CN112030569A - 合成树脂皮革 - Google Patents
合成树脂皮革 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112030569A CN112030569A CN202010488389.4A CN202010488389A CN112030569A CN 112030569 A CN112030569 A CN 112030569A CN 202010488389 A CN202010488389 A CN 202010488389A CN 112030569 A CN112030569 A CN 112030569A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- synthetic resin
- layer
- knitted fabric
- resin layer
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/147—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes characterised by the isocyanates used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
本发明提供一种就坐时不损坏合成树脂层(2)所具有的挠性,而且抗皱性优异且手感良好的合成树脂皮革(A)。一种合成树脂皮革,其被用作座椅或椅子的表皮材料,该合成树脂皮革的特征在于,具备:基布层,其由针织面料而成;及合成树脂层,其具有挠性且接合于基布层的一面,针织面料由粗细为111~444dtex的长丝纱而成,针织面料的表面侧粘接于合成树脂层的背面侧。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用作汽车等车辆、飞机、船舶的座椅或其他椅子等的表皮材料的合成树脂皮革。
背景技术
以往,作为这种合成树脂皮革,有一种合成皮革,其在基布表面上依次层压氨基甲酸酯类粘接层及聚氨酯表皮层而成,基布为表面具有起绒的针织品,且起绒纤维的长度的20~99%存在于粘接层中(例如,参考专利文献1)。
构成该基布的针织品为沿针织品的纵列方向作为纬纱喂入弹力纱而进行特殊编织的针织品,基布的纵向及横向的伸长率为60~100%。
该特殊编织的针织品例如能够通过将双罗纹组织针织品作为基础,利用双罗纹交错浮线组织(cross-miss interlock)按适当的间隔沿纵列方向织入弹力纱等方法来获得。
专利文献1:日本特开平9-111671号公报
近来,制造车辆的座椅的工序发生了变化或乘坐舒适度得到了改善,而且座椅的形状和软硬度也发生了变化。随着该变化,使用于座椅的表皮材料的抗皱性也成为了重要条件。
专利文献1中,成为基布的针织品中使用弹力纱,弹力纱为短纤维,因此即使并合多条短纤维而变成长的纱线,成为纤维组织的短纤维彼此也容易引起错位,作为基布(面料)的张力也不足。
由此,用作汽车等的座椅或其他椅子的表皮材料时,存在若伴随使用而在聚氨酯表皮层的表面产生褶皱,则褶皱一直残留而不会恢复原样,抗皱性较差的问题。
在这种情况下,要求一种用作座椅的表皮材料时抗皱性优异的合成皮革(合成树脂皮革)。
发明内容
为了解决这种课题,本发明所涉及的合成树脂皮革至少具备以下独立权利要求所涉及的结构。
[方案1]一种合成树脂皮革,其被用作座椅或椅子的表皮材料,该合成树脂皮革具备:
基布层,其由针织面料而成;及合成树脂层,其具有挠性且接合于所述基布层的一面,
所述针织面料由粗细为111~444dtex的长丝纱而成,所述针织面料的表面侧粘接于所述合成树脂层的背面侧。
附图说明
图1为表示本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革的整体结构的说明图,图1的(a)为局部放大主要部分的纵截面主视图,图1的(b)为表示针织面料的针织方式的一例的概念图。
具体实施方式
以下,根据附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。
本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革A为被用作汽车等车辆、飞机、船舶的座椅或其他椅子等的表皮材料的合成皮革,如图1的(a)、图1的(b)所示,在基布层1的一面贴有合成树脂层2。
