CN112068249A - A kind of optical fiber optical tweezers and system based on special optical fiber - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber optical tweezers and system based on special optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供的是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统。其特征是:它由同轴双波导光纤1、大芯径同轴双波导光纤2、锥台3、菲涅尔衍射透镜4、同轴双波导光纤连接器5、激光器(6、7)组成。所述系统中,激光器(6、7)通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5分别与同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯、环形芯相连。同轴双波导光纤1的另一端熔接一段大芯径同轴双波导光纤2,大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的另一端加工成锥台3,光经过锥台3会聚成一个能稳定捕获粒子的势阱;大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯加工有菲涅尔衍射透镜4,光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚成另一个能稳定捕获粒子的势阱。本发明可用于微粒的捕获、弹射,可广泛用于光动力操控等领域。
The invention provides an optical fiber optical tweezers and a system based on special optical fibers. It is characterized in that it is composed of a coaxial double waveguide fiber 1, a large core diameter coaxial double waveguide fiber 2, a truncated cone 3, a Fresnel diffraction lens 4, a coaxial double waveguide fiber connector 5, and a laser (6, 7). . In the system, the lasers (6, 7) are respectively connected to the intermediate core and the annular core of the coaxial dual-waveguide fiber 1 through the coaxial dual-waveguide fiber connector 5 . The other end of the coaxial dual-waveguide fiber 1 is spliced with a large-core-diameter coaxial dual-waveguide fiber 2, and the other end of the large-core-diameter coaxial dual-waveguide fiber 2 is processed into a truncated cone 3. Potential well of particles; Fresnel diffractive lens 4 is processed in the middle core of large core diameter coaxial dual-waveguide fiber 2, and light is converged by Fresnel diffractive lens 4 into another potential well capable of stably capturing particles. The invention can be used for capturing and ejecting particles, and can be widely used in the fields of photodynamic manipulation and the like.
Description
(一)技术领域(1) Technical field
本发明涉及的是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统,可用于细胞或微粒的捕获、弹射,属于光动力操纵技术领域。The invention relates to an optical fiber optical tweezers and a system based on special optical fibers, which can be used for capturing and ejecting cells or particles, and belongs to the technical field of photodynamic manipulation.
(二)背景技术(2) Background technology
1986年,Askin和他的同事首次提出“光镊”的概念[Optical Letters,18(5):288-290,1986],开拓了光捕获微粒研究的新领域。目前,光镊技术成为了探索微观世界的科学研究通用工具。In 1986, Askin and his colleagues first proposed the concept of "optical tweezers" [Optical Letters, 18(5): 288-290, 1986], opening up a new field of research on light-harvesting particles. At present, optical tweezers technology has become a general scientific research tool for exploring the microscopic world.
光镊,即用光来抓物体。但与之不同的是,光镊是使粒子受到光的束缚从而达到“抓”的效果。光镊可以使空间分辨率达到纳米量级,使力的分辨率达到皮牛量级,使得时间分辨率达到毫秒量级。这使得人们能从单细胞水平以至单分子水平上研究生命体。过去几十年的发展使这些工具从精密仪器转变为高度通用的分子生物物理仪器。目前,光镊已经成为生物科学中最广泛使用的高精度定位技术和测量皮牛力的技术。Optical tweezers, which use light to grasp objects. But the difference is that optical tweezers make particles bound by light to achieve the effect of "grasping". Optical tweezers can achieve nanometer spatial resolution, pico-new force resolution, and millisecond temporal resolution. This makes it possible to study living organisms from the single-cell level as well as the single-molecule level. Developments over the past few decades have transformed these tools from precision instruments to highly versatile molecular biophysics instruments. At present, optical tweezers have become the most widely used high-precision positioning technology and measurement of pico-new force in biological sciences.
