CN112139222A - A kind of kitchen waste automatic sorting and processing system and processing technology - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system and a treating process relate to the field of household waste treatment and solve the problems that the existing kitchen waste is large in storage capacity and threatens human health. The invention comprises a transport vehicle; a material collecting bin; the water filtration hoister receives the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the material collecting bin and carries out water filtration treatment; the large piece sorting machine is used for sorting large pieces of foreign matters in the kitchen waste slag; the fine crushing separator is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and sorting out inorganic impurities; the squeezing dehydrator is used for squeezing and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag; the oil-water separation device is used for mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment; the secondary pendulum pulping machine is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration; and the anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration. The invention has high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

A kind of kitchen waste automatic sorting and processing system and processing technology

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of domestic waste treatment, in particular to an automatic sorting and treatment system for kitchen waste and a treatment process.

Background technique

Kitchen waste is kitchen waste, also known as swill or swill, which is the domestic waste formed by people in the process of production and consumption. Food waste is highly perishable and spoiled, which gives off foul odors and spreads bacteria and viruses.

According to the different sources of food waste, it is mainly divided into food waste and kitchen waste. The catering waste mainly comes from the leftovers of the catering industry such as restaurants and canteens. Kitchen waste mainly comes from the scraps discarded in the daily cooking and cooking of residents, and the quantity is not as large as that of catering waste. The main characteristics of kitchen waste are that it is rich in organic matter, high in moisture content, and perishable. Its shape and smell will have a bad impact on environmental hygiene, and it is easy to breed harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms and mycotoxins.

my country has a large population, and its food consumption is huge. At the same time, the food habits are not good, and the waste on the dining table every year is quite alarming. Calculated on the basis of 1.2 tons of kitchen waste per 10,000 people per day, there are as many as 156,000 tons of kitchen waste every day, and 57 million tons of kitchen waste is wasted every year. According to the existing data, the amount of kitchen waste produced in my country's cities is no less than 60 million tons every year, which is a huge amount.

According to research, kitchen waste contains a lot of nutrients, the main components are oil and protein, of which, moisture accounts for about 75%, dry matter accounts for about 25%, crude protein accounts for about 25% in dry matter, and energy content is 3.8%. Kcal/ton, it is a rare high-energy, high-protein and high-quality feed material. 60 million tons of kitchen waste is equivalent to 15 million tons of high-quality feed, the energy contained is equivalent to the annual energy output of 42 million mu of corn, and the protein content is equivalent to the annual protein output of 36 million mu of soybeans. Generally speaking, my country is a country with a shortage of food. It has to spend a lot of foreign exchange to import food and feed every year. On the other hand, a lot of food resources are wasted in vain. Therefore, how to rationally use kitchen waste to turn waste into treasure has become one of the important topics in the field of domestic waste treatment.

At present, the main methods of food waste disposal in my country are: farmers directly use it to feed pigs, and a small part is directly transported to waste treatment plants as domestic waste for landfill. However, the above-mentioned treatment method has the following problems: food waste is rich in nutrients and easy to breed bacteria, and some zoonotic diseases and severe animal infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and bacterial diarrhea can be widely spread through food waste; Feeding pigs directly will greatly increase the probability of pigs suffering from infectious diseases. Harmful substances will be transmitted to people through pork, posing a serious threat to human health. After the food waste is landfilled, it will cause groundwater pollution, and, Some waste oil processors will illegally collect kitchen waste for processing and sales, which directly threatens human health. The above-mentioned treatment methods will have serious impacts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem that the existing kitchen waste has large reserves and threatens human health, the present invention provides an automatic sorting and processing system and a processing process for the kitchen waste.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

An automatic sorting and processing system for kitchen waste of the present invention includes a transport vehicle;

Aggregate silo, which evenly transports the collected kitchen waste;

The water filtration elevator receives the kitchen waste uniformly transported by the aggregate bin for water filtration treatment, and obtains the kitchen waste residue and swill;

Large-size sorting machine, which conducts magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting of large foreign objects on kitchen waste residues;

The fine crushing and sorting machine is used to finely crush the large-sized kitchen waste residues and sort out inorganic impurities;

The extrusion dehydrator is used to extrude and dehydrate the finely sorted kitchen waste residue to obtain the kitchen waste slurry;

an oil-water separation device, which mixes the kitchen waste swill obtained after filtering water and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion and dehydration, and then performs oil extraction and dehydration treatment to obtain the kitchen waste residue and liquid;

The secondary pendulum pulper is used for fine pulping of the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration;

The anaerobic fermentation tank is used for anaerobic fermentation of the food waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.

Further, the collecting bin includes: a collecting bin base, a collecting bin support fixed on the collecting bin base, a collecting bin fixed on the collecting bin support obliquely, and a collecting bin fixed on the collecting bin. The power mechanism of the collecting bin at the left end, the front fixed piece of the shaftless helical blade connected to the power mechanism of the collecting bin, the unshafted helical blade fixed on the front fixed piece of the unshafted helical blade at the left end, and the right end of the shaftless helical blade fixed on the shaftless helical blade. On the rear fixed piece of the blade, the end cover of the aggregate collection bin fixed on the right end of the aggregate collection bin, the rear fixed piece of the shaftless helical blade is connected with the end cover of the aggregate collection bin through the bearing, and the aggregate collection bin installed on the aggregate collection bin The upper cover, the aggregate feed bin installed on the upper cover of the aggregate collection bin, the discharge plate installed on the end cover of the aggregate collection bin, and the guide plate fixed under the right end of the aggregate collection bin.

