CN112074291A - 预防和治疗呼吸道疾病的组合物 - Google Patents
预防和治疗呼吸道疾病的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112074291A CN112074291A CN201980020872.5A CN201980020872A CN112074291A CN 112074291 A CN112074291 A CN 112074291A CN 201980020872 A CN201980020872 A CN 201980020872A CN 112074291 A CN112074291 A CN 112074291A
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Abstract
本发明描述了一种药物组合物,其包含南非天竺葵提取物和乳铁蛋白的提取物的协同作用,用于预防和治疗呼吸道疾病和刺激免疫系统。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合物,其包含南非天竺葵的提取物和乳铁蛋白的联合,其可用于预防和/或治疗呼吸道疾病并用作免疫系统的刺激物。该组合物特别有效,由于其组分的协同作用而可同时获得抗病毒作用、抗微生物作用和免疫调节作用。
背景技术
呼吸道和呼吸系统疾病
呼吸道由不同的解剖结构组成,这些结构与呼吸道的正确功能有关。事实上,它是为了组织和外部环境之间的气体,氧气和碳酸酐的交换,这是有机体所有细胞过程的基础,也是生命的基础。
在解剖学上可以区分上呼吸道和下呼吸道两个宏观区域。 第一个由鼻子、咽和相关结构组成,第二个由喉、气管、支气管和肺组成,其真正的呼吸表面由肺泡构成。这个复杂的器官系统通过过滤潜在的微粒、加热和润湿,为进入肺部的空气做好准备。在鼻腔水平上,大于10-15微米的颗粒就会被阻塞,这是由于鼻毛和粘液的存在,除了湍流沉淀外,粘液还会夹带这些颗粒,而湍流沉淀是由鼻甲骨介导的,导致空气方向偏移。粘液在周皮液上分层,其中浸没上皮细胞的振动纤毛。约10微米的颗粒到达气管,被困在粘液中,然后通过纤毛运动消除。重力沉淀使末端细支气管中的2-5微米颗粒沉淀下来,而小于2微米的颗粒则被肺泡巨噬细胞清除,并被肺淋巴系统清除。
整个呼吸道是由沿气管支气管树不同类型和功能的上皮细胞组成。纤毛状柱状细胞表征了从气管到末梢细支气管的气道。纤毛从其顶端表面突出,具有清洁粘液和潜在吸入颗粒的作用。
杯状细胞的任务是分泌粘液,有助于保持上皮细胞的湿润和捕获颗粒。它们出现在小支气管下最大的气道中,但在细支气管中没有发现。
呼吸道的所有组成部分都可能暴露于不同病因的一系列疾病中,这些疾病通常由不同的病原微生物引起,这些病原微生物在微环境和通常存在的菌群中占主导地位,决定了该疾病,结果导致功能降低。
呼吸道疾病的例子
根据呼吸道的区域不同,几种病理性状况可以被区分为病毒、细菌或真菌引起的炎症。
感冒和流感
感冒(也称为“普通感冒”)是涉及鼻子、鼻腔、咽和喉的上呼吸道的一种急性自限性感染。该病毒通过与感染者的空气接触传播,通常通过咳嗽、打喷嚏或直接接触病毒。潜伏期通常不到两天,症状通常在第一天至第三天出现高峰,持续时间在7至10天不等。最常见的症状是喉咙痛、鼻炎、鼻道、咳嗽和全身不适,症状的严重程度因人而异,取决于不同的感染因素。例如,发烧通常在成年人中很少发生,但在儿童中非常频繁,并且一般来说,感冒综合症的发生率随着年龄的增长而降低。实际上,两岁以下的孩子每年倾向于发生六次发作,成年人通常在两到三次之间,而老年人则大约每年发作一次。 对儿童来说,引发感冒的原因可能是每天上幼儿园增加了感染风险,而对成年人来说,压力和睡眠问题可能有利于感冒的发生。鼻病毒主要涉及这些类型的感染,在其他情况下,病因是什么还不是很清楚,而仅在5%的情况下,它们是细菌感染。尽管感冒是一种倾向于自发解决的疾病,但它的发病率非常高,而且会使人虚弱,因为它会降低工作效率,干扰驾驶等其他活动。此外,它对健康有很大影响;事实上,大约有7-17%的成年人和33%的儿童需要医疗咨询。例如,1997年,在美国与感冒(体检、重复感染和药物)有关的费用估计为170亿美元。