尽管传统光镊已经取得了显著的结果,但是在相当多的环境中,它们的使用仍然受到限制。例如,使用通常工作距离很小的传统光镊系统很难使光束在厚样品或混浊介质中聚焦。此外,成本和可移植性问题也是它们广泛使用的障碍。Although conventional optical tweezers have achieved remarkable results, their use remains limited in a considerable number of contexts. For example, it is difficult to focus beams in thick samples or turbid media using conventional optical tweezers systems, which typically have a small working distance. In addition, cost and portability issues are barriers to their widespread use.
为解决上述问题,2016年,苏晨光等人公开了一种光镊系统中的微球自动捕获方法(申请号:201610832084.4),能够自动识别、捕获800nm–10μm的粒子,有效的提高实验的效率,减轻实验者的工作量,并提升实验数据的稳定性。同年,黄维等人公开了一种基于四芯螺旋光纤的光纤光镊及其制作方法(申请号:201610412841.2)。将四芯光纤进行扭转之后,形成螺旋光纤,从而形成光纤光镊。2017年,张永惠等人公开了一种基于斜光线环形光场的阶跃多模光纤光镊(申请号:201721083580.0),在多模光纤纤芯中,构造完全由斜光线构成的环形光场,将光纤头研磨后,形成光强梯度场,从而捕获细胞或飞升级的微液滴。In order to solve the above problems, in 2016, Su Chenguang et al. disclosed an automatic capture method of microspheres in an optical tweezers system (application number: 201610832084.4), which can automatically identify and capture 800nm-10μm particles, effectively improving the efficiency of the experiment , reducing the workload of the experimenter and improving the stability of the experimental data. In the same year, Huang Wei et al. disclosed a fiber optical tweezers based on a four-core helical fiber and a manufacturing method thereof (application number: 201610412841.2). After twisting the four-core optical fiber, a helical optical fiber is formed, thereby forming the optical fiber optical tweezers. In 2017, Zhang Yonghui et al. disclosed a step-by-step multimode fiber optical tweezers based on an oblique light ring light field (application number: 201721083580.0). In the multimode fiber core, a ring light field composed entirely of oblique light rays is constructed. After grinding the fiber tip, a gradient field of light intensity is formed, which captures microdroplets of cells or femtoliters.
此外,申请人在2010年公开了一种基于同轴双波导结构的吞吐式光纤光镊及制备方法(申请号:201010215424.1)。利用同轴双波导光纤对微粒进行操控,通过调节改变光源光功率,可实现稳定捕获粒子的吞吐、发射,甚至吸回。同时,对微粒的捕获更加灵活、准确,具备可调节性,大大提高了光纤光镊技术的实用性。In addition, in 2010, the applicant disclosed a throughput optical fiber optical tweezers based on a coaxial dual-waveguide structure and a preparation method (application number: 201010215424.1). Using coaxial dual-waveguide fibers to manipulate the particles, and by adjusting and changing the optical power of the light source, the throughput, emission, and even absorption of the captured particles can be stably achieved. At the same time, the capture of particles is more flexible, accurate, and adjustable, which greatly improves the practicability of fiber optic tweezers technology.
以上专利,虽然都能对粒子进行捕获、吞吐等操控,但是他们大多一次只能操控一个粒子,功能比较单一。Although the above patents can control particles such as capture, throughput, etc., most of them can only control one particle at a time, and the function is relatively simple.
