CN1120155C - 2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物及农药 - Google Patents

2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物及农药 Download PDF

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CN1120155C
CN1120155C CN98809039A CN98809039A CN1120155C CN 1120155 C CN1120155 C CN 1120155C CN 98809039 A CN98809039 A CN 98809039A CN 98809039 A CN98809039 A CN 98809039A CN 1120155 C CN1120155 C CN 1120155C
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朝田亨
饭山美香
坪井宏幸
后藤孝史
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Abstract

本发明课题在于提供一种不担心对作物的药害、对于细菌和丝状菌引起的植物病害具有优良防治效果的新颖化合物,以及以该化合物为有效成分的农药,特别是植物病害防治剂。作为此课题的解决手段,提供了由通式(1)表示的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,以及2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇或其苯甲酸酯和这些化合物为有效成分的农药,[式中,W表示可以被取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、三氟甲基吡啶基、-COR1、-SO2R2、-PO(OR3)2、-CONHR4、-COOR4、-COCOR4、或-SiR5R6R7;其中R1表示可以被取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基、可以被取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基、具有一个移特定取代基的苯基、或含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基;R2表示烷基、苯基;R3表示烷基;R4表示烷基或苯基;R5~R7表示烷基。]

Description

2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物及农药
技术领域
本发明涉及新颖的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物及含有该化合物作为有效成分的农药,特别涉及植物病害防治剂。
背景技术
在农业生产中有必要防治各种植物病原菌、害虫和杂草等,而农药则变成迄今为此采用的有效手段。但是,某种化合物作为农药即使具有优良活性,但是由于对植物,特别是对农药施用对象的作物产生药害而不优选;而且即使是不产生药害的化合物,也存在因药效低而不能实用等问题。因此,迫切希望研制而且出药效优良,且药害小的化合物。
在2514823号特许和特开平1-283270号公报中,公开了特定结构的2,6-二氯异烟酸衍生物化合物,具有保护作物抵御病原性微生物的作用。然而,这些化合物虽然药效好,但是对于某些农作物有药害。
本发明的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇,例如,可以以2,6-二氯异烟酸或其酯为原料,利用还原反应合成[实用化学杂志J.Pract.Chem.,134卷,177-187页(1932)、第3,615,293号西德专利公报]。然而,过去根本不知道,本发明的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,以及2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物作为农药使用的用途。
本发明要解决的课题在于,提供一种对作物药害的担心小、对于植物病原体病毒、细菌和丝状菌使植物产生的各种病害具有优良防治效果的新颖的化合物,以及以该化合物、2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和/或其苯甲酸酯为有效成分的农药,特别是植物病害防治剂。
                        发明的公开
为解决这样的问题而经过深入研究后,本发明人等发现:通式(1)表示的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,作为农药,特别是对于防治植物病害,少量使用时是即有效的,而且不必担心对植物体的药害,因而完成了本发明。
也就是说,本发明提供:
(1)一种以下述通式(1)表示的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,[式中,W表示未取代或可以被(烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可被卤原子取代的吡啶基)取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、三氟甲基吡啶基、-COR1、-SO2R2、-PO(OR3)2、-CONHR4、-COOR4、-COCOR4、或-SiR5R6R7;式中,R1表示未取代或可以被(烷氧基、烷硫基、可以被烷氧基取代的苯基、羟基、苯基烷氧基、苯基烷硫基、烷氧基羰基、烷基羰基氨基或苯氧基)取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基、可以被(可被烷氧基取代的苯基)取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基、具有从(卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基)中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基,或者可以被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基;R2表示1~12个碳原子的烷基或可被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基;R3表示1~4个碳原子的烷基;R4表示1~3个碳原子的烷基或苯基;R5~R7分别表示1~4个碳原子的相同或不同烷基。]
(2)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示未取代,或被(烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可被卤原子取代的吡啶基)取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、或三氟甲基吡啶基。
(3)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中,R1表示未取代或被(烷氧基、烷硫基、可以被烷氧基取代的苯基、羟基、苯基烷氧基、苯基烷硫基、烷氧基羰基、烷基羰基氨基或苯氧基)取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基、未取代或被(可被烷氧基取代的苯基)取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基、具有从(卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基)中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基,或者可被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基。
(4)按照(3)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示未取代或可以被(可被烷氧基取代的苯基)取代的链烯基。
(5)按照(3)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示具有从(卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基)中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基。
(6)按照(5)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示可被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧苯基。
(7)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-SO2R2,其中R2表示1~12个碳原子的烷基或可被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基。
(8)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-PO(OR3)2,其中R3表示1~4个碳原子的烷基.
