CN112139222A - Automatic sorting treatment system and treatment process for kitchen waste - Google Patents
Automatic sorting treatment system and treatment process for kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112139222A CN112139222A CN202010988630.XA CN202010988630A CN112139222A CN 112139222 A CN112139222 A CN 112139222A CN 202010988630 A CN202010988630 A CN 202010988630A CN 112139222 A CN112139222 A CN 112139222A
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- fine crushing
- sorting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/018—Animal meals
Abstract
An automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system and a treating process relate to the field of household waste treatment and solve the problems that the existing kitchen waste is large in storage capacity and threatens human health. The invention comprises a transport vehicle; a material collecting bin; the water filtration hoister receives the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the material collecting bin and carries out water filtration treatment; the large piece sorting machine is used for sorting large pieces of foreign matters in the kitchen waste slag; the fine crushing separator is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and sorting out inorganic impurities; the squeezing dehydrator is used for squeezing and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag; the oil-water separation device is used for mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment; the secondary pendulum pulping machine is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration; and the anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration. The invention has high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect, energy saving and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to an automatic kitchen garbage sorting treatment system and a treatment process.
Background
The kitchen waste, namely kitchen waste, also becomes swill or swill, and is domestic waste formed in the production and consumption processes of people. The kitchen waste is extremely easy to decay and deteriorate, so that the kitchen waste emits foul smell and further transmits bacteria and viruses.
The food waste is mainly classified into food waste and kitchen waste according to different sources of the food waste. The food waste is mainly from leftovers in restaurants, dining halls and other catering industries, and has the advantages of large quantity, wide sources and wide distribution. The kitchen waste is mainly derived from waste leftovers in daily cooking and cooking of residents, and the quantity of the kitchen waste is not huge compared with that of food waste. The kitchen waste is mainly characterized by rich organic matter content, high water content and easy decay, the shape and smell of the kitchen waste can cause bad influence on environmental sanitation, and harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms and mycotoxin are easy to generate.
China has a large population, the number of food consumption is large, meanwhile, the food habits are not good, and the annual waste on dining tables is quite remarkable. Calculated by 1.2 tons of kitchen waste per ten thousand people per day, 15.6 tons of kitchen waste per day exist, and 5700 tons of kitchen waste are wasted in one year. According to the existing data, the quantity of kitchen waste generated in cities of China is not less than 6000 million tons every year, and the quantity is huge.
According to research, the kitchen waste contains a large amount of nutrient substances, the main components of the kitchen waste are grease and protein, wherein the water accounts for about 75%, the dry matter accounts for about 25%, the crude protein accounts for about 25% in the dry matter, the energy content is 3.8 kcal/ton, and the kitchen waste is an rare high-energy high-protein high-quality feed raw material. 6000 ten thousand tons of kitchen waste is equivalent to 1500 ten thousand tons of high-quality feed, the contained energy is equivalent to the energy output of 4200 ten thousand mu of corn per year, and the contained protein is equivalent to the protein output of 3600 ten thousand mu of soybean per year. On the whole, China is a country with food shortage, a large amount of foreign exchange imported food and feed has to be spent every year, and on the other hand, a large amount of food resources are wasted. Therefore, how to reasonably utilize the kitchen waste and change the kitchen waste into valuable has become one of the important topics of research in the field of household waste treatment at present.
At present, the kitchen waste disposal modes in China mainly include: farmers directly feed pigs, and a small part of the pigs are directly transported to a garbage disposal plant as household garbage for landfill. However, the above-described processing method has the following problems: the kitchen waste is rich in nutrition and easy to breed bacteria, and people and livestock can catch a disease together with virulent animal infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and bacterial diarrhea and the like and can be widely spread through the kitchen waste; in addition, the pig is directly fed with the feed in such a way that the probability of the pig suffering from infectious diseases is greatly increased, and harmful substances are transferred to people through pork, thereby causing serious threat to human health; after the kitchen waste is buried, underground water pollution can be caused, and processors of some illegal cooking oil can illegally collect the kitchen waste for processing and selling, so that the human health is directly threatened, and the above treatment mode can cause serious influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system and a treatment process, aiming at solving the problems that the existing kitchen waste is large in storage capacity and threatens human health.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the invention discloses an automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system, which comprises a transport vehicle;
the material collecting bin is used for uniformly conveying the collected kitchen waste;
the water filtering lifter receives the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the material collecting bin and performs water filtering treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and swill;
the large-piece sorting machine is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag;
the fine crushing separator is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and sorting out inorganic impurities;
the squeezing dehydrator is used for squeezing and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag to obtain kitchen waste slurry;
the oil-water separation device is used for mixing kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and liquid;
the secondary pendulum pulping machine is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration;
and the anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.
