AU2020102737A4 - Multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber - Google Patents
Multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020102737A4 AU2020102737A4 AU2020102737A AU2020102737A AU2020102737A4 AU 2020102737 A4 AU2020102737 A4 AU 2020102737A4 AU 2020102737 A AU2020102737 A AU 2020102737A AU 2020102737 A AU2020102737 A AU 2020102737A AU 2020102737 A4 AU2020102737 A4 AU 2020102737A4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/32—Micromanipulators structurally combined with microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/006—Manipulation of neutral particles by using radiation pressure, e.g. optical levitation
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber.
It comprises a multi-core optical fiber (1) having multiple cores (2) in one cladding, one end of
the multi-core optical fiber is grinded into a polygonal wedge. The improvements of the present
invention over other optical tweezers are as follows: (1) the optical tweezers comprise a multi
core optical fiber, which can trap multiple micro-particles simultaneously, and the number of
optical potential wells and trapped particles can be changed by adjusting the number of fiber
cores; (2) the invention can trap multiple micro-particles with different arrangements by
adjusting the geometrical arrangements of the fiber cores; (3) based on the principle of total
reflection and refraction focusing, the trapping ability of the optical tweezers can be greatly
improved. Based on the above improvements, multi fiber-optical-tweezers are integrated, while
the trapping characteristics of the optical tweezers are greatly improved.
2/7
4AB
4C 4D
6
F .
FIG. 3
Description
2/7
4AB
4D 4C
6
FIG. 3
Multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber
[0001] The invention related to a type of optical tweezers, especially a combined fiber integrated
multi fiber-optical-tweezers.
[0002] Light is considered to be a stream of photons that is both a particle and a wave, with both
mass and momentum. When an object interacts with an optical radiation field, it is subjected to
an optical radiant force. A light field, whose intensity varies dramatically in space, converts the
optical radiant force into a gradient force that steadily traps the particles at the maximum
intensity, i.e. at the focal point of the beam. This property allows precise, non-contact
manipulation of particles, and devices capable of performing this function are known as optical
tweezers. Since 1970, Ashkin at Bell Labs first observed radiant force in laser lights in
experiments and successfully used laser lights to accomplish the experiment of particle levitation
(1970, Phys. Rev. Lett., 24:156-159). Since then, the optical tweezers technique has been greatly
developed, allowing it to be used in a wide variety of fields of manipulation of tiny particles,
from small nanoparticles to particles of hundreds of micrometers, and from living cells to DNA
biomolecular chains, all of which can be trapped and manipulated with optical tweezers.
[0003] The principle of conventional laser optical tweezers is that the laser beam emitted from
the laser, passes through the beam expander and intensity regulator, and enters the inverted
biological microscope system. Then converged by the dichroic beam splitter and high
magnification microscope to form a light focus trap, using the action of the gradient field light
trap to trap the particles in the sample near the focal point. Under the illumination of the
microscope light source, the sample can be observed by the human eye after passing through the
microscope objective, dichroic beam splitter, dimmer, beam splitter and eyepiece. The beam of
light transmitted by the dichroic beam splitter is partially reflected by the ordinary beam splitter,
and the sample is imaged by the lens on the Charge Coupled Device (CCD) for real-time control.
This optical tweezers system is based on the optical microscope system, with a rather large size
and fixed structure, but it has a lack of structural flexibility, less freedom of operation, and is
difficult to achieve the integration and operation of multifiber-optical-tweezers.
[0004] The flexible nature of optical fiber as a waveguide medium is more suitable for the
requirements of micro-manipulation in complex spaces. Compared with conventional optical
tweezers systems, optical tweezers are simple, inexpensive, and flexible in operation. In 2003, R.
S. Taylor et al. of Canada (US patent, Method and device for manipulating microscopic
quantities of materaial, US 6,941,033 B2, 2005) used the method of etching and coating to
fabricate a metallized hollow optical fiber probe. It is used to trap and manipulate glass particles
submerged in water by cleverly using the electrostatic attraction of the probe tip to balance with
the light scattering force, then achieve the three-dimensional (3D) particle trapping. This
structure of optical tweezers requires multiple etching, complex steps, long processing time, and
has a low yield; the process requires the use of hydrofluoric acid and other toxic substances, and
has high requirements of the processing environment.