本发明公开了一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊。可用于细胞或微粒的捕获、弹射,可广泛用于细胞操控等领域。在小芯径同轴双波导光纤的一端熔接一小段大芯径同轴双波导光纤。将大芯径同轴双波导光纤端研磨成锥台,使其环形芯能会聚形成三维稳定捕获势阱。在大芯径同轴双波导光纤的中间芯上用飞秒激光加工技术雕刻菲涅尔透镜,使其中间芯也能形成一个稳定的聚焦光场。与在先技术相比,本发明的优势为:一方面,环形芯形通过锥台成一个焦点,中间芯通过衍射透镜形成一个聚焦点,可以同时捕获两个有一定距离的粒子;也可以对中间芯和环形芯分别通光,每次只捕获一个粒子。另一方面,通过设计中间芯二元衍射透镜的焦距,使得透镜焦距与环形芯焦距相近,即可利用环形芯捕获粒子,中间芯用来弹射粒子;中间芯是通过衍射透镜会聚的光束,将光束进行了压缩,与直接出射的高斯光束相比,弹射加速区域更长。The invention discloses an optical fiber optical tweezers based on special optical fibers. It can be used for capturing and ejecting cells or particles, and can be widely used in cell manipulation and other fields. A small section of coaxial double-waveguide fiber with large core diameter is spliced at one end of the small-core-diameter coaxial double-waveguide fiber. The end of the large core diameter coaxial double waveguide fiber is ground into a cone frustum, so that the annular core can converge to form a three-dimensional stable trapping potential well. The Fresnel lens is engraved on the middle core of the large-core coaxial dual-waveguide fiber by femtosecond laser processing technology, so that the middle core can also form a stable focused light field. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: on the one hand, the annular core forms a focal point through the frustum, and the intermediate core forms a focal point through the diffractive lens, which can capture two particles with a certain distance at the same time; The intermediate core and the annular core are separately light-passed, capturing only one particle at a time. On the other hand, by designing the focal length of the intermediate core binary diffractive lens so that the focal length of the lens is similar to the focal length of the annular core, the annular core can be used to capture particles, and the intermediate core is used to eject the particles; The beam is compressed, resulting in a longer ejection acceleration area compared to a direct exit Gaussian beam.
(三)发明内容(3) Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单、同时具有捕获单个、多个细胞、且具有弹射功能的多功能复合的光纤光镊及系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional composite optical fiber optical tweezers and a system with simple structure, capturing single or multiple cells, and ejecting functions at the same time.
本发明的目的是这样实现的:The object of the present invention is achieved in this way:
它由同轴双波导光纤1、大芯径同轴双波导光纤2、锥台3、光纤端菲涅尔衍射透镜4、同轴双波导光纤连接器5、激光器(6、7)组成。激光器6通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5与同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯101相连,激光器7通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5与同轴双波导光纤1的环形芯102相连。同轴双波导光纤1的另一端熔接一段大芯径同轴双波导光纤2,大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的另一端研磨成锥台,使环形芯202传输的光会聚,形成一个能稳定捕获粒子的势阱;大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯用飞秒激光加工系统在其端面雕刻菲涅尔衍射透镜4,使得中间芯201传输的光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚成另一个能稳定捕获粒子的势阱。It is composed of coaxial
所述的同轴双波导光纤1,其外径为D1,优选的,D1为125μm。它由一个中间型波导101和一个环形芯波导102组成,中间芯波导101的直径为A1,优选的A1为10μm,环形芯波导102的内径为B1,外径为C1,优选的,B1为84μm,外径为C1为94μm。中间芯波导101和环形芯波导102同轴。The outer diameter of the coaxial dual-
所述的同轴双波导光纤2,其外径为D2,优选的,D2为125μm。它由一个中间芯波导201和一个环形芯波导202组成,中间芯波导201的直径为A2,优选的A2为70μm,环形芯波导2的内径为B2,外径为C2,优选的,B2为84μm,C2为94μm。中间芯波导201和环形芯波导202同轴。同轴双波导光纤2的环形纤芯与同轴双波导光纤1的环形纤芯尺寸相等。The outer diameter of the coaxial dual-
所述的同轴双波导光纤2,其长度为L,优选的,L为300μm。The length of the coaxial dual-
Zhang等人(Zhang Y,Liu Z,Yang J,et al.An annular core single fibertweezers[J].Sensor Letters,2012,10(7):1374-1377.)利用有限元法分析了环形芯光纤在不同研磨角度下所受的光阱力大小。最终得出结论,当从环形芯光纤光镊的锥形出射光束夹角为直角时,轴向和横向光阱力的幅值最大,即当环形光束夹角趋近于直角时,在光源功率、被捕获粒子折射率和大小相同的前提下,光纤光镊探针的光捕获能力最强。Zhang et al. (Zhang Y, Liu Z, Yang J, et al. An annular core single fiber tweezers[J]. Sensor Letters, 2012, 10(7): 1374-1377.) used the finite element method to analyze the The optical trap force under different grinding angles. Finally, it is concluded that when the angle between the cone-shaped outgoing beams from the ring-core fiber optical tweezers is a right angle, the amplitudes of the axial and lateral optical trapping forces are the largest, that is, when the angle between the ring beams approaches a right angle, the power of the light source is at a right angle. Under the premise of the same refractive index and size of the captured particles, the optical fiber optical tweezers probe has the strongest light capture ability.