Further, the aggregate bin includes: the aggregate bin base, fix the aggregate bin support on the aggregate bin base, the collection storehouse of gathering materials on the aggregate bin support is fixed in the slope, fix the aggregate bin power unit of gathering materials the collection storehouse left end, shaftless helical blade front fixing piece that links to each other with the aggregate bin power unit, shaftless helical blade on the fixed piece is fixed to the left end, shaftless helical blade right-hand member is fixed on shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece, fix the collection storehouse end cover of gathering materials the collection storehouse right-hand member, shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece passes through the bearing and links to each other with the collection storehouse end cover that gathers materials, install the collection storehouse upper cover of gathering materials on the collection storehouse of gathering materials, install the feeding storehouse of gathering materials on the collection storehouse upper cover of gathering materials, install the flitch of putting on the collection storehouse end cover of gathering materials.
Further, the fine crushing classifier includes: the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises a fine crushing and sorting machine base, a first fine crushing and sorting machine support and a second fine crushing and sorting machine support which are fixed on the fine crushing and sorting machine base, a vibrating mechanism which is respectively fixed on the first fine crushing and sorting machine support and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support, a fine crushing and sorting machine shell which is connected with the vibrating mechanism, a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin which is fixed at the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell, a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin upper cover which is fixed at the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin, and a first vibrating screen and a second vibrating screen which are obliquely installed inside the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin, wherein the first vibrating screen is positioned at the upper end of the second vibrating screen and is.
Further, the fine crushing classifier further includes: the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises an air inlet machine, a fourth air inlet pipe, two second air inlet pipes, a third air inlet pipe and two first air inlet pipes, wherein the air inlet machine is fixed on the outer wall of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell;
the joint of the two second air inlet pipes and the third air inlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the shell of the fine crushing separator; the other ends of the two second air inlet pipes are communicated with the interior of the shell of the fine crushing separator;
the joint of the two first air inlet pipes and the third air inlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the shell of the fine crushing separator; the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes are communicated with the interior of the shell of the fine crushing separator;
the position of the second air inlet pipe communicated with the fine crushing and sorting machine shell is positioned between the first vibrating screen and the second vibrating screen;
the position where the first air inlet pipe is communicated with the fine crushing separator shell is above the first vibrating screen.
Further, the fine crushing classifier further includes: the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises a first end plate connected to the right lower end of a first vibrating screen through a shaft, a second end plate connected to the right lower end of a second vibrating screen through a shaft, and a third end plate connected to the right lower end of a fine crushing and sorting machine shell through a shaft.
Further, the vibration mechanism includes: the vibration device comprises a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, wherein the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism have the same structure size; the first vibration mechanism includes: the device comprises a vibrator fixed on a first fine crushing separator support, a first fixing flange fixed on the vibrator, a second fixing flange fixed on the outer wall of a fine crushing separator shell, and a first vibration spring and a second vibration spring fixed between the first fixing flange and the second fixing flange.
Further, the oil-water separator includes:
a base of the oil-water separation device, a sewage pump base arranged on the base of the oil-water separation device, a sewage pump arranged on the sewage pump base, a pipeline connected with the sewage pump, a first oil collecting chamber supporting seat arranged on the base of the oil-water separation device, a first oil collecting chamber fixed on the first oil collecting chamber supporting seat, a first oil outlet arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the first oil collecting chamber, a first drain outlet arranged on the side surface of the lower end of the first oil collecting chamber, a diffusion nozzle arranged on the side wall of the inner part of the first oil collecting chamber, a polymerization chamber base fixed on the base of the oil-water separation device, a polymerization chamber fixed on the base of the polymerization chamber, a fiber polymerizer arranged in the polymerization chamber, a third oil outlet arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the polymerization chamber, a fourth drain outlet arranged on the lower end of the polymerization chamber, a fine, The second oil collecting chamber is arranged on the fine filtering chamber, the fine filter is arranged in the fine filtering chamber, the second drain outlet is arranged on the second oil collecting chamber, the corrugated plate coalescer is arranged in the second oil collecting chamber, and the second oil outlet is arranged on the side face of the upper end of the corrugated plate coalescer.
The first drain outlet is positioned at the upper end inside the second oil collecting chamber;
the three sewage outlets are positioned at the upper end of the inner part of the polymerization chamber;
the second sewage draining exit is positioned at the upper end of the inner part of the fine filtering chamber.
Furthermore, electromagnetic valves are arranged at a first oil outlet of the first oil collecting chamber and a second oil outlet of the second oil collecting chamber, and grease can be automatically discharged through the electromagnetic valves; and a manual valve is arranged at the third oil outlet of the polymerization chamber, and grease can be removed through the manual valve.
