CN112093339B - Distributed kitchen waste collection device and method - Google Patents
Distributed kitchen waste collection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112093339B CN112093339B CN202010950896.5A CN202010950896A CN112093339B CN 112093339 B CN112093339 B CN 112093339B CN 202010950896 A CN202010950896 A CN 202010950896A CN 112093339 B CN112093339 B CN 112093339B
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000291 postprandial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
- B65F5/00—Gathering or removal of refuse otherwise than by receptacles or vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The invention provides a distributed kitchen waste collection device and a distributed kitchen waste collection method. Aiming at the problems that kitchen waste is generated in a scattered manner in a limited area and needs to be processed in a centralized manner in a centralized catering occasion and the generation time of the kitchen waste is centralized, the invention adopts a multi-node collection method to automatically collect the postprandial waste and the waste before cooking at a plurality of collection points, convey the postprandial waste and the waste before cooking to a processing device in a balanced conveying amount and automatically switch the running state of the device according to the signal states of a metering sensor, a photoelectric sensor and a container metering sensor in the collection process so as to achieve a better collection effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste collection, in particular to a distributed kitchen waste collection device and method.
Background
The kitchen waste collection method is mainly characterized in that the kitchen waste is collected in a garbage can through manpower, and the kitchen waste collection method is suitable for kitchen waste generated by community residents. But for the shopping malls and the central kitchens with centralized catering, kitchen waste is generated in the places after meals, a large amount of tail vegetables are also generated in the vegetable picking link before cooking, the amount of the generated kitchen waste is large and centralized, and the difficulty in delivering the kitchen waste and the cross contamination are caused.
Aiming at the problems that the kitchen waste is generated in a dispersing way in a limited area and needs to be processed in a centralized way and the generation time of the kitchen waste is centralized, the invention provides the distributed kitchen waste collecting device and the distributed kitchen waste collecting method, which can realize the automatic collection of the postprandial waste and the waste before cooking at a plurality of collecting points and convey the postprandial waste and the waste before cooking to a processing device with relatively balanced conveying capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that kitchen waste is generated dispersedly in a limited area and needs to be processed in a centralized manner in centralized catering occasions, and the generation time of the kitchen waste is centralized, and provides a distributed kitchen waste collection device and a distributed kitchen waste collection method, which are used for automatically collecting postprandial waste and waste before cooking at a plurality of collection points and conveying the postprandial waste and the waste before cooking to a processing device in a relatively balanced conveying amount.
The invention discloses a distributed kitchen waste collection device and a method, which adopt the following technical scheme:
the system comprises a delivery layer device, a cache layer device, a processing layer device and a control system.
Putting in a layer device: the kitchen waste disposal system comprises a storage layer device, a delivery layer device and a disposal layer device, wherein the storage layer device comprises a plurality of kitchen waste delivery nodes, the delivery nodes are communicated with the storage layer device through a primary pipeline, the delivery layer device at least comprises a plurality of tail vegetable delivery nodes and meal delivery nodes, metering sensors, photoelectric sensors, human body and foreign body sensors are respectively arranged at inlets of the tail vegetable delivery nodes and the meal delivery nodes, crushing pumping mechanisms are respectively arranged below the inlets, and a container of which the primary pipeline is communicated with the storage layer device is arranged below the crushing pumping mechanisms; the number of the releasing nodes can be transversely expanded according to the processing load.
A cache layer device: the kitchen waste treatment device comprises a plurality of containers capable of receiving and pumping kitchen waste, wherein the cache layer devices are mutually communicated through a second-level pipeline and are communicated with the treatment layer device through a third-level pipeline; the buffer layer device is a plurality of cavities with multiple inlets and a single outlet, each inlet of each cavity is communicated with a primary pipeline, a container metering sensor is arranged in each cavity, a pumping mechanism is arranged at an outlet of each cavity, a multi-way diverter valve is arranged at an outlet of each pumping mechanism, and a secondary pipeline and a three-pole pipeline are connected to the multi-way diverter valves; each container of the buffer layer device is at least communicated with more than two feeding ports through a first-level pipeline, and each container of the buffer layer device is communicated with an adjacent container through a second-level pipeline.
A treatment layer device: the inlet of the processing layer device is provided with a plurality of three-level pipelines for collection, and a speed regulating mechanism and a load sensor for changing the operation speed are arranged on a circuit of the processing layer device.