就流感而言,它总是一种严重影响世界人口的病毒感染,主要发生在12月至4月之间。与感冒不同,它伴有发烧、头痛、肌痛、昏睡和食欲不振。
鼻炎
鼻炎是一种影响鼻腔粘膜的炎症过程,可分为急性和慢性。急性鼻炎一般由病毒引起,其中鼻病毒、冠状病毒、流感和副流感病毒、RSV、柯萨奇病毒、ECHO病毒和腺病毒。感染发生在传染性最强的高峰期(通常在第一天),通过打喷嚏,患者会释放出每毫升分泌物500-1000个病毒粒子。细菌性感染可能导致并发症,如中耳炎和鼻窦炎。鼻病毒感染的普通感冒在最初3-4天表现为急性症状,7-10天后症状会持续。有过多液体和透明的粘液分泌物,如果细菌叠加,就变成脓性和恶臭。
慢性形式通常继发于鼻窦炎,鼻中隔偏曲和肥大性腺样体。
过敏性鼻炎是由于受试者接触的物质导致了IgE介导的反应,其特征是分泌过多的液体、鼻内瘙痒、打喷嚏和阻塞。实际上,IgE与肥大细胞结合,后者释放出大量的组胺,导致所有病态表现。
最近的研究强调,过敏性鼻炎和哮喘是同时发生的,应被视为整个呼吸道的两种表现,而不是将它们分别定位在呼吸道的上呼吸道和下呼吸道。实际上,似乎过敏性鼻炎患者中有20%至50%也患有哮喘,而哮喘患者中有30%至90%也患有鼻炎。因此,过敏性鼻炎可能是过敏性哮喘发展的诱因,特别是对过敏原(花粉或动物毛发)的致敏作用似乎是哮喘和鼻炎相关性的重要危险因素。
窦炎
窦炎是覆盖在鼻腔的粘膜的炎症,骨腔位于面部的骨骼群中,它们与鼻腔有联系,因此感染的原因和鼻炎是一样的。窦炎可分为急性病毒性或急性细菌性(长达4周)、慢性(超过12周)和急性复发性(每年至少发作4次,并且可以解决)。当窦炎涉及鼻腔时,称为鼻窦炎。通常,健康的窦道是无菌的,其特征在于适当的粘液引流和空气的自由通过。 异常或纤毛不动决定了引流的抑制,导致鼻窦炎。 这种疾病的诱发因素是免疫功能低下、鼻中隔偏曲、鼻息肉、肿瘤、创伤和骨折、可卡因滥用、异物的存在。
急性病毒形式可以遭受细菌超级感染。 通常引起这些感染的细菌是肺炎链球菌、不可分型的流感嗜血杆菌、卡他莫拉菌。铜绿假单胞菌在HIV感染和囊性纤维化引起的窦炎中更常见。真菌的某些属,例如念珠菌属、曲霉属、芽生菌属、球孢子菌属、立枯菌、组织胞浆菌属和隐球菌属,可在免疫功能低下的患者中引起窦炎。 急性鼻窦炎的症状和体征包括:粘液脓从鼻子渗出、鼻阻塞、充血、面部疼痛、对涉及到的鼻窦的压力、嗅觉减退、嗅觉丧失、发烧、耳压或耳塞感、牙痛。通常在最初的3-5天,无法将病毒形式与细菌形式区分开,因此不建议使用抗生素。如果疾病持续超过10天,则很可能会被细菌传染,因此需要进行抗生素治疗。慢性形式起病较慢,持续时间和频率较高。症状与急性症状相似,此外还有口臭,喉炎,支气管炎和哮喘恶化。
窦炎通常会自行痊愈,治疗主要是对症治疗。特别是,减充血治疗可减少水肿,改善过多粘液的引流,维持窦口通畅。局部应用高渗盐水对急性细菌性或急性复发性和慢性复发性的治疗和预防均有较好的效果。
抗生素的选择必须考虑β-内酰胺酶的产生和耐药肺炎链球菌的存在。
咽炎(咽扁桃体炎)
这是咽、喉咽、小舌和扁桃体的炎症过程,通常是通过与呼吸道分泌物直接接触而传播的。在儿童(5-15岁)中更常见,尽管通常是自限性的,但是所涉及部分的肿胀会导致呼吸道通畅性降低,或者无论如何都阻止摄入足够量的液体,从而导致脱水。
病毒(如Epstein-病毒)和细菌可导致持续性感染,特别是A组的溶血性化脓性链球菌在儿童中最常见,但在成人和儿童中也可发现肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体。此外,应考虑通过性接触传播的,由淋病奈瑟氏球菌和白喉棒状杆菌维持的形式(由于使用疫苗而减少的形式)。会厌炎