所述的锥台3,通过对大芯径同轴双波导光纤2光纤端进行精细研磨而成,其锥角角度为β,优选的β为17°。The
研磨后大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的端面直径为D,优选的,D为80μm。The diameter of the end face of the large-core-diameter coaxial dual-waveguide
所述的光纤端菲涅尔衍射透镜4,利用飞秒激光微加工技术在大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯201上直接加工而成。其波带半径R由菲涅尔方程确定,相邻波带的光程差为λ,由几何光学知识,可以得到第n波带的半径为:The optical fiber end Fresnel
其中,f0是对应于第一衍射级次的主焦距,λ0是设计波长。where f 0 is the prime focal length corresponding to the first diffraction order, and λ 0 is the design wavelength.
当f0>>λ0时,则第n波带的半径近似为:When f 0 >>λ 0 , the radius of the nth band is approximately:
系统中采用的设计波长λ0为980nm,焦距f0为45μm。The design wavelength λ 0 used in the system is 980 nm, and the focal length f 0 is 45 μm.
菲涅尔衍射透镜4的半径rn,其中n为12,r1至r12的值(单位:μm)分别为:6.6、9.4、11.5、13.28、14.85、16.27、17.57、18.78、19.92、21、22.02、23。The radius rn of the Fresnel
菲涅尔衍射透镜4制作:在偶数半波带上用飞秒激光微加工系统刻蚀深度为d的环形槽,使之与奇数半波带产生π的相位差,优选的,d为3.66μm。Fabrication of Fresnel diffractive lens 4: A ring groove with a depth of d is etched with a femtosecond laser micromachining system on the even-numbered half-wave band to produce a phase difference of π with the odd-numbered half-wave band. Preferably, d is 3.66 μm .
比于现有技术,本发明的突出优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of the present invention are:
(1)集捕获单个粒子、多个粒子,弹射功能于一根光纤,集成度高、结构简单、操作灵活方便。(1) It integrates capture of single particles and multiple particles, and the ejection function is integrated into one optical fiber, with high integration, simple structure, and flexible and convenient operation.
(2)通过设计中间芯二元衍射透镜的焦距,使得透镜焦距与环形芯焦距相近,利用环形芯捕获粒子,中间芯用来弹射粒子,中间芯是通过衍射透镜会聚的光束,与直接出射的高斯光束弹射粒子相比,弹射加速区域更长。(2) By designing the focal length of the intermediate core binary diffractive lens, the focal length of the lens is similar to the focal length of the annular core, the annular core is used to capture particles, and the intermediate core is used to eject the particles. Compared to Gaussian beams that eject particles, the ejection acceleration area is longer.
