CN112021153A - Multi-functional drip irrigation zone laying device in karst region - Google Patents
Multi-functional drip irrigation zone laying device in karst region Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021153A CN112021153A CN202011051383.7A CN202011051383A CN112021153A CN 112021153 A CN112021153 A CN 112021153A CN 202011051383 A CN202011051383 A CN 202011051383A CN 112021153 A CN112021153 A CN 112021153A
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- drip irrigation
- irrigation tape
- wheel
- groove
- feeding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device in a karst region, which comprises a walking vehicle and a drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel, wherein the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel is rotationally connected to the walking vehicle, a pressing wheel and a slotting device are respectively arranged on the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the walking vehicle, the bottom side of the pressing wheel is wound on a drip irrigation tape led out from the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel, the slotting device can be used for slotting each ridge and is opposite to the pressing wheel, and the multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device also comprises a pepper seed strip seeder arranged on the walking vehicle. The drip irrigation tape can be laid quickly, the position placing is accurate, the drip irrigation tape is placed in the groove, the movement is avoided, the smooth covering of the film is facilitated, the drip irrigation tape is pressed by the pressing wheel, the drip irrigation tape can be placed in the groove smoothly, the drip irrigation is more uniform, the pepper seed drill can be used for laying the drip irrigation tape and simultaneously drilling pepper seeds, the functionality of the laying device is increased, the functionality of the drip irrigation laying device can be improved, the process of single pepper drill is reduced, and the cultivation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pepper planting, and relates to a multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device in a karst region.
Background
The pepper is an important mountain characteristic economic crop in Guizhou province, Guizhou owns the largest nationwide gathering and distribution center, and the planting area of the pepper throughout the year is 500 ten thousand mu. Due to the restriction of geographical conditions in karst regions for a long time, the pepper planting mainly depends on a large amount of manual work, and compared with the mechanized operation in the province, the Guizhou cultivation mode is quite laggard. When the drip irrigation tape is laid manually, the drip irrigation tape is placed on the upper surface of the ridge, the laying leveling uniformity is poor, and the ridge surface at the convex part is easy to influence film covering.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multi-functional drip irrigation zone laying device in karst region to solve the technical problem that exists among the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multi-functional drip irrigation zone laying device in karst area, includes walking car and drip irrigation zone winding sheave, and drip irrigation zone winding sheave swivelling joint is on the walking car, and walking car bottom rear side and front side are provided with respectively presses pinch roller and fluting ware, presses the drip irrigation zone that the winding sheave of wheel bottom side winding drip irrigation zone led out, and the fluting ware can just to pressing the pinch roller to every ridge fluting, still including installing the hot pepper seed strip broadcast ware on the walking car.
Preferably, the pepper seed drill comprises a groove opener and a seed matrix sprayer arranged on the rear side of the groove opener, the groove opener is provided with two groove plows which are of a bar-shaped structure with an inverted V-shaped cross section, the front end of each groove plow is small, the rear end of each groove plow is large, a V-shaped groove with a circular arc at the bottom can be formed, and the rear end of the upper side of each groove plow is connected to an L-shaped groove support at the bottom of the walking vehicle through an adjusting threaded rod and locked by double nuts.
Preferably, the seed matrix sprayer comprises a seed bin and a matrix bin which are arranged in front and back, the seed bin and the matrix bin are fixedly connected to the walking vehicle, discharge pipes of the seed bin and the matrix bin are respectively provided with a first valve plate and a second valve plate, two sides of the first valve plate and the two sides of the second valve plate are connected to a linkage plate, the linkage plate is connected to the adjusting seat through a threaded rod and locked by an adjusting nut, a valve plate reset spring is sleeved on the threaded rod, two ends of the valve plate reset spring abut against the linkage plate and the adjusting seat, and the adjusting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the walking.
Preferably, the above-mentioned cylinder of pressing the pinch roller is provided with the annular groove, in drip irrigation zone upside embedding annular groove, presses pinch roller swivelling joint on pressing the wheel carrier, presses the wheel carrier upper end middle part and is provided with the telescopic shaft, and the telescopic shaft upper end activity is adopted the nut to connect spacingly after inserting the wheel seat, and the inner cup joints compression spring, and compression spring both ends are fixed connection respectively on wheel seat lower extreme face and the wheel carrier up end of pressing, and wheel seat fixed connection is on walking car rear end face.