(9)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-CONHR4、-COOR4、-COCOR4,其中R4表示1~3个碳原子的烷基或苯基。
(10)按照(1)中记载的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-SiR5R6R7,其中R5、R6和R7分别表示1~4个碳原子的相同或不同烷基。
(11)一种农药,其中含有上述(1)~(10)中任何一项记载的一个以上2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物作为有效成分。
(12)一种农药,其中含有通式(1)中W为氢原子的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和/或W为苯基羰基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇苯甲酸酯作为有效成分。
(13)按照(11)或(12)中记载的农药,作为植物病害防治剂。
(14)含有(13)记载农药的植物病害防治剂,是稻瘟病防治剂。
                   实施发明的最佳方式
通式(1)表示的化合物中,由W和R1~R7表示的具有规定碳原子数的取代或未取代的烷基,可以举出从直链、支链或环烷基中选出的,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、2-丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、正己基、2-乙基己基、正十二烷基、正十八烷基、正二十烷基、环丙基、环戊基、环己基、甲氧甲基、甲氧乙基、丁氧丁基、甲氧戊基、十二烷氧乙基、乙基硫代乙基、甲基硫代丙基、甲基硫代丁基、辛基硫代丙基、氰基乙基、氰基丙基、氰基己基、苄基、苯乙基、苯丙基、乙氧苄基、甲氧苯基丙基、吡啶基甲基、氯代吡啶基甲基、羟基甲基、羟基己基、苄氧基甲基、苄基硫代乙基、甲氧羰基丁基、乙酰胺基甲基、苯氧基乙基等。
由R1表示的可以被可被烷氧基取代的苯基取代的链烯基,可以举出例如乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、丁二烯基、戊二烯基、十七碳二烯基、苯基乙烯基、苯基丙烯基、甲氧苯基乙烯基等。
由R1表示的具有一个以上相同或不同规定取代基的苯基,例如可以举出氟代苯基、氯代苯基、溴代苯基、甲基苯基、己基苯基、三氟甲基苯基、氯代甲基苯基、甲氧苯基、己氧苯基、十二烷氧基苯基、环己氧基苯基、二氟甲氧基苯基、三氟乙氧基苯基、丙烯氧基苯基、硝基苯基、氨基苯基、N,N-二甲氨基苯基、氰基苯基、乙酰氨基苯基、苯甲酰氨基苯基、乙酰氧基苯基、联苯基、苯氧基苯基等。
由R1表示的可以被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代,并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基,例如可以举出呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、吡喃基、吡啶基、甲基吡啶基等。
由R2表示的可以被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基,例如可以举出甲基苯基、己基苯基、十二烷基苯基等。
此外,若要列举通式(1)表示化合物的具体结构,则如表1~10中所示,表1中2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和表5中的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇苯甲酸酯是已知化合物,其他化合物是新化合物。
表1
Figure C9880903900101
表2
Figure C9880903900112
表3
Figure C9880903900121
Figure C9880903900122
表4
表5
Figure C9880903900141
表6
Figure C9880903900151
Figure C9880903900152
表7
Figure C9880903900161
表8
Figure C9880903900171
表9
表10
Figure C9880903900191
本发明的通式(1)表示的化合物,可以用制造醚或酯时使用的一般方法制造,例如可以用下面所示反应式(2)~(4)的方法制造。但是本发明化合物的制造方法并不限于这些制造方法。其中,反应式(2)~(4)中W和R1的含义,与通式(1)中定义相同,R8表示1~4个碳原子的烷基,L表示羟基或卤原子,M表示氢或金属原子(钠、钾、铯等)。
Figure C9880903900201
也就是说,在适当溶剂中,必要时在脱水剂、酸或碱存在下,通过使2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇或其醇盐与卤代烷基衍生物、羧酸衍生物、羧酰氯衍生物、磺酰氯衍生物、磷酰氯衍生物,卤代甲酸衍生物或卤代硅烷衍生物等反应,可以得到2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
而且,通过使2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇与适当卤化剂或芳基磺酸等反应形成离去基后,使之与羧酸衍生物、醇衍生物反应,可以得到式(1)表示的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
此外,在酸或碱等催化剂存在下,使2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇与烯烃衍生物或异氰酸酯衍生物等进行加成反应,也可以得到通式(1)表示的化合物。
反应溶剂,可以使用己烷、苯、甲苯等烃类,甲醇、乙醇等醇类,乙二醇、乙二醇单乙醚等多元醇和多元醇酯类,二乙醚、四氢呋喃等醚类,氯仿、二氯乙烷等卤代烃类,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜等极性非质子溶剂等。
作为碱,可以使用三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺、吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、二氮杂双环十一碳烯等有机碱类,氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾等氢氧化物,碳酸钾、碳酸铯等碳酸盐等。反应温度因溶剂和碱等不同而异,通常处于-10℃~沸点范围内。反应时间因反应温度、溶剂和碱等不同而异,通常为0.1~10小时,优选0.5~5小时。
关于合成本发明化合物时使用的原料2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇,其合成方法例如记载在实用化学杂志J.Prakt.Chem.134卷,177~187页(1932年)上。