Further, the fine crushing and sorting machine includes: a fine crushing and sorting machine base, a first fine crushing and sorting machine support and a second fine crushing and sorting machine support fixed on the base of the fine crushing and sorting machine, respectively. The vibration mechanism fixed on the first fine crushing and sorting machine support and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support, the fine crushing and sorting machine shell connected with the vibration mechanism, and the fine crushing machine fixed on the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell The feeding bin of the sorting machine, the upper cover of the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine fixed on the upper end of the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine, the first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen installed obliquely inside the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine The vibrating screen and the first vibrating screen are located at the upper end of the second vibrating screen and are arranged in parallel.

Further, the fine crushing and sorting machine also includes: an air inlet fixed on the outer wall of the outer casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine, a fourth air inlet pipe connected to the air outlet of the air inlet fan, and the air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe is connected. The two second air inlet pipes, the third air inlet pipe connected with the outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe, and the two first air inlet pipes connected with the third air inlet pipe;

The junction of the two second air inlet pipes and the third air inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine; the other ends of the two second air inlet pipes are communicated with the inside of the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine;

The junction of the two first air inlet pipes and the third air inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine; the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes are communicated with the inside of the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine;

The position where the second air inlet pipe communicates with the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine is between the first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen;

The position where the first air inlet pipe communicates with the casing of the fine crushing and sorting machine is above the first vibrating screen.

Further, the fine crushing and sorting machine also includes: a first end plate connected to the lower right end of the first vibrating screen through a shaft, a second end plate connected to the lower right end of the second vibrating screen through a shaft, and a shaft connected to the fine The third end plate at the lower right end of the crushing and sorting machine shell.

Further, the vibration mechanism includes: a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, and the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism have the same structural dimensions; the first vibration mechanism includes: fixed on the first fine crushing The vibrator on the sorting support, the first fixing flange fixed on the vibrator, the second fixing flange fixed on the outer wall of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell, the first fixing flange and the second fixing method between the first vibration spring and the second vibration spring.

Further, the oil-water separation device includes:

The base of the oil-water separation device, the base of the sewage pump installed on the base of the oil-water separation device, the sewage pump installed on the base of the sewage pump, the pipeline connected with the sewage pump, the support seat of the first oil collecting chamber installed on the base of the oil-water separation device, The first oil collection chamber fixed on the support seat of the first oil collection chamber, the first oil outlet arranged on the side of the upper end of the first oil collection chamber, the first sewage outlet arranged on the side of the lower end of the first oil collection chamber, and the The diffusion nozzle on the inner side wall of the first oil collecting chamber, the base of the polymerization chamber fixed on the base of the oil-water separation device, the polymerization chamber fixed on the base of the polymerization chamber, the fiber aggregator installed inside the polymerization chamber, and the upper end of the polymerization chamber The third oil outlet on the side, the fourth sewage outlet installed on the lower end of the polymerization chamber, the fine filter chamber installed on the polymerization chamber, the third sewage outlet installed on the lower end of the fine filter chamber, and the second sewage outlet installed on the fine filter chamber The oil collecting chamber, the fine filter arranged inside the fine filter chamber, the second sewage outlet arranged on the second oil collecting chamber, the corrugated plate coalescer installed inside the second oil collecting chamber, the corrugated plate coalescer arranged in the second oil collecting chamber The second oil outlet on the side of the upper end.

the first sewage outlet is located at the inner upper end of the second oil collecting chamber;

The three sewage outlets are located at the inner upper end of the polymerization chamber;

The second sewage outlet is located at the inner upper end of the fine filter chamber.

Further, solenoid valves are installed at the first oil outlet of the first oil collecting chamber and the second oil outlet of the second oil collecting chamber, and the grease can be automatically removed by the solenoid valves; manual valves are installed at the third oil outlet of the polymerization chamber. valve, grease can be drained through manual valve.

The processing method of a kitchen waste automatic sorting and processing system of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1. The transport vehicle arrives at the designated collection point, collects the kitchen waste in the standard buckets of hotels, canteens and restaurants, puts it into the collection bucket, and transports it to the processing center for automatic measurement. After unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned again. receive and transport;

Step 2: Pour the kitchen waste into the aggregate bin, and evenly transport the kitchen waste to the water filter elevator through the aggregate bin;

Step 3: After filtering the kitchen waste by the water filtering elevator, the kitchen waste residue and swill are obtained, and the kitchen waste residue is lifted into the large-size sorting machine;

Step 4: Magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting are carried out on the kitchen waste residue by the large-size sorting machine, and large-size foreign objects are sorted out;

Step 5. The kitchen waste residues sorted by the large-size sorting machine enter the fine crushing and sorting machine, and are finely crushed by the fine crushing and sorting machine to sort out inorganic impurities;

