CN112042818A - Feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep and production method thereof - Google Patents

Feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112042818A
CN112042818A CN202011099177.3A CN202011099177A CN112042818A CN 112042818 A CN112042818 A CN 112042818A CN 202011099177 A CN202011099177 A CN 202011099177A CN 112042818 A CN112042818 A CN 112042818A
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parts
feed
powder
raw materials
fat
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张金辉
于叶娜
张东
王朝军
张弘
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Inner Mongolia Qingqing Grassland Animal Husbandry Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia Qingqing Grassland Animal Husbandry Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention discloses a feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 4-10 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 3-6 parts of rice hull powder, 3-8 parts of beet pulp, 3-8 parts of sunflower meal, 0-5 parts of linseed cake, 5-9 parts of soybean meal, 3-8 parts of dry white spirit grains, 5-13 parts of corn germ meal, 33-39 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of bran, 1-2 parts of molasses, 1-3 parts of fat powder and 5 parts of premixed feed. The invention also discloses a production method of the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat symptom of the fattening sheep, which comprises the steps of raw material preparation and mixing forming. According to the generation mechanism of the fat disease of the fattening sheep, the raw material proportion required in the feed is reasonably designed and matched, especially the basic raw materials which influence the generation of the fat disease of the fattening sheep, such as white melon seed peel, sesame seed cake, dried white wine lees, corn, bran, soybean oil and other raw materials with high fat content are reasonably proportioned, and especially the raw materials with high unsaturated fatty acid content effectively prevent the fat disease of the fattening sheep.

Description

Feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep and production method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a feed and a production method thereof, in particular to a feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep and a production method thereof.
Background art:
with the change of the sheep breeding mode, breeding districts and large-scale farms develop rapidly, the number of farms (households) for drylot feeding sheep to fatten in a short period is increased, in order to seek faster growth speed and slaughter yield, the feeding time of fattening sheep is too long, the growth rule of sheep is destroyed due to feeding of high-energy and high-protein feed, the sheep are grazing animals, in order to achieve the purpose of rapid growth of sheep, concentrate is added in the later fattening period, the proportion of concentrate such as corn, peanut cakes and soybean oil is too high, the proportion of coarse feed such as peanut seedlings is insufficient, so that the nutrient intake of the fattening sheep is seriously unbalanced, the addition amount of energy feed raw materials such as corn is more than 60 parts of total mixed ration in the later fattening period of one half a month before slaughtering, even reaches nearly 70 parts, and when the fattening sheep do not reach the ideal goal of corn feeding, a lot of people additionally add soybean oil, peanut cakes and the like, peanut cakes and soybean oil contain a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids and are easy to oxidize, so that more and more problems are caused, the rumination function is reduced, rumens are in a sub-healthy state, the digestive metabolism of sheep is in a problem, the in-vivo metabolism is abnormal due to long-term overnutrition, the secretion and metabolism of bile are abnormal due to the occurrence of fatty liver and liver function abnormality, biliary tract blockage is caused, the bile is directly absorbed into blood to cause jaundice, the adiposis is easy to generate and the like, breeding batches with serious morbidity are likely to exceed 5 parts and even have higher proportion, after some fattening sheep are slaughtered, the carcass is pale red, after 10 minutes (some fattening sheep are blown by wind), the carcass is changed into yellow wax, like diseased sheep (commonly called as yellow goat disease), restaurants and meat shops are disliked, and many slaughter houses are pressed to buy and even refuse, and the economic benefit of fattening farmers is influenced.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide the mutton sheep full-mixed pellet feed which is convenient for fattening farmers to feed, has comprehensive nutrition, high daily gain of mutton sheep and high slaughter yield, and simultaneously greatly reduces the occurrence of fat obesity and the formula thereof.
The first purpose of the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme:
the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 4-10 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 3-6 parts of rice hull powder, 3-8 parts of beet pulp, 3-8 parts of sunflower meal, 0-5 parts of linseed cake, 5-9 parts of soybean meal, 3-8 parts of dry white spirit grains, 5-13 parts of corn germ meal, 33-39 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of bran, 1-2 parts of molasses, 1-3 parts of fat powder and 5 parts of premixed feed.
