Litchi stone removing device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural instruments, in particular to a litchi stone removing device and a litchi stone removing method.
Background
The largest litchi country and producing country in the world are China, the litchi yield accounts for more than 70% of the world, and the longan yield accounts for more than 50% of the world. Litchi is a typical seasonal fruit, and is characterized in that the ripening period is concentrated and takes on an explosive form, the preservation period is short, the phenomenon of over supply and over demand is easily caused in the ripening period, the enthusiasm of fruit growers can be attacked, and the negative influence can be caused to the whole industry. Therefore, the mechanical processing equipment is necessary to remove the cores of the temporarily redundant litchis and process the litchis into litchis cans and the like so as to relieve the condition of sluggish pins in the mature period of the litchis. The method is mainly characterized in that litchi is denucleated and made into a can by a simple tool in a manual mode, but the method has the defects of low efficiency, insufficient cleanness and sanitation for denucleation, high working strength and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a litchi stone removing device and a litchi stone removing method. The method can efficiently and quickly remove the cores of the litchis and has the advantage of simple operation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a litchi stone removing device comprises a frame body, wherein a driving motor is arranged on the frame body, the output end of the driving motor is connected with a rotating shaft through a coupler, a plurality of eccentric wheels are arranged on the rotating shaft, and a push rod device is connected onto the eccentric wheels; the frame body is provided with a plurality of separating components matched with the corresponding push rod devices; the separation assembly comprises a first placing table fixed on the surface of the frame body, and a feeding channel is arranged on the first placing table; a denucleation channel is formed in the side face of the first placing table, and an annular first elastic ring is arranged at a channel opening at one end of the denucleation channel; the denucleation channel is communicated with the feeding channel; the separation assembly further comprises a second placing table fixed on one side of the first placing table, and a pulp collecting channel is arranged at a gap between the second placing table and the first placing table; a separation channel is arranged on the second placing table, a second elastic ring is arranged at a channel opening of the separation channel close to the denucleation channel, and the ring opening of the second elastic ring is smaller than that of the first elastic ring; a kernel collecting channel is arranged at the other channel opening of the separation channel; the push rod device performs reciprocating linear motion in the denucleation channel and the separation channel.
According to the litchi stone removing device, the push rod device comprises a piston rod connected with the eccentric wheel, and a spring is sleeved on the piston rod; a circumferential groove is formed in the middle of the circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel, and inwards concave tracks are arranged on two sides of the circumferential groove; the end part of the piston rod is provided with a first connecting block, and the end surface of the first connecting block is abutted against the circumferential groove; the two sides of the first connecting block are provided with rollers matched with the track; a limiting sleeve is arranged in the denucleation channel, an inlet is formed in the limiting sleeve, and the inlet is positioned below the feeding channel; the piston rod passes through the limiting sleeve to perform reciprocating linear motion; one end of the spring is connected with the end face of the first connecting block, and the other end of the spring is connected with the end face of the limiting sleeve.
According to the litchi stone removing device, the second connecting block is arranged above the first connecting block and connected with the Z-shaped first connecting rod, the first placing table is provided with two convex blocks, the convex blocks are provided with the limit baffle in a sliding mode, and the end portions of the limit baffle extend into the feeding channel through the through holes; the first placing table is also provided with an installation part, a first rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the installation part, a second connecting rod is arranged on the first rotating rod, and a first strip-shaped hole and a second strip-shaped hole are respectively arranged at two ends of the second connecting rod; a second rotating rod penetrates through the first strip-shaped hole in a sliding mode, and the second rotating rod is fixedly connected with the limit baffle; and a third rotating rod is arranged in the second strip-shaped hole in a penetrating manner in a sliding manner and is fixedly connected with the end part of the first connecting rod.
According to the litchi seed removing device, the first elastic ring and the second elastic ring are made of rubber.
According to the litchi seed removing device, 2 push rod devices are connected with each eccentric wheel and are symmetrically distributed.
According to the litchi seed removing device, the blanking baffle plate positioned between the first elastic ring and the second elastic ring is arranged above the pulp collecting channel.