Step 6: The kitchen waste residue after being finely crushed and sorted by the fine crushing and sorting machine enters the extrusion dehydrator, and is subjected to extrusion dehydration treatment through the extrusion dehydrator to extrude the slurry;

Step 7. After mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained in step 3 and the slurry obtained in step 6, carry out oil extraction and dehydration treatment through an oil-water separation device;

Step 8. The kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration is finely pulped again by the secondary pendulum pulper;

Step 9. The liquid after oil extraction and dehydration is transported to an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the present invention, the specially made aggregate bin is adopted to solve the problem of uneven conveying after the existing aggregates. The shaftless helical blades provided therein can achieve a uniform stirring effect on the kitchen waste, and the shaftless helical blades are inclined at the same time. It can transport the kitchen waste while stirring evenly. When the kitchen waste is transported to the discharge port of the aggregate bin, open the feeding plate for discharging. The discharging plate can prevent a large amount of swill from hitting the water filter elevator at the beginning. , After the discharge plate is slowly opened, the kitchen waste is evenly transported to the water filter elevator.

In the present invention, the food waste residue and swill can be obtained by filtering the kitchen waste through the water filtering elevator.

In the present invention, the kitchen waste slag is lifted into the large-size sorting machine, and the kitchen waste slag is subjected to magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing, and sorting out large foreign objects by the large-size sorting machine.

In the present invention, the large-sized kitchen waste residue is finely crushed by a fine crushing and sorting machine, and inorganic impurities are sorted out. Among them, through the joint action of the first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen, inorganic impurities that affect fermentation, such as plastic bags, ropes, small bones, stainless steel spoons, steel balls, etc., can be sorted out, and fine shells, egg shells can also be sorted out. And some inorganic materials such as fibers are sorted out. The sorting and crushing effect of this fine crushing and sorting machine is much higher than that of products on the market. The sorting is thorough, the organic matter yield is high, and the overall design is ingenious. Winding, will not jam.

In the present invention, the sorted kitchen waste is in the form of a slurry containing organic particles, and the slurry inside still contains oil, and is subjected to extrusion and dehydration, and the slurry is completely extruded through an extrusion dehydrator to obtain the kitchen waste. slurry.

In the present invention, the oil-water separation device mixes the kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtering and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration, and then carries out oil extraction and dehydration treatment to obtain the kitchen waste residue and liquid. Among them, through the first oil collecting chamber, the second oil collecting chamber (corrugated plate coalescer), the fine filter chamber (fine filter), the polymerization chamber (fiber polymerizer), the liquid is subjected to oil extraction and dehydration treatment, and is extracted layer by layer, It can improve the oil extraction rate, complete the oil extraction, increase the production of by-products, and improve the treatment capacity and treatment effect.

In the present invention, the secondary pendulum pulper performs fine pulping on the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration.

In the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation tank performs anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.

The invention adopts the latest automatic sorting and processing means of kitchen waste to ensure environmental protection and harmlessness. The oil produced after processing can be used as the raw material of biodiesel, and the obtained residue can be used as organic fertilizer to feed Tenebrio molitor, so as to realize the recycling of resources, energy saving, environmental protection and no pollution. Pollution is beneficial to the development of society and the sustainable use of resources.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the automatic sorting and pretreatment of kitchen waste according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aggregate bin.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fine crushing and sorting machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-water separation device.

In the picture:

1. Transport vehicle;

2. Aggregate bin, 201, Aggregate bin base, 202, Aggregate bin support, 203, Aggregate collection bin, 204, Aggregate bin power mechanism, 205, Front fixing piece of shaftless spiral blade, 206, Aggregate Feed bin, 207, upper cover of aggregate collection bin, 208, shaftless spiral blade, 209, rear fixing plate of shaftless screw blade, 210, end cover of aggregate collection bin, 211, discharge plate, 212, feed guide plate ;

3. Water filtration elevator;

4. Large sorting machine;

5. Fine crushing and sorting machine, 501, base of fine crushing and sorting machine, 502, first fine crushing and sorting machine support, 503, vibrator, 504, first fixing flange, 505, first vibration spring, 506 , the second vibration spring, 507, the second fixed flange, 508, the shell of the fine crushing and sorting machine, 509, the upper cover of the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine, 510, the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine, 511, the first A vibrating screen, 512, first air inlet duct, 513, second air inlet duct, 514, third air inlet duct, 515, first end plate, 516, second end plate, 517, second vibrating screen, 518 , the fourth air inlet pipe, 519, the third end plate, 520, the air inlet, 521, the second fine crushing and sorting machine support;

6. Extrusion dehydrator;

7. Oil-water separation device, 701, oil-water separation device base, 702, sewage pump base, 703, sewage pump, 704, first oil collecting chamber support seat, 705, pipeline, 706, diffusion nozzle, 707, first oil collecting chamber , 708, first oil outlet, 709, first sewage outlet, 710, corrugated plate coalescer, 711, second oil collecting chamber, 712, second oil outlet, 713, second sewage outlet, 714, fine Filter chamber, 715, fine filter, 716, third sewage outlet, 717, third oil outlet, 718, fiber aggregator, 719, polymerization chamber, 720, fourth sewage outlet, 721, polymerization chamber base;

8. Secondary pendulum pulping machine;

9. Anaerobic fermentation tank.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to the principle of combining advancement and applicability, according to the production characteristics and the design principle of high efficiency, the invention adopts advanced, reliable and applicable process conditions to formulate a reasonable, simple, scientific and advanced processing technology and processing system, which can ensure that the kitchen Safe, reliable, high-efficiency and better treatment effect of garbage disposal.