这是由病毒或细菌感染导致的会厌炎症,导致伴随可能的气道阻塞的器官的肿胀。
它通常由b型流感嗜血杆菌引起,但也由链球菌、葡萄球菌或热创伤引起。它表现为听觉疼痛(成人),发声困难,而50%以上的病例没有发烧,并且可以在迟发期发展。如果是细菌引起的疾病,治疗方法是使用抗生素,如果是严重阻塞气道,则需要插管。
喉炎
喉头发炎表现为失音和声音嘶哑,主要是由病毒引起的,但也有多达10%的病例是由细菌引起的(包括链球菌和白喉衣原体)。 非感染性原因可能是肿瘤、热性或腐蚀性创伤、胃食管反流病(GERD)。 喉炎的症状可持续3-4天,除非存在细菌,否则不使用抗生素。
支气管炎
支气管炎是支气管的常见炎症,表现为呼吸急促和胸痛。支气管炎分为急性和慢性。在第一种情况下,感染持续约三周,而在90%的情况下,是由病毒感染引起的,这种病毒感染可能在与其他感染者接触后发生。易感因素可能是香烟烟雾或其他环境污染源。慢性支气管炎的特征是每年发作三个月,每年至少发作两次,吸烟或其他遗传或环境因素是主要的触发因素。通常,除了在某些特殊情况下,不使用抗生素,而是使用甾体抗炎药、醋氨酚,以消除体温的潜在升高,以及使用支气管扩张剂(例如沙丁胺醇)来改善呼吸。
细支气管炎
细支气管炎是一种常见的儿科疾病,其特征在于气道广泛发炎,同时伴随粘液的大量产生和上皮细胞坏死。它主要由病毒感染引起,尤其是由呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)引起,但也由腺病毒、流感和副流感病毒、人偏肺病毒和鼻病毒引起,而最常涉及的细菌是衣原体属。
在小儿年龄,主要临床表现为听诊期间呼吸急促、呼吸困难或湿罗音,通常在上呼吸道感染后出现。如果氧饱和度在92%到94%之间,以及其他临床表现,例如营养不良、脱水和呼吸困难史,还可能需要住院治疗。
支气管扩张
这是一种疾病,其特征在于肺中的一部分支气管树不可逆地扩张。支气管扩张可能是由于壁的结构缺陷,暴露于异常压力或由于炎症而导致软骨或弹性组织损伤的结果。 它涉及支气管和细支气管,在其中可以建立感染和炎症的恶性循环,以及介质的释放。常见症状是咳嗽、粘液分泌和胸痛。粘液中呈现出弹性蛋白酶和TNF-α,IL-8和类前列腺素的增加。它可以表现为局部阻塞过程或两个肺叶的广泛部分,还伴有鼻窦炎或哮喘。原因是多种多样的,例如,尤其是在小儿年龄,感染也是真菌,会造成永久性损害。此外,还有原发性纤毛运动障碍,其中分泌物明显滞留,然后感染。囊性纤维化以及免疫缺陷都可能是诱发因素。还观察到在溃疡性结肠炎患者中存在呼吸道和支气管扩张感染。
治疗涉及使用抗菌药物对抗细菌和真菌所引起的感染。 此外,将使用盐溶液冲洗气道,增加分泌物的清除,并保持患者水分充足。
现在令人惊奇地发现,由于其成分的协同作用,南非天竺葵的提取物和乳铁蛋白的结合在预防和治疗呼吸道疾病和刺激免疫系统方面特别有效。
在所有上述疾病以及其他病理状况下,必须具有能够以有效方式激活免疫系统的可用活性成分,以便以有效、快速的方式对比感染,同时减少症状的持续时间和严重程度。
发明内容
因此,本发明的主题是包含南非天竺葵提取物和乳铁蛋白的组合物,其用于预防和治疗呼吸系统疾病以及用于刺激免疫系统。根据本发明的联合的组成部分均为已知的组成部分,广泛用于治疗。
南非天竺葵
南非天竺葵是天竺葵属的最重要的物种之一,已经在南非的传统医学中使用了很长时间。
这类植物的普遍使用旨在解决呼吸道感染和胃肠道问题。特别地,对这种植物的兴趣越来越大,因为它在抗结核病、治疗耳痛、感冒、扁桃体炎、支气管炎、鼻窦炎和鼻咽炎方面的潜在用途。
从植物化学的角度来看,许多研究都是针对植物提取物中的主要代谢物进行的,出现了大量的香豆素、类黄酮、原花青素、酚酸和苯丙烷类代谢物。特别地,“乌姆卡林”和其他三甲氧基香豆素被认为是南非天竺葵种类的标记,以使其区别于例如荷叶天竺葵物种,在荷叶天竺葵中不应存在这些化合物。
科学上承认的南非天竺葵的作用是抗菌、抗病毒和免疫调节,其分别归因于多酚(没食子酸)以及酚类化合物和具有香豆素结构的化合物的组合。