本发明的新颖化合物包括:
通式(1)中W为未取代或被(烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可以被卤原子取代的吡啶基)取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、或三氟甲基吡啶基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物;
通式(1)中W表示-SO2R2,R2表示1~12个碳原子的烷基、或可以被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物;
通式(1)中W表示-PO(OR3)2,R3表示1~4个碳原子的烷基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物;
通式(1)中W表示-CONHR4、-COOR4或-COCOR4,R4表示1~3个碳原子的烷基或苯基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物;
通式(1)中W表示-SiR5R6R7,其中R5~R7分别表示1~4个碳原子的相同或不同烷基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
其中从农药活性和药害平衡性能考虑,优选通式(1)中W为未取代或被(可被烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可以被卤原子取代的吡啶基)取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、或三氟甲基吡啶基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
而且,本发明的新颖化合物是:
通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示未取代、或被(烷氧基、烷硫基、可以被烷氧基取代的苯基、羟基、苯基烷氧基、苯基烷硫基、烷氧基羰基、烷基羰基氨基或苯氧基)取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基,
未取代、或被(可被烷氧基取代的苯基)取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基,
具有从(卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基)中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基,
或可被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
在这些化合物中,从农药活性和药害平衡性能考虑,优选R1表示未取代、或被(可以被烷氧基取代的苯基)取代链烯基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,以及具有从(卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基)中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
其中,更优选R1是可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧苯基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物。
以本发明的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物为有效成分的农药,特别是植物病害防治剂,适用于由植物病原体病毒、细菌和丝状菌引起的各种病害,例如稻子的主要病害中稻瘟病和黄瓜的斑点病等,特别对稻瘟病显示优良的效果。本药剂不仅对植物病原菌具有直接杀菌作用,而且据认为由于还可以引出植物体本身具有的对植物病原菌的抵抗反应而能够发挥病害防止效果。
本药剂虽然可以单独使用本发明的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,但是通常使用农药制剂。可以与公知惯用的固体和液体载体,以及分散剂、稀释剂、乳化剂、展着剂和增粘剂等助剂混合,制成水合剂、液剂、油剂、粉剂、颗粒剂和溶胶剂(流动剂)等剂型使用。
作为固体和液体载体,可以举出例如滑石粉、粘土、膨润土、高岭土、硅藻土、蒙脱石、云母、蛭石、石膏、碳酸钙、白炭黑、木粉、淀粉、氧化铝、硅酸盐、聚糖、石蜡类、水、醇类(甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、乙二醇、苯甲醇等)、石油馏份(石油醚、煤油、溶剂石脑油等)、脂肪或脂环烃类(正己烷、环己烷等)、芳烃类(苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、氯代苯、异丙苯、甲基萘等)、卤代烃类(氯仿、二氯甲烷等)、醚类(异丙醚、环氧乙烷、四氢呋喃等)、酮类(丙酮、乙基甲基酮、环己酮、异丁基甲基酮等)、酯类(乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙二醇乙酸酯、乙酸戊酯等)、酰胺类(二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰替苯胺等)、腈类(乙腈、丙腈、丙烯腈等)和亚砜类(二甲基亚砜等)、醇醚类(乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚等)等。
作为助剂,可以举出例如非离子型表面活性剂(聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基酯、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐烷基酯、山梨糖醇酐烷基酯等)、阴离子表面活性剂(烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基磺基琥珀酸盐、聚氧乙烯烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐等)、阳离子表面活性剂(烷基胺类、聚氧乙烯烷基胺类、季铵盐等)、两性表面活性剂(烷基氨基乙基甘氨酸、烷基二甲基甜菜碱等)、聚乙烯醇、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、西黄蓍胶、呫吨胶、聚乙烯基乙酸酯、明胶、酪蛋白和藻酸钠等。
此外,本药剂可以与各种农业园艺用杀菌剂、除草剂、植物生长调节剂、杀虫剂和杀螨剂等农药以及肥料等混合使用。本药剂中有效成分含量因制剂形态、施用方法和其他条件而异,通常为0.5~95重量%,优选1~50重量%。