Preferably, the groover comprises a horizontal V-shaped plough blade and a blade frame, the width of the V-shaped plough blade is larger than that of the drip irrigation belt, the middle part of the upper end face of the V-shaped plough blade is fixedly connected to the blade frame, the blade frame comprises a screw and a blade frame seat, the screw penetrates through the blade frame seat and then is clamped and locked by double nuts, and the blade frame seat is fixedly connected to the front end face of the walking vehicle.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprises a pair of feeding wheels, a driving wheel and a feeding wheel frame, the feeding wheels are in cylindrical surface contact and are rotatably connected to the feeding wheel frame, the driving wheel is the same as the feeding wheel in outer diameter and is in elastic contact with the feeding wheel in the advancing direction of the walking vehicle, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the feeding wheel frame, the feeding wheel frame is hinged to the bottom of the walking vehicle, a torsion spring is arranged at the hinged position of the feeding wheel frame, and the driving wheel can be in elastic contact with the ridges when the walking vehicle advances.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
(1) in the laying process of the drip irrigation tape laying device, the free end of the drip irrigation tape is fixed at one end of the ridge, the walking vehicle is pushed to walk, the laying of the drip irrigation tape can be quickly realized, the position is accurately placed, the drip irrigation tape is placed in the groove, the movement is avoided, the smooth covering of the film is facilitated, the drip irrigation tape is pressed by the pressing wheel, the smooth placement of the drip irrigation tape in the groove can be ensured, the drip irrigation is more uniform, the pepper seed drill can be realized while the laying of the drip irrigation tape is realized by additionally arranging the pepper seed drill, the functionality of the laying device is increased, the functionality of the drip irrigation laying device can be improved, the process of independent pepper drill is reduced, and the cultivation efficiency;
(2) the groove opener can realize the opening of the pepper seed groove, and the adjusting screw can adjust the height, so that the pepper seed groove opener is suitable for opening different groove depths and different ground heights;
(3) the seed matrix sprayer structure can realize linkage opening and closing of seeds and the matrix, and avoids uneven drilling matrix or pepper caused by respective opening;
(4) the annular groove is arranged, so that the drip irrigation tape can be limited, the drip irrigation tape is prevented from falling off, the pressing is more accurate, the pressing wheel adopts an elastic telescopic structure, the uniform pressing can adapt to uneven ground, the pressing stress is balanced, and the drip irrigation tape is prevented from being crushed by overlarge pressure;
(5) the horizontal type groover consisting of the V-shaped plough blade and the blade frame can realize grooving quickly, soil is conveniently pushed to the two sides of the groove in the grooving process by the groover with the structure, and the height of the groover can be adjusted by adopting a screw rod connection mode, so that the groove is suitable for grooving with different heights and different depths, the adjustment is convenient and quick, and the connection is stable and reliable;
(6) the feeding mechanism formed by the feeding wheel, the driving wheel and the feeding wheel carrier can feed and lay according to the length requirement, accumulation caused by overlong is avoided, the laying smoothness of the drip irrigation tape is improved, the torsion spring is hinged, the driving wheel can be ensured to contact with the ridge surface in real time, and the feeding accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pepper sowing structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pepper after emergence of seedling and opening of film;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation tape laying device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a V-shaped blade;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drip irrigation tape with a pepper seed drill;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a valve plate linkage structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plow;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the film covering device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressing portion of the pressing roller;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the inclined plow blade;
FIG. 11 is a left side view of the oblique plow blade;
FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the inclined plow blade;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a film opening device;
fig. 14 is a schematic top view of the cutter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 3-7, a suitable karst area drip irrigation tape laying device comprises a walking vehicle 101 and a drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102, the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102 is rotatably connected to the walking vehicle 101, the walking vehicle 101 is provided with two rows of rollers, a handrail 133 is arranged on the upper side of the front end, a pressing wheel 103 and a groover 104 are respectively arranged on the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the walking vehicle 101, the bottom side of the pressing wheel 103 is wound with a drip irrigation tape 105 led out from the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102, the groover 104 can groove each ridge and face the pressing wheel 103, the rollers arranged in the front row and the rear row of the walking vehicle 101 are arranged in the grooves 5 on the two sides of the ridge, the pressing wheel 103 presses the drip irrigation tape 105 to the ridge 4, the free end of the drip irrigation tape is fixed at one end of the ridge to push the walking vehicle to walk, the laying of the drip irrigation tape can be rapidly realized, the position placement is accurate, the drip irrigation zone is pressed to the pressing wheel, can ensure that the drip irrigation zone levels and places the inslot, drips irrigation more evenly.
Preferably, the above-mentioned cylinder according to pinch roller 103 is provided with the annular groove, drip irrigation zone 105 upside embedding annular groove, press pinch roller 103 swivelling joint on pressing wheel carrier 106, it is provided with telescopic shaft 107 to press wheel carrier 106 upper end middle part, telescopic shaft 107 upper end activity is inserted and is adopted nut 109 to connect spacingly behind wheel seat 108, the inner cup joints compression spring 110, compression spring 110 both ends respectively fixed connection is on wheel seat 108 lower terminal surface and pressing wheel carrier 106 up end, wheel seat 108 fixed connection is on walking car 101 rear end face, set up the annular groove, can realize the spacing of drip irrigation zone, avoid droing, it is more accurate to press, press the wheel and adopt the elastic telescopic structure, can adapt to the even ground of unevenness and press, press the atress balanced, avoid the too big pressure to crush the drip irrigation zone.