详细而言,本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革A作为主要的构成要件,具备:基布层1,其由针织面料11而成;合成树脂层2,其具有挠性且接合于基布层1的一面。
优选还具备层压于基布层1与合成树脂层2之间的粘接层3。
[关于基布层]
如图1的(a)、图1的(b)所示,基布层1由仅编入长丝纱1f的针织面料11而成,针织面料11的表面侧11a粘接于合成树脂层2的背面2a侧。
作为长丝纱1f使用比弹力纱(短纤维)连续更长的长纤维,尤其使用比弹力纱更粗且强度和弹性更优异的纱线。作为长丝纱1f,使用一条单股线(单纤维)的单丝,多条单股线(单纤维)捻合而成的复丝,在纤维阶段混合多种原料纺织而成的混纺纱等。
作为长丝纱1f的材质,单独使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、(粘胶纤维)人造丝等纤维素类纤维、氨基甲酸酯、丙烯酸等或使用这些纤维素类纤维与PET、氨基甲酸酯、丙烯酸等的混纺。
优选长丝纱1f的粗细(纤度)设定为111~444dtex(或T),详细而言设定为150~400dtex,更详细而言设定为160~350dtex。
针织面料11为作为长丝纱1f交织不同材质的纱线或编织相同材质的纱线,由此连续编成线圈而形成立体针织布的编织物。
作为长丝纱1f的针织方式,可列举平针组织(纬平针)、双罗纹组织(棉毛组织)、罗纹组织等横向(纬)组织、纵向(经)组织等。
优选针织面料11的编织密度设定为W(横列)/C(纵列):30/25以上,伸长率设定为径向/纬向:80/80以上,厚度设定为0.7~1.5mm。
作为针织方式的具体例,在图1的(b)所示的情况下,作为长丝纱1f利用不同材质的第一纱线1f′与第二纱线1f″进行平针编织。
并且,作为其他例子未进行图示,但也能够将长丝纱1f的针织方式变更为平针编织以外的针织方式。
而且,优选基布层1的针织面料11进行热定型以通过热处理来确保形态和尺寸稳定性。优选进行热定型的加热温度设定为140~200℃,详细而言设定为170~190℃。
[关于合成树脂层]
合成树脂层2例如由以热塑性聚氨酯或与其类似的热塑性树脂为主成分的层而形成。热塑性聚氨酯能够使二异氰酸酯化合物与具有两个以上氢氧基的化合物反应而制得。尤其在热塑性聚氨酯中,优选使用由长链多元醇、二异氰酸酯、扩链剂构成的、所谓由软链段与硬链段构成的聚氨酯类热塑性弹性体(TPU)。作为热塑性聚氨酯的硬度,优选具有肖氏A硬度为70~95的树脂硬度,详细而言为具有80~90的树脂硬度的热塑性聚氨酯。另外,肖氏A硬度为在ASTM D 2240下测定的值(测定温度23℃)。
优选合成树脂层2的构成材料为混合树脂成分时,热塑性聚氨酯的成分含有50%以上,或者含有多种树脂成分时,其中占有率最高的成分成为热塑性聚氨酯。
优选合成树脂层2基本通过热塑性聚氨酯与其他树脂成分的混合树脂而具备较高的柔软性和弯曲性、良好的加工性和强度。
如图1的(a)所示,合成树脂层2的表面2b也可以具有表面处理层2s。
能够通过涂布由异氰酸酯类交联剂将硅共聚的聚碳酸酯类聚氨酯进行交联的油性表面处理剂来形成表面处理层2s。表面处理层2s通过涂布有机溶剂类的表面处理剂而形成,在通过有机溶剂而渗透的合成树脂层2的表面2b高密度地形成。
也能够根据需要在合成树脂层2的表面2b和表面处理层2s形成花纹(褶皱纹)等凹凸纹2c。
而且,作为用于合成成为合成树脂层2的主成分的热塑性聚氨酯的二异氰酸酯化合物,使用甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯、萘二异氰酸酯、二甲基联苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、亚二甲苯二异氰酸酯、氢化亚二甲苯二异氰酸酯、氢化二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯等。
并且,作为具有两个以上氢氧基的化合物,使用作为己二酸、邻苯二甲酸等二元酸与乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇等二元醇的缩合反应物的聚酯类多元醇;作为碳酸乙烯酯等碳酸酯与二元醇的反应物的聚碳酸酯类多元醇;聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚丁二醇、聚乙二醇-聚丙二醇等聚醚类多元醇等。