关于抗菌和抗真菌活性,1997年的一项研究评估了个别成分(东莨菪素、“乌姆卡林”、5,6,7-三甲氧基香豆素、儿茶素-(+)、没食子酸及其酯)对革兰氏阳性细菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、链球菌1451)和革兰氏阴性(大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、奇异变形杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、流感嗜血杆菌)的作用。除儿茶素外,所有成分均显示出抗菌活性,MIC为200至1000 pg / mL。
还通过评价南非天竺葵的提取物抑制细菌(链球菌)对人上皮细胞的粘附能力来间接评价抗菌活性。其他体外的研究表明,该植物提取物具有增强吞噬作用、氧化反应和细胞死亡的能力。
其他研究证实了天竺葵提取物具有显著的免疫调节能力,除了可以刺激巨噬细胞活性外,还可以释放一系列免疫应答所必需的细胞因子,例如TNF-a、iNOS、IL-1、IL-10、IL-12、IL-18、干扰素-α、γ。 考虑到大多数上呼吸道感染是由于病毒引起的,这种免疫调节作用至关重要。
Janecki及其合作者的一项2011年的研究,强调了南非天竺葵根中所含的原花青素在抑制化脓性链球菌粘附于喉上皮细胞方面具有潜在作用。
植物提取物的另一项文献记载的活性是刺激粘膜纤毛系统的能力:两项研究表明,已经观察到植物提取物(1、30、100 pg / mL)在人鼻上皮细胞培养中增加粘膜纤毛清除能力。
已在约20项临床研究中对南非天竺葵在人类的作用进行了评估,其中大多数研究是随机,双盲和安慰剂对照的。在进行的研究中,该提取物证明能够减轻成人和儿童的急性支气管炎、扁桃体咽炎和其他呼吸道感染的严重程度和持续时间。
例如,在2006年的一项研究中,招募了400名6至18岁的患者,这些患者以随机方式接受30、60和90毫克的南非天竺葵提取物,分3次每日给药或安慰剂,共7天。7天后,作者描述了在60和90 mg /die的剂量下,支气管炎严重程度评分(BSS)有所改善,尤其是咳嗽、听诊期间的喘息和痰液。在治疗组中,该产品的耐受性与安慰剂组相当。
对于扁桃体咽喉炎,对143名6岁至10岁的儿童进行了研究,诊断为急性扁桃体咽喉炎,并且扁桃体咽炎的严重程度评分(TSS)> 8。
每天给予儿童三次1毫升南非天竺葵提取物EPs7630或安慰剂,持续六天。已记录到,治疗组中TTS的降低明显优于安慰剂组,退烧药的使用较少,且无特殊副作用。
在2007年的一项研究中,在133名服用最长持续时间为10天的患者中观察到了用南非天竺葵提取物EPs7630治疗感冒症状的效果。
同样对于普通感冒,这种提取物被证明是一种有效的治疗方法,相对于安慰剂,它可以减轻症状的严重程度和持续时间。
从广泛的临床试验中产生了良好的效果以及良好的使用安全性(主要是轻微的和短暂的副作用),南非天竺葵的提取物为预防和治疗呼吸道疾病的产品提供了有效选择。
乳铁蛋白
乳铁蛋白(Lf),正式称为乳运铁蛋白,是一种能够结合铁的糖蛋白,其与血清运铁蛋白、卵运铁蛋白和黑素运铁蛋白一同属于运铁蛋白家族。
乳铁蛋白于1939年从牛乳中分离出来,几年后发现它是能够结合铁的人乳的主要蛋白质。Lf是通过不同种类哺乳动物的粘膜上皮细胞和中性粒细胞产生和释放的,其中包括人、牛、马、狗和一些啮齿动物。几项研究表明,这种化合物如何参与不同的生理和保护功能,例如调节肠道中铁的吸收以及如何赋予其抗氧化剂,抗炎,抗微生物和抗癌特性。 乳铁蛋白在牛奶和初乳中的浓度为7g / L,在唾液、汗液、阴道分泌液、精子、支气管、鼻腔、胆道分泌物和尿液中也高度集中。
从结构化学的角度来看,乳铁蛋白是一种80kDa的糖基化蛋白质,其包含700个氨基酸,并且在不同物种之间同源性较高。它的
三维结构由包裹在两个彼此非常相似的对称叶(叶N和C)中的单个多肽链组成。
