CN111937735B - Atomizing type soilless flower trough and using method thereof - Google Patents
Atomizing type soilless flower trough and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111937735B CN111937735B CN202010842715.7A CN202010842715A CN111937735B CN 111937735 B CN111937735 B CN 111937735B CN 202010842715 A CN202010842715 A CN 202010842715A CN 111937735 B CN111937735 B CN 111937735B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/18—Semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. foams or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G2031/006—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics with means for recycling the nutritive solution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gardening, in particular to an atomization type soilless flower trough and a using method thereof; including curb plate, the cover body, basin, stealthy dirty pump, spiral nozzle, guide bar and flexible clamp, the lower extreme and the curb plate top rigid coupling of the cover body left and right sides, the cover body left and right sides is provided with a plurality of circular through-holes, and the protective sheath has all been inserted in circular through-hole department, a plurality of spiral nozzle is installed at cover body top, spiral nozzle is including going out the water end and intaking the end, go out the water end and intake the end intercommunication, go out the water end for the hollow spiral cone that reduces gradually, the cover body is vertical to be inserted there is the stereoplasm water pipe, and stereoplasm water pipe lower extreme rigid coupling has a stealthy dirty pump, the flexible clamp includes steel ring, fixed block and chuck, and the chuck is for cutting a fissured pressure sensitive adhesive block, and the crack that can break the chuck during the use is cliied the main root of plant end, and the main root of every taproot system plant is all extended by the force, reduces the possibility of entangling mutually between them.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gardening, in particular to an atomization type soilless flower trough and a using method thereof.
Background
Aeroponic culture is a further improvement on soilless culture and is still in the stage of popularization. The aeroponic culture, also known as aeroponic culture, is a novel culture mode, and is a soilless culture technology which utilizes a spraying device to atomize nutrient solution into small fog drops which are directly sprayed to plant roots to provide water and nutrients required by plant growth. Particularly in the gardening industry, the aeroponics technology is mainly applied to the cultivation of flower seedlings, such as aeroponics flower tanks, also called aeroponics soilless flower tanks. The aeroponics has the advantages of saving nutrient solution, and greatly reducing the occurrence of rotten roots because the root system of the plant is separated from the water tank.
The defects of the prior art are as follows: 1. a nutrient solution circulating and filtering system is needed, redundant nutrient solution sprayed on the root system of the plant can drop into the water tank, meanwhile, broken or fallen root hairs can drop along with the liquid drops, and the nutrient solution is filtered by the circulating and filtering system and then used for spraying again, so that filter materials are consumed; 2. the roots of the plants with the taproot system can randomly swing along with turbulence generated by spraying, even the roots of the adjacent plants can be entangled together (the roots of the two adjacent plants cannot be arranged at intervals greatly in order to reduce the occupied area, for example, as shown by black circles in fig. 7, the roots of the two adjacent plants are seriously entangled), subsequent transplantation is not facilitated (the roots of the plants with the taproot system are usually fluffy and disoriented, large-scale entanglement cannot be easily caused, and the plants with the taproot system can be directly cut off even though entanglement occurs, and the main roots of the plants with the taproot system are directly cut off, so that slow growth is easily caused), the common flowers on the market are dicotyledon plants, namely, most of the flowers are the plants with the taproot system, and therefore, the existing soilless flower troughs are not suitable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a flower tank for aeroponics, which can cultivate flower seedlings by an aeroponics mode, and a using method of the flower tank.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an atomization type soilless flower trough comprises side plates, a cover body, a water trough, a submersible sewage pump, spiral spray heads, guide rods and flexible clamps, wherein the two side plates are arranged in an opposite mode, the cross section of the cover body is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, the lower ends of the left side and the right side of the cover body are fixedly connected with the tops of the side plates, a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the cover body, protective sleeves are inserted into the circular through holes and used for sheathing the stem parts of plants, the roots of the plants are arranged in the cover body, organs such as leaves, flowers and fruits are arranged outside the cover body, and