤为：
1)无衬膜单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备
将高强高模纤维置于平行丝架上，纤维丝束在牵引机拖动下均匀间隔排布，高强高模纤维同步喂入摩擦辊装置，经静摩擦纤维携带高压静电，束纤维中的单丝在静电力作用下相互排斥，达到均匀排列状态；
纤维经浸胶和刮胶，胶粘剂固化成型，使高强高模纤维单取向均匀排列状态于以保持，在进一步干燥下获得无衬膜纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材；
2)无衬膜二层正交复合单取向纤维预浸带连续卷材的制备
将步骤1制备的无衬膜纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材裁剪成方形片材，在步骤1的无衬膜单纤维取向被浸胶后胶粘剂尚未干燥之处，将方形片材按邻近两层纤维取向正交形式叠加和粘合并加压复合，实现[0°/90°]的正交在线复合，制备得到[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材；
3)防弹用四层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备
将步骤2中的[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材再次实施邻近层纤维取向正交的热复合，制得无衬膜四层正交复合纤维预浸带连续卷材，并在该卷材的两面粘合聚乙烯薄膜，获得[0°/90°]2四层正交复合结构的防弹用连续卷材；
4)防刺用四层交叉复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备
将步骤2制备得到的[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材，与[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材实施邻层纤维取向交叉角为45°的热复合(0°/90°、45°/135°)，之后在该材料的两面喷涂胶粘剂，粘合高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜进行复合，得到二单元交叉复合的防刺兼防弹用材；将四单元(0°/90°、45°/135°、0°/90°、45°/135°)交叉复合，两侧粘合高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜进行复合，由此，得到四单元45°交叉复合的防刺兼防弹用材。
本发明的纤维为高强聚乙烯纤维、芳纶或聚芳酯纤维，其中可取的是高强聚乙烯纤维，纤维强度至少为32cN/dtex，模量至少为1000cN/dtex。更为可取的纤维强度至少为35cN/dtex，模量至少为1100cN/dtex。
本发明中聚乙烯薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物或苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物。
本发明中高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物和马来酸酐改性苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物为胶粘剂。
本发明的软质材料兼有防刺、防弹功能，与传统的UD材料配合，制备防刺、防弹的核心材料，从而达到制备轻质防弹、防刺服的目的。
具体实施方式
本发明的材料防弹原理如下：
UD(纤维单取向预浸带正交复合结构材料)是防弹的最佳结构形式，该形式材料能充分利用纤维的高强高模特征；在纤维被破坏时吸收子弹的动能；该材料的纤维挺直排列，使子弹的冲击波得以高速传递和分散；该材料的纤维单取向预浸带正交复合材料，在冲击时发生层间剥离，会吸收子弹的冲击动能。上述防弹机理与防刺原理不相吻合，实测该材料的防刺性差，不具备防刺防弹的优良功能。
针对锐利刀尖，织物与UD结构均易被顶破，本发明采用双向拉伸高强双向拉伸薄膜，由此提高穿刺的能力，但仅依靠薄膜这种抗穿刺的能力是有限的，对比实验(以P刀为穿刺刀具，以粘合薄膜的单取向预浸带为被刺材料)表明：尤其是高强双向拉伸薄膜粘合正交复合单取向预浸带时，其顶破强度大大地提高，且多层上述材料对顶破起到十分显著的效果，其中尤以双向拉伸的聚丙烯、聚酯、聚酰亚胺或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜为佳，更为可取的是聚酯双向拉伸薄膜为佳；薄膜的厚度对材料的柔软性有所影响，它可以是≤15μm，更为可取的薄膜厚度≤5μm。
根据刀刃对纤维的切割力学分析，当纤维与刀刃平面成90°时，刀具切割力为最大值，随着这一夹角的减少，纤维对刀刃的抗切割作用不断增强。然而刀刺过程中，切割刀刃与被切割纤维的夹角之间的随机性，人们无法预测这一夹角为何值，因此在UD材料中纤维取向仅为相互垂直的两个方向排列分布是欠缺的，改变纤维在UD材料中的取向分布对P刀的抗切割关系的统计实验分布表明：当纤维的取向夹角由0°逐步提高至45°时，纤维分布对P刀的抗切割力增大。因此，UD材料中纤维相互垂直排列取向应该改变为＜90°的取向排列为宜。经过UD材料纤维取向排列分布旋转为0°-45°的多种排列对比，两单元纤维取向旋转角为45°为宜，由此得出了防刺层为至少一层，每层为高强高模纤维单取向预浸带正交为复合单元，单元间相邻层纤维取向排列旋转角为0°-45°，更为可取的旋转角为45°的单元交叉复合。这种交叉复合可以是二单元，也可以是三单元或四单元，更为可取的交叉单元为二单元或四单元。在实现交叉单元复合后，粘接上双向拉伸高强薄膜，构成防刺层的基本单元形式。