Further, the premixed feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
Further, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 8 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 4 parts of rice hull powder, 5 parts of beet pulp, 5 parts of sunflower pulp, 3 parts of linseed cake, 6 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of dried white spirit vinasse, 8 parts of corn germ meal, 36 parts of corn, 3 parts of bran, 2 parts of fat powder, 1 part of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a production method of the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep.
The second purpose of the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a production method of feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: selecting raw materials without mildew and peculiar smell, passing quality standard inspection of QJ-01-2020, putting into a raw material warehouse, crushing, and respectively feeding into respective raw material bins;
2) mixing and forming: the raw materials are proportionally fed into a mixer to be mixed, the mixture is uniformly mixed and then fed into a feed particle pressing machine, steam is introduced, the mixture is granulated under the processing technology standard that the steam pressure is 0.38-0.42MPa, the temperature is 78-80 ℃ and the diameter of a ring die is 6-8mm, and after cooling and drying, the powder content is detected to be less than 5 wt%, and the water content is detected to be less than 12 wt%, so that the finished feed is obtained.
Further, in the step 2) mixing and forming, the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value of each component in the raw material mixture is considered to be uniformly mixed, wherein the ratio is less than 5%.
Now, the reasons for the occurrence of several common metabolic type adiposis lamb diseases summarized in the actual work are introduced as follows:
1. the feed has high copper content, and has the effects of heavy liver burden, increased bile secretion, and yellow fat color. The method is commonly used in farmers who add pig feed to fattening sheep for fattening or conditioning, and because high copper has a fattening effect and copper oxide is a black coloring agent after oxidation, the high copper added in the pig feed can achieve the effects of fast growth and blackening of excrement, so that the goat farmers can feel that pigs are well digested and fully digested, and the pig feed is also added in the sheep feed to obtain the effect of raising the pigs. The sheep livers are not elastic, hard and crisp in clinical anatomy; some people turn green and the gallbladder is enlarged. Therefore, the addition amount of copper sulfate is reduced in the premix at the later fattening stage.
2. In the later fattening period, as the addition amount of concentrate is increased, in order to prevent rumen acidosis and increase water drinking amount, the addition amounts of salt and sodium bicarbonate in daily ration are increased, so that sodium ions in organisms are too high, potassium and sodium ions are unbalanced, negative pressure is generated by cell wall osmotic pressure, the sheep are more drunk by high salt amount, cells are full, sheep appearance is vacuous and fat, water flows out along with blood and subcutaneous after slaughter, actual carcass weight is smaller than sense organ, meat loses water in a short period, and meat color turns yellow. If the fish is placed in a cold storage for quick freezing, the color can be restored to normal color, which is not pathological yellow fat disease.
3. If the concentrate feeding amount is too large and the adding proportion of the baking soda is low in the later fattening period, the rumen produces too large acid which enters blood after being absorbed by stomach and intestinal wall, so that the acidosis of the body is caused, the detoxification work of the liver is intensified, and the bile secretion is increased; the kidney and the urethra discharge weak acid urine for a long time, inflammation and urine retention are caused by stimulation, and partial urine is penetrated into the subcutaneous part, so that the yellow goat disease is easily caused.
4. Chronic cumulative toxicities such as urea, like high copper causes, are jaundice caused by liver and gallbladder dysfunction. Therefore, non-protein nitrogen raw materials such as slow-release urea and ammonium chloride which are conventionally used by other sheep feed enterprises are not added in the later fattening period, particularly in summer and hot weather, if the non-protein nitrogen raw materials are added, the non-protein nitrogen raw materials are easily released under the insolation of sunlight to generate irritating bad smell, and the fattening sheep are very sensitive to smell and have reduced food refusal or food consumption.
5. The fattening time is too long, the proportion of soybean oil is too high, subcutaneous fat is deposited and mostly consists of unsaturated fatty acid, and the mutton fat is thin and soft and is easy to oxidize and turn yellow. If the soybean oil is deteriorated by oxygen, the deterioration is more serious.
6. The essential material has single raw material composition, or a large amount of high-fat and easily-rancid raw materials such as corn, rice bran meal, melon seed peel, sesame cake, dried white spirit vinasse, corn and bran are fed for a long time, so that the VE consumption in the organism is greatly increased, the VE content in the organism is reduced, and the combined action of the deficiency of other antioxidants causes the deposition of acid-resistant pigment in fat tissue, and the fat tissue forms a brown or yellow non-qualitative unsaturated superimposed corpuscle to promote the production of fat. Therefore, we need to limit or comprehensively use the addition amount of the raw materials reasonably, and attach importance to and strengthen the antioxidant function of animal bodies and feed.