An automatic sorting and processing system for kitchen waste of the present invention includes a transport vehicle 1, an aggregate bin 2, a water filtering elevator 3, a large-size sorting machine 4, a fine crushing sorting machine 5, an extrusion dehydrator 6, Oil-water separation device 7 , secondary pendulum pulper 8 , anaerobic fermentation tank 9 .

The aggregate bin 2 is mainly used to uniformly transport the collected kitchen waste to the water filtering elevator 3; Garbage slag and swill; large-size sorting machine 4 is used for magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing, and sorting of large-size foreign objects on kitchen waste slag; fine crushing and sorting machine 5 is used for large-size sorting The food waste residue is finely crushed and the inorganic impurities are sorted out; the extrusion dehydrator 6 is used to extrude and dehydrate the finely sorted food waste residue to obtain the kitchen waste slurry; the oil-water separation device 7 is used to mix the kitchen waste swill obtained after filtering water and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion and dehydration, and then carry out oil extraction and dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste residue and liquid; the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 is used for Fine pulping is performed on the food waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration; the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 is used for anaerobic fermentation of the food waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.

The aggregate bin 2 mainly includes: the aggregate bin base 201, the aggregate bin support 202, the aggregate collection bin 203, the aggregate bin power mechanism 204, the front fixed piece of the shaftless spiral blade 205, the aggregate feed bin 206, the aggregate bin The upper cover 207 of the material collection bin, the shaftless helical blade 208, the rear fixing piece 209 of the shaftless helical blade, the end cover 210 of the aggregate collection bin, the discharge plate 211 and the material guide plate 212.

The aggregate bin support 202 is fixed on the aggregate bin base 201, the aggregate collection bin 203 is slanted and fixed on the aggregate bin support 202, the aggregate bin power mechanism 204 is fixed on the left end of the aggregate bin 203, and the shaftless spiral blade The front fixed piece 205 is connected with the power mechanism 204 of the collection bin, the outer ring of the front fixed piece 205 of the shaftless helical blade is connected with the aggregate collecting bin 203 through a bearing, and the left end of the shaftless helical blade 208 is fixed on the front fixed piece 205 of the shaftless helical blade , the right end of the shaftless helical blade 208 is fixed on the rear fixed sheet 209 of the shaftless helical blade, the end cover 210 of the aggregate collection bin is fixed on the right end of the aggregate collection bin 203, and the rear fixed sheet 209 of the shaftless helical blade passes through the bearing and the aggregate collection bin The end covers 210 are connected, the upper cover 207 of the aggregate collection bin is installed on the aggregate collection bin 203, the aggregate feed bin 206 is installed on the upper cover 207 of the aggregate collection bin, and the discharge plate 211 is installed on the end cap of the aggregate collection bin 210 , the guide plate 212 is fixed under the right end of the aggregate collecting bin 203 . The power mechanism 204 of the collection bin can use the existing technology, as long as it can drive the shaftless helical blade 208 to rotate.

After the original ecological kitchen waste is put in through the aggregate feeding bin 206, the aggregate bin power mechanism 204 is activated, the shaftless screw blade 208 rotates, and the kitchen waste is moved to the right end, and the shaftless screw blade 208 realizes the food waste. The food waste reaches the rightmost end of the aggregate collection bin 203, and the feeding plate 211 is opened to start discharging, and the food waste enters the water filter elevator 3 through the feeding plate 212.

The kitchen waste is filtered through the water filtering elevator 3, and the kitchen waste residue and swill can be obtained. The kitchen waste slag is lifted to the large-size sorting machine 4, and the large-size sorting machine 4 conducts magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing, and sorting of large foreign objects on the kitchen waste slag. The crushing and sorting machine 5 finely crushes the large-sized food waste slag, and sorts out inorganic impurities.

The fine crushing and sorting machine 5 mainly includes: the fine crushing and sorting machine base 501, the first fine crushing and sorting machine support 502, the vibration mechanism (the vibrator 503, the first fixed flange 504, the first vibration spring 505, the second Vibration spring 506, second fixed flange 507), fine crushing and sorting machine housing 508, fine crushing and sorting machine feed bin upper cover 509, fine crushing and sorting machine feed bin 510, first vibrating screen 511, first Air inlet pipe 512, second air inlet pipe 513, third air inlet pipe 514, first end plate 515, second end plate 516, second vibrating screen 517, fourth air inlet pipe 518, third end plate 519, The intake fan 520 and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support 521.