本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革A中,考虑到其物理特性,优选使用聚醚类多元醇。另外,由于耐老化性、压延加工性良好,因此从该观点考虑,优选以聚醚类多元醇为原料的热塑性聚氨酯。
作为扩链剂,使用乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2丁二醇、1,3丁二醇、1,4丁二醇、2,3丁二醇、己二醇等低分子多元醇、或二胺、水。
如上所述由热塑性聚氨酯与其他树脂成分的混合树脂来形成合成树脂层2时,作为所混合的一种成分能够选择丙烯酸类软质树脂。丙烯酸类软质树脂为常温下如软质聚氯乙烯那样显示柔软性的树脂。作为该丙烯酸类软质树脂,优选使用肖氏硬度A为50~80的丙烯酸类软质树脂,尤其优选使用55~65的丙烯酸类软质树脂。该丙烯酸类软质树脂优选为多层结构聚合物即两种以上的丙烯酸类聚合物形成核壳型多层结构的粒子状的聚合物。这些丙烯酸类软质树脂在常温下显示良好的柔软性,且具有弯曲耐久性,并且耐气候性优异。
示出用作合成树脂层2的成分的丙烯酸类软质树脂的一例。一种丙烯酸类软质多层结构树脂,其为由Tg为30℃以下的至少一层聚合物层[A]10~90重量份与Tg为-20~50℃的至少一层聚合物层[B]10~90重量份的组合而成的多层结构聚合物,并且最外层为聚合物层[B],所述聚合物层[A]为使由具有碳数1~12的烷基的至少一种丙烯酸烷基酯30~99.9重量%、具有碳数1~8的烷基的至少一种甲基丙烯酸烷基酯0~70重量%、能够共聚的不饱和单体0~30重量%、多官能交联性单体和/或多官能性接枝单体0.1~10重量%构成的单体混合物聚合而成;所述聚合物层[B]为使由具有碳数1~12的烷基的至少一种丙烯酸烷基酯30~99重量%、具有碳数1~8的烷基的至少一种甲基丙烯酸烷基酯1~70重量%、能够共聚合的不饱和单体0~30重量%构成的单体混合物聚合而成。
示出丙烯酸类软质树脂的其他例。一种丙烯酸类软质多层结构树脂,其由橡胶层30~80重量份与硬质树脂层20~70重量份构成,并且最外层为硬质树脂层,其中,所述橡胶层由使具有碳数1~8的烷基的丙烯酸烷基酯60~99.5重量%、具有一个能够共聚的乙烯基的单官能性单体0~39.5重量%及具有至少两个乙烯基或亚乙烯基的多官能性单体0.5~5重量%聚合而获得,所述硬质树脂层由使甲基丙烯酸甲酯40~100重量%、具有碳数1~8的烷基的丙烯酸烷基酯0~60重量%及具有能够共聚的乙烯基或亚乙烯基的单体0~20重量%聚合而获得。
而且,示出丙烯酸类软质树脂的其他例。一种丙烯酸类软质多层结构树脂,其由如下(A)、(B)、(C)构成,且平均粒度为0.01~0.3μm,其中,所述(A)为使由甲基丙烯酸甲酯80~98.99重量%、具有碳数1~8的烷基的丙烯酸烷基酯1~20重量%、多官能性接枝剂0.01~1重量%及多官能性交联剂0~0.5重量%构成的单体混合物聚合而成的最内层的硬质聚合物层5~30重量份;(B)为使由具有碳数1~8的烷基的丙烯酸烷基酯70~99.5重量%、甲基丙烯酸甲酯0~30重量%、多官能性交联剂0.5~5重量%及多官能性交联剂0~5重量%构成的单体混合物聚合而成的中间层的硬质聚合物层20~45重量份;(C)为使由甲基丙烯酸甲酯90~99重量%及具有碳数1~8的烷基的丙烯酸烷基酯1~10重量%构成的单体混合物聚合而成的最外层的硬质聚合物层50~75重量份。
形成合成树脂层2时,热塑性聚氨酯与丙烯酸类软质树脂的配合比例为热塑性聚氨酯70~95重量%、丙烯酸类软质树脂5~30重量%,优选热塑性聚氨酯80~90重量%、丙烯酸类软质树脂10~20重量%。
若在合成树脂层2中配合增塑剂,则能够改善产品的柔软性、手感。并且,增塑剂的配合能够降低混合树脂的压延加工的加工温度,因此能够抑制热塑性聚氨酯加工时的分解。作为增塑剂,使用邻苯二甲酸二2-乙基己酯、邻苯二甲酸异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯等邻苯二甲酸酯;偏苯三酸三-2乙基己酯等偏苯三酸酯;己二酸二2-乙基己酯、己二酸二异壬酯、癸二酸二2-乙基己酯等脂肪族二元酸酯;环氧化大豆油、环氧硬脂酸丁酯等环氧类增塑剂、磷酸三甲苯酯等磷酸酯类、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯等柠檬酸酯等。其中,从增塑效率高且渗色等问题少的观点考虑,尤其优选使用邻苯二甲酸酯、偏苯三酸酯等芳香族羧酸酯。增塑剂的配合量相对于混合树脂100重量份为0~50重量份,优选为3~20重量份。
