CN112056559B - 一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112056559B
CN112056559B CN202010773319.3A CN202010773319A CN112056559B CN 112056559 B CN112056559 B CN 112056559B CN 202010773319 A CN202010773319 A CN 202010773319A CN 112056559 B CN112056559 B CN 112056559B
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杨鸿�
徐志高
罗颖
康天灏
张先东
梁浩钊
邓桦
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：1)制备N‑glut‑PE；2)以N‑glut‑PE为原料制备WGA‑PE；3)以WGA‑PE和白术多糖脂质体制备麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体。亲水性的麦胚凝集素不能直接与脂质体相互作用产生结合，选用带有正电荷的PE与WGA偶联，结合带有较多负电荷的脂质体，有利于通过电性作用及疏水键作用将WGA掺人脂质体双分子层，提高脂质体的定位靶向性质，促进修饰后的白术多糖脂质体的肠道吸收。

Description

一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及食品或食料处理技术领域，特别涉及一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体，以及制备该白术多糖脂质体的方法。
背景技术
植物多糖是由许多相同或不同的单糖以α一或β一糖苷键所组成的化合物，普遍存在于自然界植物体中，包括淀粉、纤维素、多聚糖、果胶等。由于植物多糖的来源广泛，不同种的植物多糖的分子构成及分子量各不相同。有些植物多糖如淀粉、纤维素、果胶，早已成为人们日常生活中的重要组成部分。
脂质体(Liposomes)是由卵磷脂和神经酰胺等制得的脂质体(空心)，具有的双分子层结构与皮肤细胞膜结构相同，对皮肤有优良的保湿作用，尤其是包敷了保湿物质如透明质酸、聚葡糖苷等的脂质体是更优秀的保湿性物质。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题，提供一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体的制备方法，以解决现有技术中所存在的一个或多个技术问题，至少提供一种有益的选择或创造条件。
一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)取PE(磷脂酰乙醇胺)溶于氯仿中，加入戊二酸酐、吡啶后于室温反应，反应液过硅胶柱(1.0cm×25cm)，用氯仿-甲醇混合液洗脱，收集并干燥中间产物N-glut-PE；
2)向制得的N-glut-PE加入DMSO(二甲基亚砜)和NaCl溶液，超声处理后用HCl调至pH 3.5，加入EDCI(1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐)、WGA(麦胚凝集素)反应，得WGA-PE；
3)取白术多糖脂质体混悬液加入WGA-PE的PBS溶液，孵化即得。
进一步，步骤1)用于洗脱的氯仿-甲醇混合液的质量比为9:1，洗脱流速为1ml/min。经氯仿-甲醇混合液洗脱后通过旋蒸干燥获得中间产物N-glut-PE。
进一步，步骤2)所添加的WGA是将WGA溶于Tris-HCl制备成40mg/ml的溶液。
进一步，步骤2)制得的WGA-PE经过分离纯化，所述分离纯化的步骤包括：过硅胶柱(1.0cm×25cm)，用质量比为4:1:1的丁醇-乙酸-水混合液洗脱，然后以流动水透析，再用PBS缓冲液透析，收集透析内液即为WGA-PE纯品。
其中，步骤1)和步骤2)的产物分别经过TLC检测。步骤1)产物的TLC检测与PE对照品比较，使用质量比4:1的氯仿-甲醇混合液作为展开剂，碘蒸气、0.2％水合茚三酮溶液分别显色。步骤2)产物的TLC检测与WGA及N-glut-PE对照品比较，使用质量比4:1:1的丁醇-乙酸-水的混合液作为展开剂，碘蒸气显色。
进一步，步骤3)所述孵化是在0～4℃的温度下孵化至少3h。步骤3)所使用的白术多糖脂质体由以下步骤制得：
a)按质量比12:1:8称取磷脂、胆固醇、白术多糖溶于适量乙醇中作为油相；
b)用注射器吸取适量油相，缓慢匀速地注入到PBS缓冲溶液的液面下；
c)将注有油相的PBS缓冲溶液在60℃下以每分钟700转的速度搅拌，持续至有机溶剂挥发后，即得白术多糖脂质体。
本发明与现有技术相比具有优点：
亲水性的麦胚凝集素不能直接与脂质体相互作用产生结合，选用带有正电荷的磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)与麦胚凝集素(WGA)偶联，结合带有较多负电荷的脂质体，有利于通过电性作用及疏水键作用将WGA掺人脂质体双分子层，提高脂质体的定位靶向性质，促进修饰后的白术多糖脂质体的肠道吸收。
附图说明
图1是实施例5所述葡萄糖标准品标准曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明，但是本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1，白术多糖脂质体的制备
