CN111123435A - Self-assembly type super-resolution optical probe based on optical fiber tweezers - Google Patents
Self-assembly type super-resolution optical probe based on optical fiber tweezers Download PDFInfo
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- CN111123435A CN111123435A CN201911068023.5A CN201911068023A CN111123435A CN 111123435 A CN111123435 A CN 111123435A CN 201911068023 A CN201911068023 A CN 201911068023A CN 111123435 A CN111123435 A CN 111123435A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
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- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-assembly super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers, which is characterized in that: the optical tweezers comprise a multi-core optical fiber double-optical tweezers system and medium microspheres with two diameters. The multi-core optical fiber is provided with a peripheral fiber core and a middle fiber core which are circularly and symmetrically distributed, and the end of the optical fiber is provided with a symmetrical truncated cone structure, so that capture light beams transmitted in the peripheral fiber core are focused, and double-optical tweezers are formed in the axial direction of the optical fiber and are used for capturing microspheres with two diameters in a cascading manner; the middle fiber core of the multi-core fiber transmits nanometer optical jet illuminating light with short wavelength, the light beam emergent fiber end irradiates on the microspheres captured in a cascading way, and the optical jet with nanometer magnitude dimension is generated through two-stage compression of the microspheres. The invention can be used for optical detection with nanometer resolution and can be widely used in the fields of super-resolution fluorescence detection and imaging.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to a self-assembly super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers, which can be used for generating nano-sized optical jet, breaking through diffraction limit and realizing super-resolution optical illumination and detection, and belongs to the technical field of nano photonics.
(II) background of the invention
During the last decades, different approaches have been tried to overcome the limitations on optical microscopy imaging due to abbe diffraction limit. Several super-resolution optical imaging techniques including scanning near-field optical microscopes, stimulated emission depletion microscopes, metamaterial superlens microscopes, solid immersion lens microscopes, superoscillatory lens microscopes, and the like have been successfully implemented. Although they have good performance, they are expensive, long in preliminary preparation time, and cumbersome in detection method.
The optical nano-fluidic technology based on the microsphere lens is a technology that a light beam is irradiated on a medium microsphere and is compressed to a size smaller than a diffraction limit at one end of the microsphere. The beam waist diameter of the compressed light spot is in the nanometer order, so that the compressed light spot has the spatial resolution in the nanometer order and has high energy density. Therefore, the method has wide application in the technical fields of super-resolution imaging (KRIVITSKY, Leonid A., et al, science reports,2013,3:3501.), nano fluorescence enhancement (LECLER, Sylvain, et al, Photonic jet non-linear optics: example of two-photon fluorescence enhancement by two-photon fluorescence spectroscopy. optics expression, 2007,15.8:4935 and 4942.), Raman scattering enhancement (US2013/0308127A1) and the like.
Since the optical nano-fluidic technology usually uses micron-sized standard media spheres, the media microspheres are just a size range capable of stable capture and manipulation for an optical tweezers system. Therefore, the technology combining the optical tweezers and the optical nano-jet can realize richer application scenes. For example, super-resolution microscopy imaging is achieved using a spatial light modulator to achieve holographic optical tweezers, then by manipulating movement of the particles to achieve 3D scanning of the particles, another beam of light illuminating the globule to generate an optical nano-jet (BOWMAN, Richard; GIBSON, Graham; PADGETT, Miles. particle tracking stereotactic in optical tWeezers: control of trap shape. optics expresses, 2010,18.11: 11785-. In 2010, Romanin Fardel et al used optical tweezers in combination with optical nano-fluidic technology to achieve super-resolution nano-etching processing (FARDEL, Romain, et al. nanoscale opposite optical lithography. applied Physics A,2010,101.1: 41-46.).