Preferably, the groover 104 comprises a horizontal V-shaped plough blade 111 and a blade frame 112, the width of the V-shaped plough blade 111 is larger than that of the drip irrigation zone 105, the middle part of the upper end face of the V-shaped plough blade 111 is fixedly connected to the blade frame 112, the blade frame 112 comprises a screw 113 and a blade frame seat 114, the screw 113 penetrates through the blade frame seat 114 and then is clamped and locked by a double nut 115, the blade frame seat 114 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the walking vehicle 101, grooving can be realized quickly, soil can be pushed to the two sides of the groove by the groover in the grooving process, the height of the groover can be adjusted by adopting a screw connection mode, and therefore the groove can adapt to grooving with different heights and different depths, the adjustment is convenient and rapid, and the connection is.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding wheel 116, a driving wheel 117 and a feeding wheel carrier 118, the feeding wheel 116 is in cylindrical surface contact and is rotatably connected to the feeding wheel carrier 118, the driving wheel 117 is the same in outer diameter as the feeding wheel 116 and is in elastic contact with the feeding wheel 116 in the advancing direction of the walking vehicle 101, the driving wheel 117 is rotatably connected to the feeding wheel carrier 118, the feeding wheel carrier 118 is hinged to the bottom of the walking vehicle 101, a torsion spring 119 is arranged at the hinged position, the driving wheel 117 can be in elastic contact with ridges when the walking vehicle 101 advances, feeding and laying can be carried out according to the length requirement, accumulation caused by overlong is avoided, the drip irrigation tape laying smoothness is improved, the torsion spring is hinged, the driving wheel can be ensured to be in real-time contact with the ridge surface, the feeding accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a pepper seed drill mounted on the traveling vehicle 101, the pepper seed drill can be used for laying the drip irrigation tape and simultaneously drilling pepper seeds, the functionality of the drip irrigation tape laying device can be improved, the process of independent drilling of pepper can be reduced, and the cultivation efficiency can be improved, as shown in fig. 3-5, the pepper seed drill comprises a groove opener 120 and a seed matrix sprayer 121 mounted at the rear side of the groove opener 120, the two groove openers 120 are arranged behind two sides of the groover 104, the situation that the groove opener is influenced to open pepper seed grooves (the reason is that the grooves run in the soil ditching process and are covered due to too close to the grooves) after the groover is opened is avoided, the groove opener 120 adopts a groove plow, the groove plow is of a bar-shaped structure with an inverted V-shaped cross section, the front end is small, the rear end is large, and can open a V-shaped groove with a circular arc, the rear end of the upper side of the furrow plough is connected to an L-shaped furrow bracket 123 at the bottom of the walking vehicle 101 through an adjusting threaded rod 122 and locked by double nuts, a furrow opener of the structure can realize the opening of pepper seed furrows, the adjusting threaded rod can adjust the height so as to adapt to different furrow depths and different ground heights, a seed matrix sprayer 121 comprises a seed bin 124 and a matrix bin 125 which are arranged in front and back, the seed bin 124 and the matrix bin 125 are fixedly connected to the walking vehicle 101, discharge pipes of the seed bin 124 and the matrix bin 125 are respectively provided with a first valve plate 126 and a second valve plate 127, the side surfaces of the first valve plate 126 and the second valve plate 127 are connected to a linkage plate 128, the linkage plate 128 is connected to an adjusting seat 130 through a threaded rod 129 and locked by an adjusting nut 131, a valve plate return spring 132 is sleeved on the threaded rod 129, and two ends of the valve plate return spring 132, adjusting seat 130 fixed connection is in walking car bottom, can realize that the linkage of seed and matrix is opened and is closed, avoids opening respectively that the drill matrix or the hot pepper that leads to is inhomogeneous.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 3-14, a cultivation device suitable for direct seeding of pelleted pepper seeds in karst regions comprises a drip irrigation tape laying device, a pepper seed drill, a pepper film covering device and a simple film opening device, wherein the pepper seed drill is installed on the drip irrigation tape laying device, the drip irrigation tape laying device is used for laying a drip irrigation tape on a ridge, the pepper seed drill is used for performing seed broadcasting and matrix covering in the drip irrigation tape laying process, the pepper film covering device is used for covering a film on the ridge and hermetically covering the drip irrigation tape and the seed drill tape, the simple film opening device is used for cutting and opening the film after seedling emergence of the seeds, the drip irrigation tape laying device is used for realizing semi-automatic laying of the drip irrigation tape on the ridge, the pepper seed drill integrated on the drip irrigation tape laying is used for realizing the drill seeding of pepper seeds on the ridge, the equipment cost is reduced, the integration is high, and the equipment is more compact, adopt hot pepper tectorial membrane device tectorial membrane on the ridge and sealed cover drip irrigation zone and seed drilling area, open the membrane device and be used for cutting the tectorial membrane after the seed goes out seedling and open, the device has realized that drip irrigation zone's even laying, even drilling of seed and matrix evenly cover, tectorial membrane are opened membrane semi-automatization, reduce intensity of labour, reduce the labour, and the human cost reduces, improves hot pepper drilling accuracy nature, and drilling is scientific more.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device comprises a walking vehicle 101 and a drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102, the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102 is rotatably connected to the walking vehicle 101, the walking vehicle 101 is provided with two rows of rollers, the upper side of the front end is provided with a handrail 133, the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the walking vehicle 101 are respectively provided with a pressing wheel 103 and a groover 104, the bottom side of the pressing wheel 103 is wound with a drip irrigation tape 105 led out from the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel 102, the groover 104 can groove each ridge and face the pressing wheel 103, the front row of rollers and the rear row of rollers of the walking vehicle 101 are arranged in grooves 5 on two sides of the ridge, the pressing wheel 103 presses the drip irrigation tape 105 to the ridge 4, the free end of the drip irrigation tape is fixed at one end of the ridge in the laying process to push the walking vehicle to walk, so that the laying of the drip irrigation tape can be quickly realized, the position placement is accurate, the drip irrigation tape is placed in the grooves to avoid, the drip irrigation is more uniform.