[0005] In 2006, Si Lu et al. disclosed an optical tweezers system based on optical waveguides
(Chinese Patent, Optical Waveguide Optical Tweezers System, Patent No. 200510093339.1,
2006), which uses multiple optical fibers to supply the energy light emitted by the laser to
specially shaped two-dimensional and 3D optical waveguides, and the transmitted light is focused through the end of the waveguide to form an optical potential wells, which realizes the trapping, fixing and moving of particles. This optical waveguide optical tweezers based on the principle of beam refraction focusing, the intersection angle of the focused beam cannot be further increased, limiting the increase in particle trapping force; the multi-channel planar and 3D optical waveguides, the core components of optical tweezers, are difficult and expensive to machine and fabricate. The trapping point is rather close to the waveguide optical tweezers and the fact that each path in the waveguide requires a separate connection to the optical fiber, which cannot be further reduced in geometry, limits the operation on particles of the optical tweezers in tight locations (e.g., in deep holes).
[0006] In 2006, the applicant proposed a parabolic shaped single optical tweezers based on a fused tapered optical tweezers and its fabrication method (Method of fuse-tapering fabrication of parabolic shaped microstructured single optical tweezers, Chinese Patent Application No. 200610151087.8). The parabolic shape of the optical fiber probe can be used for the 3D trapping of particles, and it has the advantages of simple structure, no special requirements on the propagation mode of the light source, easy fabrication, and no special requirements on the processing conditions. However, further studies have shown that the trapping force of this single fiber optical tweezers cannot be further increased and can only achieve the 3D trapping of particles at smaller scales and only trapping a single particle.
[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber with multipoint trapping, small size, simple structure, and excellent trapping characteristics.
[0008] The object is achieved as follows:
[0009] It comprises a multi-core optical fiber 1 having multiple cores 2 in one cladding, one end
of the multi-core optical fiber is grinded and processed into a polygonal wedge with a
symmetrical or asymmetrical shape, and the sides 3 and the end face 6 of the optical fiber form a
large gradient optical field conversion area.
[0010] The invention comprises the following characteristics:
[0011] 1. The number of fiber cores 2 is greater than or equal to 4.
[0012] 2. The transmission mode of the multi-core fiber 1 and the fiber cores 2 have
characteristics of being a single-mode or multi-mode.
[0013] 3. The arrangement of the geometric structures of the cores 2 in the multi-core optical
fiber 1 is characterized by one of: a circularly symmetric linear distribution structure, a circularly
symmetric triangular distribution structure, a circularly symmetric tetragonal distribution
structure, a circularly symmetric hexagonal structure, an S-shaped distribution structure or other
non-circular symmetric and asymmetric structures.
[0014] The shape function of the fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers is: if we assume that
the refractive index of the fiber core is ni and the refractive index of the environment of the
particle-trapping is n 2 , when the wedge angle of the grinding process is 0 < - arcsin(n1 /n 2 ), 2 the light transmitted in the fiber core passes through the optical field conversion region, where a
combined effect of internal reflection and external refraction occurs, and the deflection angle a
of the light beam is arcsin nL sin20 . When the wedge angle of the grinding process is ni
O> 'T- arcsin(n,/n2 ), the light transmitted in the fiber core refracts towards the particle 2 trapping area in the optical field conversion area, and the beam is deflected at an angle a of
arcsin n-cosO -+0. ni 2
[0015] The fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers are characterized by the following shape
and function if the optical tweezers are operated in water: when the grinded and processed wedge
angle 0 < 230, the light transmitted in the optical fiber cores passes through an optical field
conversion area, where a combination of internal reflection and external refraction occurs and
the deflection angle of the light beam is less than 52°. When the grinded and processed wedge
angle 0 > 24° of the grinding process, the light transmitted in the fiber core refracts towards the
particle trapping area in the optical field conversion area, and the deflection angle of the beam is
less than 19°.
[0016] The fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers, if the refractive index of the fiber core is
ni and the refractive index of the work environment of the particle-trapping is n 2 , the
characteristics of its fabrication method is: satisfy that a>10°. Therefore, the range of the grinded
n(n 2 -n sin8 0 ° and processed wedge angle is: arcsin L-- sin10° /2~ ar g 2 -i XX n2 ni cos80°
[0017] The fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers, when the optical tweezers are working in
water, the characteristics of its fabrication method is: satisfy that a>10°. Therefore, the range of
the grinded and processed wedge angle 0 is 5°~31.
[0018] In order to illustrate the fabrication process and the working principle of thefiber
integrated combined optical tweezers disclosed herein, the simplest axially symmetrical four
core optical fiber is used to illustrate as follows.