The first fine crushing and sorting machine support 502 and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support 521 are both fixed on the fine crushing and sorting machine base 501, and the two vibration mechanisms are located on the first fine crushing and sorting machine support 502 and A vibration mechanism is respectively fixed on the second fine crushing and sorting machine support 521, the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508 is connected with the vibration mechanism, and the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin 510 is fixed on the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508, The upper cover 509 of the feeding bin 509 of the fine crushing and sorting machine is fixed on the upper end of the feeding bin 510 of the fine crushing and sorting machine, and the first vibrating screen 511 and the second vibrating screen 517 are installed obliquely inside the feeding bin 510 of the fine crushing and sorting machine, wherein , the first vibrating screen 511 is located at the upper end of the second vibrating screen 517 and the two are arranged in parallel.

The inlet fan 520 is fixed on the outer wall of the casing 508 of the fine crushing and sorting machine, the fourth inlet duct 518 is connected to the outlet of the inlet fan 520, and the two second inlet ducts 513 are both connected to the outlet end of the fourth inlet duct 518. The third air inlet pipe 514 is connected to the air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe 518 , and the two first air inlet pipes 512 are both connected to the third air inlet pipe 514 . The first end plate 515 is connected to the lower right end of the first vibrating screen 511 through a shaft, the second end plate 516 is connected to the lower right end of the second vibrating screen 517 through a shaft, and the third end plate 519 is connected to the casing 508 of the fine crushing and sorting machine through a shaft bottom right.

Among them, the junction of the two second air inlet pipes 513 and the third air inlet pipe 514 is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine casing 508; The junction of the two first air inlet pipes 512 and the third air inlet pipe 514 is communicated with the inside of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508; the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes 512 are connected with the inside of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508 The position where the second air inlet pipe 513 communicates with the fine crushing and sorting machine casing 508 is between the first vibrating screen 511 and the second vibrating screen 517; the first air inlet pipe 512 is in communication with the fine crushing and sorting machine casing 508 The position is above the first vibrating screen 511 .

The vibration mechanism includes: a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, and the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism have the same structural dimensions.

Take one of the vibration mechanisms as an example to introduce its specific structure. The first vibration mechanism includes: a vibrator 503 , a first fixed flange 504 , a first vibration spring 505 , a second vibration spring 506 and a second fixed flange 507 . The vibrator 503 of the first vibration mechanism is fixed on the support 502 of the first fine crushing and sorting machine (the vibrator 503 of the second vibration mechanism is fixed on the support 521 of the second fine crushing and sorting machine), the first fixed flange 504 is fixed on the vibrator 503, the second fixing flange 507 is fixed on the outer wall of the casing 508 of the fine crushing and sorting machine, the first vibration spring 505 and the second vibration spring 506 are fixed on the first fixing flange 504 and the second fixing method Between Lan 507.

The working principle of the fine crushing and sorting machine 5 is: open the upper cover 509 of the feeding bin of the fine crushing and sorting machine, and the kitchen waste residues after the large-size sorting are put into the feeding bin 510 of the fine crushing and sorting machine. A vibrator 503 in a vibrating mechanism, the vibrator 503 drives the fine crushing and sorting machine casing 508 to vibrate at a certain frequency through the transmission action of the second fixed flange 507 and the force, and the kitchen waste residue first passes through the first vibrating screen 511 Inorganic impurities such as plastic bags, ropes, small bones, stainless steel spoons, steel balls, etc. are screened out. Due to the inclined setting of the first vibrating screen 511, the above-mentioned inorganic impurities such as plastic bags, ropes, small bones, stainless steel spoons, steel balls, etc. are moved to the surface by vibration. The right end of the shell 508 of the fine crushing and sorting machine can finally open the first end plate 515 for discharge; at the same time, other fine impurities such as shells, egg shells, fibers, etc. will fall on the second vibrating screen 517 and pass through the second vibrating screen 517 The above-mentioned small impurities such as shells, egg shells, fibers, etc. are screened out, and finally the second end plate 516 can be opened for discharge; finally, the finely screened kitchen waste falls into the space at the lower end of the shell 508 of the fine crushing and sorting machine. Three end plates 519 are collected. In addition, if the kitchen waste is frozen and needs to be heated, the air intake fan 520 can be activated, and the fine air inlet duct 512, the second air intake duct 513, the third air intake duct 514, and the fourth air intake duct 518 can be turned on. Air is blown into the casing 508 of the crushing and sorting machine to defrost to assist fine crushing. The fine crushing and sorting machine 5 is used for fine crushing, and inorganic impurities are sorted out.

The finely sorted kitchen waste residue is subjected to extrusion dehydration treatment by the extrusion dehydrator 6 to obtain the kitchen waste slurry.

The kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtering and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion and dehydration are mixed by the oil-water separation device 7, and then heated and processed to extract oil and dehydrate to obtain the kitchen waste residue and liquid.

The oil-water separation device 7 mainly includes: the oil-water separation device base 701, the sewage pump base 702, the sewage pump 703, the first oil collecting chamber support seat 704, the pipeline 705, the diffusion nozzle 706, the first oil collecting chamber 707, the first oil outlet 708, first sewage outlet 709, corrugated plate coalescer 710, second oil collecting chamber 711, second oil outlet 712, second sewage outlet 713, fine filter chamber 714, fine filter 715, third sewage outlet 716, The third oil outlet 717 , the fiber aggregator 718 , the polymerization chamber 719 , the fourth sewage outlet 720 and the polymerization chamber base 721 .