7. The quality of concentrated feed or forage grass is very critical, ruminants are very sensitive to aflatoxin, the aflatoxin has serious damage to livers, and if the content of the aflatoxin in the feed is high, the fat of fattening sheep is also easy to be yellowish.
8. The feed contains many carotene or yellow pigment, and the fat is yellow by the vegetable yellow agent after metabolism. For example, the corn is fed at a high proportion or the corn protein powder, the cottonseed meal, the tomato skin and the like are fed.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention reasonably designs and matches the raw material proportion required in the feed according to the occurrence mechanism of the yellow fat disease, and particularly reasonably matches the basic raw materials which influence the occurrence of the yellow fat disease, such as the raw materials with high fat content, such as white melon seed peel, sesame seed cake, dried white wine lees, corn, bran and the like, and especially the raw materials with high unsaturated fatty acid content. In addition, the rumen bypass fat powder is used in the invention, so that the energy level of the feed can be improved, and the effect is prominent particularly in summer.
2. According to the invention, the yeast which is a main raw material influencing the occurrence of the yellow fat disease is added in the formula of the premix, so that the most widely used probiotics in ruminant nutrition are provided, the rumen flora is adjusted, rich nutrition is provided for rumen probiotics, the rumen probiotics are propagated vigorously, the produced mycoprotein is easier to digest and absorb by organisms, and the yeast generates a large amount of B vitamins after being propagated and metabolized in rumen, so that the premix is beneficial to enhancing the digestion function of the organisms, and meanwhile, the addition of VB1 is increased. Rumen bypass choline chloride promotes fat metabolism and reduces the production of fatty liver. The fattening sheep is very sensitive to copper element and is easy to cause the accumulation and poisoning of organisms, so the addition amount of copper sulfate in the premix is specially adjusted to be low. In addition, the addition amount of sodium selenite and an antioxidant is increased, and simultaneously, 50% of vitamin E in DSM multivitamin is additionally added, so that the antioxidation function of the feed is emphasized. The usage amount of salt and baking soda is increased, and the risk of rumen acidosis increased by the proportion of concentrate in the later fattening period is better prevented; the addition and fine adjustment of the components can effectively prevent the yellow fat disease of the fattening sheep.
3. The full mixed pellet feed for mutton sheep is convenient to feed, comprehensive in nutrition, good in palatability, high in uniformity after sheep are fed by sheep groups, capable of meeting the requirement of growing and developing of 90-120 jin of fattening sheep, and convenient for farmers to select, purchase, transport and store.
4. The feed formula reasonably utilizes local agricultural and sideline product leftovers, sunflower seed peel powder, pumpkin seed peel powder, rice hull powder and the like, changes waste into valuable, reduces the feed raw material cost, and makes a certain contribution to increasing the income of farmers and protecting the grassland ecology.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 8 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 4 parts of rice hull powder, 5 parts of beet pulp, 5 parts of sunflower pulp, 3 parts of linseed cake, 6 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of dried white spirit vinasse, 8 parts of corn germ meal, 36 parts of corn, 3 parts of bran, 2 parts of fat powder, 1 part of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
The premixed feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant ethoxyquin and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
Example 2:
the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 9 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 5 parts of rice hull powder, 6 parts of beet pulp, 4 parts of sunflower pulp, 3 parts of linseed cake, 5 parts of bean pulp, 3 parts of dry white spirit lees, 12 parts of corn germ meal, 35 parts of corn, 4 parts of bran, 2 parts of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
The premixed feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant ethoxyquin and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
Example 3:
the feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 5 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 5 parts of rice hull powder, 8 parts of beet pulp, 6 parts of sunflower pulp, 4 parts of linseed cake, 9 parts of bean pulp, 3 parts of dry white spirit lees, 6 parts of corn germ meal, 38 parts of corn, 4 parts of bran, 1 part of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
The premixed feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant ethoxyquin and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
Example 4:
feed was produced using the formulations of examples 1-3, comprising the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: selecting raw materials without mildew and peculiar smell, passing quality standard inspection of QJ-01-2020, entering a raw material warehouse, and respectively sending the raw materials into respective raw material bins after crushing;
2) mixing and forming: the raw materials are proportionally fed into a mixer to be mixed until the ratio of the standard deviation of each component to the average value is less than 5%, the raw materials are uniformly mixed and then fed into a feed particle pressing machine, steam is introduced, the raw materials are granulated under the processing technology standard that the steam pressure is 0.38-0.42MPa, the temperature is 78-80 ℃ and the diameter of a ring die is 6mm, after cooling and drying, the powder content is detected to be less than 5 wt%, and the water content is detected to be less than 12 wt%, so that finished feed is obtained and recorded as feed 1, feed 2 and feed 3 respectively.
