CN112088761A - Industrial hemp propagation method suitable for artificial climate chamber - Google Patents
Industrial hemp propagation method suitable for artificial climate chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN112088761A CN112088761A CN202010953591.XA CN202010953591A CN112088761A CN 112088761 A CN112088761 A CN 112088761A CN 202010953591 A CN202010953591 A CN 202010953591A CN 112088761 A CN112088761 A CN 112088761A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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Abstract
A method for breeding industrial hemp suitable for a phytotron belongs to the technical field of research on breeding of industrial hemp. The invention aims to perform high-quality regeneration and propagation on industrial hemp, soaking seeds in purified water, spraying hydrogen peroxide, and placing the seeds in a dark place; after germination, putting seeds into seedling blocks or seedling plates soaked by purified water; mixing turfy soil and perlite to prepare soil, and adjusting the pH value of the soil; transplanting three pairs of true leaf stage seedlings into a container filled with prepared soil; applying fertilizer to the soil, and pouring the fertilizer into the soil; after the plants enter the flowering period, applying fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer in soil to be thoroughly watered; and in the later stage of seed maturation, reducing the environmental humidity, and harvesting after the seeds are completely matured. The industrial hemp planted by the invention has good growth vigor and high maturing rate, is planted in the artificial climate room, is not limited by seasons and climate environmental conditions, and can simultaneously breed a plurality of variety resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial hemp propagation research, and particularly relates to a method for propagating industrial hemp suitable for a phytotron.
Background
The industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa.L) refers to a hemp variety with the content of tetrahydrocannabinol lower than 0.3 percent, belongs to Cannabis (Cannabis) annual herbaceous plants in Cannabis of Cannabaceae, has higher economic value, has good application prospect in the industries of food, textile, building, medicine and the like, and the collection, storage and utilization of germplasm resources are basic guarantee for breeding and production of the industrial hemp, but the industrial hemp seeds are difficult to store, the seeds lose activity under natural environmental conditions, the germination rate of the seeds stored for one and a half years is 70-80 percent under the general northern conditions, the germination rate of the seeds is only 30-50 percent after being stored for one year under the conditions, the seed vitality can be correspondingly prolonged under low temperature and suitable humidity, when the water content of the seeds is 5.7-8.3 percent, the germplasm storage can be prolonged to 15 years under the environmental conditions with the suitable humidity of minus 10 ℃ in a sealer, the vigor characteristics of seeds of different varieties are different, some varieties cannot achieve the long storage life even under the condition of proper temperature and humidity, about 90 percent of collected plant germplasm resources in the world are stored in a low-temperature germplasm bank in the form of seeds, but the seeds stored in the low-temperature germplasm bank also have the problem of seed aging which causes the reduction of the germination rate, and when the germination rate is reduced to a certain degree, the regeneration and the propagation are needed. Therefore, in any preservation mode, the original resource materials need to be propagated regularly, the outdoor propagation of industrial hemp variety resources needs to be isolated at least for 3 kilometers to prevent resource mixing, but for rare resources, the loss of materials is very easy to cause due to the uncontrollable nature of the natural environment, and the propagation of seed sources is also influenced by the characteristics of the industrial hemp, such as photoperiod and environmental sensitivity, and in order to eliminate the influences, the germplasm resource propagation in an environment-controllable artificial climate chamber is a good choice, but the resource propagation method of the industrial hemp artificial climate chamber is not researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding industrial hemp in a climatic chamber, which aims to perform high-quality regeneration and breeding on the industrial hemp.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for breeding industrial hemp suitable for a phytotron comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment: soaking the seeds in purified water, spraying hydrogen peroxide, and standing in the dark to make the seeds germinate;
(2) seed emergence: after germination, putting seeds into seedling blocks or seedling trays soaked by purified water, and setting the illumination intensity to be 3400lux and the illumination time to be 24 h;
(3) soil preparation: mixing turfy soil and perlite to prepare soil, and adjusting the pH value of the soil to 6-6.5;
(4) transplanting seedlings: transplanting three pairs of true leaf stage seedlings into a container filled with prepared soil, adjusting illumination time to 18h, illumination intensity to 4400lux, controlling environment humidity to be 60-70%, and controlling temperature to be 20-25 ℃;
(5) seedling stage management: applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer to the soil at intervals of 7-10 days, diluting by 5 times based on the fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer into the soil to be thoroughly poured;
(6) and (3) flowering management: after the plants enter the flowering period, adjusting the environmental humidity to be 50-60%, the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, supplementing carbon dioxide, ensuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the air to be between 900 and 1000ppm, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 5400lux, adjusting the illumination time to be 12h, applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer to the soil at intervals of 7-10d, diluting 5 times on the basis of the fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer in the soil completely;