The sewage pump base 702 is installed on the oil-water separation device base 701, the sewage pump 703 is installed on the sewage pump base 702, the pipeline 705 is connected with the sewage pump 703, the first oil collecting chamber support seat 704 is installed on the oil-water separation device base 701, An oil collecting chamber 707 is fixed on the first oil collecting chamber support base 704 and the first oil outlet 708 is arranged on the upper end side of the first oil collecting chamber 707, and the first sewage outlet 709 is arranged on the lower end side of the first oil collecting chamber 707, The diffusion nozzle 706 is arranged on the inner side wall of the first oil collecting chamber 707 , the polymerization chamber base 721 is fixed on the oil-water separation device base 701 , the polymerization chamber 719 is fixed on the polymerization chamber base 721 , and the fiber aggregator 718 is installed inside the polymerization chamber 719 , the third oil outlet 717 is installed on the upper side of the polymerization chamber 719, the fourth sewage outlet 720 is installed on the lower end of the polymerization chamber 719, the fine filter chamber 714 is installed on the polymerization chamber 719, and the third sewage outlet 716 is installed on the lower end of the fine filter chamber 714 , the second oil collecting chamber 711 is installed on the fine filter chamber 714, the fine filter 715 is installed inside the fine filter chamber 714, the second sewage outlet 713 is installed on the second oil collecting chamber 711, and the corrugated plate coalescer 710 is installed on the first Inside the second oil collecting chambers 711 , the second oil outlet 712 is provided on the upper end side of the corrugated plate coalescer 710 . The first sewage outlet 709 is located at the inner upper end of the second oil collecting chamber 711 ; the third sewage outlet 716 is located at the inner upper end of the polymerization chamber 719 ; the second sewage outlet 713 is located at the inner upper end of the fine filter chamber 714 .

The working principle of the oil-water separation device 7 is as follows: start the sewage pump 703, the oily sewage enters the first oil collecting chamber 707 through the pipeline 705, and after the action of the diffusion nozzle 706, the large oil droplets float on the top of the first oil collecting chamber 707, and pass through the first oil collecting chamber 707. The first oil outlet 708 can discharge grease; the sewage containing small oil droplets enters the second oil collecting chamber 711 through the first sewage outlet 709 and passes through the corrugated plate coalescer 710, and forms part of the oil droplets through the corrugated plate coalescer 710. Larger oil droplets float on the top of the second oil collecting chamber 711, and grease can be discharged through the second oil outlet 712; The impurities in it are removed, and then it enters the polymerization chamber 719 through the third sewage outlet 716, and the fiber aggregator 718 therein makes the fine oil droplets aggregated into larger oil droplets and separated from water, and the oil can be discharged through the third oil outlet 717, After the grease and water are separated, the clean water can be discharged through the fourth sewage outlet 720 .

Wherein, solenoid valves can be installed at the first oil outlet 708 of the first oil collecting chamber 707 and the second oil outlet 712 of the second oil collecting chamber 711, and the grease can be automatically removed by the solenoid valves, and the oil in the polymerization chamber 719 The third oil outlet 717 can be installed with a manual valve, and the grease in it can be drained through the manual valve.

The oil-water separation device 7 mixes the kitchen waste swill obtained after filtering water and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion and dehydration, and then carries out oil extraction and dehydration treatment to obtain the kitchen waste residue and liquid; 8 pairs of secondary pendulum pulpers The food waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration is subjected to fine pulping; the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 performs anaerobic fermentation on the food waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.

The method for automatic sorting and preprocessing of kitchen waste of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

Step 1. The transport vehicle arrives at the designated collection point, collects the kitchen waste in the standard buckets of hotels, canteens and restaurants, puts it into the collection bucket, and transports it to the processing center for automatic measurement. After unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned again. receive and transport;

Step 2: Pour the kitchen waste into the aggregate bin 2, and evenly transport the kitchen waste to the water filter elevator 3 through the aggregate bin 2;

Step 3: After filtering the kitchen waste by the water filtering elevator 3, the kitchen waste residue and swill are obtained, and the kitchen waste residue is lifted to the large-size sorting machine 4;

Step 4: Magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting are carried out on the kitchen waste residue by the large-size sorting machine 4, and large-size foreign objects are sorted out. Most of the sorted large-size foreign objects are inorganic wastes, such as Metals, glass, large bones, plates, wood, etc., can be sent to waste-to-energy plants for secondary utilization to realize the recycling of resources.

Step 5. The kitchen waste residues sorted by the large-size sorting machine 4 enter the fine crushing and sorting machine 5, and are finely crushed by the fine crushing and sorting machine to sort out inorganic impurities.

Step 6: The kitchen waste residues after being finely crushed and sorted by the fine crushing and sorting machine 5 enter the extrusion dehydrator 6, and are subjected to extrusion dehydration treatment through the extrusion dehydrator 6 to extrude the slurry; wherein, the obtained The kitchen waste residue can be directly used as organic fertilizer to feed Tenebrio molitor to realize resource recycling.