The throwing nodes have working modes of active conveying and passive searching, wherein the active conveying mode is a working mode that when a metering sensor and a photoelectric sensor of a certain throwing layer node detect throwing with a frequency exceeding a set frequency, the throwing node executes a signal sensed by a sensor and then a crushing pumping mechanism carries out active conveying; the passive searching mode is that after the metering sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that the amount of the materials is less than a set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing pumping mechanism changes the work according to signals of the sensor into a mode that the control system searches once at intervals of a certain time whether the input amount of the node reaches the set value, if the input amount reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is started, and if the input amount does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously kept.
The buffer layer devices are provided with a horizontal adjustment mode and a vertical adjustment mode, and the vertical adjustment mode is that when a buffer layer container receives a large amount of materials conveyed by a first-level pipeline of the release layer and exceeds the buffer capacity of the buffer layer container, the container metering sensor performs vertical adjustment according to the flow trend entering the buffer layer; the working mode of horizontal adjustment is that the container is communicated with a second-level pipeline through a multi-way diverter valve and then communicated with the container of the adjacent buffer layer device to carry out horizontal adjustment.
The processing layer judges the priority nodes of processing according to the variation trend of the metering sensor of the releasing layer and the container metering sensor of the cache layer, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of each node according to the program set by the control system in a plurality of nodes of the same priority, and when the material texture in the containers of the plurality of cache layers cannot be uniformly mixed through the horizontal adjustment of the cache layers, the processing layer adjusts the uneven texture according to the mode of executing the proportioning processing on the containers of the plurality of cache layers.
A method for collecting kitchen waste by a distributed kitchen waste collecting device comprises the following steps:
(1) when the human body and foreign body sensors of the throwing node on the throwing layer are not triggered, and the metering sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that a large amount of kitchen waste exceeds a set value and is frequently thrown, the crushing pumping mechanism of the throwing node executes a working mode that the sensor senses a signal, and then the crushing pumping mechanism carries out active conveying;
(2) after the measuring sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that the quantity of the kitchen waste is smaller than a set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing and pumping mechanism of the throwing node does not work according to signals of the sensor any more, the control system searches whether the throwing quantity of the throwing node reaches the set value at intervals for a certain time, if the throwing quantity of the throwing node reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is entered, and if the throwing quantity of the throwing node does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously kept;
(3) the kitchen waste on the throwing layer enters containers of the caching layer device through the primary pipeline for temporary storage, and as the materials increase, when a certain caching layer container receives a large amount of materials conveyed by the primary pipeline on the throwing layer and exceeds the caching capacity of the container, the container metering sensor preferably vertically adjusts and adjusts the caching amount of the container through the on-off of the primary pipeline and the tertiary pipeline communicated with the container metering sensor according to the flow trend entering the caching layer;
(4) when the vertical adjustment still cannot meet the requirement, the container is communicated with a secondary pipeline through a multi-way diverter valve so as to be communicated with adjacent buffer layer device containers for horizontal adjustment, and when the texture difference of the kitchen waste buffered between the buffer layer containers is large, the container is also communicated with the adjacent buffer layer device containers through the secondary pipeline for horizontal adjustment;
(5) after the materials reach the processing layer, the processing layer adjusts the current processing speed through the load sensor, when the throwing layer is in an active conveying mode, the processing layer judges the processed priority throwing nodes according to the variation trend of the metering sensor of the throwing layer and the container metering sensor of the cache layer, in a plurality of throwing nodes with the same priority, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of the throwing nodes according to the program set by the control system, and when the materials in the containers of the cache layers cannot be uniformly mixed through the horizontal adjustment of the cache layers, the processing layer adjusts the uneven texture through the mode of executing the proportioning processing on the containers of the cache layers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the framework arrangement of the throwing layer, the cache layer and the processing layer and the matching of the operation functions and logics of different functional components in the device in the technical scheme of the invention have transportability of application in different occasions, and based on the framework, the internal functions and control logics, the device has expansibility on the processing capacity, can automatically collect kitchen waste with different textures, yields and time periods in a certain area range at the right moment, and can solve the contradiction of processing space and time caused by centralized generation time and scattered generation places of the kitchen waste.