(7) and (3) seed setting period management: in the later stage of seed maturation, the environmental humidity is reduced to 40-50%, and the seeds are harvested after they are completely mature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the industrial hemp planted by the method has good growth vigor and high maturing rate, and can provide technical support for the propagation of industrial hemp resources. The industrial hemp is planted in the artificial climate indoor, is not limited by seasons and climatic environment conditions, can be simultaneously propagated by a plurality of variety resources, can be propagated at any time, saves unnecessary manpower and material resources, saves planting cost and saves the trouble of searching resource propagation places compared with outdoor propagation, simultaneously, the purity of seed sources is ensured to the utmost extent, the planting environment can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different varieties, the normal growth and propagation of industrial hemp can be ensured, the planting method is simple and easy to operate, the rate of emergence of seeds can reach 100%, the growth period of plants is 70-110d, the growth vigor is good, taking golden knife-15 as an example, the time from emergence of seedlings to seed maturation is about 120 days for outdoor planting, the time is only about 100 days under the condition of artificial climate chamber, and compared with the outdoor planted plant, the seed maturity is better, and the method provides technical guarantee for the propagation of germplasm resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture of industrial hemp seedlings in a nursery tray;
FIG. 2 is a picture of a transplanted industrial hemp seedling;
FIG. 3 is a picture of industrial hemp in a rapid growth phase;
FIG. 4 is a picture of a plant of industrial hemp that enters the flowering phase;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a cut of the bottom leaves of a plant of industrial hemp at flowering stage;
FIG. 6 is a picture of the mature period of industrial hemp seeds.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment describes an industrial hemp propagation method suitable for a phytotron, wherein the phytotron comprises a central air-conditioning system, a humidifying system, an illumination system, a fresh air system, carbon dioxide concentration and remote monitoring management; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment: soaking the seeds in purified water, spraying hydrogen peroxide, and standing in the dark to make the seeds germinate; the seeds after pretreatment can germinate after 36 hours, and the seeds without pretreatment can germinate after 3-5 days;
(2) seed emergence: after germination, putting seeds into seedling blocks or seedling trays soaked by purified water, and setting the illumination intensity to be 3400lux and the illumination time to be 24 h;
(3) soil preparation: mixing turfy soil and perlite to prepare soil, and adjusting the pH value of the soil to 6-6.5;
(4) transplanting seedlings: transplanting three pairs of true leaf stage seedlings into a container filled with prepared soil, adjusting illumination time to 18h, illumination intensity to 4400lux, controlling environment humidity to be 60-70%, and controlling temperature to be 20-25 ℃;
(5) seedling stage management: applying a plant general macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (20-20-20 + TE, 20% of total nitrogen, 20% of phosphorus pentoxide and 20% of potassium oxide) to the soil at intervals of 7-10d, diluting by 5 times on the basis of a fertilizer specification to prepare a fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer into the soil to be thoroughly poured;
(6) and (3) flowering management: after the plants enter the flowering period, adjusting the environmental humidity to be 50-60%, the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, supplementing carbon dioxide, ensuring that the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the air is between 900 and 1000ppm, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 5400lux, adjusting the illumination time to be 12h, enabling the plants to normally flower in the illumination period, applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer to the soil at intervals of 7-10d, diluting 5 times of the fertilizer on the basis of a fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, pouring the fertilizer into the soil completely, regularly trimming the bottom leaves of the plants and pinching off when the growing point at the top of the female plant is found, ensuring the nutrition supply at the top of the plants, increasing the branch number and improving the seed yield;
(7) and (3) seed setting period management: in the later stage of seed maturation, the environmental humidity is reduced to 40-50%, and the seeds are harvested after they are completely mature.
The second embodiment is as follows: in the method for propagating industrial hemp resources in a climatic chamber, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 0.3 vol.%, and the hydrogen peroxide is sprayed twice.
The third concrete implementation mode: in the method for propagating industrial hemp resources in a climatic chamber, according to the specific embodiment, in the step (3), the ratio of the peatmoss to the perlite is 7: 3.
the fourth concrete implementation mode: in the method for propagating industrial hemp resources in a suitable phytotron, (4), the container is a beauty planting bag or a plastic basin, the beauty planting bag has better air permeability than the plastic basin, is more beneficial to the growth of industrial hemp roots, has stronger nutrient absorption capacity, fully ensures the nutrient supply of plants, but has poor water retention.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in the industrial hemp resource propagation method suitable for the phytotron, when the container is a beauty treatment bag, the humidity is controlled to be 40-70%.
Example 1:
a method for breeding industrial hemp suitable for a phytotron comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment: soaking the seeds in purified water, spraying hydrogen peroxide, and standing in the dark to make the seeds germinate; the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.3 vol.%, and the hydrogen peroxide is sprayed twice;
(2) seed emergence: after germination, putting seeds into seedling blocks or seedling trays soaked by purified water, and setting the illumination intensity to be 3400lux and the illumination time to be 24 h;
(3) soil preparation: mixing turfy soil and perlite to prepare soil, and simultaneously adjusting the pH value of the soil to 6.5; the ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 7: 3.