However, the above-mentioned systems combining optical tweezers and optical nano-fluidic technology are all based on spatial optical tweezers systems. The space optical tweezers system uses a plurality of precise optical devices, and has complex structure, large optical path volume and high cost. The invention provides a super-resolution optical probe based on optical fiber tweezers, which has extremely high operation flexibility due to the fact that the optical fiber tweezers are based on the optical fiber tweezers, and the cost of an optical fiber tweezers system is much lower than that of a space optical tweezers system.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to provide a self-assembly type super-resolution optical probe which is based on optical tweezers and is convenient to operate.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a self-assembly super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers is composed of a multi-core optical fiber double-optical tweezers system and two medium microspheres with different diameters. The multi-core optical fiber is provided with a peripheral fiber core and a middle fiber core which are circularly and symmetrically distributed, and the end of the optical fiber is provided with a symmetrical truncated cone structure, so that capture light beams transmitted in the peripheral fiber core are focused, and two capture potential wells are formed in the axial direction of the optical fiber and are used for capturing microspheres with two diameters in a cascading manner; the middle fiber core of the multi-core fiber transmits nanometer optical jet illuminating light with short wavelength, the light beam emergent fiber end irradiates on the microspheres captured in a cascading way, and the optical jet with nanometer magnitude dimension is generated through two-stage compression of the microspheres.
The multicore fiber can be provided with a middle fiber core and two circles of a plurality of peripheral fiber cores which are coaxially and symmetrically distributed.
The multicore fiber may have a central core and two coaxially distributed ring cores.
The refractive index of the two dielectric microspheres is between 1.33 and 1.8, because the probe of the invention is more suitable for liquid environment, such as water, and the refractive index of the dielectric microspheres needs to be larger than that of the background environment so as to realize stable capture. However, when the refractive index of the dielectric microsphere is too large, for example, the refractive index is greater than 1.8, the trapping effect of the optical tweezers on the microsphere is not obvious.
The refractive index of the medium microspheres can be uniformly distributed or gradiently distributed. For example, the refractive index of the dielectric microspheres may be such that a linear or Gaussian distribution is satisfied along the radial direction of the microspheres. The gradient distribution refractive index can improve the capture effect of the optical tweezers on the microspheres, and can realize better compression on emergent light beams of the middle fiber core to form optical jet flow with smaller size.
In order to realize two-stage compression of emergent light beams of the middle fiber core, a method of two medium microspheres for cascade capture is adopted. The diameters of the two medium microspheres are different, and the diameter of the medium microsphere close to the end face of the optical fiber is larger than that of the medium microsphere far away from the end face of the optical fiber. The advantages of such a combination are two-fold:
firstly, the invention combines the stable capture effect of the optical tweezers on the microsphere to realize the generation of the nano-optical jet probe, and the refractive index of the microsphere is required to be not too large. In order to break through the diffraction limit and realize the optical jet flow with the sub-wavelength size, the requirement on the refractive index of the microsphere can be reduced by adopting a two-stage microsphere lens compression method.
Secondly, because the diameter of the Gaussian beam emitted by the middle fiber core of the optical fiber is larger, the Gaussian beam is firstly compressed to a small-size beam by the microspheres with larger diameter, and then is compressed again by the microspheres with smaller diameter, so that the nano-optical jet probe is realized, and the energy of the emitted beam of the middle core can be utilized to the maximum.
The middle fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber can transmit light with two wavelengths, the wavelength of one light beam can be the same as that of a captured light beam, the multi-core optical fiber is only used for adjusting the capture positions of two microspheres, and the two-stage compression effect of two microsphere lenses on the middle core light beam can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two microspheres. One is short wavelength light for nanometer optical jet generation, and the shorter wavelength light beam can realize nanometer photon jet in smaller size after being compressed by a microsphere lens.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the technology of combining the optical fiber tweezers is small and flexible, and compared with the super-resolution probe in a space optical tweezers system, the generation of the super-resolution probe is much simpler.
(2) Two-stage compression of emergent light beams of the middle fiber core is realized by adopting a method of cascade capture of two medium microspheres, and space nanometer optical jet flow with sub-wavelength resolution can be realized.
(3) The invention relates to a self-assembly type nano jet flow probe based on optical fiber tweezers, wherein a micro ball lens of the self-assembly type nano jet flow probe can be continuously replaced to adjust the size of nano optical jet flow, the generation of the nano optical jet flow can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of two micro ball lenses, and the assembly has extremely high flexibility.
(IV) description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic end view of a coaxial three-core fiber having a central core and two coaxially disposed annular cores.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a self-assembling super-resolution optical probe based on fiber optical tweezers, in which (a) is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the probe, (b) is an axial sectional view of the probe, and (c) is an enlarged view of a dotted frame in (b).
FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of the light paths of two trapping potential wells formed by reflection focusing of the trapping light beams transmitted in the two annular cores of the coaxial three-core optical fiber in the truncated cone structure.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the force exerted on the fiber axis by polystyrene pellets of 3um and 12um diameter.