除了铁之外,乳铁蛋白还能够结合铜,锌和锰离子,并且在生物流体中,它可以以自由铁(载脂蛋白-乳铁蛋白)或与铁结合(脂蛋白-乳铁蛋白)的形式存在。尽管是蛋白质,但科学著作报道了牛乳铁蛋白(经批准用于食品补充剂)经口给药后能抵抗胃环境中的通道。尽管从这种反应看来分子被部分消化是合理的,但形成的阳离子肽相对于天然蛋白表现出可比的甚至更高的活性,例如在乳铁蛋白肽的情况下。
乳铁蛋白的主要活性之一是抗菌活性:事实上,这种化合物对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌都非常有效。其有效性归因于双重作用机制,一个取决于其结合铁的能力,另一个取决于其独立的能力。铁的高结合能力决定了这种特别重要的金属对于某些细菌的粘附和增殖能力差。这类病原体例如大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌,通过这种机制,乳铁蛋白能够减少其对粘膜的粘附和生物膜的形成。
另一种作用机制与其结合革兰氏阴性菌质膜中存在的脂多糖(LPS)和革兰氏阳性菌膜中存在的脂磷壁酸的能力有关。在细菌的表面上,已经鉴定出乳铁蛋白的N-末端部分的受体,这种结合决定了LPS和脂磷壁酸的结构改变,导致细菌膜的渗透性增加。
此外,乳铁蛋白具有针对不同病毒例如巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒1和2、人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒、乳头瘤病毒具有明显的抗病毒活性。关于本发明特别重要的是针对其抗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的活性,其中它与参与细胞侵袭的主要糖蛋白F蛋白相互作用,针对副流感病毒(PIV),其抑制病毒粘附从而阻止侵袭和复制。并针对腺病毒,通过整合素将负责病毒粘附的多肽III结合到宿主细胞表面。乳铁蛋白还对A型流感病毒特别有效,它通过干扰半光天冬酶3抑制细胞死亡,半光天冬酶3是病毒诱导的主要效应因子。
此外,它阻止了病毒核糖核苷酸从细胞核中的输出,从而阻止了病毒在宿主细胞内的组装。
乳铁蛋白具有显著的免疫调节能力,因为它具有抗炎活性和激活先天和后天免疫反应的能力。具体而言,Lf通过在感染部位诱导其活化和迁移而与抗原呈递细胞(APC)表达的表面受体相互作用,所述抗原呈递细胞(APC)诸如单核细胞、巨噬细胞、树突细胞、中性粒细胞。此外,它还增加了单核细胞表面粘附分子(例如Betal、Beta2和ICAM-1)的表达,这些因子刺激了粒细胞和单核细胞的合成,从而在目标部位扩展了它们的作用,并且还增加了CD80、CD83、CD86糖蛋白与促炎细胞因子产量。
乳铁蛋白的抗菌,抗病毒和免疫调节作用使其成为预防和治疗呼吸系统感染的有效活性成分。
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含将南非天竺葵提取物和乳铁蛋白的提取物与合适的可接受的载体混合。
合适的可接受的载体是本领域技术人员通常已知的用于制备口服组合物例如溶液剂、混悬剂、粉剂或颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂的常用载体。
作为非限制性实例,所述可接受的载体可以由粘合剂、稀释剂、润滑剂、助流剂、崩解剂、增溶剂(增湿剂)、稳定剂、着色剂、抗结块剂、乳化剂、增稠剂和胶凝剂、包衣剂、湿润剂、螯合剂和甜味剂。