In the method for removing the pits of the litchi pit device, the peeled litchi enters the pit removing channel through the feeding channel, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the coupler, the rotating shaft drives the eccentric wheel to rotate around the deflection center of the eccentric wheel, so that the push rod device pushes the litchi out of the pit removing channel, the litchi is centered after the elasticity of the first elastic ring is overcome, the push rod device is partially penetrated into the flesh and is contacted with the fruit core, then the flesh is contacted with the second elastic ring along with the forward movement of the push rod device, under the elastic action of the second elastic ring, the pulp is blocked and the stone is pushed out by the push rod device, the pushed-out stone falls into the stone collecting channel to be collected, the pulp is hung on the push rod device in a penetrating way, and when the push rod device returns, the pulp is unloaded from the push rod device and falls into the pulp collecting channel for collection under the reverse elastic action of the first elastic ring.
According to the core removing method of the litchi core removing device, the quantity limiting baffle is matched with the eccentric wheel, the quantity limiting baffle is matched with the push rod device by utilizing the rotation of the first connecting rod, when the push rod device pushes the core to be removed forwards, the quantity limiting baffle leaves the blanking pipe groove, and the next litchi to be core removed falls to the upper surface of the push rod device; when the push rod device retreats, the limiting baffle is inserted into the feeding channel, litchi on the upper surface of the limiting baffle in the feeding channel is prevented from falling, only one litchi on the upper surface of the push rod device is allowed to fall into the coring channel, coring is realized one by one, and damage to the litchi is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the peeled litchis enter the denucleation channel through the feeding channel, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the coupler, the rotating shaft drives the eccentric wheel to rotate around the deflection center of the eccentric wheel, so that the push rod device pushes the litchis out of the denucleation channel, the litchi is centered after the elasticity of the first elastic ring is overcome, the push rod device is partially penetrated into the flesh and is contacted with the fruit core, then the flesh is contacted with the second elastic ring along with the forward movement of the push rod device, under the elastic action of the second elastic ring, the pulp is blocked and the stone is pushed out by the push rod device, the pushed-out stone falls into the stone collecting channel to be collected, the pulp is hung on the push rod device in a penetrating way, and when the push rod device returns, the pulp is unloaded from the push rod device and falls into the pulp collecting channel for collection under the reverse elastic action of the first elastic ring. From this, drive a plurality of eccentric wheels through a pivot and rotate the effect that can denucleate to the litchi, reach and realize high-efficient quick, easy operation's purpose. In addition, the structure of the eccentric wheel and the push rod device is optimized, so that the connection between the push rod device and the eccentric wheel is more reliable, and the reciprocating linear motion of the push rod device is more stable. The single eccentric wheel can be connected with two push rod devices, so that the working efficiency is higher. The quantity-limiting baffle is matched with the eccentric wheel, the quantity-limiting baffle is matched with the push rod device by utilizing the rotation of the first connecting rod, when the push rod device pushes forwards to remove the core, the quantity-limiting baffle leaves the blanking pipe groove, and the next litchi to be subjected to core removal falls to the upper surface of the push rod device; when the push rod device retreats, the limiting baffle is inserted into the feeding channel, litchi on the upper surface of the limiting baffle in the feeding channel is prevented from falling, only one litchi on the upper surface of the push rod device is allowed to fall into the coring channel, coring is realized one by one, and damage to the litchi is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pusher assembly and the separator assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an eccentric wheel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a coring channel configuration on a first placement stage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fractionating passage on the second placing table;
FIG. 6 is a schematic bottom perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the push rod device.