精密称取磷脂300mg、胆固醇25mg、白术多糖200mg于烧杯中并用35mL的乙醇溶解作为油相备用。用注射器吸取适量全部溶解的油相，缓慢匀速的将油相注入到水相PBS液面下。将盛有10mL PBS缓冲溶液的烧杯放到(60℃，700roll/min)磁力搅拌器上，持续至有机溶剂挥发后，即得白术多糖脂质体。
实施例2，WGA-PE(麦胚凝集素-磷脂酰乙醇胺)的合成
PE样品60mg溶于氯仿6ml中，加入戊二酸酐100mg、吡啶15μl后于室温反应5h。反应液过硅胶柱(1.0cm×25cm)，用氯仿-甲醇(90:10)洗脱，流速1ml/min，收集5ml/管。TLC检测[展开剂：氯仿-甲醇(4:1)，碘蒸气、0.2％水合茚三酮溶液分别显色]，结果与PE对照品比较。收集中间产物戊二酰磷脂酰乙醇胺(N-glut-PE)，旋转蒸干溶剂得样品。
取N-glut-PE 20mg，加入DMSO(二甲基亚砜)450μl和0.15mol/L NaCl溶液2ml，超声处理15s，用1mol/L HCl调至pH 3.5，加入EDCI(1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺盐酸盐)30mg、40mg/ml WGA的Tris-HCl溶液2ml，冰浴搅拌反应24h。TLC检测[展开剂：丁醇-乙酸-水(4∶1∶1)，碘蒸气显色]，以WGA及N-glut-PE为对照，至反应体系中WGA斑点完全消失，得WGA-PE粗品。
实施例3，WGA-PE的分离纯化
WGA-PE粗品过硅胶柱(1.0cm×25cm)，用丁醇-乙酸-水(4∶1∶1)洗脱，流速1ml/min，收集5ml/管。分别以N-glut-PE和WGA为对照，TLC检测[展开剂：丁醇-乙酸-水(4∶1∶1)，碘蒸气显色]，结果与N-glut-PE和WGA进行比较。收集产物，用流动水透析过夜，再用0.05mol/L PBS缓冲液(pH7.0)透析48h。收集透析内液，冻干即得WGA-PE纯品。
实施例4，凝集素修饰脂质体的制备
取白术多糖脂质体混悬液3ml加入3ml WGA-PE的PBS溶液(含WGA 40mg，PE10mg)，0～4℃孵化3h，即得。
实施例5，包封率的测定
(1)葡萄糖标准液的配制：取葡萄糖样品100mg，在烧杯中溶解后，移至100mL的容量瓶中，并定容至刻度，即得1mg/mL葡萄糖储备液。再将葡萄糖储备液稀释成质量浓度为10、20、30、40、50μg/mL葡萄糖标准液。
(2)葡萄糖标准曲线的绘制：取6根比色皿，第1根比色皿加入2mL的超纯水，2-5根比色皿分别加入10、20、30、40、50μg/mL葡萄糖标准液2mL，然后每根比色皿中加入1mL 5％的苯酚溶液和5mL浓硫酸，摇匀静止5min，在490nm处测其吸光值，以葡萄糖的吸光度为横坐标，葡萄糖浓度为纵坐标，建立如图1所示的直角坐标系，得回归直线方程。
(3)取2mL麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体于2mL离心管中，14000r/min超速离心15min，取上清液0.5mL于25mL容量瓶中，并定容至刻度，取2mL稀释液于比色皿中，然后向每根比色皿中加入1mL 5％的苯酚溶液和5mL浓硫酸，摇匀静止5min，在490nm处测其吸光值，将吸光值代入葡萄糖标准品的回归方程，通过计算得游离药物的量，通过公式计算麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体的包封率：
包封率＝(1-Cf/Ct)×100％
注：Cf为游离药物的量，Ct为脂质体中药物总量。
白术多糖脂质体在490nm测得吸光度为0.747，代入葡萄糖标准品回归方程计算包封率为81％。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是本发明不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）取PE溶于氯仿中，加入戊二酸酐、吡啶后于室温反应，反应液过硅胶柱，用氯仿-甲醇混合液洗脱，通过旋蒸收集并干燥中间产物N-glut-PE；所述氯仿-甲醇混合液的质量比为9:1；所述氯仿-甲醇混合液的洗脱流速为1 mL/min；产物的TLC检测与PE对照品比较，使用质量比4:1的氯仿-甲醇混合液作为展开剂，碘蒸气、0.2%水合茚三酮溶液分别显色；
2）向制得的N-glut-PE加入DMSO 和NaCl溶液，超声处理后用HCl调至pH 3.5，加入EDCI、WGA反应，得WGA-PE；添加的所述WGA制备成40mg/ml的Tris-HCl溶液；制得的WGA-PE经过分离纯化，所述分离纯化的步骤包括：过硅胶柱，用质量比为4:1:1的丁醇-乙酸-水混合液洗脱，然后以流动水透析，再用PBS缓冲液透析，收集透析内液即为WGA-PE纯品；产物的TLC检测与WGA及N-glut-PE对照品比较，使用质量比4:1:1的丁醇-乙酸-水的混合液作为展开剂，碘蒸气显色；
3）取白术多糖脂质体混悬液加入WGA-PE的PBS溶液，在0~4℃的温度下孵化至少3h，即得；
所述白术多糖脂质体由以下步骤制得：
a）按质量比12:1:8称取磷脂、胆固醇、白术多糖溶于适量乙醇中作为油相；
b）用注射器吸取适量油相，缓慢匀速地注入到PBS缓冲溶液的液面下；
c）将注有油相的PBS缓冲溶液在60℃下以每分钟700转的速度搅拌，持续至有机溶剂挥发后，即得白术多糖脂质体；
步骤1）和步骤2）的产物分别经过TLC检测。
2.一种麦胚凝集素修饰白术多糖脂质体，其特征在于，由权利要求1所述制备方法制得。
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