The invention relates to a treatment method of an automatic kitchen waste sorting treatment system, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a transport vehicle reaches a designated collection point, kitchen waste in standard barrels of hotels, dining halls and restaurants is collected and loaded into a collection barrel, the kitchen waste is transported to a processing center for automatic metering, and after unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned and then collected and transported again;
step two, pouring the kitchen waste into a material collecting bin, and uniformly conveying the kitchen waste into a water filtering lifter through the material collecting bin;
step three, filtering water of the kitchen waste by a water filtering lifter to obtain kitchen waste slag materials and swill, and lifting the kitchen waste slag materials into a large sorting machine;
step four, carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag through a large-piece sorting machine, and sorting out large-piece foreign matters;
step five, the kitchen waste slag materials sorted by the large sorting machine enter a fine crushing sorting machine, and inorganic impurities are finely crushed and sorted by the fine crushing sorting machine;
step six, feeding the kitchen waste slag materials subjected to fine crushing and sorting by a fine crushing and sorting machine into an extrusion dehydrator, performing extrusion dehydration treatment by the extrusion dehydrator, and extruding slurry;
step seven, mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained in the step three and the slurry obtained in the step six, and then carrying out oil extraction and dehydration treatment through an oil-water separation device;
step eight, performing fine pulping on the kitchen waste residue subjected to oil extraction and dehydration through a secondary pendulum pulping machine again;
and step nine, conveying the liquid subjected to oil extraction and dehydration to an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the kitchen waste water collecting bin, the problem of uneven conveying after collection can be solved by adopting a specially manufactured collecting bin, the arranged shaftless spiral blade can uniformly stir kitchen waste, the shaftless spiral blade is obliquely arranged, the kitchen waste can be conveyed while being uniformly stirred, when the kitchen waste is conveyed to a discharge port of the collecting bin, the discharging plate is opened to discharge the kitchen waste, the discharging plate can prevent a large amount of swill from impacting a water filtering lifter, and after the discharging plate is slowly opened, the kitchen waste is uniformly conveyed to the water filtering lifter.
According to the invention, the kitchen waste is subjected to water filtering treatment by the water filtering lifter, so that kitchen waste slag and swill can be obtained.
According to the invention, the kitchen waste slag is lifted to the large-piece sorting machine, and the large-piece sorting machine is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag to obtain large-piece foreign matters.
In the invention, the finely crushing and sorting machine is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and sorting out inorganic impurities. Wherein, can be with the inorganic impurity who influences the fermentation like plastic bag, rope, ossicle, stainless steel ladle, steel wire ball etc. and select out through the combined action of first shale shaker and second shale shaker, can also select out inorganic matters such as tiny shell, eggshell and partial fibre, this meticulous broken sorter's selection, crushing effect are higher than the product on the market far away, select separately thoroughly, organic matter yield is high, overall design is ingenious, the plastic bag, the rope can not twine, can not the card material.
In the invention, the sorted kitchen waste is in a slurry state containing organic particles, the slurry in the kitchen waste still contains oil, the kitchen waste is extruded and dehydrated, and the slurry is completely extruded out through the extrusion dehydrator to obtain the kitchen waste slurry.
According to the invention, the kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration are mixed by the oil-water separation device, and then oil extraction dehydration treatment is carried out, so that the kitchen waste slag and liquid are obtained. The oil extraction and dehydration treatment is carried out on the liquid through the first oil collection chamber, the second oil collection chamber (corrugated plate coalescer), the fine filter chamber (fine filter) and the polymerization chamber (fiber polymerizer), the oil extraction rate can be improved through layer-by-layer extraction, the oil extraction is thorough, the production of byproducts is improved, and the treatment capacity and the treatment effect are improved.
In the invention, the secondary pendulum pulping machine is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste slag after oil extraction and dehydration.
In the invention, the anaerobic fermentation tank carries out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.
The invention adopts the latest automatic sorting treatment means of the kitchen waste, ensures environmental protection and harmlessness, can use the grease generated after treatment as the raw material of the biodiesel, and can use the obtained residue as an organic fertilizer to feed the yellow mealworms, thereby realizing the cyclic utilization of resources, saving energy, protecting environment and having no pollution, and being beneficial to the social development and the sustainable utilization of resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the automatic kitchen waste sorting and pretreatment process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the aggregate bin.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the fine crushing classifier.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the vibration mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the oil-water separator.
In the figure:
1. a transport vehicle;
2. the device comprises a collecting bin, 201, a collecting bin base, 202, a collecting bin support, 203, a collecting bin, 204, a collecting bin power mechanism, 205, a shaftless helical blade front fixing piece, 206, a collecting feeding bin, 207, a collecting bin upper cover, 208, a shaftless helical blade, 209, a shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece, 210, a collecting bin end cover, 211, a discharging plate, 212 and a material guide plate;
3. a water filtration hoister;
4. a large piece sorter;
5. a fine crushing classifier 501, a fine crushing classifier base 502, a first fine crushing classifier support 503, a vibrator 504, a first fixing flange 505, a first vibration spring 506, a second vibration spring 507, a second fixing flange 508, a fine crushing classifier housing 509, a fine crushing classifier feed bin upper cover 510, a fine crushing classifier feed bin 511, a first vibrating screen 512, a first air inlet pipe 513, a second air inlet pipe 514, a third air inlet pipe 515, a first end plate 516, a second end plate 517, a second vibrating screen 518, a fourth air inlet pipe 519, a third end plate 520, an air inlet machine 521, and a second fine crushing classifier support;
6. extruding and dewatering machine;
7. an oil-water separation device 701, an oil-water separation device base 702, a sewage pump base 703, a sewage pump 704, a first oil collection chamber support base 705, a pipeline 706, a diffusion nozzle 707, a first oil collection chamber 708, a first oil outlet 709, a first drain outlet 710, a corrugated plate coalescer 711, a second oil collection chamber 712, a second oil outlet 713, a second drain outlet 714, a fine filtering chamber 715, a fine filter 716, a third drain outlet 717, a third oil outlet 718, a fiber polymerizer 719, a polymerization chamber 720, a fourth drain outlet 721 and a polymerization chamber base;
8. a secondary pendulum bob pulping machine;
9. anaerobic fermentation tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention makes reasonable, simple, scientific and advanced treatment process and treatment system according to the principle of combining advancement and applicability, the production characteristics and the high efficiency as the design principle and the advanced, reliable and applicable process conditions, and can ensure the safe, reliable, high efficiency and better treatment effect of the kitchen waste treatment.