the plants are not prone to large displacement at the circular through holes; the water tank is rectangular, flanges are arranged on two sides of the water tank, a sliding groove for the water tank to move up and down is formed in the inner wall of the side plate corresponding to the flange of the water tank, a screw hole for fixing the flange is formed in the inner wall of the side plate, and a screw is screwed in the screw hole; the top of the cover body is provided with a plurality of spiral spray heads, each spiral spray head comprises a water outlet end and a water inlet end, the water outlet end is communicated with the water inlet end, the water outlet end is a hollow spiral cone which is gradually reduced, the spray head hardly has the possibility of blockage because no filtering mechanism or valve mechanism is arranged, the water outlet end of each spiral spray head is positioned in the cover body, the water inlet end of each spiral spray head is positioned outside the cover body, the cover body is vertically inserted with a hard water pipe, the lower end of each hard water pipe is fixedly connected with a submersible sewage pump, the top end of each hard water pipe is respectively connected with the water inlet end of each spiral spray head through a pipeline, and the submersible sewage pump directly pumps nutrient solution which possibly contains root hairs into the spiral spray heads, so that a circulation path is reduced, the circulation efficiency is improved, the existing filtering device is abandoned, and energy consumption and filter material loss generated by filtering are saved; the downside of each circular through-hole of the both sides orientation of stereoplasm water pipe corresponding side all is connected with the guide bar, all overlaps on every guide bar to be equipped with a flexible clamp (its weight is no longer than 5 g) for the main root end of centre gripping plant, the flexible clamp includes steel ring, fixed block and chuck, the steel ring is the circle that the steel wire bending formed, and the fixed block is the hot melt adhesive piece, and the chuck is for cutting a fissured pressure sensitive adhesive piece, and the fixed block is with steel ring and chuck fixed connection, can break the crack of chuck during the use and carry the main root end of plant, and the steel ring receives gravity to influence and must drive the main root of plant and move down along the guide bar slant, until the main root is stretched, and the main root of every root of straightening plant is all stretched by the force, reduces the possibility that probably entangles mutually between them, is particularly suitable for the longer flower seedling of main root such as impatiens balsa flower, erythrina.
In one embodiment, the hard water pipe is made of a stainless steel pipe, and the guide rod is made of a steel wire, so that welding is facilitated.
In one embodiment, a wiring hole is formed in the top of the side plate, a power line of the submersible sewage pump penetrates out of the wiring hole and is externally connected with commercial power, and rubber mud is filled between the power line and the wiring hole to prevent a large amount of fog from leaking.
In one embodiment, the protective sleeve comprises foam cotton which is rolled into a cylinder shape and a paraffin layer coated on the inner wall of the foam cotton, wherein the thickness of the paraffin layer is 0.5-2 mm. The paraffin can play a role in lubrication, and the foam cotton is not easy to axially crack due to the elongated stem part when a plant grows. In addition, the paraffin has better biocompatibility compared with foam cotton.
In one embodiment, cover body top is provided with a plurality of operation mouth, and the managers of being convenient for stretch into the cover body with the arm and operate, and the operation mouth is the rectangle, the apron has all been placed to the operation mouth for prevent external pollution and fog from leaking in a large number, a plurality of universal wheels are installed to the basin bottom, and the basin of being convenient for pushes into between the curb plate.
An application method of an atomization type soilless flower trough comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a transplantation pretreatment slurry, wherein the transplantation pretreatment slurry consists of a gel and an oil agent;
wherein the gel is prepared by adding the following KNO into 1000mL of water 3 1.9-3.5g、NH 4 NO 3 0.65-1.7g、MgSO 4 0.64-1.2g、KH 2 PO 4 0.15-0.6g、CaCl 2 ·H 2 O 0.3-1.2g、FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2-0.4g、MnSO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.017-0.085g、KI 0.004-0.02g、CuSO 4 0.00003-0.00006g、CoCl 2 0.00003-0.00006g、HBO 3 0.007-0.0095g, 2-10mg of NAA, 0.5-2mg of KT, 0.4-0.8g of glutamine, 2-5g of agar, 19-20g of cane sugar and 5-10g of bacteriostatic agent, uniformly mixing, boiling, adjusting pH to 6, standing at room temperature, cooling to below 37 ℃, pouring into a juice extractor, 15000 r/min, and pulverizing for 3 min for later use; obviously, the gel contains NAA and KT, can promote the healing and the growth of the flower seedling root system, reduce the root system damage caused by transplantation, and in addition, the agar with the concentration of two to five thousandths of a whole gel has very low hardness and strength, and is easy to stir and crush into paste which is easy to spray;