FIG. 5 is a graph of simulation results of the formation of nano-optical jet by the Gaussian beam emitted from the middle core after compression by two self-assembled microsphere lenses,
fig. 6 corresponds to the energy distribution plot of the nano-optic jet of fig. 5 at the smallest dimension in the x-direction, and can be seen to have a FWHM of 0.86 λ.
FIG. 7 is a graph of simulation results of the compression effect of a single microsphere lens on an intermediate core exit beam.
Fig. 8 corresponds to the energy distribution plot of the optical jet of fig. 7 at the smallest dimension in the x-direction, and can be seen to have a FWHM of 1.82 λ.
FIG. 9 is a schematic end view of a five-core fiber and a nine-core fiber useful in the present invention, such fibers having a central core and two circumferentially symmetrically disposed cores.
Fig. 10 is a schematic end view of a multicore optical fiber having a two-layer waveguide structure in the middle core.
(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: a super-resolution optical probe based on coaxial dual-ring multi-core fiber.
The structure and principle of the present invention will be described by taking a multi-core optical fiber 1 as shown in fig. 1 as an example. The optical fiber has two coaxially distributed annular cores 1-1, 1-2 and an intermediate core 1-3. At the tip of the optical fiber 1, a rotationally symmetric reflective truncated cone structure 4 is formed by precision grinding, as shown in fig. 2. The two annular fiber cores 1-1 and 1-2 are used for transmitting capture light beams 5-1 and 5-2 of 980nm, are totally reflected on the inclined plane of the truncated cone structure 4 and are converged outside the end face of the optical fiber, two optical potential wells with high energy density are formed in the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the two medium microspheres 2 and 3 can be stably captured. The middle fiber core 1-3 transmits a 532nm single-mode light beam 6, the light beam sequentially passes through the two medium microspheres 2 and 3 after exiting the optical fiber, and is subjected to two-stage convergence compression of the two microspheres to generate a nano-photon jet, and the size of the nano-photon jet is in a sub-wavelength order.
FIG. 3 shows the slicing result of the fiber axial cross-section obtained by simulating the trapped beams 5-1 and 5-2 of the truncated cone structure 4 by finite element analysis simulation. The middle diameters of two annular fiber cores of the optical fiber adopted in the simulation model are respectively 64um and 84um, the wall thickness of each annular fiber core is 4um, the refractive index of each fiber core is 1.4557, the refractive index of each cladding is 1.4507, and water is adopted in the external environment. The refractive index was 1.33. The two microspheres are made of polystyrene and have the refractive index of 1.6, wherein the diameter of the large sphere 2 is 12 microns, the large sphere is positioned at a capture point 1 formed by reflecting and converging transmission beams 5-1 in the outer-layer annular fiber core 1-1, the small sphere 3 is positioned at a capture point 2 formed by reflecting and converging transmission beams 5-2 in the inner-layer annular fiber core 1-2, and the diameter of the small sphere 3 is 3 microns.
Fig. 4 shows the stress conditions of the two simulated pellets in the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the intersection point of the two curves and the x axis, that is, the stress Fz of the pellet is 0, is the stable capture position of the pellet. After the two microspheres are stably captured, the distance between the centers of the two microspheres is 12 um.
FIG. 5 is a simulation of the Gaussian beam compression output by the middle core by two microspheres trapped to form a nanophotonic jet. The wavelength of the middle fiber core light beam is 532nm, compact focused nanometer optical jet is obtained after the compression of the two microspheres, and the partial enlarged view of the light field of the light beam after the secondary compression of the smaller microspheres is shown in the figure 5 (b). Fig. 6 is an energy distribution in the x-direction at the beam waist of the nano-optic jet generated in fig. 5, with a FWHM of 0.86 λ, which has broken the diffraction limit. The optical probe with the characteristic dimension at the sub-wavelength level can realize ultrahigh spatial detection resolution and is widely applied to the fields of super-resolution imaging, single-molecule detection, nano-photoetching processing and the like.
To illustrate the significant effect of two microspheres on the secondary compression of the intermediate core beam, a single microsphere was simulated as a control example. The results are shown in fig. 7 and 8, and the parameters of the single microsphere used in the simulation model are the same as those of the two microsphere examples, the diameter is 12um, and the refractive index is 1.6. As can be seen from fig. 7, the nano-optical jet obtained by compressing only a single microsphere has a relatively loose energy and a relatively large size, and its FWHM is 1.82 λ (as shown in fig. 8).