The invention discloses an automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system which comprises a transport vehicle 1, a material collecting bin 2, a water filtering lifter 3, a large piece sorting machine 4, a fine crushing sorting machine 5, an extrusion dewatering machine 6, an oil-water separating device 7, a secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 and an anaerobic fermentation tank 9.
The collecting bin 2 is mainly used for uniformly conveying the collected kitchen waste to the water filtering lifter 3; the water filtering lifter 3 is used for receiving the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the collecting bin 2 to perform water filtering treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag materials and swill; the large-piece sorting machine 4 is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag; the fine crushing separator 5 is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and separating inorganic impurities; the extruding and dehydrating machine 6 is used for extruding and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag to obtain kitchen waste slurry; the oil-water separation device 7 is used for mixing kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration, and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and liquid; the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste slag after oil extraction and dehydration; the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.
The aggregate bin 2 mainly includes: the device comprises a collecting bin base 201, a collecting bin support 202, a collecting bin 203, a collecting bin power mechanism 204, a shaftless helical blade front fixing piece 205, a collecting feeding bin 206, a collecting bin upper cover 207, a shaftless helical blade 208, a shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece 209, a collecting bin end cover 210, a discharging plate 211 and a material guide plate 212.
The collecting bin support 202 is fixed on the collecting bin base 201, the collecting bin 203 is obliquely fixed on the collecting bin support 202, the collecting bin power mechanism 204 is fixed at the left end of the collecting bin 203, the shaftless helical blade front fixing piece 205 is connected with the collecting bin power mechanism 204, the outer ring of the shaftless helical blade front fixing piece 205 is connected with the collecting bin 203 through a bearing, the left end of the shaftless helical blade 208 is fixed on the shaftless helical blade front fixing piece 205, the right end of the shaftless helical blade 208 is fixed on the shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece 209, the collecting bin end cover 210 is fixed at the right end of the collecting bin 203, the shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece 209 is connected with the collecting bin end cover 210 through a bearing, the collecting bin upper cover 207 is installed on the collecting bin 203, the collecting bin feeding bin 206 is installed on the collecting bin upper cover 207, the discharging plate 211 is installed on the collecting bin end, the guide plate 212 is fixed below the right end of the collecting bin 203. The aggregate bin power mechanism 204 may be any one of those known in the art as long as it can drive the shaftless helical blade 208 to rotate.
The feed bin power unit 204 is started after the ecological kitchen waste is put into through the aggregate feed bin 206, the shaftless helical blade 208 rotates, the kitchen waste is stirred to the right-hand member operation, the even transportation of the kitchen waste is realized through the shaftless helical blade 208, the kitchen waste reaches the rightmost end of the aggregate collection bin 203, the discharge plate 211 is opened, the discharge is started, and the kitchen waste enters the water filtration hoister 3 through the guide plate 212.
The kitchen waste is filtered by the water filtering lifter 3, so that kitchen waste slag and swill can be obtained. The kitchen waste slag materials are lifted to a large sorting machine 4, the large sorting machine 4 is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag materials to obtain large foreign matters, and then the fine crushing sorting machine 5 is used for carrying out fine crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag materials subjected to large sorting to obtain inorganic impurities.
The fine crushing classifier 5 mainly includes: a fine crushing classifier base 501, a first fine crushing classifier base 502, a vibrating mechanism (a vibrator 503, a first fixing flange 504, a first vibrating spring 505, a second vibrating spring 506, a second fixing flange 507), a fine crushing classifier housing 508, a fine crushing classifier feed bin upper cover 509, a fine crushing classifier feed bin 510, a first vibrating screen 511, a first air inlet pipe 512, a second air inlet pipe 513, a third air inlet pipe 514, a first end plate 515, a second end plate 516, a second vibrating screen 517, a fourth air inlet pipe 518, a third end plate 519, an air inlet machine 520, and a second fine crushing classifier base 521.
First fine crushing sorter support 502 and second fine crushing sorter support 521 are all fixed on fine crushing sorter base 501, two vibrating mechanisms, a vibrating mechanism is respectively fixed on first fine crushing sorter support 502 and second fine crushing sorter support 521, fine crushing sorter housing 508 is connected with the vibrating mechanism, fine crushing sorter feed bin 510 is fixed on fine crushing sorter housing 508, fine crushing sorter feed bin upper cover 509 is fixed on fine crushing sorter feed bin 510, first shale shaker 511 and second shale shaker 517 are installed inside fine crushing sorter feed bin 510 in an inclined manner, wherein first shale shaker 511 is located on second shale shaker 517 and both are arranged in parallel.