wherein the oil agent is glycerol; the existence of the glycerin is more beneficial to the water retention of the small particles after the gel is crushed; in addition, the capability of the gel to attach to the root system is enhanced more importantly;
the weight ratio of the gel to the oil agent is 1000:139; pouring the two into a stirrer to be mixed for 10 minutes at 2000 revolutions per minute to obtain transplantation pretreatment slurry;
filling the transplantation pretreatment slurry into a spray can;
spraying the transplanting pretreatment slurry on the root system of the flower seedling to be transplanted, inverting the flower seedling (with the root upward) during spraying, spraying downwards from the root tip until the transplanting pretreatment slurry flows to the stem part along the main root as seen by naked eyes, stopping spraying, holding the root system by hand and gathering the lateral root around the main root, wherein the lateral root is not easy to open in a short time due to the adhesion effect of the transplanting pretreatment slurry, and the root system is convenient to insert and pass through the circular through hole; the gel in the transplantation pretreatment slurry supplements moisture and nutrition to the root system before the submersible sewage pump is started, and stimulates the root system to accelerate growth and wound healing through phytohormone; in addition, most root hairs in the root system are covered by the transplantation pretreatment slurry with the bacteriostatic function, which is equivalent to bacteriostatic protection when the flower seedlings are weakest after transplantation, so that the occurrence of root rot is greatly reduced;
step four, using a protective sleeve to sleeve the junction of the stem and the root of the flower seedling;
inserting the root system and the protective sleeve into the circular through hole, and keeping the protective sleeve at the circular through hole;
step six, clamping the front end of the main root by a crack of a chuck of the flexible clamp, and moving the flexible clamp downwards along the guide rod in a slant manner until the main root is stretched and then standing for 1-1.5 hours;
step seven, preparing nutrient solution, and pouring the nutrient solution into a water tank;
pushing the water tank between the two side plates, lifting the water tank by using a tool, penetrating a screw hole of the side plate by using a screw, and abutting against a flange of the water tank, so that the water tank is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the side plate, and the submersible sewage pump is just positioned in the water tank;
step nine, electrifying a plug of a submersible sewage pump, continuously pumping the nutrient solution in the water tank into the spiral spray head by the submersible sewage pump, smashing the water flow into water mist by the spiral spray head (the high-speed water flow impacts a hollow spiral cone at the water outlet end of the spiral spray head), and avoiding filtering even if the nutrient solution is mixed with impurities such as rotten roots, root hairs and the like, thereby saving filtering materials; the nutrient solution can wash away the transplantation pretreatment slurry on the root system, and the cultivation of the flower seedlings is switched to a normal aeroponics procedure;
step ten, performing aeroponics until flower seedlings grow to an expected shape, wherein the expected shape is specified by workers, for example, impatiens balsamina is usually cultured until flower buds appear and then transplanted to a finished product flowerpot; then taking out the flower seedlings together with the protective sleeve, and then spraying and transplanting pretreatment slurry by using a watering can again and then transplanting if the root system is damaged in a large range so as to ensure the survival rate of the transplanting;
and step eleven, cutting off the power supply of the submersible sewage pump, taking out the screw, taking out the water tank, and cleaning and disinfecting the water tank.
In one embodiment, the nutritional liquid contains Ca (NO) per 1000mL of water 3 )2.4H 2 O 945mg、KNO 3 609mg、(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ·3H 2 O 115mg、MgSO 4 493mg, 2.5mL of iron salt solution and 5mL of trace element solution;
wherein the preparation method of the ferric salt solution is that FeSO is added 4 ·7H 2 Dissolving O2.78 g and EDTA.Na 3.73g in 500mL of water;
preparation method of trace element solutionThe method comprises mixing KI 0.83mg and H 3 BO 3 6.2mg、MnSO 22.3mg、ZnSO 4 8.6mg、Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.25mg、CuSO 4 0.025mg、CoCl 2 0.025mg was dissolved in 1000mL of water.
In one embodiment, the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing vegetable leaves, vegetable roots, barks, fruit peels, sweet potato seedlings and cumin seeds according to the following weight ratio of (99);
s2, crushing the material obtained in the step one by a crusher to obtain crushed materials;
s3, adding the crushed materials into clear water with the weight being three times that of the crushed materials, and boiling for 1 hour;
s4, filtering the mixture by using a 100-mesh screen to obtain clear liquid;
s5, concentrating the clear liquid to be half of the weight of the clear liquid in the step S4 for later use.