根据需要也可以在合成树脂层2中进一步配合通常用于合成树脂的配合中的润滑剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、颜料、抗菌剂等。作为润滑剂,使用硬脂酸的钙、镁、锌、钡等的脂肪族金属盐、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、亚烷基双脂肪酸酰胺等。作为紫外线吸收剂,使用2-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑等苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂等。作为光稳定剂,使用双-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶)癸二酸酯等受阻胺类光稳定剂等。作为抗菌剂使用银类无机抗菌剂等。
[关于粘接层]
基布层1的针织面料11与合成树脂层2经由粘接层3被贴在一起。
作为形成粘接层3的粘接剂,使用聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯(PCU)或二液型聚氨酯等氨基甲酸酯类粘接剂、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共聚合物类水乳液、聚氯乙烯浆糊等。该粘接剂可以涂布于基布层1的表面侧11a,也可以涂布于合成树脂层2的背面2a侧。其中,优选使用水性聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯。
由经由粘接层3一体化的基布层1及合成树脂层2构成的合成树脂皮革A,优选将其永久变形设定为0.5~3.0%。
[关于合成树脂层的厚度]
通过实验判定,合成树脂层2中作为其主成分的TPU的配合比率高,并且合成树脂层2的厚度相对于基布层1(针织面料11)的厚度相对越高,合成树脂皮革A的永久变形越减少。
详细而言,在针织面料11的厚度一定的状态下,与TPU的配合比率为75%且厚度为0.25mm的情况相比,合成树脂层2中的TPU的配合比率为85%且厚度为0.35mm的情况下伸长50%时的永久变形(滞后损失)减少至约60%。
确认到该趋势在假定实际用作汽车等的座椅的表皮材料的后述“抗皱性”的试验中也相同。作为“抗皱性”的指标之一,为了评价相对于反复伸长的残余变形(将沉降耐久图形化),参考了滞后损失测定。以将反复伸长50%测定时的残余变形视为每单位能量的变形量(残余变形/施加能量)的观点进行了比较。
根据这种实验结果,计算出合成树脂层2的厚度只要设定为针织面料11的厚度的0.25倍以上,则可将永久变形抑制在容许范围内。
作为其一例,针织面料11的厚度为0.7~1.5mm且合成树脂层2中的TPU的配合比率为85%时,优选将合成树脂层2设定为0.20~0.40mm或其以上。
[制造方法]
接着,对本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革A的制造方法进行说明,该制造方法包括:皮膜成型工序,成型出以热塑性聚氨酯为主成分的合成树脂层2;及基布粘接工序,用粘接层3在合成树脂层2的背面2a侧粘接基布层1。
皮膜成形工序中,通过压延成型、挤出成形等,例如成型出以热塑性聚氨酯为主成分的合成树脂层2。
基布粘接工序中,在合成树脂层2的背面2a侧或基布层1的针织面料11的表面侧11a中的任一侧或两侧涂布粘接剂,合成树脂层2与基布层1的针织面料11经由粘接层3被粘接。
根据这种本发明的实施方式所涉及的合成树脂皮革A,成为基布层1的针织面料11中将该纺纱全部设定为粗细为111~444dtex的长丝纱(长纤维)1f,从而针织面料11的密度变高并且具有张力。
因此,在具有挠性的合成树脂层2的背面2a侧粘接有针织面料11的表面侧11a的贴附状态下,使合成树脂层2产生挠性,而且难以对合成树脂层2的表面2b赋予折痕和压痕等,并且折痕和压痕等的复原性也优异。
因此,能够提供就坐时不会损坏合成树脂层2所具有的挠性,而且抗皱性优异且手感良好的合成树脂皮革A。