[0019] The structure of a four-core optical fiber produced by France Telecom and NASA is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, respectively, having four cores of 52 micrometers and 50 micrometers core spacing, respectively, in a 125 micrometers cladding. Its geometric distribution is axially symmetric with respect to the optical fiber and has a core diameter of 9 micrometers. Multi fiber-optical-tweezers can be constructed based on the above-mentioned four-core fiber structure. The basic working principle is that a high power laser emitted by a light source is evenly injected into one end of the four-core fiber (unprocessed end) to excite an optical transmission mode in each core 2. Since the optical fibers are laterally ground, the angle of intersection of the transmitted light with the ground side 3 is no longer 90, and the incident angle of the beam Pis reciprocal to the optical fiber lateral ground angle 0. Assume the refractive index of the fiber core is ni and the refractive index of the working environment of the optical tweezers is n2 , when the angle of incidence Pis less than the critical angle of total reflection, the transmitted beam of the core will be refracted directly into the working environment, at this time, the angle a of beam 4A or 4B deviating from the original transmission direction is
arcsin cos0 +0 . When the angle of incidence Pis larger than the critical angle of total ni 2
reflection, the transmitted in the fiber core will have total reflection, then the light beam will refract at the optical fiber end 6 and enters into the working environment of the optical tweezers, at this time, the angle a of beam 4C or 4D deviating from the original transmission direction is
arcsin n. sin 20 . It can be seen that when the grinding angle 0 is small, beam 4C or 4D has a ni
total reflection-refraction effect and the beam deflection angle a increases with the increasing of the grinding angle 0. When the grinding angle 0 is about one critical value, beam 4A or 4B has only a refraction effect and the beam deflection angle a decreases with an increasing grinding angle 0. The different transmission paths of the beam depend entirely on the lateral grinding angle of the fiber, and the maximum deflection angle amax occurs when the angle of incidence of the beam is exactly the critical angle for total reflection.
[0020] Whether it is the directly refracted beam 4A or the fully reflected-refracted beam 4C, they intersect the emitting beam 4B or 4D on the axially symmetrical ground plane of the fiber, respectively, when they enter the environment where the trapped particle is located. Since the grinding angles on both sides are the same, beams 4A and 4B, 4C and 4D are axially symmetrical with respect to the fiber, and the values of the deflection angles are the same. After the intersections of beam 4A and 4B, 4C and 4D, two mutually convergent gradient light fields are formed, with 5A and 5C as the intersection points, respectively. The larger the beam angle, the larger the gradient of the light field at the convergence point 5A and 5C; when the angle is greater than a critical angle, i.e., the gradient force of the light field can balance the scattering force, absorption force and the sum of particle gravity, the particles are subjected to a large gradient light field and allows 5A and 5C to form optical traps at the same time, where tiny particles are stably trapped. The trapping force helps the particles to overcome their own weight and to realize the trapping of tiny particles in 3D space, also immobilizes, transports, and transfers the particles. The larger the angles of intersections between converging beams 4A and
4B, 4C and 4D, the greater the trapping force are at 5A and 5C, but 5A and 5C are also closer to
the optical fiber end face. Therefore, 5C is closer to the optical tweezers than 5A. The optical
tweezers of the present invention can be widely used in cell sorting, cell fusion, cell transgenic
manipulation, microsurgery, molecular motors and other applications of biomedical, materials
chemistry and molecular biology.
[0021] The advantages of the invention are:
[0022] 1. The formation of an optical potential wells in fiber-integrated optical combined optical
tweezers can be based on the principle of total beam reflection-refraction focusing, comparing to
other structured optical tweezers, this dramatically increases the beam intersection angle through
adjusting the grinding angle of the optical fiber end, increasing the gradient of the focused
optical field and greatly improves the trapping characteristic of optical tweezers. In the same
time, the force trapping characteristics of the optical tweezers and the position of the trapping
point can be easily adjusted by changing the grinding angle on the fiber end.
[0023] 2. The fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers based on multi-core optical fibers can form different numbers of optical potential wells by changing the number of cores in the optical fiber. By flexibly selecting the geometrical arrangement of multiple cores in an optical fiber and the grinding angle, multiple micro-particles in different spatial arrangements can be trapped simultaneously; and by separating the operation from the observation, the optical tweezers have characteristics such as simple structure, flexible operation and inexpensive.
[0024] 3. Compared with conventional optical tweezers system, combine multifiber-optical tweezers to be integrated into a single fiber, the outer diameter can be as small as 125 micrometers, the trapped sample can move freely, the tweezers probe can be placed deeply anywhere into the sample chamber, which greatly improves the scope of application. This is more suitable for the formation of an integrated micro-experiment environment, easy to combine with micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), and ultimately achieve the automation of laser micro-operation.