本药剂的施用方法,可以采用在植物上施用(茎叶散布)、在培育植物的土壤上施用(土壤施用)、水田水面上施用(水面施用)和在种子上施用(种子处理)等。
本药剂的施用量因适用的植物和适用的病害等不同而异,在茎叶散布的情况下,在每10公亩施用50~300升有效成分浓度为1~10000ppm,优选10~1000ppm的溶液;对于土壤施用和水面施用而言,有效成分的施用量为每10公亩0.1~1000克,优选10~100克。而且在种子处理的场合下,相对于1千克种子优选使用0.001~50克有效成分。
本发明的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物不必担心对植物产生药害,而且可以用作植物病害防治剂,对于防治植物病原体病毒、细菌和丝状菌引起的各种植物病害具有优良的防治效果。
                      实施例
以下列举一些实施例、制剂例和试验例说明本发明,但是本发明不受这些实例的限制。
                      实施例1
将0.18克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇溶解在5毫升四氢呋喃(以下记作THF)中,用冰冷却后,加入0.04克氢化钠(油性,60%)。向其中滴入将0.15克碘代甲烷溶解在2毫升THF中得到的溶液,室温下搅拌2小时。向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯,此有机层经水洗涤后,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.06克2,6-二氯-4-甲氧基甲基吡啶(化合物1)。
核磁共振光谱(内标TMS,溶剂CDCl3)(ppm):
3.46(s,3H),4.45(s,2H),7,25(s,2H)。
                    实施例2
将0.36克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和0.1克三乙胺溶解在2毫升THF中,室温下向其中加入0.12克乙腈,搅拌2小时。反应液在室温下放置过夜后,加入乙酸乙酯,用水洗涤有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.23克2,6-二氯-4-(2-氰基乙氧基甲基)吡啶(化合物6)。
熔点:65.5℃
质谱:230、232、161、163。
                      实施例3
将3.56克2,6-氯-4-吡啶甲醇和4毫升吡啶溶解在20毫升THF中,向其中滴加将0.8毫升二氯亚砜溶解在12毫升二氯甲烷中得到的溶液,搅拌2小时。然后,将其加热回流1小时,冷却后加入二乙醚萃取。有机层水洗后,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了2.31克双(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基甲基)醚(化合物11)。
熔点:69.1℃
质谱:337、336、338、161、160、162、309。
                     实施例4
将0.09克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和0.51克三乙胺溶解在5毫升THF中,冰冷却下向其中滴加将0.31克乙酰氯溶解在2毫升THF中得到的溶液,搅拌2小时。反应液在室温下放置过夜,加入乙酸乙酯,水洗有机层后,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.10克乙酸(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物13)。
                     实施例5
向0.36克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和0.30克4-甲基苯甲酸中加入0.5毫升THF和2毫升二氯甲烷溶解,向其中加入0.44克1-乙基-3-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳化二亚胺盐酸盐和0.56克4-二甲氨基吡啶,搅拌2小时。反应液在室温下放置过夜,加入乙酸乙酯,水洗此有机层后,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.36克4-甲基苯甲酸(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物45)。
                     实施例6
将1.4克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇溶解在5毫升吡啶中,用冰冷却。向其中滴加1.5克用2-硝基苯甲酸和二氯亚砜制备的2-硝基苯甲酰氯。反应液在室温下搅拌2小时后,加入二氯甲烷,水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了1.4克2-硝基苯甲酸(2,6-氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物69)。
                     实施例7
将0.36克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和0.40克三乙胺4毫升吡啶溶解在4毫升THF中,用冰冷却。向其中滴加将0.42克4-甲基苯磺酰氯-水合物溶解在2毫升THF中得到的溶液。反应液在室温下搅拌2小时后,加入二乙醚,水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.43克4-甲基苯磺酸(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物89)。
                     实施例8
将0.25克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇溶解在1毫升吡啶4中,用冰冷却。向其中滴加0.15毫升异氰酸苯酯。反应液在室温下搅拌2小时后,加入二氯甲烷,水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.20克苯基氨基甲酸(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物89)。
                     实施例9
将0.35克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇、0.31克苯甲酰基甲酸和0.19克碳酸氢钠加到5.0毫升二甲基甲酰胺中,70℃下加热搅拌4小时。冷却后,向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯,水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.18克苯甲酰基甲酸(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)甲基酯(化合物95)。