An air inlet machine 520 is fixed on the outer wall of the fine crushing separator shell 508, a fourth air inlet pipe 518 is connected with an air outlet of the air inlet machine 520, two second air inlet pipes 513 are connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe 518, a third air inlet pipe 514 is connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe 518, and two first air inlet pipes 512 are connected with a third air inlet pipe 514. A first end plate 515 is coupled to a right lower end of the first vibratory screen 511 by a shaft, a second end plate 516 is coupled to a right lower end of the second vibratory screen 517 by a shaft, and a third end plate 519 is coupled to a right lower end of the fine crushing classifier housing 508 by a shaft.
Wherein, the joint of the two second air inlet pipes 513 and the third air inlet pipe 514 is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing separator shell 508; the other ends of the two second air inlet pipes 513 are communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508; the joint of the two first air inlet pipes 512 and the third air inlet pipe 514 is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing separator shell 508; the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes 512 are communicated with the interior of the fine crushing separator shell 508; the second air inlet duct 513 is in communication with the fine crushing classifier housing 508 at a position between the first vibrating screen 511 and the second vibrating screen 517; the location where the first air inlet duct 512 communicates with the fine crusher classifier housing 508 is above the first vibrating screen 511.
The vibration mechanism includes: the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism are the same in structural size.
The specific structural composition of one of the vibration mechanisms is taken as an example. The first vibration mechanism includes: a vibrator 503, a first fixing flange 504, a first vibration spring 505, a second vibration spring 506, and a second fixing flange 507. The vibrator 503 of the first vibrating mechanism is fixed to the first fine crushing classifier mount 502 (the vibrator 503 of the second vibrating mechanism is fixed to the second fine crushing classifier mount 521), the first fixing flange 504 is fixed to the vibrator 503, the second fixing flange 507 is fixed to the outer wall of the fine crushing classifier casing 508, and the first vibrating spring 505 and the second vibrating spring 506 are fixed between the first fixing flange 504 and the second fixing flange 507.
The working principle of the fine crushing and sorting machine 5 is as follows: opening an upper cover 509 of a feeding bin of the fine crushing separator, feeding the large sorted kitchen waste slag through a feeding bin 510 of the fine crushing separator, starting vibrators 503 in two vibrating mechanisms, wherein the vibrators 503 drive a shell 508 of the fine crushing separator to vibrate at a certain frequency through a second fixing flange 507 and the transmission action of force, firstly screening inorganic impurities such as plastic bags, ropes, small bones, stainless steel spoons, steel wire balls and the like through a first vibrating screen 511, moving the inorganic impurities such as the plastic bags, the ropes, the small bones, the stainless steel spoons, the steel wire balls and the like to the right end of the shell 508 of the fine crushing separator through the vibrating action due to the inclined arrangement of the first vibrating screen 511, and finally opening a first end plate 515 to discharge; meanwhile, other fine impurities such as shells, eggshells, fibers and the like fall onto the second vibrating screen 517, the shells, the eggshells, the fibers and the like are screened out through the second vibrating screen 517, and finally the second end plate 516 can be opened for discharging; finally, the finely screened kitchen waste falls into the lower end space of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell 508 and is collected by opening the third end plate 519. In addition, if the kitchen waste is frozen and needs to be heated, the air inlet machine 520 can be started to blow air into the fine crushing separator housing 508 through the first air inlet pipe 512, the second air inlet pipe 513, the third air inlet pipe 514 and the fourth air inlet pipe 518 to thaw, so as to assist the fine crushing. The inorganic impurities are finely crushed and sorted by a fine crushing and sorting machine 5.
And (3) carrying out extrusion dehydration treatment on the finely sorted kitchen waste slag through an extrusion dehydrator 6 to obtain kitchen waste slurry.
And mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration and the kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion and dehydration through an oil-water separation device 7, and then carrying out heating treatment, oil extraction and dehydration to obtain the kitchen waste slag and liquid.
The oil-water separation device 7 mainly includes: the sewage treatment device comprises an oil-water separation device base 701, a sewage pump base 702, a sewage pump 703, a first oil collecting chamber supporting base 704, a pipeline 705, a diffusion nozzle 706, a first oil collecting chamber 707, a first oil outlet 708, a first sewage discharge port 709, a corrugated plate coalescer 710, a second oil collecting chamber 711, a second oil outlet 712, a second sewage discharge port 713, a fine filtering chamber 714, a fine filter 715, a third sewage discharge port 716, a third oil outlet 717, a fiber polymerizer 718, a polymerizing chamber 719, a fourth sewage discharge port 720 and a polymerizing chamber base 721.