Reference numerals:
1. a frame body; 2. a drive motor; 3. a coupling; 4. a rotating shaft; 5. an eccentric wheel; 6. a push rod device; 7. a separation assembly; 8. a first placing table; 9. a feed channel; 10. a denucleation channel; 11. a first elastic ring; 12. a second placing table; 13. a pulp collection channel; 14. a separation channel; 15. a second elastic ring; 16. a kernel collection channel; 17. a piston rod; 18. a spring; 19. a circumferential groove; 20. a track; 21. a first connection block; 22. a roller; 23. a second connecting block; 24. a first link; 25. a convex block; 26. a limit baffle; 27. a through hole; 28. a mounting member; 29. a first rotating lever; 30. a second connecting rod; 31. a first bar-shaped hole; 32. a second bar-shaped hole; 33. a second rotating rod; 34. a third rotating rod; 35. a blanking baffle; 36. a limiting sleeve; 37. and (4) an inlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example (b): a litchi stone removing device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a frame body 1, wherein a driving motor 2 is arranged on the frame body 1, the output end of the driving motor 2 is connected with a rotating shaft 4 through a coupler 3, and the rotating shaft 4 is installed on the upper surface of the frame body 1 through a bearing seat; 2 eccentric wheels 5 are arranged on the rotating shaft 4, 2 push rod devices 6 are connected to the eccentric wheels 5, the push rod devices 6 are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the eccentric wheels 5, and in the rotating process of the eccentric wheels 5, one push rod device 6 moves forwards, and the other push rod device returns; as shown in fig. 2-4, the push rod device 6 includes a piston rod 17 connected to the eccentric wheel 5, and a spring 18 is sleeved on the piston rod 17; a circumferential groove 19 is formed in the middle of the circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel 5, and concave tracks 20 are arranged on two sides of the circumferential groove 19; a first connecting block 21 is arranged at the end part of the piston rod 17, and the end surface of the first connecting block 21 is abutted against the circumferential groove 19; two sides of the first connecting block 21 are provided with rollers 22 matched with the track 20; the piston rod 17 is more stable when the eccentric wheel 5 rotates by the way that the roller 22 rolls in the track 20; a limiting sleeve 36 is arranged in the denucleation channel 10, an inlet 37 is formed in the limiting sleeve 36, and the inlet 37 is used for receiving litchis; the piston rod 17 passes through the limiting sleeve 36 to perform reciprocating linear motion, and the limiting sleeve 36 can limit the piston rod 17 to prevent eccentricity; one end of the spring 18 is connected with the end face of the first connecting block 21, the other end of the spring is connected with the end face of the limiting sleeve 36, and the spring 18 is used for resetting, so that the overall flexibility is improved; 4 separating components 7 matched with the corresponding push rod devices 6 are arranged on the frame body 1; the separation assembly 7 comprises a first placing table 8 fixed on the surface of the frame body 1, and the first placing table 8 is installed through a fixing block bolt; a feeding channel 9 is arranged on the first placing table 8, and an inlet 37 of a limiting sleeve 36 is arranged below the feeding channel 9; a denucleation channel 10 is formed in the side face of the first placing table 8, an annular first elastic ring 11 is arranged at a channel opening at one end of the denucleation channel 10, and the first elastic ring 11 is a non-toxic rubber ring; the denucleation channel 10 is communicated with the feeding channel 9; as shown in fig. 5-6, the separating assembly 7 further includes a second placing table 12 fixed on one side of the first placing table 8, a pulp collecting channel 13 is provided at a gap between the second placing table 12 and the first placing table 8, and a blanking baffle 35 located between the first elastic ring 11 and the second elastic ring 15 is provided above the pulp collecting channel 13 to prevent the pulp from scattering; the second placing table 12 is provided with a separation channel 14, a second elastic ring 15 is arranged at the position, close to the channel opening of the denucleation channel 10, of the separation channel 14, the second elastic ring 15 is also a non-toxic rubber ring, the ring opening of the second elastic ring 15 is smaller than that of the first elastic ring 11, and the structure is designed to be matched with the diameters of kernels and pulp; a kernel collecting channel 16 is arranged at the other channel opening of the separation channel 14; the pusher device 6 performs a reciprocating linear movement within the coring channel 10 and the separation channel 14.