稀释剂的具体实例可以是:碳酸镁、微晶纤维素、淀粉、乳糖和蔗糖;主要使用的润滑剂是硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸和硬脂富马酸钠。 作为助流剂的胶体硅和硅酸镁;作为崩解剂的交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和羟基乙酸淀粉钠;作为增溶剂的表面活性剂,如吐温或十二烷基硫酸钠,以及作为稳定剂的各种防腐剂(山梨酸及其衍生物、苯甲酸及其衍生物、对羟基苯甲酸酯),抗氧化剂(抗坏血酸及其衍生物、生育酚)和酸化剂(磷酸、酒石酸)。增稠剂和胶凝剂可以是角叉菜胶、果胶和淀粉,包衣剂包括例如蜡及其衍生物,抗结块剂包括例如碳酸钙或碳酸镁,湿润剂包括例如山梨糖醇和甘露糖醇,螯合剂包括例如EDTA及其衍生物,甜味剂包括例如阿斯巴甜和乙酰磺胺酸钾。
本发明的组合物优选为用于口服的液体或固体组合物,还更优选为水溶液、悬浮液、粉末或颗粒、片剂、胶囊剂和丸剂。
本发明的组合物包含南非天竺葵的提取物和乳铁蛋白。
南非天竺葵提取物的存在量为1mg至1000mg,优选10mg至500mg,更优选20mg至200mg。
乳铁蛋白的存在量为1mg至1000mg,优选10mg至500mg,再更优选20mg至200mg。
本发明目的的组合物在预防和/或治疗呼吸道疾病方面特别有效,特别是在预防和/或治疗鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎、鼻咽炎或感冒、鼻窦炎、窦炎、咽炎、会厌炎、喉炎、支气管炎、细支气管炎和支气管扩张症,由于其成分的协同作用,可同时获得抗病毒作用、抗菌作用和免疫调节作用。
由于活性成分的特性,本发明的组合物作为免疫系统的刺激剂特别有效。
因此,本发明的另一个目的是一种包含南非天竺葵的提取物和乳铁蛋白的混合物与合适的可接受的载体的组合物的应用,用于预防和/或治疗呼吸道疾病以及用于刺激免疫系统。
所述组合物是医疗装置、食品补充剂、营养品、饮食和营养组合物、食品、饮料、营养保健品、药物、含药食品、药品、或用于特殊医疗目的食品。
不受特定理论的束缚,发明人认为存在于本发明的组成物联合的协同效果源自联合组合物的以下活性。
由于其成分具有防止细菌粘附、刺激吞噬作用和释放各种促炎性细胞因子(白介素、干扰素γ和TNF-α、iNOS)的能力,因此,南非天竺葵的提取物具有显著的抗菌、抗病毒和免疫调节活性。而且,它能够刺激粘膜纤毛清除,从而在呼吸水平上对大多数感染有效。
乳铁蛋白具有抗菌活性,其独特的作用机制与其从细菌细胞中螯合铁从而导致其死亡的高能力有关;而且它能够结合脂多糖和脂磷壁酸,这是革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌膜的两个重要组成部分。乳铁蛋白对常见病毒如流感或感冒病毒也特别有效,这是因为乳铁蛋白能够通过对半胱天冬酶3的抑制作用来干预细胞死亡。最后,通过与抗原呈递细胞的表面受体相互作用,它可以诱导细胞在感染部位的活化和迁移。
可以通过体外和/或体内测试研究上述活性成分的协同活性,所述测试能够评估根据本发明的组合物和/或比较组合物的抗病毒、抗微生物和免疫调节活性。
为了评估抗病毒、抗菌和免疫调节活性,可以使用文献中已知的任何测试。
作为一个指示,例如,通过不同类型的测试来评估抗病毒活性,这些测试可以评估被测化合物对病毒斑块的作用、对其特定效应(细胞毒性)的影响、对病毒必不可少的某些蛋白质的作用,或在生殖周期的特定阶段,例如附着、进入、脱壳、复制、组装、释放等。
相反,其抗菌活性是通过对属于革兰氏阳性和/或革兰氏阴性类别和/或其他微生物种类的主要细菌菌株来评估的。
关于免疫调节活性,优选通过能够检测细胞、细胞因子或免疫应答中涉及的其他因子的刺激/抑制能力的科学测试来评估。
实施例
现在通过实施例的方式提供本发明的组合物活性成分的日剂量的一些非结合性实例。
日剂量是指以合适的口服剂型施用,并分为一个或多个剂量单位。
实施例1(包衣片剂)
实施例2(用于口服混悬剂/溶液的粉末或颗粒)
实施例3(用于口服混悬剂/溶液的粉末或颗粒)
实施例4(胶囊)
实施例5(口服液体长颈细口瓶)
根据常规技术例如混合来制备组合物。
Claims (8)