其结果,与以往将弹力纱用作成为基布的针织品的情况相比,用作汽车等的座椅或其他椅子的表皮材料时,乘坐舒适度变好而适用,能够长久维持较高的商品价值,便利性优异。
尤其,优选将基布层1的针织面料11进行热定型。
此时,通过进行热定型,针织面料11的张力增加而有助于保持形状。
因此,能够进一步提高抗皱性。
其结果,用作汽车等的座椅或其他椅子的表皮材料时,能够更长久维持较高的商品价值。
而且,优选将合成树脂层2以聚氨酯类热塑性弹性体(TPU)为主成分,且将合成树脂层2的厚度设定为针织面料11的厚度的0.25倍以上。
此时,以TPU为主成分的合成树脂层2的厚度相比针织面料11的厚度变厚,因此永久变形减少,不但难以产生褶皱,而且褶皱的复原性也优异。
因此,既不损坏合成树脂层2的挠性又能够进一步提高抗皱性。
其结果,用作汽车等的座椅或其他椅子的表皮材料时,能够更长久地维持较高的商品价值。
实施例
以下,对本发明的实施例进行说明。
[实施例1~4及比较例1~4]
表1所示的实施例1~4和表2所示的比较例1~4为在准备这些表中记载的基布层(针织面料)和合成树脂层的基础上,基布层与合成树脂层经由粘接层被贴合而成。之后,分别制作相同尺寸的评价试样。
实施例1~4及比较例1~4中,针织面料的针织方式为双罗纹组织(双面组织),其厚度设为1.1mm,并设为一种结构。另外,组织密度设定为W/C:36/29、伸长率设定为径向/纬向:85/180。实施例1~4及比较例1,2的针织面料中,进行热定型,并设为同一个结构。
实施例1~4及比较例1~4的合成树脂层为聚氨酯类热塑性弹性体(TPU)为85重量%与丙烯酸类软质树脂15重量%的混合树脂,将其厚度设为0.35mm,硬度设为85A,并设为同一个结构。
实施例1~4及比较例1~4的粘接层3由聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯(PCU)构成,将其厚度设为0.03mm,并设为同一个结构。
实施例1中,在针织面料的任一个长丝纱中,作为第一纱线使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)制的粗细(纤度)为333dtex的长丝纱,另一个作为第二纱线使用人造丝制的粗细为167dtex的长丝纱。333dtex的长丝纱由两个167dtex的长丝纱而成。
实施例2中,作为第一纱线使用PET制的粗细为167dtex的长丝纱,作为第二纱线使用人造丝制的粗细为167dtex的长丝纱。
实施例3中,作为第一纱线及第二纱线使用PET制的粗细为444dtex的长丝纱。
实施例4中,作为第一纱线及第二纱线使用PET制的粗细为111dtex的长丝纱。
另一方面,比较例1中不同点在于,作为第一纱线及第二纱线使用了PET制的粗细为500dtex的长丝纱。500dtex的长丝纱由三个167dtex的长丝纱而成。
比较例2中不同点在于,作为第一纱线及第二纱线使用了PET制的粗细为84dtex的长丝纱。
比较例3中不同点在于,与实施例1相同地作为第一纱线使用PET制的粗细为333dtex的长丝纱且作为第二纱线使用了人造丝制的粗细为167dtex的长丝纱,但没有进行热定型。
比较例4中不同点在于,作为第一纱线使用PET制的粗细为167dtex的长丝纱且作为第二纱线使用了人造丝制的粗细为295dtex的弹力纱。而且,也没有进行热定型。
[评价基准]
表1及表2所示的评价结果(抗皱性、手感、耐磨性、耐寒弯曲性、柔软性、耐药品性、综合评价)基于以下标准。
“抗皱性”为遵照2009年度版的JIS L1059-2(纺织物抗皱性试验方法-第2部分:起皱后的外观评价(褶皱恢复试验法),通过肉眼判定起皱后的面料的外观,来评价起皱的难易度与褶皱的恢复性的测定方法。详细而言,利用起皱装置(褶皱形起皱试验机),一边拧着实施例1~4及比较例1~4的各试验片,一边对其施加压缩荷载之后,与立体复制品进行比较,判定为五个级别。
“抗皱性”的评价按照以JIS L1059-2的9项为基准的评价基准(5级:最光滑的外观~1级:褶皱最多的外观)进行了评价。
关于“手感”,通过将各试验片用作汽车的座椅的表皮材料,并将其使用感与软质聚氯乙烯皮革(作为合成树脂层为在聚氯乙烯100重量份中配合了增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯100重量份而成的聚氯乙烯组合物的皮革)进行对比的感官检测,判定为两个级别。