In the embodiment, because the natural raw materials are adopted, the health and environment-friendly flower pot is more in line with the pursuit of modern people for health and environment protection, and is suitable for flowers with ornamental and edible values, such as edible chrysanthemum. The cumin seed boiled water has antibacterial effect, and can reduce bacterial infection of root system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the submersible sewage pump is matched with the spiral nozzle, so that the nutrient solution containing impurities and dripping from the root system can be directly recycled without filtering, and the use of filter materials is reduced; the guide rod and the flexible clamp are arranged, the front end of the main root is clamped by the flexible clamp, so that the main root is relatively stretched, and is not easy to be entangled with other root systems under the impact of water mist and air flow, and the subsequent whole flower seedling is taken out; the water tank is of a detachable structure, and is convenient to detach, clean, disinfect and sterilize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flexible clip;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective sheath;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a spiral spray head;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the sink being installed or removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a plant of the prior art in which the roots of the flower seedlings are entangled with each other.
In the figure, 1, side plate; 2. a cover body; 3. a water tank; 4. a hard water pipe; 5. a submersible sewage pump; 6. a spiral spray head; 7. a protective sleeve; 8. a guide bar; 9. a flexible clip; 10. a flange; 11. a screw; 12. a wiring hole; 13. a power line; 14. a chute; 15. steel rings; 16. a fixed block; 17. a chuck; 18. foam cotton; 19. a paraffin layer; 20. a water inlet end; 21. a water outlet end; 22. a cover plate; 23. a universal wheel.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the attached figures:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, an atomizing soilless flower trough comprises two side plates 1, a cover body 2, a water trough 3, a submersible sewage pump 5, a spiral spray head 6, a guide rod 8 and a flexible clamp 9, wherein the two side plates 1 are oppositely arranged, the cross section of the cover body 2 is isosceles trapezoid, the lower ends of the left side and the right side of the cover body 2 are fixedly connected with the top of the side plate 1, a plurality of circular through holes are arranged on the left side and the right side of the cover body 2, protective sleeves 7 are inserted into the circular through holes, and the protective sleeves 7 are used for sheathing the stem parts of plants, so that the roots are in the cover body 2, and the organs such as leaves, flowers, fruits and the like are outside the cover body 2, and the plants are not easy to generate large displacement at the circular through holes; the water tank 3 is rectangular, flanges 10 are arranged on two sides of the water tank 3, a sliding groove 14 for the water tank 3 to move up and down is arranged on the inner wall of the side plate 1 corresponding to the flange 10 of the water tank 3, a screw hole for fixing the flange 10 is formed in the side plate, and a screw 11 is screwed into the screw hole; the top of the cover body 2 is provided with a plurality of spiral nozzles 6, each spiral nozzle 6 comprises a water outlet end 21 and a water inlet end 20, the water outlet end 21 is communicated with the water inlet end 20, the water outlet end 21 is a gradually reduced hollow spiral cone, the nozzles hardly have the possibility of blockage because no filtering mechanism or valve mechanism is arranged, the water outlet end 21 of each spiral nozzle 6 is positioned in the cover body 2, the water inlet end 20 is positioned outside the cover body 2, the cover body 2 is vertically inserted with a hard water pipe 4, the lower end of the hard water pipe 4 is fixedly connected with a submersible sewage pump 5 (the submersible sewage pump 5 adopts a small-volume model, so that the weight is small, the water outlet is directly screwed with the hard water pipe 4, the hard water pipe 4 is simultaneously used as a water outlet pipeline and a fixing mechanism), the top end of the hard water pipe 4 is respectively connected with the water inlet end 20 of the spiral nozzle 6 through a pipeline, the submersible sewage pump 5 directly pumps nutrient solution which possibly contains root hairs into the spiral nozzles 6, the circulation path is reduced, the circulation efficiency is improved, the existing filtering device is abandoned, and the energy consumption and the filter material loss generated by filtering are saved; the downside of each circular through-hole of the both sides orientation of stereoplasm water pipe 4 corresponding side all is connected with guide bar 8, all overlaps on every guide bar 8 to be equipped with a flexible clamp 9 for the main root end of centre gripping plant, flexible clamp 9 includes steel ring 15, fixed block 16 and chuck 17, steel ring 15 is the circle that the steel wire bending formed, and fixed block 16 is the hot melt adhesive block, and chuck 17 is for cutting the pressure sensitive adhesive block that has a crack, and fixed block 16 is steel ring 15 and chuck 17 fixed connection, can break the crack of chuck 17 during the use and carry the main root end of plant, and steel ring 15 receives the influence of gravity and must drive the main root of plant along guide bar 8 slant downwardly movement, until the main root is stretched, and the main root of every root of straightening plant all is stretched by the reinforce, reduces the possibility that can entangle mutually between them, is particularly suitable for the longer flower seedling of main root such as impatiens balsa tree, erythrina indica and uses.