Preferably, the above-mentioned cylinder according to pinch roller 103 is provided with the annular groove, drip irrigation zone 105 upside embedding annular groove, press pinch roller 103 swivelling joint on pressing wheel carrier 106, it is provided with telescopic shaft 107 to press wheel carrier 106 upper end middle part, telescopic shaft 107 upper end activity is inserted and is adopted nut 109 to connect spacingly behind wheel seat 108, the inner cup joints compression spring 110, compression spring 110 both ends respectively fixed connection is on wheel seat 108 lower terminal surface and pressing wheel carrier 106 up end, wheel seat 108 fixed connection is on walking car 101 rear end face, set up the annular groove, can realize the spacing of drip irrigation zone, avoid droing, it is more accurate to press, press the wheel and adopt the elastic telescopic structure, can adapt to the even ground of unevenness and press, press the atress balanced, avoid the too big pressure to crush the drip irrigation zone.
Preferably, the groover 104 comprises a horizontal V-shaped plough blade 111 and a blade frame 112, the width of the V-shaped plough blade 111 is larger than that of the drip irrigation zone 105, the middle part of the upper end face of the V-shaped plough blade 111 is fixedly connected to the blade frame 112, the blade frame 112 comprises a screw 113 and a blade frame seat 114, the screw 113 penetrates through the blade frame seat 114 and then is clamped and locked by a double nut 115, the blade frame seat 114 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the walking vehicle 101, grooving can be realized quickly, soil can be pushed to the two sides of the groove by the groover in the grooving process, the height of the groover can be adjusted by adopting a screw connection mode, and therefore the groove can adapt to grooving with different heights and different depths, the adjustment is convenient and rapid, and the connection is.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding wheel 116, a driving wheel 117 and a feeding wheel carrier 118, the feeding wheel 116 is in cylindrical surface contact and is rotatably connected to the feeding wheel carrier 118, the driving wheel 117 is the same in outer diameter as the feeding wheel 116 and is in elastic contact with the feeding wheel 116 in the advancing direction of the walking vehicle 101, the driving wheel 117 is rotatably connected to the feeding wheel carrier 118, the feeding wheel carrier 118 is hinged to the bottom of the walking vehicle 101, a torsion spring 119 is arranged at the hinged position, the driving wheel 117 can be in elastic contact with ridges when the walking vehicle 101 advances, feeding and laying can be carried out according to the length requirement, accumulation caused by overlong is avoided, the drip irrigation tape laying smoothness is improved, the torsion spring is hinged, the driving wheel can be ensured to be in real-time contact with the ridge surface, the feeding accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a pepper seed drill mounted on the traveling vehicle 101, the pepper seed drill can be used for laying the drip irrigation tape and simultaneously drilling pepper seeds, the functionality of the drip irrigation tape laying device can be improved, the process of independent drilling of pepper can be reduced, and the cultivation efficiency can be improved, as shown in fig. 5-7, the pepper seed drill comprises a groove opener 120 and a seed matrix sprayer 121 mounted at the rear side of the groove opener 120, the two groove openers 120 are arranged behind two sides of the groover 104, the situation that the groove opener is influenced to open pepper seed grooves (the reason is that the grooves run in the soil ditching process and are covered due to too close to the grooves) after the groover is opened is avoided, the groove opener 120 adopts a groove plow, the groove plow is of a bar-shaped structure with an inverted V-shaped cross section, the front end is small, the rear end is large, and can open a V-shaped groove with a circular arc, the rear end of the upper side of the furrow plough is connected to an L-shaped furrow bracket 123 at the bottom of the walking vehicle 101 through an adjusting threaded rod 122 and locked by double nuts, a furrow opener of the structure can realize the opening of pepper seed furrows, the adjusting threaded rod can adjust the height so as to adapt to different furrow depths and different ground heights, a seed matrix sprayer 121 comprises a seed bin 124 and a matrix bin 125 which are arranged in front and back, the seed bin 124 and the matrix bin 125 are fixedly connected to the walking vehicle 101, discharge pipes of the seed bin 124 and the matrix bin 125 are respectively provided with a first valve plate 126 and a second valve plate 127, the side surfaces of the first valve plate 126 and the second valve plate 127 are connected to a linkage plate 128, the linkage plate 128 is connected to an adjusting seat 130 through a threaded rod 129 and locked by an adjusting nut 131, a valve plate return spring 132 is sleeved on the threaded rod 129, and two ends of the valve plate return spring 132, adjusting seat 130 fixed connection is in walking car bottom, can realize that the linkage of seed and matrix is opened and is closed, avoids opening respectively that the drill matrix or the hot pepper that leads to is inhomogeneous.