(四)附图说明(4) Description of drawings
图1是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统的系统结构图。由同轴双波导光纤1、大芯径同轴双波导光纤2、锥台3、光纤端菲涅尔衍射透镜4、同轴双波导光纤连接器5、激光器(6、7)组成。101是同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯,102是同轴双波导光纤1的环形芯;201是大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯,202是大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的环形芯。401是飞秒激光在光纤端面加工的地方。Figure 1 is a system structure diagram of a special optical fiber-based optical fiber optical tweezers and system. It is composed of coaxial
图2是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统的同轴双波导光纤1的端面图。FIG. 2 is an end view of a coaxial dual-
图3是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统的同轴双波导光纤2的端面图。FIG. 3 is an end view of a coaxial dual-
图4是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统的环形纤芯202捕获粒子示意图,其中5是环形芯出射光场会聚光束,6是被捕获粒子,8是光在环形芯中传输方向示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a kind of optical fiber optical tweezers and system based on special optical fiber to capture particles in the
图5是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统环形芯202捕获的粒子所受的横向光阱力曲线图。FIG. 5 is a graph showing the transverse optical trapping force of a special optical fiber-based optical fiber optical tweezers and the particles captured by the
图6一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统环形芯202捕获的粒子所受的轴向光阱力曲线图。FIG. 6 is a graph of the axial optical trapping force suffered by a special optical fiber-based optical fiber optical tweezers and the particles captured by the
图7一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统中间芯201传输的光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4捕获粒子示意图,其中7是会聚光束,6是被捕获粒子,8是光在中间芯中传输方向示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a special optical fiber-based optical fiber tweezers and a system
图8一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统中间芯201传输的光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4捕获的粒子所受的横向光阱力曲线图。FIG. 8 is a graph of the transverse optical trapping force received by the optical fiber optical tweezers based on a special optical fiber and the light transmitted by the
图9一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统中间芯201传输的光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4捕获的粒子所受的轴向光阱力曲线图。FIG. 9 is a graph of the axial optical trapping force received by the optical fiber optical tweezers based on a special optical fiber and the light transmitted by the
图10一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统捕获两个粒子示意图。Fig. 10 A schematic diagram of a special optical fiber-based optical fiber optical tweezers and system for capturing two particles.
图11是一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统实现弹射功能示意图。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a special optical fiber-based optical fiber optical tweezers and a system for realizing the ejection function.
图12一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊及系统中间芯201传输的光经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚后光场传播情况。FIG. 12 shows the propagation of the light field after the optical fiber optical tweezers based on the special optical fiber and the light transmitted by the
(五)具体实施方式(5) Specific implementation methods
下面结合具体的实施例来进一步阐述本发明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例1:一种基于特种光纤的光纤光镊制备过程。Example 1: A preparation process of optical fiber optical tweezers based on special optical fibers.
步骤1:取同轴双波导光纤1和大芯径同轴双波导光纤2各一段,去除涂覆层,用切割刀将光纤端面切平,并用酒精擦拭干净。Step 1: Take each section of coaxial dual-
步骤2:将两段光纤放入光纤熔接机中熔接。Step 2: Put the two pieces of optical fiber into the optical fiber fusion splicer and splicing.
步骤3:利用定长度切割系统对大芯径同轴双波导光纤2进行切割,使得大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的长度为300μm。Step 3: The large-core-diameter coaxial dual-waveguide
步骤4:将焊接好的光纤用酒精擦拭除尘,然后将光纤放入飞秒微加工系统的位移台上;Step 4: Wipe the welded optical fiber with alcohol to remove dust, and then put the optical fiber on the stage of the femtosecond micromachining system;
步骤5:设置频率为60kHz,功率为0.5mW,选择50×,数值孔径0.42的物镜,使飞秒激光通过显微物镜聚焦到光纤端表面;Step 5: Set the frequency to 60kHz, the power to 0.5mW, select the objective lens of 50× and the numerical aperture of 0.42, so that the femtosecond laser can be focused on the surface of the fiber end through the microscope objective lens;
步骤6:在自己编写的上位机软件上画出图形并生成可执行代码,并执行代码。执行完成后光纤端有两个部分,一部分为未改性的部分,另一部分为改性后的部分;Step 6: Draw graphics on the host computer software written by yourself, generate executable code, and execute the code. After the execution is completed, the fiber end has two parts, one part is the unmodified part, and the other part is the modified part;
步骤7:将利用飞秒激光扫描加工后的样品置于浓度5%的氢氟酸溶液,超声波清洗机辅助腐蚀,腐蚀约25min。Step 7: The sample processed by femtosecond laser scanning is placed in a hydrofluoric acid solution with a concentration of 5%, assisted by an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and corroded for about 25 minutes.