对照例:2,6-二氯-4-氯甲基吡啶的制备
将5.0克2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和2.5毫升吡啶悬浮在10毫升甲苯中,用食盐-冰浴冷却。在1小时内向其中滴加2.7毫升二氯亚砜,然后在110℃下将反应液加热搅拌3小时。冷却后,向其中加水,用二乙醚萃取。水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了5.0克2,6-二氯-4-氯甲基吡啶。
                     实施例10
将0.30克2,6-二氯-4-氯甲基吡啶和0.25克叔丁基二甲基氯代甲硅烷加到4.0毫升二甲基甲酰胺中溶解。用冰浴将其冷却后,加入0.14克咪唑,室温下搅拌5.5小时。向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯,水洗有机层,加入硫酸钠干燥。蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析精制残余物,得到了0.41克2,6-二氯-4-((1,1-二甲基乙基)二甲基甲硅烷基)氧甲基吡啶(化合物96)。
                   实施例11~96
与实施例1~10同样得到了表11~27中记载的化合物2~5、7~10、12、14~44、46~68、70~88、90~92以及94。表13和26中,物性值“oil”表示“油状”的意思。表27中,化合物97和98是已知化合物。
表11
Figure C9880903900282
表12
Figure C9880903900291
表13
Figure C9880903900302
表14
Figure C9880903900312
表15
Figure C9880903900322
表16
Figure C9880903900332
表17
Figure C9880903900341
Figure C9880903900342
表18
Figure C9880903900352
表19
表20
Figure C9880903900372
表21
表22
Figure C9880903900391
表23
Figure C9880903900401
Figure C9880903900402
表24
Figure C9880903900411
表25
Figure C9880903900422
表26
Figure C9880903900431
Figure C9880903900432
表27
Figure C9880903900442
制剂例1:粉剂
将化合物1~98所示的2重量份2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,分别与98重量份粘土混合粉碎,制成粉剂。
制剂例2:水合剂
将化合物1~98所示的20重量份2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,分别与68重量份粘土、8重量份白炭黑和4重量份聚氧乙烯壬基酚醚混合粉碎,制成水合剂。
制剂例3:颗粒剂
将化合物1~98所示的5重量份2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,分别与90重量份膨润土与滑石粉的等量混合物以及5重量份烷基苯磺酸钠混合粉碎,制成颗粒剂。
试验例1:稻瘟病防治试验(土壤施用)
向栽培钵(直径6厘米,高5.5厘米)中培育的二叶期稻苗(品种:爱知旭)上施用制剂例2记载的各水合剂经水稀释制成的药液(有效成分量:0.01毫克/钵)。14日后,喷雾接种稻瘟病病菌(Pyriculariaoryzae)孢子的悬浮液,在25℃潮湿室内放置24小时后,在温室中放置。接种10日后,调查病斑数。
使用市售的噻菌灵(烯丙异噻唑)颗粒剂(有效成分8%)和2,6-二氯异烟酸(特许2514823中记载的化合物)作为对照用稻瘟病防治剂,使有效成分量相同,按同样方法进行试验。由下式算出防止率。以叶子的枯萎作为药害表证,观察植物体生长受抑制的情况。结果示于表28之中。表中的负号(-)表示未发生药害,而正号(+)表示产生了药害。
防治率=[(未处理区病斑数-处理区病斑数)/
        未处理区病斑数]×100
                       表28
  化合物号 防治率(%) 叶子枯萎 植物体生长抑制
    1     81     -     -
    6     88     -     -
    8     81     -     -
    13     86     -     -
    16     87     -     -
    18     99     -     -
    19     78     -     -
    20     92     -     -
    27     94     -     -
    31     89     -     -
    32     87     -     -
                       表29
  化合物号 防治率(%) 叶子枯萎 植物体生长抑制
    33     71    -       -
    40     84    -       -
    42     87    -       -
    47     98    -       -
    49     94    -       -
    51     91    -       -
    55     91    -       -
    57     80    -       -
    60     82    -       -
    61     88    -       -
    65     96    -       -
                        表30
  化合物号 防治率(%) 叶子枯萎 植物体生长抑制
    66     95     -     -
    80     91     -     -
    90     74     -     -
    97     98     -     -
    98     89     -     -
噻菌灵     75     -     -
2,6-二氯异烟酸     85     +     +
试验例2:黄瓜细菌性角斑病的防治
对栽培钵(直径10厘米,高9厘米)中培育的四叶期黄瓜(品种:常磐新地这)苗,以茎叶散布方式施用由制剂例2记载的各水合剂经水稀释制成的有效成分浓度为200ppm的药液。7日后,喷雾接种病原细菌悬浮液,在25℃潮湿室内放置48小时后,在温室中放置。接种7日后,调查下位4叶的病斑数。与试验例1同样算出防治率。结果化合物号1~98化合物的防治率为75~100%。而作为对照药剂的2-氯-6-羟基异烟酸经同样方式试验后,防治率为60%。