The sewage pump base 702 is arranged on the oil-water separation device base 701, the sewage pump 703 is arranged on the sewage pump base 702, the pipeline 705 is connected with the sewage pump 703, the first oil collection chamber supporting base 704 is arranged on the oil-water separation device base 701, the first oil collection chamber 707 is fixed on the first oil collection chamber supporting base 704, the first oil outlet 708 is arranged on the upper end side of the first oil collection chamber 707, the first drain 709 is arranged on the lower end side of the first oil collection chamber 707, the diffusion nozzle 706 is arranged on the inner side wall of the first oil collection chamber 707, the polymerization chamber base 721 is fixed on the oil-water separation device base 701, the polymerization chamber 719 is fixed on the polymerization chamber base 721, the fiber polymerizer 718 is arranged inside the polymerization chamber 719, the third oil outlet 717 is arranged on the upper end side of the polymerization chamber 719, the fourth drain 720 is arranged at the lower end of the polymerization chamber 719, the fine filtration chamber 714 is arranged on the polymerization chamber 719, the third, the second oil collecting chamber 711 is installed on the fine filtering chamber 714, the fine filter 715 is disposed inside the fine filtering chamber 714, the second drain 713 is disposed on the second oil collecting chamber 711, the corrugated plate coalescer 710 is installed inside the second oil collecting chamber 711, and the second oil outlet 712 is disposed on the upper end side of the corrugated plate coalescer 710. The first drain port 709 is positioned at the upper end inside the second oil collecting chamber 711; the three sewage discharge ports 716 are positioned at the upper end inside the polymerization chamber 719; the second drain 713 is located at an inner upper end of the fine filtering chamber 714.
The working principle of the oil-water separation device 7 is as follows: the sewage pump 703 is started, the oily sewage enters the first oil collecting chamber 707 through the pipeline 705, after the action of the diffusion nozzle 706, the large-particle oil drops float up to the top end of the first oil collecting chamber 707, and the grease can be discharged through the first oil outlet 708; sewage containing small oil drops enters the second oil collecting chamber 711 through the first sewage discharge port 709 and passes through the corrugated plate coalescer 710, part of the oil drops are polymerized by the corrugated plate coalescer 710 to form larger oil drops which float up to the top end of the second oil collecting chamber 711, and the oil can be discharged through the second oil outlet 712; sewage containing smaller particle oil drops enters the fine filtering chamber 714 through the second sewage discharge port 713, impurities in the sewage are removed through the fine filter 715, then the sewage enters the polymerization chamber 719 through the third sewage discharge port 716, fine oil drops are polymerized into larger oil drops through the fiber polymerizer 718, the larger oil drops are separated from water, the oil can be discharged through the third oil outlet 717, and after the oil and the water are separated, clean water can be discharged through the fourth sewage discharge port 720.
Wherein solenoid valves may be installed at the first oil outlet 708 of the first oil collecting chamber 707 and the second oil outlet 712 of the second oil collecting chamber 711, and grease therein may be automatically discharged through the solenoid valves, and a manual valve may be installed at the third oil outlet 717 of the converging chamber 719, and grease therein may be discharged through the manual valve.
The oil-water separation device 7 is used for mixing kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration, and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and liquid; the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 is used for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration; the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 carries out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.
The invention relates to an automatic sorting pretreatment method for kitchen waste, which mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, a transport vehicle reaches a designated collection point, kitchen waste in standard barrels of hotels, dining halls and restaurants is collected and loaded into a collection barrel, the kitchen waste is transported to a processing center for automatic metering, and after unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned and then collected and transported again;
step two, pouring the kitchen waste into a material collecting bin 2, and uniformly conveying the kitchen waste into a water filtering lifter 3 through the material collecting bin 2;
step three, filtering water of the kitchen waste by a water filtering lifter 3 to obtain kitchen waste slag materials and swill, and lifting the kitchen waste slag materials into a large sorting machine 4;
and step four, carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag through a large sorting machine 4, sorting out large foreign matters, wherein the sorted out large foreign matters are mostly inorganic wastes, such as metals, glass, large bones, plates, wood and the like, and can be sent to a garbage power plant for secondary utilization, so that the recycling of resources is realized.
And step five, enabling the kitchen waste slag materials separated by the large separator 4 to enter a fine crushing separator 5, and finely crushing and separating inorganic impurities by the fine crushing separator.
Step six, feeding the kitchen waste slag subjected to fine crushing and sorting by the fine crushing and sorting machine 5 into an extruding and dehydrating machine 6, and extruding and dehydrating by the extruding and dehydrating machine 6 to extrude slurry; the obtained kitchen waste slag can be directly used as an organic fertilizer to feed the yellow mealworms, so that the resource recycling is realized.
Seventhly, mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained in the step three with the slurry obtained in the step six, and then extracting oil and dehydrating through an oil-water separation device 7; the produced grease can be used as a raw material of biodiesel, and the cyclic utilization of resources is realized.
Step eight, the kitchen waste slag after oil extraction and dehydration is finely pulped again through a secondary pendulum pulping machine 8,
and step nine, conveying the liquid subjected to oil extraction and dehydration to an anaerobic fermentation tank 9 for anaerobic fermentation. The kitchen waste after anaerobic fermentation can be used as a raw material to produce organic fertilizer for feeding livestock, poultry and the like.
In the invention, the water filtering hoister 3 adopts a screw conveyer produced by Zhongtian star fire machinery Limited company in New county, and the model is ZTGT-600.
In the invention, the large piece sorting machine 4 adopts a large piece sorting machine produced by Zhongtian Star fire machinery Co., Ltd. in Xinxiang city, and the model is ZTFD-800.