步骤8:将步骤7的光纤样品放入光纤研磨机中研磨出锥台3,角度为17°。Step 8: Put the optical fiber sample in
实施例2:单个粒子的捕获。Example 2: Capture of single particles.
图4为环形芯中传输的光经过锥台会聚后捕获粒子示意图。打开激光器7,激光器7中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的环形芯102中,再传到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的环形芯202中,最后经过锥台3会聚,即可形成很好的三维捕获势阱。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the trapped particles after the light transmitted in the annular core is converged by the frustum. Turn on the
对于图4捕获粒子的结构,用有限元法小球进行受力仿真,其中背景折射率为1.33,小球折射率1.41,环形芯102、202的折射率为1.46,锥台角度为17°。其结果如图5、图6所示。图5是小球所受横向光阱力曲线图,可以看出其横向捕获范围为-20μm至20μm。图6是小球所受轴向光阱力曲线图,其横向捕获范围为20μm至60μm,焦点在50μm处。For the structure of the captured particles in Figure 4, the finite element method is used to simulate the force of the sphere, where the background refractive index is 1.33, the sphere refractive index is 1.41, the refractive index of the
图7是中间芯通过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚后捕获粒子示意图。打开激光器6,激光器6中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯101中,再传到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯201中,最后经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚,形成能捕获细胞的焦点。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of captured particles after the intermediate core is converged by the Fresnel
对于图7捕获粒子的结构,用有限元法对小球进行受力仿真,其中背景折射率为1.33,小球折射率1.41,中间芯折射率为1.45,透镜焦距为20μm,其结果如图8、图9所示。图8是小球所受横向光阱力曲线图,可以看出其横向捕获范围为-30μm至30μm。图9是小球所受轴向光阱力曲线图,其横向捕获范围为0μm至40μm。For the structure of the captured particles in Figure 7, the finite element method is used to simulate the force of the sphere, where the background refractive index is 1.33, the refractive index of the sphere is 1.41, the refractive index of the intermediate core is 1.45, and the focal length of the lens is 20 μm, the results are shown in Figure 8 , as shown in Figure 9. Figure 8 is a graph of the lateral optical trapping force on the sphere, and it can be seen that its lateral trapping range is -30 μm to 30 μm. Figure 9 is a graph of the axial optical trap force on the sphere, and its lateral trapping range is 0 μm to 40 μm.
实施例3:双粒子的捕获。Example 3: Capture of double particles.
图10是同时捕获两个粒子示意图,菲涅尔衍射透镜4焦距设计为20μm。同时打开激光器6和激光器7。激光器6中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯101中;再传输到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯201中,最后经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚形成能稳定捕获粒子的三维势阱。激光器7中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的环形芯102中,再传输到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的环形芯202中,然后经过锥台3会聚形成能稳定捕获粒子的三维势阱。Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of capturing two particles at the same time, and the focal length of the Fresnel
实施例4:粒子弹射实施例。Example 4: Particle ejection example.
图11是粒子弹射示意图。设计菲涅尔衍射透镜4焦距为50μm,使其与锥台3会聚环形芯光束形成的势阱距离相等。打开激光器7,激光器7中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的环形芯102中,再传输到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的环形芯202中,经过锥台3会聚形成能稳定捕获粒子的三维势阱。当粒子稳定捕获粒子后,打开激光器6,激光器6中的光通过同轴双波导光纤连接器5耦合到同轴双波导光纤1的中间芯101中;再传输到大芯径同轴双波导光纤2的中间芯201中,最后经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚形成一个长焦点,作用到小球上,使小球受力加速弹射出去。图12为经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4会聚后光场分布,可以看出,经过菲涅尔衍射透镜4后,会形成一个细长的焦点,其长度约为10μm,宽度约为2μm。Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of particle ejection. The focal length of the Fresnel
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