Step 7: Mix the kitchen waste swill obtained in step 3 and the slurry obtained in step 6, and then carry out oil extraction and dehydration treatment through the oil-water separation device 7; the produced oil can be used as the raw material of biodiesel to realize the recycling of resources.

Step 8. The kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration is finely pulped again by the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8,

Step 9. The liquid after oil extraction and dehydration is transported to the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 for anaerobic fermentation. The kitchen waste after anaerobic fermentation can be used as raw material to produce organic fertilizer for feeding livestock and poultry.

In the present invention, the water filtering elevator 3 adopts the screw conveyor produced by Xinxiang Zhongtian Xinghuo Machinery Co., Ltd., and the model is ZTGT-600.

In the present invention, the large-piece sorting machine 4 adopts the large-piece sorting machine produced by Xinxiang Zhongtian Xinghuo Machinery Co., Ltd., and the model is ZTDF-800.

In the present invention, the extrusion dehydrator 6 adopts the ZTZY type screw juice dehydrator produced by Xinxiang Zhongtian Xinghuo Machinery Co., Ltd., and its specific parameters are as follows:

The model is ZTZY315;

Processing capacity (t/h): the amount of feed/slag is 2-5/1.6;

The diameter of the helix is 315mm;

The speed is 16r/min;

The power is 11kw;

Overall dimensions are length × width × height = 4100mm × 790mm × 1320mm;

The weight is 2t.

In the present invention, the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 specifically adopts the ZTBC type pendulum crusher produced by Xinxiang Zhongtian Xinghuo Machinery Co., Ltd., and its specific parameters are as follows:

The model is ZTBC300;

The maximum processing capacity is 2t/h;

The power is 7.5-15kw;

The speed is 1480r/min;

Dimensions are length × width × height = 1200mm × 400mm × 500mm;

The weight is 0.8t.

In the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 specifically adopts the anaerobic fermentation tank produced by Xingyang Huitongda Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd., and its specific parameters are as follows:

The model is FJG-10;

The heating power is 4×6kw;

The stirring power is 11kw;

The model of the reducer is BLED85-493-11;

The stirring speed is 3r/min;

The external dimensions are length×width×height=2400mm×2400mm×6900mm.

In an automatic sorting and processing system for kitchen waste of the present invention, the annual processing capacity is shown in Table 1, and the by-products of kitchen waste are shown in Table 2.

Table 1

serial number product name unit quantity 1 kitchen waste Ton 11000

Table 2

serial number product name unit quantity 1 grease Ton 550 2 Organic fertilizer (residue) Ton 2200

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage automatic separation processing system, includes transport vechicle (1), its characterized in that still includes:

the material collecting bin (2) is used for uniformly conveying the collected kitchen waste;

the water filtering lifter (3) receives the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the material collecting bin (2) and performs water filtering treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag materials and swill;

the large-piece sorting machine (4) is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag;

the fine crushing separator (5) is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and separating inorganic impurities;

the squeezing dehydrator (6) is used for squeezing and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag to obtain kitchen waste slurry;

the oil-water separation device (7) is used for mixing kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and liquid;

a secondary pendulum pulping machine (8) for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration;

and the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.

2. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that said collection bin (2) comprises: a collecting bin base (201), a collecting bin support (202) fixed on the collecting bin base (201), a collecting bin (203) obliquely fixed on the collecting bin support (202), a collecting bin power mechanism (204) fixed at the left end of the collecting bin (203), a shaftless helical blade front fixing piece (205) connected with the collecting bin power mechanism (204), a shaftless helical blade (208) with the left end fixed on the shaftless helical blade front fixing piece (205), a shaftless helical blade (208) with the right end fixed on a shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece (209), a collecting bin end cover (210) fixed at the right end of the collecting bin (203), a collecting bin end cover (210) connected with the shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece (209) through a bearing, a collecting bin upper cover (207) installed on the collecting bin (203), a feeding bin (206) installed on the collecting bin upper cover (207), and a collecting bin, A material discharging plate (211) arranged on the end cover (210) of the aggregate collection bin and a material guide plate (212) fixed below the right end of the aggregate collection bin (203).

3. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) comprises: a fine crushing and sorting machine base (501), a first fine crushing and sorting machine support (502) and a second fine crushing and sorting machine support (521) which are fixed on the fine crushing and sorting machine base (501), a vibrating mechanism which is respectively fixed on the first fine crushing and sorting machine support (502) and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support (521), and a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508) which is connected with the vibrating mechanism, the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510) fixed at the upper end of a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508), a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin upper cover (509) fixed at the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510), a first vibrating screen (511) and a second vibrating screen (517) which are obliquely installed inside the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510), wherein the first vibrating screen (511) is located at the upper end of the second vibrating screen (517) and is arranged in parallel.

4. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) further comprises: the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises an air inlet machine (520) fixed on the outer wall of a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508), a fourth air inlet pipe (518) connected with an air outlet of the air inlet machine (520), two second air inlet pipes (513) connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe (518), a third air inlet pipe (514) connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe (518), and two first air inlet pipes (512) connected with the third air inlet pipe (514);

the joint of the two second air inlet pipes (513) and the third air inlet pipe (514) is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508); the other ends of the two second air inlet pipes (513) are communicated with the inside of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508);

the joint of the two first air inlet pipes (512) and the third air inlet pipe (514) is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing separator shell (508); the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes (512) are communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508);

the second air inlet pipe (513) is communicated with the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508) and is positioned between the first vibrating screen (511) and the second vibrating screen (517);

the first air inlet duct (512) communicates with the fine crusher classifier housing (508) at a position above the first vibrating screen (511).

5. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) further comprises: a first end plate (515) connected to the right lower end of the first vibrating screen (511) by a shaft, a second end plate (516) connected to the right lower end of the second vibrating screen (517) by a shaft, and a third end plate (519) connected to the right lower end of the fine crushing classifier housing (508) by a shaft.

6. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said vibrating mechanism comprises: the vibration device comprises a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, wherein the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism have the same structure size; the first vibration mechanism includes: a vibrator (503) fixed on a first fine crushing classifier support (502), a first fixing flange (504) fixed on the vibrator (503), a second fixing flange (507) fixed on the outer wall of a fine crushing classifier shell (508), and a first vibration spring (505) and a second vibration spring (506) fixed between the first fixing flange (504) and the second fixing flange (507).

7. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separation device (7) comprises:

the device comprises an oil-water separation device base (701), a sewage pump base (702) arranged on the oil-water separation device base (701), a sewage pump (703) arranged on the sewage pump base (702), a pipeline (705) connected with the sewage pump (703), a first oil collection chamber supporting base (704) arranged on the oil-water separation device base (701), a first oil collection chamber (707) fixed on the first oil collection chamber supporting base (704), a first oil outlet (708) arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the first oil collection chamber (707), a first drain outlet (709) arranged on the side surface of the lower end of the first oil collection chamber (707), a diffusion nozzle (706) arranged on the inner side wall of the first oil collection chamber (707), a polymerization chamber base (721) fixed on the oil-water separation device base (701), a polymerization chamber (719) fixed on the polymerization chamber base (721), and a fiber polymerizer (718) arranged inside the polymerization chamber (719), The device comprises a third oil outlet (717) arranged on the side face of the upper end of a polymerization chamber (719), a fourth drain (720) arranged on the lower end of the polymerization chamber (719), a fine filtering chamber (714) arranged on the polymerization chamber (719), a third drain (716) arranged on the lower end of the fine filtering chamber (714), a second oil collecting chamber (711) arranged on the fine filtering chamber (714), a fine filter (715) arranged inside the fine filtering chamber (714), a second drain (713) arranged on the second oil collecting chamber (711), a corrugated plate coalescer (710) arranged inside the second oil collecting chamber (711), and a second oil outlet (712) arranged on the side face of the upper end of the corrugated plate coalescer (710).

The first drain port (709) is positioned at the upper end in the second oil collecting chamber (711);

the three sewage outlets (716) are positioned at the upper end of the inside of the polymerization chamber (719);

the second sewage draining outlet (713) is positioned at the upper end of the inner part of the fine filtering chamber (714).

8. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system according to claim 7, characterized in that solenoid valves are installed at the first oil outlet (708) of the first oil collecting chamber (707) and the second oil outlet (712) of the second oil collecting chamber (711), and grease can be automatically removed through the solenoid valves; a manual valve is arranged at a third oil outlet (717) of the polymerization chamber (719), and grease can be removed through the manual valve.

9. The treatment method of the automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, a transport vehicle reaches a designated collection point, kitchen waste in standard barrels of hotels, dining halls and restaurants is collected and loaded into a collection barrel, the kitchen waste is transported to a processing center for automatic metering, and after unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned and then collected and transported again;

pouring the kitchen waste into a material collecting bin (2), and uniformly conveying the kitchen waste into a water filtering lifter (3) through the material collecting bin (2);

step three, filtering water of the kitchen waste by a water filtering lifter (3) to obtain kitchen waste slag and swill, and lifting the kitchen waste slag into a large sorting machine (4);

fourthly, carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag through a large-piece sorting machine (4), and sorting out large-piece foreign matters;

step five, the kitchen waste slag materials sorted by the large sorting machine (4) enter a fine crushing sorting machine (5), and are subjected to fine crushing and sorting to obtain inorganic impurities;

step six, feeding the kitchen waste slag materials subjected to fine crushing and sorting by the fine crushing and sorting machine (5) into an extruding and dewatering machine (6), and extruding and dewatering by the extruding and dewatering machine (6) to extrude slurry;

seventhly, mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained in the step three with the slurry obtained in the step six, and then carrying out oil extraction and dehydration treatment through an oil-water separation device (7);

step eight, performing fine pulping on the kitchen waste residue subjected to oil extraction and dehydration through a secondary pendulum pulping machine (8);

and step nine, conveying the liquid subjected to oil extraction and dehydration to an anaerobic fermentation tank (9) for anaerobic fermentation.

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