Example 5:
the feeding experiments were carried out on feed 1, feed 2 and feed 3 prepared in example 4 and two commercially available feeds (recorded as feed 4) and kohe feed (recorded as feed 5) which are well-behaved on the gold bean card and the kohe feed, respectively.
600 healthy cross-bred Han sheep with the average weight of 45kg are selected, and the weight difference is not significant through statistical analysis. Groups were randomized into 5 (3 test and 2 control) groups of 6 replicates each, 20 replicates each, and halves of the male and female. The control group is fed with feed 4 and feed 5, the test group is fed with feed 1, feed 2 and feed 3, the control group and the test group are fed twice a day, and hay is fed once. And (3) carrying out immunization and parasite expelling according to a conventional method, weighing the test sheep mince after the test is finished, recording the feed consumption, calculating the feed-meat ratio, slaughtering the test sheep, and measuring the following indexes: average daily gain, feed consumption and incidence rate of yellowfat. The test period was 30 days, and the test results are reported in the following table. The occurrence of the fat obesity can be observed by a slaughtering mode, most of the sheep with yellow fat have no abnormality before slaughtering, and only individual sheep suddenly do not like eating, activity and hypodynamia and have no spirit, and the body temperature, the pulse and the respiration are normal. When slaughtering, the blood color turns black, the subcutaneous fat, mesenteric fat, renal fat capsule and other fat of sheep are yellow, and the heart, liver, spleen and kidney are swollen. Except that the fat is yellow, the muscle is normal in color, soft and not firm, and has abnormal fishy smell and poor appearance.
Item Feed 1 Feed 2 Feed 3 Feed 4 Feed 5
Initial weight (kg) 45.4 45.6 45.1 45.8 45
Daily gain (g) 335.3 329.7 325.6 328.1 330.2
Terminal weight (kg) 55.4 55.5 54.8 55.6 54.9
Probability of occurrence of yellow fat disease% 0 0.83 0.83 1.67 1.67
As can be seen from the table, the initial body weights of the groups did not change much at the start of the practice, and the differences were close to each other, which was in accordance with the initial requirements of the practice. At the end of the practice, the sheep in each group were weighed out to be not different significantly. The different formulas have little influence on the production performance of the sheep.
After the slaughtering, the blood color is black, the subcutaneous fat, the mesenteric fat, the renal fat capsule and other fat of the sheep are yellow, and the heart, the liver, the spleen and the kidney are swollen. As can be seen from the table, in the probability of the yellow fat of the fattening sheep caused by the feed 1-5, the feed 1-3 is wholly lower than the feed 4 and the feed 5, and the occurrence probability of the feed 1 is the lowest, so that the feed disclosed by the invention can effectively reduce the occurrence proportion of the yellow fat of the fattening sheep.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 4-10 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 3-6 parts of rice hull powder, 3-8 parts of beet pulp, 3-8 parts of sunflower meal, 0-5 parts of linseed cake, 5-9 parts of soybean meal, 3-8 parts of dry white spirit grains, 5-13 parts of corn germ meal, 33-39 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of bran, 1-2 parts of molasses, 1-3 parts of fat powder and 5 parts of premixed feed.