Secondly, the active conveying mode and the passive searching mode of the throwing layer are matched in the technical scheme of the invention, so that the energy consumption can be greatly reduced while the kitchen waste is collected timely, the horizontal and vertical adjusting function of the cache layer can solve the problem of time concentration of the kitchen waste, the speed changing function of the processing layer can reduce the processing energy consumption, the priorities and the queuing functions of different nodes can effectively relieve the probability of abnormal throwing of the nodes, and the texture matching function can solve the problems of difficult processing and poor processing effect of the kitchen waste generated by special catering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a node of a delivery layer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a distributed kitchen waste collection device includes a throwing layer device, a buffer layer device, a processing layer device and a control system.
Putting in a layer device: the kitchen waste throwing device comprises a plurality of kitchen waste throwing nodes, wherein the throwing nodes are communicated with the cache layer device through a primary pipeline 013, the throwing layer device at least comprises a plurality of tail vegetable throwing nodes 011 and food throwing nodes 012, the inlets of the tail vegetable throwing nodes 011 and the food throwing nodes 012 are respectively provided with a metering sensor 015, a photoelectric sensor 016 and a human body and foreign body sensor 017, a crushing pumping mechanism 014 is respectively arranged below the inlets, and a primary pipeline 013 communicated with a container 021 of the cache layer device is arranged below the crushing pumping mechanism 014; the number of the releasing nodes can be transversely expanded according to the processing load.
It should be noted that the labels of the tail food class delivery node 011 and the meal class delivery node 012 in fig. 1 are schematic labels, that is, different garbage delivery types of the delivery nodes can be designed according to needs, that is, the labels of 011 and 012 in fig. 1 do not mean that the delivery nodes of the corresponding types can only be fixed and represented positions.
A cache layer device: the device comprises a plurality of containers 021 capable of receiving and pumping kitchen waste, wherein the buffer layer devices are communicated with each other through a secondary pipeline 025 and are communicated with the treatment layer device through a tertiary pipeline 026; the buffer layer device is a plurality of cavities with multiple inlets and a single outlet, each inlet of each cavity is communicated with a primary pipeline 013, a container metering sensor 024 is arranged inside each cavity, a pumping mechanism 022 is arranged at an outlet of each cavity, a multi-way diverter valve 023 is arranged at an outlet of each pumping mechanism 022, and the multi-way diverter valve 023 is connected with a secondary pipeline 025 and a three-pole pipeline 026; each container 021 of the buffer layer device is communicated with at least more than two feeding ports through a primary pipeline 013, and each container of the buffer layer device is communicated with the container adjacent to the 021 through a secondary pipeline 025.
A treatment layer device: the inlet of the treatment layer device is gathered by a plurality of tertiary pipes 026, and a speed regulating mechanism 033 and a load sensor 032 for changing the operation speed are arranged on the circuit of the treatment layer device.
The throwing node has working modes of active conveying and passive searching, wherein the active conveying mode is a working mode that when the metering sensor 015 and the photoelectric sensor 016 of a certain throwing layer node detect that throwing is carried out at a frequency exceeding a set frequency, the throwing node executes a sensor to sense a signal, and then the crushing pumping mechanism 014 carries out active conveying; the passive searching mode is that after the measuring sensor 015 and the photoelectric sensor 016 detect that the amount of the materials is smaller than a set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing pumping mechanism 014 changes the work according to signals of the sensors into control system to search once at a certain time interval whether the input amount of the node reaches the set value, if the input amount reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is entered, and if the input amount does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously maintained.
The buffer layer devices are provided with a horizontal adjustment mode and a vertical adjustment mode, the vertical adjustment mode is that when a buffer layer container 021 receives a large amount of materials conveyed by a first-level pipeline 013 of a release layer and exceeds the buffer capacity of the buffer layer container, a container metering sensor 024 performs vertical adjustment according to the flow trend entering the buffer layer; the level adjustment mode is that the container 021 is communicated with the secondary pipeline 025 through the multi-way shunt valve 023 and further communicated with the container 021 of the adjacent cache layer device to perform level adjustment.
The processing layer judges the priority nodes of processing according to the variation trend of the metering sensor 015 of the releasing layer and the container metering sensor 024 of the cache layer, in a plurality of nodes of the same priority, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of each node according to a program set by a control system, and when the texture in the plurality of cache layer containers 021 cannot be realized through the level adjustment of the cache layer, the processing layer executes the mode of the proportioning processing of the plurality of cache layer containers to adjust the uneven texture.