4 materials of stereoplasm water pipe are stainless steel pipe, and guide bar 8 is the copper wire, the welding of being convenient for.
A wiring hole 12 is formed in the top of the side plate 1, a power line 13 of the submersible sewage pump 5 penetrates out of the wiring hole 12 and is externally connected with a mains supply, and rubber mud is filled between the power line 13 and the wiring hole 12 to prevent a large amount of fog from leaking.
The protective sleeve 7 comprises a foam cotton 18 which is curled into a cylinder shape and a paraffin layer 19 coated on the inner wall of the foam cotton 18, wherein the thickness of the paraffin layer 19 is 0.5-2 mm. The paraffin can play a role in lubrication, and the extended stem part is not easy to axially support the foam cotton 18 when the plant grows. In addition, the paraffin has better biocompatibility than the foam 18.
An application method of an atomization type soilless flower trough comprises the following steps:
preparing a transplantation pretreatment slurry, wherein the transplantation pretreatment slurry consists of a gel and an oil agent;
wherein the gel is prepared by adding the following KNO into 1000mL of water 3 3g、NH 4 NO 3 1g、MgSO 4 1g、KH 2 PO 4 0.3g、CaCl 2 ·H 2 O 0.6g、FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.3g、MnSO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.05g、KI 0.001g、CuSO 4 0.00004g、CoCl 2 0.00004g、HBO 3 0.008g, NAA 7mg, KT 1mg, glutamine 0.5g, agar 3g, cane sugar 19g and bacteriostatic agent 7g (carbendazim powder is adopted in the embodiment), the materials are mixed uniformly, boiled and adjusted to pH 6, placed at room temperature and cooled to below 37 ℃, and poured into a juicer at 15000 rpm and crushed for 3 minutes for standby; obviously, the gel contains NAA and KT, can promote the healing and the growth of the flower seedling root system, reduce the root system damage caused by transplantation, and in addition, the agar with the concentration of two to five thousandths of a whole gel has very low hardness and strength, and is easy to stir and crush into paste which is easy to spray;
wherein the oil agent is glycerol; the existence of the glycerin is more beneficial to the water retention of the small particles after the gel is crushed; in addition, the capability of the gel to attach to the root system is enhanced more importantly;
the weight ratio of the gel to the oil agent is 1000:139; pouring the two into a stirrer to be mixed for 10 minutes at 2000 revolutions per minute to obtain transplantation pretreatment slurry;
filling the transplantation pretreatment slurry into a spray can;
spraying the transplanting pretreatment slurry on the root system of the flower seedling to be transplanted, inverting the flower seedling (with the root upward) during spraying, spraying downwards from the root tip until the transplanting pretreatment slurry flows to the stem part along the main root as seen by naked eyes, stopping spraying, holding the root system by hand and gathering the lateral root around the main root, wherein the lateral root is not easy to open in a short time due to the adhesion effect of the transplanting pretreatment slurry, and the root system is convenient to insert and pass through the circular through hole; the gel in the transplantation pretreatment slurry supplements moisture and nutrition to the root system before the submersible sewage pump is started, and stimulates the root system to accelerate growth and wound healing through phytohormone;
step four, sheathing the junction of the stem and the root of the flower seedling with a protective sleeve;
inserting the root system and the protective sleeve into the circular through hole, and keeping the protective sleeve at the circular through hole;
step six, clamping the front end of the main root by a crack of a chuck of the flexible clamp, and moving the flexible clamp downwards along the guide rod in a slant manner until the main root is stretched and then standing for 1.5 hours;
step seven, preparing nutrient solution, and pouring the nutrient solution into a water tank;
pushing the water tank between the two side plates, lifting the water tank by using a tool, penetrating a screw hole of the side plate by using a screw, and abutting against a flange of the water tank, so that the water tank is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the side plate, and the submersible sewage pump is just positioned in the water tank;
step nine, electrifying a plug of a submersible sewage pump, continuously pumping the nutrient solution in the water tank into the spiral spray head by the submersible sewage pump, smashing the water flow into water mist by the spiral spray head (the high-speed water flow impacts a hollow spiral cone at the water outlet end of the spiral spray head), and avoiding filtering even if the nutrient solution is mixed with impurities such as rotten roots, root hairs and the like, thereby saving filtering materials; the nutrient solution can wash away the transplantation pretreatment slurry on the root system, and the cultivation of the flower seedlings is switched to a normal aeroponics procedure;
step ten, performing aeroponics until flower seedlings grow to an expected shape, wherein the expected shape is specified by workers, for example, impatiens balsamina is usually cultured until flower buds appear and then transplanted to a finished product flowerpot; then taking out the flower seedlings and the protective sleeve together, and then spraying the transplanting pretreatment slurry by using a watering can again and then transplanting if the root system is damaged in a large range so as to ensure the transplanting survival rate;
and step eleven, cutting off the power supply of the submersible sewage pump, taking out the screw, taking out the water tank, and cleaning and disinfecting the water tank.