2. The feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep according to claim 1, wherein the premix feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
3. The feed capable of preventing and reducing the yellow fat disease of fattening sheep according to the claim 1 or 2 is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 8 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 4 parts of rice hull powder, 5 parts of beet pulp, 5 parts of sunflower pulp, 3 parts of linseed cake, 6 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of dried white spirit vinasse, 8 parts of corn germ meal, 36 parts of corn, 3 parts of bran, 2 parts of fat powder, 1 part of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
4. A method for producing a feed for preventing and reducing adiposity in fattening sheep according to claims 1-3, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials: selecting raw materials without mildew and peculiar smell, passing quality standard inspection of QJ-01-2020, entering a raw material warehouse, and respectively sending the raw materials into respective raw material bins after crushing;
2) mixing and forming: the raw materials are proportionally fed into a mixer to be mixed, the mixture is uniformly mixed and then fed into a feed particle pressing machine, steam is introduced, the mixture is granulated under the processing technology standard that the steam pressure is 0.38-0.42MPa, the temperature is 78-80 ℃ and the diameter of a ring die is 6-8mm, and after cooling and drying, the powder content is detected to be less than 5 wt%, and the water content is detected to be less than 12 wt%, so that the finished feed is obtained.
5. The method for producing the feed for preventing and reducing the adiposity of fattening sheep according to the claim 4, wherein in the step 2), the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value of the components in the raw material mixture is considered as being uniformly mixed, wherein the ratio is less than 5%.
6. The production method of the feed capable of preventing and reducing the fat disease of the fattening sheep according to the claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 4-10 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 3-6 parts of rice hull powder, 3-8 parts of beet pulp, 3-8 parts of sunflower meal, 0-5 parts of linseed cake, 5-9 parts of soybean meal, 3-8 parts of dry white spirit grains, 5-13 parts of corn germ meal, 33-39 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of bran, 1-2 parts of molasses, 1-3 parts of fat powder and 5 parts of premixed feed.
7. The production method of the feed for preventing and reducing the fat disease of the fattening sheep according to the claim 6, wherein the premixed feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44.20 parts of stone powder, 22.00 parts of salt, 13.00 parts of baking soda, 4.80 parts of magnesium oxide, 4.0 parts of yeast, 3.00 parts of zeolite powder, 1.35 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00 parts of DSM multivitamin, 0.2 part of VE, 1.00 parts of rumen bypass lysine, 0.80 part of rumen bypass choline, 0.75 part of antimicrobial peptide, 0.65 part of zinc sulfate, 0.60 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.50 part of urease inhibitor, 0.40 part of sodium selenite, 0.35 part of manganese sulfate, 0.35 part of potassium iodide, 10.30 parts of VB, 0.20 part of copper sulfate, 0.20 part of anhydrous sodium sulphate, 0.20 part of antioxidant and 0.15 part of cobalt chloride.
8. The production method of the feed capable of preventing and reducing the fat disease of the fattening sheep according to the claim 6, is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of sunflower seed hull powder, 8 parts of pumpkin seed hull powder, 4 parts of rice hull powder, 5 parts of beet pulp, 5 parts of sunflower pulp, 3 parts of linseed cake, 6 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of dried white spirit vinasse, 8 parts of corn germ meal, 36 parts of corn, 3 parts of bran, 2 parts of fat powder, 1 part of molasses and 5 parts of premixed feed.
CN202011099177.3A 2020-10-14 2020-10-14 Feed capable of preventing and reducing fat disease of fattening sheep and production method thereof Pending CN112042818A (en)

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CN105941890A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-09-21 甘肃农业大学 Concentrate supplementing feed for preventing yellow fat of fattening sheep
CN106173278A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 甘肃元生农牧科技有限公司 A kind of meat sheep is at fattening stage fully-mixed daily feed
CN106922988A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-07-07 内蒙古河套农牧业技术研究院 A kind of Fattening Sheep mixed feed for reducing fat deposition
CN109480102A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-03-19 北京三元禾丰牧业有限公司 A kind of energy saving mixed ration and preparation method thereof improving sheep daily gain

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CN102742737A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-10-24 山西农业大学 Selenium-rich total mixed ration for fattening sheep, and production method thereof
CN105851520A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-17 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 High-tannin complete formula granulated feed for fattening sheep and feeding method thereof
CN105941890A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-09-21 甘肃农业大学 Concentrate supplementing feed for preventing yellow fat of fattening sheep
CN106173278A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 甘肃元生农牧科技有限公司 A kind of meat sheep is at fattening stage fully-mixed daily feed
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115956634A (en) * 2022-11-10 2023-04-14 山东健源生物科技有限公司 Biological agent for relieving heat stress of dairy cows and preparation method thereof
CN115956634B (en) * 2022-11-10 2023-05-12 山东健源生物科技有限公司 Biological agent for relieving heat stress of dairy cows and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20201208