A method for collecting kitchen waste by a distributed kitchen waste collecting device comprises the following steps:
(1) when the human body and foreign body sensor 017 of the throwing node on the throwing layer is not triggered, and the metering sensor 015 and the photoelectric sensor 016 detect that a large amount of kitchen waste exceeds a set value and is frequently thrown, the crushing pumping mechanism 014 of the throwing node executes a sensor to sense a signal, and then the crushing pumping mechanism 014 carries out an active conveying working mode;
(2) after the measuring sensor 015 and the photoelectric sensor 016 detect that the amount of the kitchen waste is smaller than the set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing and pumping mechanism 014 of the throwing node does not work according to signals of the sensors any more, the control system searches once at intervals of a certain time whether the throwing amount of the throwing node reaches the set value, if the throwing amount of the throwing node reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is entered, and if the throwing amount of the throwing node does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously maintained;
(3) the kitchen waste of the throwing layer enters a container 021 of a buffer layer device for temporary storage through a primary pipeline 013, and as the materials increase, when a certain buffer layer container receives that a large amount of materials conveyed by the primary pipeline 013 of the throwing layer exceed the buffer capacity of the certain buffer layer container, a container metering sensor 024 preferably vertically adjusts the buffer storage amount of the container 021 through on-off adjustment of the primary pipeline 013 and a tertiary pipeline 026 communicated with the certain buffer layer according to the flow trend entering the buffer layer;
(4) when the vertical adjustment still can not meet the requirement, namely the container 021 is communicated with the secondary pipeline 025 through the multi-way diverter valve 023 and further communicated with the adjacent buffer layer device containers for horizontal adjustment, and when the texture difference of the kitchen waste cached between the buffer layer containers 021 is large, the container 021 is also communicated with the adjacent buffer layer device containers 021 through the secondary pipeline 025 for horizontal adjustment;
(5) after the materials reach the processing layer, the processing layer adjusts the current processing speed through the load sensor, when the throwing layer is in an active conveying mode, the processing layer judges the processed priority throwing nodes according to the variation trend of the metering sensor 015 of the throwing layer and the container metering sensor 024 of the cache layer, in a plurality of throwing nodes with the same priority, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of the throwing nodes according to a program set by the control system, and when the materials in the containers of the cache layers cannot be uniformly mixed through the horizontal adjustment of the cache layers, the processing layer adjusts the nonuniform texture through the mode of executing proportioning processing on the containers of the cache layers.
Claims (7)
1. A distributed kitchen waste collection device is characterized by comprising a throwing layer device, a cache layer device, a processing layer device and a control system; the kitchen waste throwing layer device comprises a plurality of kitchen waste throwing nodes, and the throwing nodes are communicated with the cache layer device through a primary pipeline; the buffer layer devices comprise a plurality of containers capable of receiving and pumping kitchen waste, and are mutually communicated through a second-level pipeline and are communicated with the treatment layer device through a third-level pipeline; the treatment layer device receives the instructions of the control system to treat the kitchen waste at different treatment speeds, priorities, queuing sequences and texture proportions; the control system receives the information of the sensors in the devices and controls the material feeding layer device, the cache layer device and the processing layer device to work according to the set logic information; the releasing nodes have working modes of active conveying and passive searching, and the cache layer devices have working modes of horizontal adjustment and vertical adjustment; the active conveying mode of the throwing node is a working mode that when a metering sensor and a photoelectric sensor of a certain throwing layer node detect that throwing is carried out at a frequency higher than a set frequency, an execution sensor of the throwing node senses a signal and then the crushing pumping mechanism carries out active conveying; the passive searching mode of the throwing node is that after the measuring sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that the amount of the materials is smaller than a set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing pumping mechanism changes the work according to signals of the sensor into control of the system to search once at intervals for whether the throwing amount of the node reaches the set value, if the throwing amount of the node reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is started, and if the throwing amount of the node does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously maintained.
2. The distributed kitchen waste collection device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding layer device at least comprises a plurality of tailing feeding nodes and meal feeding nodes, wherein inlet ports of the tailing feeding nodes and the meal feeding nodes are respectively provided with a metering sensor, a photoelectric sensor and a human body and foreign matter sensor, a crushing pumping mechanism is respectively arranged below the inlet ports, and a container communicated with the cache layer device through a first-level pipeline is arranged below the crushing pumping mechanism; the number of the releasing nodes can be transversely expanded according to the processing load.