Example 2:
example 1 shows a multicore fiber having two coaxially arranged ring cores. Indeed, the present invention is not limited to such an optical fiber. Such multicore fibers, as shown in fig. 9 for 5-core fiber 8 (fig. 9(a)) and 9-core fiber 9 (fig. 9(b)), also have a central core, except that the other peripheral cores are located on two coaxially distributed circumferences. The multi-core optical fiber can realize two stable capture potential wells after the symmetrical truncated cone is prepared at the end of the optical fiber, stably capture two medium microspheres, realize the compression of middle fiber core light beams and form a super-resolution nano optical probe.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 10, the middle fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber adopted in the present invention may also be a two-layer waveguide structure, wherein the two outer annular fiber cores function as in the above-mentioned embodiment, the inner fiber core of the middle fiber core is used for transmitting the single-mode short-wavelength light for nano-optical jet generation, the outer layer of the middle fiber core transmits the light beam with the same wavelength as the captured light beam, and is used for adjusting the capturing position of the two microspheres, and the two-stage compression effect of the two microsphere lenses on the middle core light beam can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two microspheres.
Claims (6)
1. A self-assembly super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers is characterized in that: the optical tweezers comprise a multi-core optical fiber double-optical tweezers system and medium microspheres with two diameters. The multi-core optical fiber is provided with a peripheral fiber core and a middle fiber core which are circumferentially and symmetrically distributed, and the end of the optical fiber is provided with a symmetrical truncated cone structure, so that capture light beams transmitted in the peripheral fiber core are focused, and double-optical tweezers are formed in the axial direction of the optical fiber and are used for capturing microspheres with two diameters in a cascading manner; the middle fiber core of the multi-core fiber transmits nanometer optical jet illuminating light with short wavelength, the light beam emergent fiber end irradiates on the microspheres captured in a cascading way, and the optical jet with nanometer magnitude dimension is generated through two-stage compression of the microspheres.
2. The self-assembled super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers of claim 1, wherein: the multicore fiber can be provided with a middle fiber core and two circles of a plurality of peripheral fiber cores which are coaxially and symmetrically distributed.
3. The self-assembled super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers of claim 1, wherein: the multicore fiber may have a central core and two coaxially arranged ring cores.
4. The self-assembled super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers of claim 1, wherein: the refractive index of the two medium microspheres is between 1.33 and 1.8, and the medium microspheres can be medium microspheres with uniform refractive index distribution or microspheres with gradient refractive index distribution.
5. The self-assembled super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers of claim 1, wherein: the diameters of the two medium microspheres are different, and the diameter of the medium microsphere close to the end face of the optical fiber is larger than that of the medium microsphere far away from the end face of the optical fiber.
6. The self-assembled super-resolution optical probe based on optical tweezers of claim 1, wherein: the middle fiber core of the multi-core fiber can transmit light with two wavelengths, one is a power light beam for adjusting the distance between two captured microspheres, and the other is a light beam for generating nano-optical jet.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111103273A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-05-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Optical fiber end super-resolution nano fluorescent microscopic illumination probe |
| CN111653378A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | STED super-resolution microscopic imaging device based on multi-fiber optical tweezers |
| CN111653380A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | STED super-resolution microscopic imaging device based on single-fiber optical tweezers |
| CN112068250A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-12-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Combined optical fiber optical tweezers based on special optical fiber |
| CN112068249A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-12-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Fiber optical tweezers and system based on special optical fiber |
| CN113687470A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single-fiber optical tweezers based on air defect microcavity |
| CN113764116A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single optical fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
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| WO2023193359A1 (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Super-resolution imaging system and imaging method based on micro-bottle lens |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111103273A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-05-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Optical fiber end super-resolution nano fluorescent microscopic illumination probe |
| TWI781627B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-10-21 | 日商日本麥克隆尼股份有限公司 | Optical probe, optical probe array, optical probe card, and method of manufacturing optical probe |
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| CN113687470A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single-fiber optical tweezers based on air defect microcavity |
| CN113764116A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single optical fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
| CN113764116B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-11-21 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Single-fiber optical tweezers based on optical sharp edge diffraction |
| WO2023193359A1 (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-10-12 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Super-resolution imaging system and imaging method based on micro-bottle lens |
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