由于上述UD的新颖材料中纤维依然为挺直排列状态，与传统UD材料间的区别仅为纤维排列取向角改为45°，因此保留着UD的部分防弹性能(约60％)。上述两种UD材料的搭配构成了本发明的软质防刺防弹材料。
以下由实施例进行详细描述，但权利要求不受描述的数据所限制。
实施例1
无衬膜单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备
将ZTX99约600d(240f)的高强高模聚乙烯(HSHM-PE)纤维(断裂强度≥35cN/dtex、模量≥1100cN/dtex、断裂伸长≈3％)置于平行丝架上。纤维丝束在七辊牵引机拖动下，通过5筘/厘米的钢筘，在1.20M幅宽内均匀间隔排布，纤维同步喂入摩擦辊装置。在后牵引机拖动下，纤维经静摩擦携带高压静电，束纤维中的单丝在静电力作用下相互排斥，达到均匀排列状态，之后经浸胶辊浸胶(胶粘剂为苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物(SEBS)、苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物(SEEPS)或两者混合为主体的溶剂型胶粘剂，胶粘剂含量为12-16％)和刮胶完成定量均匀浸胶。被浸胶纤维单取向材，在鼓风干燥下，胶粘剂快速固化成型，使纤维单取向均匀排列状态于以保持，在进一步干燥下获得无衬膜的单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备(该卷材面密度为37g/m2，纤维含量约86％，含胶量约14％)。
实施例2
无衬膜二层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备
将实施例中的无衬膜单取向预浸带连续卷材裁剪成1.20M正方形片材，供之后正交复合用。
重复实施例1操作，在单取向纤维被浸胶后，胶粘剂尚未干燥之处，将1.20M正方形片材按邻近两层纤维取向正交形式叠加和粘合，之后在滚动式复合机中加压复合，实现[0°/90°]的正交在线复合，成为[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材。
实施例3
防弹用四层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备(ZT160)
将实施例2中[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材再次重复实施二单元邻近层纤维取向正交的热复合，制得无衬膜四层正交复合预浸带连续卷材的制备。如在二次热复合时，在该材料的两侧贴以(厚度为6μm、面密度为6g/m2)聚乙烯(PE)薄膜，由此获得面密度为160g/m2，两侧贴以PE保护薄膜的[0°/90°]2四层正交复合结构的防弹用连续卷材(含80％纤维、含12.5％胶粘剂，含7.5％薄膜)，供防弹服使用。
实施例4
防刺用四层交叉复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备(ZTFC)
重复实施例2制得无衬膜二层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材，在此材料中纤维含量为82％，胶粘剂含量为18％，所得材料为之后交叉复合的单元组成。
将上述单元的连续卷材与另一单元的卷材实施邻层纤维取向交叉角为45°的热复合，之后在该材料的两侧喷以各2％的胶粘剂(为SEEPS和马来酸酐改性SEBS为主体的溶剂型胶粘剂)，贴上厚度为5μm、面密度为8g/m2的聚酯(PET)双向拉伸薄膜进行二次复合，得到二单元45°(0°/90°、45°/135°)交叉复合，两侧贴有PET薄膜的防刺兼防弹用材(ZTFC-2)；如将四单元(0°/90°、45°/135°、0°/90°、45°/135°)交叉复合，两侧贴PET薄膜进行复合，由此，得到四单元45°交叉复合两侧贴有PET薄膜的防刺兼防弹专用材(ZTFC-4)，供防刺服使用。
实施例5
防刺材料ZTFC-2防刺性能
将52层ZTFC-2材料叠加成AD＝8.95kg/m2靶样，采用P刀按GA68-2008标准(24J)进行防刺性能测试，在常温状态下，3次试验，靶样最后均6层未穿；在高温状态下55℃、4hr之后即刻测试1次试验3层未穿透，1次试验临界。
比较例1
[0°/90°]2结构两侧是5μmPET膜防刺材料防刺性能
采用[0°/90°]2结构形式，两侧贴PET膜54层叠加成AD＝9.38kg/m2靶样，采用P刀按GA68-2008标准(24J)进行防刺试验：在常温状态下3次试验，靶样最后均5层未穿透。
比较例2
防弹材料ZT161，[0°/90°]2结构，两侧贴有5μmPET膜防刺性能
采用防弹材料ZT161，单层面密度AD＝135g/m2，以84层叠加成AD＝11.35kg/m2。采用P刀按GA68-2008标准(24J)进行防刺性能测试，在常温状态下，1次试验1层未穿；在高温状态下，55℃、4hr之后即刻测试3次试验，P刀穿透靶样均为12mm。
实施例6
防刺材料ZTFC-2与防弹材料ZT160结合的防刺防弹性能
将防刺材料ZTFC-2与防弹材料ZT160按表1所示层数叠加搭配，以防刺材料层为迎弹、迎刺面，采用P刀按GA68-2008标准(24J)进行防刺性能测试；采用1.1g破片、54式手枪51式子弹、79微冲51式子弹按GJB 4300-2002，GA141-2001标准进行防弹性能测试，其结果如表1所示。

Claims (9)