The invention utilizes the denucleation method of the litchi denucleation device, the peeled litchi enters the denucleation channel 10 through the feeding channel 9, the motor drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate through the coupler 3, the rotating shaft 4 rotates to drive the eccentric wheel 5 to rotate around the deflection center of the eccentric wheel, so that the piston rod 17 of the push rod device 6 pushes the litchi out of the limiting sleeve 36 in the denucleation channel 10, the centering on the litchi is realized after the elastic force of the first elastic ring 11 at the channel opening of the denucleation channel 10 is overcome, the piston rod 17 of the push rod device 6 is locally penetrated into the pulp and contacted with the kernel, then the pulp is contacted with the second elastic ring 15 along with the forward movement of the piston rod 17, the pulp is blocked by the kernel and pushed out by the push rod device 6 under the elastic action of the second elastic ring 15, the pushed-out kernel falls into the kernel collection channel 16 to be collected, and the pulp is hung on the piston rod 17, when the piston rod 17 returns, the pulp is discharged from the piston rod 17 and falls into the pulp collection channel 13 for collection under the reverse elasticity of the first elastic ring 11. Therefore, the invention realizes the stoning effect on litchis by driving the eccentric wheels 5 to rotate through the rotating shaft 4, and achieves the purposes of high efficiency, high speed and simple operation.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, a second connecting block 23 is arranged above the first connecting block 21, the second connecting block 23 is connected with a first connecting rod 24 in a zigzag shape, two convex blocks 25 are arranged on the first placing table 8, a limiting baffle 26 is slidably arranged on the convex blocks 25, and the end of the limiting baffle 26 extends into the feeding channel 9 through a through hole 27; the first placing table 8 is further provided with a mounting part 28, the mounting part 28 is rotatably provided with a first rotating rod 29, the first rotating rod 29 is provided with a second connecting rod 30, and two ends of the second connecting rod 30 are respectively provided with a first strip-shaped hole 31 and a second strip-shaped hole 32; a second rotating rod 33 penetrates through the first strip-shaped hole 31 in a sliding mode, and the second rotating rod 33 is fixedly connected with the limit baffle 26; a third rotating rod 34 is slidably arranged in the second strip-shaped hole 32 in a penetrating manner, and the third rotating rod 34 is fixedly connected with the end part of the first connecting rod 24. The quantity-limiting baffle 26 is matched with the eccentric wheel 5, the quantity-limiting baffle 26 is matched with the push rod device 6 by utilizing the rotation of the first connecting rod, when the push rod device 6 pushes forwards to remove the cores, the quantity-limiting baffle 26 leaves the blanking pipe groove, and the next litchi to be subjected to core removal falls to the upper surface of the push rod device 6; when the push rod device 6 retreats, limit quantity baffle 26 inserts in feedstock channel 9, prevents the litchi of limiting quantity baffle 26 upper surface in feedstock channel 9 whereabouts, only lets a litchi of push rod device 6 upper surface drop to denucleate in the passageway 10 that denucleates, realizes denucleating one by one, reduces the litchi damage.
The working principle is as follows:
the peeled litchis enter the denucleation channel 10 through the feeding channel 9, the motor drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate through the coupler 3, the rotating shaft 4 rotates to drive the eccentric wheel 5 to rotate around the deflection center of the eccentric wheel, so that the piston rod 17 of the push rod device 6 pushes the litchis out of the limiting sleeve 36 in the denucleation channel 10, after the elastic force of the first elastic ring 11 at the channel opening of the denucleation channel 10 is overcome, the center of the litchis is realized, the piston rod 17 of the push rod device 6 is locally penetrated into the litchis and is contacted with the litchis, then the litchis are contacted with the second elastic ring 15 along with the forward movement of the piston rod 17, under the elastic action of the second elastic ring 15, the litchis are blocked, the litchis are ejected out by the push rod device 6, the ejected litchis fall into the litchis collecting channel 16 to be collected, the litchis are hung on the piston rod 17, and when the piston rod 17 returns, the litchis are under the reverse elastic action of the first elastic ring 11, is removed from the piston rod 17 and falls into the pulp collection channel 13 for collection.