Preferably, the pepper film covering device comprises a walking trolley 201, a furrow opener 202, a film placing device 203 and a covering device 204, the furrow opener 202 is two, the two sides of the front end of the walking trolley 201 are respectively symmetrical, the film placing device 203 is installed on the walking trolley 201 and can cover films on ridges, the two sides of the furrows opened by the furrow opener 202 are arranged in the grooves formed in the two sides of the bottom of the walking trolley 201, the covering device 204 is two, the two sides of the bottom of the walking trolley 201 are respectively installed on the two sides of the bottom of the walking trolley 203 and are located behind the film placing device 203, the films in the grooves can be covered, the films can be quickly covered, the labor intensity is reduced, the film covering efficiency and the film covering uniformity are improved, two.
Preferably, the furrow opener 202 comprises an inclined blade 205, an adjusting screw 206 and an L-shaped inclined blade base 207, the inclined blade 205 is fixedly connected with the adjusting screw 206, the adjusting screw 206 is screwed on the inclined blade base 207 and locked by a nut, the inclined blade base 207 is fixedly connected on the walking cart 201, the inclined blade 205 can meet the requirement that the two sides of the film cover the grooves, the adjusting screw is adopted to realize the excavation at different heights and different groove depths, the adjustment is convenient and quick, and the connection is stable and reliable.
Preferably, the film releasing device 203 comprises a pressing wheel 208, a pressing roller 209, a feeding roller 210, a driving roller 211 and a film winding roller 212, the film winding roller 212 winds the film 7, the film is led out and penetrates between the pressing wheel 208 and the pressing roller 209, the pressing wheel 208 is installed behind two ends of the pressing roller 209 and presses the film into the groove 6, the film winding roller 212 is rotatably connected to the walking cart 201 through a film winding roller frame 213, the diameters of the pressing roller 209, the diameter of the feeding roller 210 and the diameter of the driving roller 211 are the same, the adjacent two rollers are meshed and distributed in an isosceles triangle shape, the pressing roller 209 and the driving roller 211 respectively press the film 7 and the ridge 4, the pressing roller 209, the feeding roller 210 and the driving roller 211 are rotatably connected to a roller frame 214, the pressing wheel 208 is connected to the walking pushing cart 201 through a telescopic structure, the film releasing device with the structure can realize uniform film placement on the ridge, and uniform feeding is realized by the pressing roller, and the driving roller realizes the synchronous movement with the walking cart, the telescopic structure comprises a telescopic rod 215, a reset spring 216 and an L-shaped seat 217, the lower end of the telescopic rod 215 is fixedly connected to a wheel carrier 218 of a pressing wheel 208, the upper end of the telescopic rod movably penetrates through the lower end of the L-shaped seat 217 and then is limited by a nut, the reset spring 216 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 215, two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixedly connected to the pressing wheel 208 and the L-shaped seat 217, the elastic telescopic pressing wheel can realize the pressing of grooves with different depths, the pressing is stable and uniform, the film protecting effect can be achieved, the roller frame 214 is connected to the walking cart 201 through the elastic telescopic structure, the pressing is stable and uniform, and the film protecting effect can be achieved.
Preferably, the covering device 204 comprises a compacting roller 218 and covering plates 219, the covering plates 219 are installed on a covering bracket 220 in an outward inclined manner, the compacting roller 218 is rotatably connected to a compacting roller frame 221, the compacting roller frame 221 is connected to the covering bracket 220 through an elastic telescopic mechanism, the compacting roller 218 can elastically contact the soil surface covered by the covering plates 219, the covering plates 219 installed on both sides of the traveling cart 201 are splayed, the covering bracket 220 is fixedly connected to the traveling cart 201, the cross section of the rear end of the covering plate 219 is of a C-like structure, the front end of the covering plate 219 is flanged outwards to form an arc-shaped guide part, the covering device of the structure covers the soil through the covering plates, and compresses the covered soil by the compacting roller, so as to better realize the sealing of both sides of the film, horizontal spraying pipes 222 are installed between the covering plates 219 and the compacting roller 218, both ends of the spraying pipes 222 are sealed, on being connected to walking shallow 201 through the vertical pipe 223 rather than communicating, vertical pipe 223 passes through pipe connection to water pump 224, and water pump 224 is connected to water storage tank 225, through installing the shower water additional, can avoid becoming flexible with the film compaction after covering soil.