1.一种组合物,含有南非天竺葵的提取物和乳铁蛋白以及合适的可接受的载体。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其为口服使用的液体或固体组合物的形式。
3.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其中南非天竺葵的提取物的存在量为1mg至1000mg,优选10mg至500mg,更优选20mg至200mg。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的组合物,其中乳铁蛋白的存在量为1mg至1000mg,优选10mg至500mg,还更优选20mg至200mg。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物是医疗装置、食品补充剂、营养品、饮食和营养组合物、食品、饮料、营养保健品、药物、含药食品、药品、或用于特殊医疗目的食品。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项的组合物,其用于预防或治疗呼吸道疾病。
7.根据权利要求7的组合物,其用于预防或治疗鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎、鼻咽炎或感冒、鼻窦炎、窦炎、咽炎、会厌炎、喉炎、支气管炎、细支气管炎和支气管扩张。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项的组合物,其用作免疫系统的刺激剂。
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EP2481751A1 (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-01 | PharmaSurgics in Sweden AB | Human lactoferrin derived peptides |
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2018
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2019
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- 2019-02-05 EP EP19702105.8A patent/EP3749348B1/en active Active
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- 2019-02-05 RU RU2020126520A patent/RU2754971C1/ru active
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Also Published As
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EP3749348B1 (en) | 2024-04-17 |
WO2019154773A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
EP3749348A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
IT201800002457A1 (it) | 2019-08-07 |
RU2754971C1 (ru) | 2021-09-08 |
US20210046164A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 |
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