[0025] In summary, the main improvements of fiber-integrated combined optical tweezers technology compared to other optical tweezers are as follows : (1) The optical tweezers are composed of multi-core optical fibers, which can trap multiple micro-particles at the same time, and the number of optical potential wells and trapped particles can be changed by adjusting the number of fiber cores. (2) The invention achieves the simultaneous trapping of multiple micro particles with different spatial geometrical arrangements by adjusting the fiber cores' geometric layout structure. (3) Based on the principle of total reflection and refraction focusing of light beams, the trapping power of the potential wells of the optical tweezers can be greatly improved. Based on the above improvements, the combination and integration of multi fiber-optical tweezers are achieved, and the trapping characteristics are greatly improved.
[0026] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional image of the MCF-4 four-core fiber produced by France Telecom.
[0027] FIG. 2 is an image of a cross-sectional image of a four-core fiber made by NASA.
[0028] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of integrated multi fiber-optical-tweezers consisting of a four-core fiber.
[0029] FIG. 4 is a side view of the structure of FIG. 3.
[0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the light trapping principle of FIG. 3.
[0031] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure and trapping optical field of the invented axially symmetric wedge-shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers based on beam refraction.
[0032] FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6.
[0033] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invented total reflection-refraction based tetragonal-cone shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers integration and a schematic diagram of the trapping light field.
[0034] FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8.
[0035] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invented axially symmetrical
triangular-cone multi fiber-optical-tweezers combination and integration.
[0036] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invented axially symmetrical
hexagonal-cone multi fiber-optical-tweezers combination and integration.
[0037] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invented optical tweezers
combination and integration based on an S-shape-distributed multi-core fiber.
[0038] The invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the example of the
drawings:
[0039] In conjunction with the drawings, the invention proposes fiber-integrated combined
optical tweezers used to trap multipoint micro-particles, comprises a multi-core optical fiber
having multiple independent cores 2 in one cladding, one end of the multi-core optical fiber is
grinded and processed into a polygonal wedge with a symmetrical or asymmetrical shape, and
the sides 3 and the end face 6 of the optical fiber form a large gradient optical field conversion
area. The combination of refraction, internal total reflection and external refraction of the
transmitted beams at the interface of the optical field conversion area to the particle trapping
area, is used to form multiple 3D optical potential wells 5A and 5C from the transmitted beams
4A-4D emitted from the multi-core optical fiber, which enables the combination and integration
of multiple optical tweezers into one optical fiber.
[0040] FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of the structure and trapping optical field of the
axially symmetric wedge-shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers integration based on beam
refraction of the present invention. In the figure, 2 shows the cores in a multi-core optical fiber, 3
shows the ground side of the end of the fiber, 4 shows the refract-emitted focused beam, 5 shows
the focused beams intersecting to form a series of optical potential wells that can trap particles, 6
shows the end face of the fiber (the top face of the focused light field conversion area), and 7
shows the axial direction of the fiber.
[0041] FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are schematic diagrams of the structure and the trapping light field of
the total reflection-refraction based tetragonal-cone shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers
integration of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the total reflection-refraction convergent beams
are shown, and in FIG. 5, the convergent beams intersect to form a series of optical potential
wells that can trap particles.
[0042]Embodiment 1:
[0043] An axially symmetric wedge-shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers combined and
integrated based on the beam refraction principle are described, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
The combination and integration of multi fiber-optical-tweezers are fabricated using a six-core
fiber with a linear geometry of axial symmetry and a grinding process on its end face. The
grinding process of the wedge of the six-core fiber is as follows:
[0044] (1) Select a section of six-core optical fiber described above, remove the coating, and
clean it with a mixture of alcohol and ether before use.
[0045] (2) Place polishing sandpaper of a certain granularity on a polishing disc on a fiber end grinder, fix the cleaned six-core fiber so that one end is placed on the grinding disc.
[0046] (3) Rotate the optical fiber so that the line in which the fiber core is located at is in a plane
perpendicular to the grinding disc, and presents a certain angle with the grinding disc, the angle
can be controlled by the program of the grinding machine, the value of which directly determines
the optical fiber grinding angle 0.
[0047] (4) The grinding disc generates a low speed rotation that grinds and polishes one side of
the fiber by the relative friction of the grinding paper against the side of thefiber.
[0048] (5) After grinding one side of the optical fiber, make the optical fiber rotate 180 along
the axis to grind and polish the other side of the optical fiber.
[0049] (6) Replace the sandpaper with one with a smaller granular size and repeat steps (4) and
(5) until the grinding angles of the two sides of the optical fiber reach the set angle and the
surfaces of the optical fiber ground reach the specified finishes
[0050] The above process completes the processing of optical fiber tweezers. For axially
symmetrical wedge-shaped optical tweezers, the grind angles 0 are the same for both sides and
needs to be greater than the cosine of the total reflection critical angle in order for the beam to
emit directly from the ground surface of thefiber, creating a convergent light field.