Preferably, the simple film opening device comprises a cutting knife 301 and a film opening cart 302, the cutting knife 301 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom side of the film opening cart 302 through a lifting mechanism, film drainage plates 303 inclined towards the upper rear side are arranged on two sides of the cutting knife 301, the film drainage plates 303 are of a right-angled trapezoid structure, the acute-angle end faces the direction of the knife point of the cutting knife 301, the outer side of the rear end portion is bent downwards to be of an arc structure, the film opening device can realize rapid film opening, the film slides to grooves on two sides of a ridge under the action of the film drainage plates to avoid touching germinated pepper seedlings, the lifting mechanism can realize the adjustment of the height of the cutting knife, so as to realize the cutting of the optimal position and avoid damaging the inner drip irrigation tape, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting screw 304 and an L-shaped fixing frame 305, the upper end of the L-shaped fixing frame 305 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the film opening cart 302, the height adjustment of the lifting mechanism is convenient and rapid, the connection is stable and reliable, the lower end of the lifting screw 304 is provided with the connecting double lugs 306, the upper end of the cutting knife 301 is provided with the connecting single lug 307, the connecting single lug 307 extends into the connecting double lugs 306 and then is fixedly connected by bolts, the angle adjustment of the cutting knife towards the soil direction can be realized, the adjustment is convenient, the connection is stable and reliable, the cutting knife 301 inclines forwards and downwards, the front-end cutting edge is of an arc-shaped structure, the bottom of the cutting knife is provided with the auxiliary roller 308 which can play a role of supporting the cutting knife in an auxiliary manner and pressing the drip irrigation tape, the drip irrigation tape is prevented from being damaged, the two sides of the film opening cart 302 are also provided with tamping mechanisms positioned behind the cutting knife 301, the tamping mechanisms are adopted, films covering the two sides of the ridge can be tamped after being covered by soil, the water retention effect is improved, the, the tamping roller 310 is rotatably connected on the tamping roller frame 312, the tamping roller frame 312 is connected on the digging support 311 through an elastic telescopic mechanism, the tamping roller frame 312 can be in elastic contact with the soil surface covered by the digging plate 309, the digging plates 309 arranged on two sides of the film-opening cart 302 are splayed, the digging support 311 is fixedly connected on the film-opening cart 302, the tamping roller which is elastically telescopic can be in close contact with the covered soil, so that the soil can be better pressed uniformly, a spray pipe 313 is arranged between the tamping roller 308 and the digging plate 309, the spray pipe 313 is provided with a water-permeable hole and is connected on the digging support 311 through a mounting pipe 314 communicated with the spray pipe, the mounting pipe 314 is connected to a pressure water pump 315 through a hose, the pressure water pump 315 is connected to a water tank 316 through a pipeline, the pressure water pump 315 and the water tank 316 are both arranged on the upper surface of the film-opening cart 302, and the film after being opened can be more reliably tamped by additionally spraying water, avoid not hard up, open the membrane shallow 302 bottom and set up two rows of gyro wheels, the upside is provided with front side handrail 317.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1-14, a cultivation method suitable for direct seeding of pelleted seeds of capsicum annuum in karst regions comprises the following steps:
1) selecting pepper varieties and pelleting: selecting pepper varieties with early maturity, consistent maturity and strong disease resistance, and carrying out pelleting treatment;
2) soil preparation, fertilization and ridging: deeply ploughing soil by using a rotary cultivator, applying enough farmyard manure or organic fertilizer, using 50Kg of ternary compound fertilizer (N-P-K = 15: 15: 15) for each mu, ridging according to the standard that the compartment width is 70-80cm, the adjacent compartments are ditched, the compartment ditch width is 30-50cm and the compartment ditch depth is 15-20cm, and finishing and leveling the compartment surface;
3) laying a drip irrigation tape, digging a sowing ditch, sowing, covering a matrix and covering a black film: laying a drip irrigation belt in the middle of a flat compartment surface, sowing seeds in a position 10cm away from the drip irrigation belt, wherein the standard width of the sowing seeds is 10cm, the standard depth of the sowing seeds is 5cm, and the pelletized pepper seeds are sowed manually or mechanically, and are covered with a layer of seedling raising matrix of 1.0-1.5cm while being sowed, and the compartment surface is covered with a black film;
4) field management: moisture management is carried out according to the conditions of temperature, humidity and rainwater in the film within 7 days after sowing, the black film is cut off from the middle in time after seeds sprout, the film is compacted on two sides of the compartment surface by soil, thinning and weed treatment are carried out when 6 leaves of the pepper seedlings are in one heart, and fertilizer water and pest management is carried out by utilizing a drip irrigation tape in the growth period.