在该“手感”的评价结果中,评价为○:具有与软质聚氯乙烯皮革相同的手感,×:手感稍微比软质聚氯乙烯皮革差。
“耐磨性”为使用JIS L0823(染色坚固度试验用摩擦试验机)中规定的学振型摩擦试验机,以负重1kg实施基于JIS L3102的6号棉帆布的摩擦试验,用于确认往复30000次中有无破损的试验。该试验结果评价为两个级别。另外,将贴有宽度10mm且3mm的氨基甲酸酯泡沫的合成树脂皮革作为各试验片。
该“耐磨性”的评价结果中,评价为○:合成树脂层无破损,×:合成树脂层存在破损。
“耐寒弯曲性”为使用De Mattie式弯曲试验机,用以JIS K6260为基准的一定行程对试验片(70mm×40mm)施加反复弯曲的负荷,用于确认反复-30℃×30000次时有无破裂的试验。将该试验结果评价为两个级别。
该“耐寒弯曲性”的评价结果中,评价为○:无破裂,×:存在破裂。
关于“柔软性”,用手触摸各试验片,并与软质聚氯乙烯皮革对比其触感的感官检测,判定为两个级别。
该“柔软性”的评价结果中,评价为“○:具有相同的触感,×:触感较硬,不可代替软质聚氯乙烯皮革。
关于“耐药品性”,在以任意大小取样的各试验片上重叠4张滤纸,滴下1.2ml的油酸,用铝箔将其密封,在80℃环境下放置24小时之后取出,以拍打方式擦拭表面,肉眼观察各试验片的浮起、破损、处理层的剥落,判定为两个级别。
该“耐药品性”的评价结果中,评价为○:良好、×:不良。
关于“综合评价”,根据上述“抗皱性”、“手感”、“耐磨性”、“耐寒弯曲性”、“柔软性”、“耐药品性”的评价结果综合性地评价为三个级别。
该“综合评价”的评价结果中,评价为◎:抗皱性为4级以上,包括手感在内整体良好,○:抗皱性为4级以上、包括手感在内整体稍微良好,×:抗皱性不到4级。
[表1]
[表2]
[评价结果]
实施例1~4与比较例1~4比较起来,实施例1~4在抗皱性、手感、耐磨性、耐寒弯曲性、柔软性、耐药品性、综合评价中均获得了良好的评价结果。
由该评价结果证实,实施例1~4为坐到座椅或椅子时不损坏合成树脂层所具有的挠性,而且抗皱性优异且手感良好的合成树脂皮革。
但相对而言,比较例1~4在抗皱性和耐寒弯曲性中评价结果为不良。
详细而言,比较例1的长丝纱过粗,因此触感较硬,而在耐寒弯曲性中评价结果为不良。
比较例2的长丝纱过细,因此针织面料的张力不足,而在抗皱性中评价结果为不良。
比较例3即便为粗细适度的长丝纱,但由于未经过热定型而针织面料的张力不足,而在抗皱性中评价结果为不良。
比较例4为长丝纱与弹力纱的组合,因此针织面料的张力不足,而在抗皱性中评价结果为不良。另外,即使作为长丝纱与弹力纱的组合而经过热定型,且进行了相同的试验,但针织面料的张力也不足,而在抗皱性中评价结果为不良。
符号说明
A-合成树脂皮革,1-基布层,1f-长丝纱,11-针织面料,11a-表面侧,2-合成树脂层,2a-背面。
Claims (3)
1.一种合成树脂皮革,其被用作座椅或椅子的表皮材料,该合成树脂皮革的特征在于,具备:
基布层,由针织面料而成;及
合成树脂层,具有挠性且接合于所述基布层的一面,
所述针织面料由粗细为111~444dtex的长丝纱而成,所述针织面料的表面侧粘接于所述合成树脂层的背面侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的合成树脂皮革,其特征在于,
所述基布层的所述针织面料被进行热定型。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的合成树脂皮革,其特征在于,
所述合成树脂层以聚氨酯类热塑性弹性体为主成分,所述合成树脂层的厚度被设定为所述针织面料的厚度的0.25倍以上。
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CN114906025A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 株式会社泰极爱思 | 表皮、成形品及车辆用座椅 |
TWI795906B (zh) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-11 | 南亞塑膠工業股份有限公司 | 未具有發泡結構的聚氯乙烯人造革 |
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