In the invention, the extrusion dehydrator 6 adopts a ZTZY type spiral juicing dehydrator produced by Zhongtian star fire machinery limited company in New county, and the specific parameters are as follows:
model number ZTZY 315;
throughput (t/h): the feeding amount/slag discharging amount is 2-5/1.6;
the diameter of the helix is 315 mm;
the rotating speed is 16 r/min;
the power is 11 kw;
the external dimension is 4100mm x 790mm x 1320 mm;
the weight was 2 t.
In the invention, the secondary pendulum pulping machine 8 specifically adopts a ZTCC type pendulum crusher produced by Zhongtian starfire machinery Co., Ltd in Xinxiang city, and the specific parameters are as follows:
type ZTBC 300;
the maximum treatment capacity is 2 t/h;
the power is 7.5-15 kw;
the rotating speed is 1480 r/min;
the external dimension is 1200mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 500 mm;
the weight was 0.8 t.
In the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation tank 9 is an anaerobic fermentation tank produced by mechanical equipment limited of spring Yang Huitongda, and the specific parameters are as follows:
the model is FJG-10;
the heating power is 4 multiplied by 6 kw;
the stirring power is 11 kw;
the model of the speed reducer is BLED 85-493-11;
the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
the external dimensions are 2400mm multiplied by 6900mm multiplied by the width multiplied by the height.
According to the automatic sorting and treating system for the kitchen waste, the annual treating capacity is shown in table 1, and the kitchen waste byproduct is shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
| Serial number | Product name | Unit of | Number of |
| 1 | Kitchen waste | Ton of | 11000 |
TABLE 2
| Serial number | Product name | Unit of | Number of |
| 1 | Oil and fat | Ton of | 550 |
| 2 | Organic fertilizer (residue) | Ton of | 2200 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage automatic separation processing system, includes transport vechicle (1), its characterized in that still includes:
the material collecting bin (2) is used for uniformly conveying the collected kitchen waste;
the water filtering lifter (3) receives the kitchen waste uniformly conveyed by the material collecting bin (2) and performs water filtering treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag materials and swill;
the large-piece sorting machine (4) is used for carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag;
the fine crushing separator (5) is used for finely crushing the large sorted kitchen waste slag and separating inorganic impurities;
the squeezing dehydrator (6) is used for squeezing and dehydrating the finely sorted kitchen waste slag to obtain kitchen waste slurry;
the oil-water separation device (7) is used for mixing kitchen waste swill obtained after water filtration with kitchen waste slurry obtained after extrusion dehydration and then carrying out oil extraction dehydration treatment to obtain kitchen waste slag and liquid;
a secondary pendulum pulping machine (8) for finely pulping the kitchen waste residue after oil extraction and dehydration;
and the anaerobic fermentation tank (9) is used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste liquid after oil extraction and dehydration.
2. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that said collection bin (2) comprises: a collecting bin base (201), a collecting bin support (202) fixed on the collecting bin base (201), a collecting bin (203) obliquely fixed on the collecting bin support (202), a collecting bin power mechanism (204) fixed at the left end of the collecting bin (203), a shaftless helical blade front fixing piece (205) connected with the collecting bin power mechanism (204), a shaftless helical blade (208) with the left end fixed on the shaftless helical blade front fixing piece (205), a shaftless helical blade (208) with the right end fixed on a shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece (209), a collecting bin end cover (210) fixed at the right end of the collecting bin (203), a collecting bin end cover (210) connected with the shaftless helical blade rear fixing piece (209) through a bearing, a collecting bin upper cover (207) installed on the collecting bin (203), a feeding bin (206) installed on the collecting bin upper cover (207), and a collecting bin, A material discharging plate (211) arranged on the end cover (210) of the aggregate collection bin and a material guide plate (212) fixed below the right end of the aggregate collection bin (203).
3. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) comprises: a fine crushing and sorting machine base (501), a first fine crushing and sorting machine support (502) and a second fine crushing and sorting machine support (521) which are fixed on the fine crushing and sorting machine base (501), a vibrating mechanism which is respectively fixed on the first fine crushing and sorting machine support (502) and the second fine crushing and sorting machine support (521), and a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508) which is connected with the vibrating mechanism, the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510) fixed at the upper end of a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508), a fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin upper cover (509) fixed at the upper end of the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510), a first vibrating screen (511) and a second vibrating screen (517) which are obliquely installed inside the fine crushing and sorting machine feeding bin (510), wherein the first vibrating screen (511) is located at the upper end of the second vibrating screen (517) and is arranged in parallel.
4. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) further comprises: the fine crushing and sorting machine comprises an air inlet machine (520) fixed on the outer wall of a fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508), a fourth air inlet pipe (518) connected with an air outlet of the air inlet machine (520), two second air inlet pipes (513) connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe (518), a third air inlet pipe (514) connected with an air outlet end of the fourth air inlet pipe (518), and two first air inlet pipes (512) connected with the third air inlet pipe (514);
the joint of the two second air inlet pipes (513) and the third air inlet pipe (514) is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508); the other ends of the two second air inlet pipes (513) are communicated with the inside of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508);
the joint of the two first air inlet pipes (512) and the third air inlet pipe (514) is communicated with the interior of the fine crushing separator shell (508); the other ends of the two first air inlet pipes (512) are communicated with the interior of the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508);
the second air inlet pipe (513) is communicated with the fine crushing and sorting machine shell (508) and is positioned between the first vibrating screen (511) and the second vibrating screen (517);
the first air inlet duct (512) communicates with the fine crusher classifier housing (508) at a position above the first vibrating screen (511).
5. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said fine crushing and sorting machine (5) further comprises: a first end plate (515) connected to the right lower end of the first vibrating screen (511) by a shaft, a second end plate (516) connected to the right lower end of the second vibrating screen (517) by a shaft, and a third end plate (519) connected to the right lower end of the fine crushing classifier housing (508) by a shaft.
6. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 3, wherein said vibrating mechanism comprises: the vibration device comprises a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, wherein the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism have the same structure size; the first vibration mechanism includes: a vibrator (503) fixed on a first fine crushing classifier support (502), a first fixing flange (504) fixed on the vibrator (503), a second fixing flange (507) fixed on the outer wall of a fine crushing classifier shell (508), and a first vibration spring (505) and a second vibration spring (506) fixed between the first fixing flange (504) and the second fixing flange (507).
7. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and processing system according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separation device (7) comprises:
the device comprises an oil-water separation device base (701), a sewage pump base (702) arranged on the oil-water separation device base (701), a sewage pump (703) arranged on the sewage pump base (702), a pipeline (705) connected with the sewage pump (703), a first oil collection chamber supporting base (704) arranged on the oil-water separation device base (701), a first oil collection chamber (707) fixed on the first oil collection chamber supporting base (704), a first oil outlet (708) arranged on the side surface of the upper end of the first oil collection chamber (707), a first drain outlet (709) arranged on the side surface of the lower end of the first oil collection chamber (707), a diffusion nozzle (706) arranged on the inner side wall of the first oil collection chamber (707), a polymerization chamber base (721) fixed on the oil-water separation device base (701), a polymerization chamber (719) fixed on the polymerization chamber base (721), and a fiber polymerizer (718) arranged inside the polymerization chamber (719), The device comprises a third oil outlet (717) arranged on the side face of the upper end of a polymerization chamber (719), a fourth drain (720) arranged on the lower end of the polymerization chamber (719), a fine filtering chamber (714) arranged on the polymerization chamber (719), a third drain (716) arranged on the lower end of the fine filtering chamber (714), a second oil collecting chamber (711) arranged on the fine filtering chamber (714), a fine filter (715) arranged inside the fine filtering chamber (714), a second drain (713) arranged on the second oil collecting chamber (711), a corrugated plate coalescer (710) arranged inside the second oil collecting chamber (711), and a second oil outlet (712) arranged on the side face of the upper end of the corrugated plate coalescer (710).
The first drain port (709) is positioned at the upper end in the second oil collecting chamber (711);
the three sewage outlets (716) are positioned at the upper end of the inside of the polymerization chamber (719);
the second sewage draining outlet (713) is positioned at the upper end of the inner part of the fine filtering chamber (714).
8. The automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system according to claim 7, characterized in that solenoid valves are installed at the first oil outlet (708) of the first oil collecting chamber (707) and the second oil outlet (712) of the second oil collecting chamber (711), and grease can be automatically removed through the solenoid valves; a manual valve is arranged at a third oil outlet (717) of the polymerization chamber (719), and grease can be removed through the manual valve.
9. The treatment method of the automatic kitchen waste sorting and treating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, a transport vehicle reaches a designated collection point, kitchen waste in standard barrels of hotels, dining halls and restaurants is collected and loaded into a collection barrel, the kitchen waste is transported to a processing center for automatic metering, and after unloading, the transport vehicle can be cleaned and then collected and transported again;
pouring the kitchen waste into a material collecting bin (2), and uniformly conveying the kitchen waste into a water filtering lifter (3) through the material collecting bin (2);
step three, filtering water of the kitchen waste by a water filtering lifter (3) to obtain kitchen waste slag and swill, and lifting the kitchen waste slag into a large sorting machine (4);
fourthly, carrying out magnetic separation, bag breaking, crushing and sorting on the kitchen waste slag through a large-piece sorting machine (4), and sorting out large-piece foreign matters;
step five, the kitchen waste slag materials sorted by the large sorting machine (4) enter a fine crushing sorting machine (5), and are subjected to fine crushing and sorting to obtain inorganic impurities;
step six, feeding the kitchen waste slag materials subjected to fine crushing and sorting by the fine crushing and sorting machine (5) into an extruding and dewatering machine (6), and extruding and dewatering by the extruding and dewatering machine (6) to extrude slurry;
seventhly, mixing the kitchen waste swill obtained in the step three with the slurry obtained in the step six, and then carrying out oil extraction and dehydration treatment through an oil-water separation device (7);
step eight, performing fine pulping on the kitchen waste residue subjected to oil extraction and dehydration through a secondary pendulum pulping machine (8);
and step nine, conveying the liquid subjected to oil extraction and dehydration to an anaerobic fermentation tank (9) for anaerobic fermentation.
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