The cultivation device and the method have the following advantages:
(1) the seed treated by pelleting is high in germination rate (about 90%), storage-resistant and advanced in process; the pelleted raw materials are green and safe, and compared with seedling transplanting root systems, the pelleted seed direct seeding pepper has well-developed main roots (the main roots are as long as 25 cm), and the plants have stronger drought resistance and fertilizer water absorption, so that the disease resistance of the plants is increased due to the fact that pathogenic bacteria in soil are prevented from infecting pepper seedlings;
(2) by adopting a direct seeding cultivation mode, the greenhouse seedling is moved to the field by effectively utilizing the Guizhou climate conditions (the air temperature rises again in 4 months, the rainfall is sufficient in 5-6 months, and the illumination is sufficient in 7-8 months), so that the manpower and material resources required by the greenhouse seedling link are saved, the resource waste of water, fertilizer, floating trays, seedling matrix and the like in the seedling process is avoided, the labor cost of artificial seeding and seedling transplanting is saved, and the water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated and accurate management is realized through mechanized seeding and drip irrigation, so that the best use of the things is really realized;
(3) the drip irrigation belts are arranged on the ridges and positioned between the two strips of the pepper, so that sufficient and uniform water can be ensured, the cultivation matrix is covered on the strips of the pepper by about 1cm, nutrition required by pepper seed cultivation can be ensured, the germination rate and the survival rate are greatly improved, the black film is covered, the influence of over-strong light on seedling emergence is avoided, weed growth is prevented, the black film is cut from the middle part and compacted to the two sides of the ridges after the pepper seedlings emerge, the effects of fertilizer and water conservation can be achieved, the black film is prevented from being wasted, and the utilization rate is improved;
(4) in the laying process of the drip irrigation tape laying device, the free end of the drip irrigation tape is fixed at one end of the ridge, the walking vehicle is pushed to walk, the laying of the drip irrigation tape can be quickly realized, the position is accurately placed, the drip irrigation tape is placed in the groove, the movement is avoided, the smooth covering of the film is facilitated, the drip irrigation tape is pressed by the pressing wheel, the drip irrigation tape can be ensured to be flatly placed in the groove, and the drip irrigation is more uniform;
(5) the annular groove is arranged, so that the drip irrigation tape can be limited, the drip irrigation tape is prevented from falling off, the pressing is more accurate, the pressing wheel adopts an elastic telescopic structure, the uniform pressing can adapt to uneven ground, the pressing stress is balanced, and the drip irrigation tape is prevented from being crushed by overlarge pressure;
(6) the horizontal type groover consisting of the V-shaped plough blade and the blade frame can realize grooving quickly, soil is conveniently pushed to the two sides of the groove in the grooving process by the groover with the structure, and the height of the groover can be adjusted by adopting a screw rod connection mode, so that the groove is suitable for grooving with different heights and different depths, the adjustment is convenient and quick, and the connection is stable and reliable;
(7) the feeding mechanism consisting of the feeding wheel, the driving wheel and the feeding wheel carrier is adopted, feeding and laying can be carried out according to the length requirement, accumulation caused by overlong is avoided, the laying smoothness of the drip irrigation tape is improved, the driving wheel can be ensured to contact with the ridge surface in real time by adopting torsional spring hinging, and the feeding accuracy is improved;
(8) the pepper film covering device consisting of the walking trolley, the furrow opener, the film releasing device and the covering device can cover the film in the groove, can realize the quick covering of the film, reduces the labor intensity, and improves the film covering efficiency and the film covering uniformity;
(9) the inclined plough blade can meet the requirement that grooves are formed in the two sides of the film in a covering mode, excavation at different heights and different groove depths can be achieved by adopting the adjusting screw rod, adjustment is convenient and rapid, and connection is stable and reliable;
(10) the specific structure of the film placing device can realize that the film is uniformly placed on the ridge, the pressing roller is adopted to press and the feeding roller is adopted to uniformly feed the film, the driving roller realizes synchronous movement with the walking cart, the elastic telescopic pressing wheel can realize pressing of grooves with different depths, the pressing is stable and uniform, the film protecting function can be realized, and the roller frame in elastic telescopic connection can realize stable and uniform pressing and can play a role in protecting the film;
(11) the covering device covers soil through the covering plate, and the covered soil is compressed by the compacting roller, so that the two sides of the film are better sealed, and the film covered with the soil can be compacted by additionally arranging spray water, so that the loosening is avoided;
(12) the simple film cutting device consisting of the cutting knife and the film cutting cart can realize quick film cutting, the film slides to the grooves at the two sides of the ridge under the action of the film drainage plate to avoid touching the germinated pepper seedlings, the lifting mechanism can realize the adjustment of the height of the cutting knife so as to realize the cutting of the optimal position and avoid damaging the drip irrigation tape inside, the height of the lifting mechanism is convenient and quick to adjust, the connection is stable and reliable, the angle adjustment of the cutting knife towards the soil direction can be realized in a single-lug and double-lug connection mode, the adjustment is convenient, the connection is stable and reliable, the bottom is provided with an auxiliary roller wheel which can play a role of supporting the cutting knife in an auxiliary way and pressing the drip irrigation tape so as to avoid damaging the drip irrigation tape, the tamping mechanism is adopted to tamp the films covering the two sides of the ridge after the films are covered by soil, the water retaining effect is improved, and the tamping roller which is, thereby better press soil, press evenly, through installing the shower water additional, can be more reliable with the film tamp after opening the membrane, avoid becoming flexible.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional drip irrigation zone laying device in karst region which characterized in that: the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel comprises a walking vehicle (101) and a drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel (102), wherein the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel (102) is rotatably connected to the walking vehicle (101), a pressing wheel (103) and a groover (104) are respectively arranged on the rear side and the front side of the bottom of the walking vehicle (101), a drip irrigation tape (105) led out from the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel (102) is wound on the bottom side of the pressing wheel (103), the groover (104) can be grooved for each ridge and is right opposite to the pressing wheel (103), and the drip irrigation tape winding grooved wheel further comprises a pepper seed sowing device installed on the walking vehicle (101).