               产业上应用的可能性
本发明可以提供新颖的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,和含有该化合物作为有效成分的农药,以及作为有效成分含有2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和/或其苯甲酸酯的农药,特别是不必担心对植物体药害,而且具有充分效果的植物病害防治剂,特别是稻瘟病防治剂。

Claims (14)

1、(1)一种由下述通式(1)表示的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,
Figure C9880903900021
式中,W表示未取代或可以被烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可以被卤原子取代的吡啶基取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、三氟甲基吡啶基、-COR1、-SO2R2、-PO(OR3)2、-CONHR4、-COOR4、-COCOR4、或-SiR5R6R7
其中,R1表示未取代或可以被烷氧基、烷硫基、可以被烷氧基取代的苯基、羟基、苯基烷氧基、苯基烷硫基、烷氧基羰基、烷基羰基氨基或苯氧基取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基、可以被可被烷氧基取代的苯基取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基、具有从卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基,或者可以被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基;
R2表示1~12个碳原子的烷基或可被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基;
R3表示1~4个碳原子的烷基;
R4表示1~3个碳原子的烷基或苯基;
R5~R7分别表示1~4个碳原子的相同或不同烷基。
2、按照权利要求1所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示未取代,或被烷氧基、烷硫基、氰基、苯基或可被卤原子取代的吡啶基取代的1~8个碳原子的烷基、或三氟甲基吡啶基。
3、按照权利要求1中所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中,R1表示未取代或被烷氧基、烷硫基、可以被烷氧基取代的苯基、羟基、苯基烷氧基、苯基烷硫基、烷氧基羰基、烷基羰基氨基或苯氧基取代的1~18个碳原子的烷基、未取代或被可被烷氧基取代的苯基取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基、具有从卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基,或者是可被1~4个碳原子的烷基取代并含有氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作为一个环原子的五元或六元杂环残基。
4、按照权利要求3所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示未取代或被可被烷氧基取代的苯基取代的1~18个碳原子的链烯基。
5、按照权利要求3所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示具有从卤原子、可以被卤原子取代的1~6个碳原子的烷基、可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧基、2~3个碳原子的链烯氧基、硝基、氨基、1~4个碳原子的烷基氨基、氰基、乙酰氨基、苯甲酰氨基、乙酰氧基、苯基或苯氧基中选出的一个以上相同或不同取代基的苯基。
6、按照权利要求5所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-COR1,其中R1表示可以被卤原子取代的1~12个碳原子的烷氧苯基。
7、按照权利要求1所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-SO2R2,而R2表示1~12个碳原子的烷基或可以被1~12个碳原子的烷基取代的苯基。
8、按照权利要求1所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-PO(OR3)2,而R3表示1~4个碳原子的烷基。
9、按照权利要求1所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-CONHR4、-COOR4、-COCOR4,其中R4表示1~3个碳原子的烷基或苯基。
10、按照权利要求1所述的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物,其中通式(1)中W表示-SiR5R6R7,其中R5、R6和R7分别表示1~4个碳原子的相同或不同烷基。
11、一种农药,其中含有上述权利要求1~10中任何一项记载的一个以上2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇衍生物作为有效成分。
12、一种农药,其中含有通式(1)中W为氢原子的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇和/或W为苯基羰基的2,6-二氯-4-吡啶甲醇苯甲酸酯作为有效成分。
13、按照权利要求11或12所述的农药是植物病害防治剂。
14、按照权利要求13所述的农药,其中所说的植物病害防治剂是稻瘟病防治剂。
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CN1270581A (zh) 2000-10-18
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EP1016661B1 (en) 2005-08-03
DE69831085D1 (de) 2005-09-08
WO1999012907A1 (fr) 1999-03-18
AU9000198A (en) 1999-03-29
TW490287B (en) 2002-06-11
AU736746B2 (en) 2001-08-02
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US6281231B1 (en) 2001-08-28
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