3. The distributed kitchen waste collection device according to claim 1, wherein said buffer layer device is a plurality of cavities having multiple inlets and a single outlet, each inlet of the cavity is communicated with a primary pipeline, a container metering sensor is disposed inside the cavity, an outlet of the cavity is provided with a pumping mechanism, an outlet of the pumping mechanism is provided with a multi-way diverter valve, and the multi-way diverter valve is connected with a secondary pipeline and a tertiary pipeline; each container of the buffer layer device is at least communicated with more than two feeding ports through a first-level pipeline, and each container of the buffer layer device is communicated with an adjacent container through a second-level pipeline.
4. The distributed kitchen waste collection device according to claim 1, wherein said inlet of said disposal layer means is gathered by a plurality of tertiary pipes, and a speed regulating mechanism and a load sensor for changing the operation speed are provided on the circuit of the disposal layer means.
5. The distributed kitchen waste collection device according to claim 1, wherein the working mode of vertical adjustment between the buffer layer devices is that when a buffer layer container receives a large amount of materials conveyed by a first-level pipeline of the throwing layer and exceeds the buffer capacity of the buffer layer container, the container metering sensor performs vertical adjustment according to the flow trend entering the buffer layer; the working mode of horizontal adjustment between the buffer layer devices is that the containers are communicated with a secondary pipeline through a multi-way diverter valve so as to be communicated with adjacent buffer layer containers for horizontal adjustment.
6. The distributed kitchen waste collection device according to claim 1, wherein the processing layer determines the priority nodes of processing according to the variation trends of the metering sensor of the feeding layer and the container metering sensor of the cache layer, and among the plurality of nodes of the same priority, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of each node according to the program set by the control system, and when the material texture in the containers of the plurality of cache layers cannot be uniformly mixed through the horizontal adjustment of the cache layers, the processing layer adjusts the non-uniform texture according to the mode of executing the proportioning processing on the containers of the plurality of cache layers.
7. A method for collecting kitchen waste by using the distributed kitchen waste collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
when the human body and foreign body sensors of the throwing node on the throwing layer are not triggered, and the metering sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that a large amount of kitchen waste exceeds a set value and is frequently thrown, the crushing pumping mechanism of the throwing node executes a working mode that the sensor senses a signal, and then the crushing pumping mechanism carries out active conveying;
after the measuring sensor and the photoelectric sensor detect that the quantity of the kitchen waste is smaller than a set value and reaches a certain number of times, the crushing and pumping mechanism of the throwing node does not work according to signals of the sensor any more, the control system searches whether the throwing quantity of the throwing node reaches the set value at intervals for a certain time, if the throwing quantity of the throwing node reaches the set value, the active conveying mode is entered, and if the throwing quantity of the throwing node does not reach the set value, the passive searching mode is continuously kept;
the kitchen waste on the throwing layer enters containers of the caching layer device through the primary pipeline for temporary storage, and as the materials increase, when a certain caching layer container receives a large amount of materials conveyed by the primary pipeline on the throwing layer and exceeds the caching capacity of the container, the container metering sensor vertically adjusts the caching amount of the container preferentially through the on-off of the primary pipeline and the tertiary pipeline communicated with the container metering sensor according to the flow trend entering the caching layer;
when the vertical adjustment still cannot meet the requirements, the container is communicated with a secondary pipeline through a multi-way diverter valve so as to be communicated with adjacent buffer layer containers for horizontal adjustment, and when the texture difference of the kitchen waste buffered between the buffer layer containers is large, the container is also communicated with the adjacent buffer layer containers through the secondary pipeline for horizontal adjustment;
after the materials reach the processing layer, the processing layer adjusts the current processing speed through the load sensor, when the throwing layer is in an active conveying mode, the processing layer judges the processed priority throwing nodes according to the variation trend of the metering sensor of the throwing layer and the container metering sensor of the cache layer, in a plurality of throwing nodes with the same priority, the processing layer executes the queuing sequence of the throwing nodes according to the program set by the control system, and when the materials in the containers of the cache layers cannot be uniformly mixed through the horizontal adjustment of the cache layers, the processing layer adjusts the uneven texture through the mode of executing the proportioning processing on the containers of the cache layers.
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Effective date of registration: 20231114 Address after: 453000 meters north of Litun Gas Station in Muye District, Xinxiang City, Henan Province Patentee after: XINXIANG SHENGDA LIGHT INDUSTRY MACHINERY CO.,LTD. Address before: 100048, Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, Haidian District, No. 11 Patentee before: BEIJING TECHNOLOGY AND BUSINESS University |
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