2. The multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device for the karst region according to claim 1, wherein: the pepper seed drill comprises a groove opener (120) and a seed matrix sprayer (121) arranged on the rear side of the groove opener (120), the groove opener (120) is arranged behind the two sides of the grooving device (104) in two ways, a groove plough is adopted by the groove opener (120), the groove plough is of a bar-shaped structure with an inverted V-shaped cross section, the front end of the groove plough is small, the rear end of the groove plough is large, a V-shaped groove with a circular arc at the bottom can be formed, and the rear end of the upper side of the groove plough is connected to an L-shaped groove support (123) at the bottom of a walking vehicle (101) through an adjusting threaded rod (122) and locked by a double nut.
3. The multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device for the karst region according to claim 2, wherein: the seed matrix sprayer (121) comprises a seed bin (124) and a matrix bin (125) which are arranged in front and back, the seed bin (124) and the matrix bin (125) are fixedly connected to the traveling vehicle (101), discharge pipes of the seed bin (124) and the matrix bin (125) are respectively provided with a first valve plate (126) and a second valve plate (127), the side surfaces of the first valve plate (126) and the second valve plate (127) are connected to a linkage plate (128), the linkage plate (128) is connected to an adjusting seat (130) through a threaded rod (129) and locked by an adjusting nut (131), a valve plate return spring (132) is sleeved on the threaded rod (129), two ends of the valve plate return spring (132) abut against the linkage plate (128) and the adjusting seat (130), and the adjusting seat (130) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the traveling vehicle.
4. The multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device for the karst region according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with the annular groove according to the cylinder of pinch roller (103), drip irrigation zone (105) upside embedding annular groove in, press pinch roller (103) swivelling joint on pressing wheel carrier (106), it is provided with telescopic shaft (107) to press wheel carrier (106) upper end middle part, telescopic shaft (107) upper end activity is inserted and is adopted nut (109) to connect spacingly behind wheel seat (108), inner cup joints compression spring (110), compression spring (110) both ends difference fixed connection is terminal surface under wheel seat (108) and presses wheel carrier (106) up end, wheel seat (108) fixed connection is on walking car (101) rear end face.
5. The multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device for the karst region according to claim 1, wherein: the drip irrigation tape laying device further comprises a feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprises feeding wheels (116), driving wheels (117) and feeding wheel carriers (118), the feeding wheels (116) are in pair, cylindrical surface contact is kept, the feeding wheel carriers (118) are rotationally connected, the driving wheels (117) are identical to the feeding wheel carriers (116) in outer diameter and are in elastic contact with the feeding wheels (116) in the advancing direction of the travelling trolley (101), the driving wheels (117) are rotationally connected onto the feeding wheel carriers (118), the feeding wheel carriers (118) are hinged to the bottom of the travelling trolley (101) and are provided with torsion springs (119) at hinged positions, and the driving wheels (117) can be in elastic contact with ridges when the travelling trolley (101) advances.
6. The multifunctional drip irrigation tape laying device for the karst region according to claim 1, wherein: the groover (104) comprises a horizontal V-shaped plough blade (111) and a blade frame (112), the width of the V-shaped plough blade (111) is larger than that of the drip irrigation tape (105), the middle part of the upper end face of the V-shaped plough blade (111) is fixedly connected to the blade frame (112), the blade frame (112) comprises a screw rod (113) and a blade frame seat (114), the screw rod (113) penetrates through the blade frame seat (114) and then is clamped and locked by double nuts (115), and the blade frame seat (114) is fixedly connected to the front end face of the walking vehicle (101).
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