(4) transplanting seedlings: transplanting three pairs of true leaf stage seedlings into a container filled with prepared soil, adjusting illumination time to be 18h, illumination intensity to be 4400lux, controlling environment humidity to be 65% and temperature to be 25 ℃; the container is a beauty planting bag or a plastic basin, the beauty planting bag has better air permeability than the plastic basin, is more beneficial to the growth of industrial hemp roots, has stronger nutrient absorption capacity, fully ensures the nutrient supply of plants, but has poor water retention. When the container is a beauty treatment bag, the humidity is controlled to be 60%.
(5) Seedling stage management: applying a plant general macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (nitrogen phosphorus potassium type, 20-20-20+ TE, total nitrogen content in the fertilizer is 20%, phosphorus pentoxide is 20%, potassium oxide content is 20%) to the soil at an interval of 10 days, diluting by 5 times on the basis of a fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer into the soil to be thoroughly watered;
(6) and (3) flowering management: after the plants enter the flowering period, adjusting the environmental humidity to be 55 percent, supplementing carbon dioxide at the temperature of 28 ℃, ensuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the air to be between 1000ppm, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 5400lux and the illumination time to be 12h, enabling the plants to normally flower in the illumination period, applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizers to the soil at intervals of 10d, diluting 5 times of the fertilizers on the basis of the fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizers, pouring the fertilizers into the soil and watering the fertilizers thoroughly, regularly trimming the bottom leaves of the plants and cutting off the leaves when the growing points at the top ends of the female plants are found, ensuring the nutrition supply at the tops of the plants and increasing the branch number, and improving the seed yield;
(7) and (3) seed setting period management: and in the later stage of seed maturation, the environmental humidity is reduced to 50%, and the seeds are harvested after being completely matured. As shown in figures 1-6, a commercial hemp variety Jinshao-15 is introduced into Ukrainian, 97d seeds can be completely matured when the method is applied for planting, the growth cycle of the variety is advanced by 20-25d compared with that of the outdoor planted variety, the maturity of the seeds can reach more than 90%, and the maturity of the seeds is improved by more than 10% -20% compared with that of the outdoor planted variety.
Claims (5)
1. A method for breeding industrial hemp suitable for a phytotron is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed pretreatment: soaking the seeds in purified water, spraying hydrogen peroxide, and standing in the dark to make the seeds germinate;
(2) seed emergence: after germination, putting seeds into seedling blocks or seedling trays soaked by purified water, and setting the illumination intensity to be 3400lux and the illumination time to be 24 h;
(3) soil preparation: mixing turfy soil and perlite to prepare soil, and adjusting the pH value of the soil to 6-6.5;
(4) transplanting seedlings: transplanting three pairs of true leaf stage seedlings into a container filled with prepared soil, adjusting illumination time to 18h, illumination intensity to 4400lux, controlling environment humidity to be 60-70%, and controlling temperature to be 20-25 ℃;
(5) seedling stage management: applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer to the soil at intervals of 7-10 days, diluting by 5 times based on the fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer into the soil to be thoroughly poured;
(6) and (3) flowering management: after the plants enter the flowering period, adjusting the environmental humidity to be 50-60%, the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, supplementing carbon dioxide, ensuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the air to be between 900 and 1000ppm, adjusting the illumination intensity to be 5400lux, adjusting the illumination time to be 12h, applying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer to the soil at intervals of 7-10d, diluting 5 times on the basis of the fertilizer specification to prepare the fertilizer, and pouring the fertilizer in the soil completely;
(7) and (3) seed setting period management: in the later stage of seed maturation, the environmental humidity is reduced to 40-50%, and the seeds are harvested after they are completely mature.
2. The method for propagating industrial hemp resources suitable for phytotron according to claim 1, wherein: (1) in the step (b), the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.3 vol.%, and the hydrogen peroxide is sprayed twice.
3. The method for propagating industrial hemp resources suitable for phytotron according to claim 1, wherein: (3) in the method, the ratio of the turfy soil to the perlite is 7: 3.
4. the method for propagating industrial hemp resources suitable for phytotron according to claim 1, wherein: (4) wherein, the container is a beauty planting bag or a plastic basin.
5. The method for propagating industrial hemp resources suitable for phytotron according to claim 4, wherein: when the container is a beauty planting bag, the humidity is controlled to be 40% -70%.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103069949A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-01 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for improving germination rate of wild hemp seeds |
| CN106900505A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | A kind of artificial light environment cultural method of hemp |
| CN106954548A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-18 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | The method that industrial hemp breeding is carried out in warmhouse booth |
| CN109287485A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏高航农业科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of high yield and high quality industrial hemp |
| CN110583380A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-20 | 厦门通秴科技股份有限公司 | Industrial hemp planting method and plant planting lamp |
-
2020
- 2020-09-11 CN CN202010953591.XA patent/CN112088761A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103069949A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-01 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for improving germination rate of wild hemp seeds |
| CN106900505A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-30 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | A kind of artificial light environment cultural method of hemp |
| CN106954548A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-07-18 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | The method that industrial hemp breeding is carried out in warmhouse booth |
| CN109287485A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏高航农业科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of high yield and high quality industrial hemp |
| CN110583380A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-20 | 厦门通秴科技股份有限公司 | Industrial hemp planting method and plant planting lamp |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |
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