[0051] Embodiment 2:
[0052] The following embodiment describes a total reflection-refraction principle based axially symmetrical tetragonal-cone shaped multi fiber-optical-tweezers combination and integration, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. The multi-core fiber structure is based on a linear geometry of six core fiber with two additional cores in each vertical direction to form a ten-core optical fiber. Then realize the combination and integration of the multifiber-optical-tweezers by grinding and processing it. The grinding and processing method of the tetragonal cone of the ten-core optical fiber is as follows:
[0053] Steps (1) to (4) are identical to the grinding process of the wedge.
[0054] (5) After grinding one side of the optical fiber, the optical fiber is rotated by 90 along the axis, and the grinding angle 0 can be reset by the program to achieve the grinding and polishing of the other side of the optical fiber.
[0055] (6) Replace the sandpaper with one of smaller granularity and repeat steps (4) and (5) until the grinding angles of the four lateral directions of the optical fiber reach the set angle and the ground surface of the optical fiber reaches the specified finish.
[0056] The above process completes the fabrication of tetragonal cone-shaped optical tweezers. The grinding angles 0 are the same for both grinding sides of the axially symmetrical fiber in the process, and the grinding angle of the six-core fiber is greater than the complementary angle of the critical angle of total reflection, which causes the beam passing the ground side to refract and emit directly, resulting in a convergent field. The grinding angle of the four-core fiber axially is less than the complementary angle of the total reflection critical angle, so that the light beam passing the ground surface undergoes total reflection-refraction and then emit, forming a convergent light field. After the two axial lights are emitted, the trapping points formed by the converging lights are separated in space.
[0057] Embodiment 3:
[0058] The combination and integration of multi fiber-optical-tweezers can also be achieved
using axially symmetrically distributed 9-core optical fibers, as shown in FIG. 10. The method
and process is similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that an axially symmetrical triangular
cone fiber end structure needs to be milled based on the geometric distribution and symmetry of
the cores in the fiber. The three lateral ground angles of the fiber need to be the same, but can be
selected for a complementary angle greater than the critical angle of total reflection to achieve
direct refractive focusing, or for a complementary angle less than the critical angle of total
reflection to achieve total reflection-refractive focusing.
[0059] Embodiment 4:
[0060] The combination and integration of multifiber-optical-tweezers can also be achieved
using axially symmetrically distributed 18-core optical fibers, as shown in FIG. 11. The method
and process is similar to that of Embodiment 2, except that an axially symmetrical hexagonal
cone fiber end structure needs to be milled based on the geometric distribution and symmetry of
the cores in the fiber. The axially symmetrical grinding angle is achieved for the six sides of the
ground fiber, while the grinding angles of the asymmetrical sides need to be distinguished. There
is a wider choice of grinding angles, a complementary angle greater than the critical angle of
total reflection can be selected to achieve direct refractive focusing, or a complementary angle
less than the critical angle of total reflection can be selected to achieve total reflection-refractive
focusing.
[0061] Embodiment 5:
[0062] The combination and integration of multifiber-optical-tweezers can also be achieved
based on special geometrically distributed multi-core optical fibers, as shown in FIG. 12. The S
shaped distribution of multi-core optical fibers can realize the combination and integration of
multi fiber-optical-tweezers by grinding and processing the ends of the fibers to form a cone. In
contrast to other methods, the fiber ends need to rotate and change direction in real time during
the grinding process to achieve a conical shape. This heterogeneous geometry of the multi-core
fiber provides an efficient way to adjust the optical potential wells of different spatial positions
relative to the fiber end.
Claims (4)
1. Multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber, characterized in that it comprises a multi-core optical fiber (1) having multiple cores (2) in one cladding, one end of the multi-core optical fiber is grinded and processed into a polygonal wedge with a symmetrical or asymmetrical shape, and the light beams (4) emitting from the multiple cores (2) intersecting each other to form a plurality of three-dimensional optical potential wells (5) in space.
2. The multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of fiber cores (2) is greater than or equal to 4.
3. The multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of optical tweezers formed is greater than or equal to 2.
4. The multi fiber-optical-tweezers integrated into a single optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, and claim 3, characterized by that the arrangement of the geometric structures of the cores (2) in the multi-core optical fiber (1) is characterized by one of: a circularly symmetric linear distribution structure, a circularly symmetric triangular distribution structure, a circularly symmetric tetragonal distribution structure, a circularly symmetric hexagonal structure, or an S shaped distribution structure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113764116A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single optical fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113764116A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single optical fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
| CN113764116B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-11-21 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single-fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
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