1.一种防刺防弹材料，由防刺层和防弹层组成，其中： 
防刺层为至少一层，每层为两个由高强高模聚乙烯纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元的相邻层纤维取向之间旋转小于等于45°相互复合，防刺层的两面粘合有双向拉伸有机薄膜；双向拉伸有机薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物和马来酸酐改性苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物的溶剂型胶粘剂； 
防弹层为至少一层，每层为两个由高强高模聚乙烯纤维单取向预浸带正交复合的单元组成，相邻单元的相邻层高强高模聚乙烯纤维取向之间旋转90°相互复合，防弹层的两面粘合有聚乙烯薄膜；聚乙烯薄膜的粘合是采用苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯聚合物、苯乙烯-乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯聚合物或它们共混物的溶剂型胶粘剂。 
2.根据权利要求1所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述高强高模聚乙烯纤维强度至少为32cN/dtex，模量至少为1000cN/dtex。 
3.根据权利要求2所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述高强高模聚乙烯纤维强度为35cN/dtex，模量为1100cN/dtex。 
4.根据权利要求1所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述高强高模聚乙烯纤维预浸带的单层面密度为≤40g/m2。 
5.根据权利要求1所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述的双向拉伸有机薄膜是双向拉伸聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜。 
6.根据权利要求5所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述的双向拉伸有机薄膜是双向拉伸聚酯薄膜。 
7.根据权利要求6所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述的双向拉伸聚酯薄膜的厚度≤5μm。 
8.根据权利要求7所述的防刺防弹材料，其中，所述的双向拉伸聚酯薄膜，其纵向横向拉伸强度各大于200和240MPa，模量各大于4000和5000MPa，纵向横向断裂伸长各为130％和140％。 
9.制备权利要求1所述防刺防弹材料的方法，主要步骤为： 
1)无衬膜单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备 
将高强高模聚乙烯纤维置于平行丝架上，纤维丝束在牵引机拖动下均匀间隔排布，高强高模聚乙烯纤维同步喂入摩擦辊装置，经静摩擦纤维携带高压静电，束纤维中的单丝在静电力作用下相互排斥，达到均匀排列状态； 
纤维经浸胶和刮胶，胶粘剂固化成型，使高强高模聚乙烯纤维单取向均匀排列状态于以保持，在进一步干燥下获得无衬膜纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材； 
2)无衬膜二层正交复合单取向纤维预浸带连续卷材的制备 
将步骤1制备的无衬膜纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材裁剪成方形片材，在步骤1的无衬膜单纤维取向被浸胶后胶粘剂尚未干燥之处，将方形片材按邻近两层纤维取向正交形式叠加和粘合并加压复合，实现[0°/90°]的正交在线复合，制备得到[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材； 
3)防弹用四层正交复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备 
将步骤2中的[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材再次实施邻近层纤维取向正交的热复合，制得无衬膜四层正交复合纤维预浸带连续卷材，并在该卷材的两面粘合聚乙烯薄膜，获得[0°/90°]2四层正交复合结构的防弹用连续卷材； 
4)防刺用四层交叉复合单取向预浸带连续卷材的制备 
将步骤2制备得到的[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材，与[0°/90°]无衬膜二层正交复合纤维单取向预浸带连续卷材实施邻层纤维取向交叉角为45°的热复合(0°/90°、45°/135°)，之后在该材料的两面喷涂胶粘剂，粘合高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜进行复合，得到二单元交叉复合的防刺兼防弹用材；将四单元(0°/90°、45°/135°、0°/90°、45°/135°)交叉复合，两侧粘合高强聚丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜或聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜进行复合，由此，得到四单元45°交叉复合的防刺兼防弹用材。 
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