The nutrient solution contains Ca (NO) in each 1000mL of water 3 )2.4H 2 O 945mg、KNO 3 609mg、(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ·3H 2 O 115mg、MgSO 4 493mg, 2.5mL of iron salt solution and 5mL of trace element solution;
wherein the preparation method of the ferric salt solution is that FeSO is added 4 ·7H 2 Dissolving O2.78 g and EDTA.Na 3.73g in 500mL of water;
wherein the trace element solution is prepared by mixing KI 0.83mg and H 3 BO 3 6.2mg、MnSO 22.3mg、ZnSO 4 8.6mg、Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.25mg、CuSO 4 0.025mg、CoCl 2 0.025mg was dissolved in 1000mL of water.
In the embodiment, the submersible sewage pump adopts an SAS-40 hydraulic slurry pump. To the installation and the dismantlement of basin, this embodiment adopts fork truck to assist, fork truck's fork holds the basin and inserts the basin between two curb plates and then pushes the basin in the assigned position and rise and make the flange of basin rise to the highest point of spout during the installation, use the screw to twist the flange that supports the basin and can realize the fixed basin fixed finally, in this embodiment, the bottom of stealthily dirty pump just supports the basin bottom plate after the basin has been installed, stealthily dirty bottom of pump is a guard shield, its periphery all is equipped with the hole that can intake, do not influence and draw water, and there is the vibration range of the reducible stealthily dirty pump during operation of support of basin. In this embodiment, since the cover body has no opening for operation, it is necessary for the worker to operate the flexible clamp from the bottom of the cover body before the sink is mounted (to clamp the main root of the flower seedling with the flexible clamp). The nutrient solution in the water tank is replaced once a week.
In addition, the right side of the hard water pipe of the embodiment is not provided with the guide rod and the matched flexible clamp, which means that the embodiment can also be compatible with the cultivation of plants with fibrous root systems, such as nutgrass flatsedge.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, cover body 2 top is provided with a plurality of operation mouth, and the managers of being convenient for stretch into the interior operation that operates of cover body 2 with the arm (mainly manually press from both sides the main root of flower seedling on the flexibility presss from both sides), and the operation mouth is the rectangle, apron 22 has all been placed to the operation mouth for prevent external pollution and fog from leaking in a large number, a plurality of universal wheels 23 are installed to 3 bottoms in basin, and the basin 3 of being convenient for pushes into between the curb plate 1.
The other structure of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the mounting and dismounting of the flume is assisted using a fork lift. Because the universal wheel is installed to the basin, so can be manual push it between two curb plates, then use the fork of heap high machine to rise the basin for the flange of basin rises to the highest point of spout, then uses the screw to support the flange, realizes the fixed of basin.
Example 3
An atomization type soilless flower trough comprises side plates 1, a cover body 2, a water trough 3, a submersible sewage pump 5, a spiral spray head 6, a guide rod 8 and a flexible clamp 9, wherein the number of the side plates 1 is two, the two side plates 1 are oppositely arranged, the cross section of the cover body 2 is isosceles trapezoid, the lower ends of the left side and the right side of the cover body 2 are fixedly connected with the top of the side plates 1, a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the cover body 2, protective sleeves 7 are inserted into the circular through holes, the protective sleeves 7 are used for sheathing the stems of plants, so that the roots are in the cover body 2, and organs such as leaves, flowers, fruits and the like are outside the cover body 2, and the plants are not easy to generate large displacement at the circular through holes; the water tank 3 is rectangular, flanges 10 are arranged on two sides of the water tank 3, a sliding groove 14 for the up-and-down movement of the water tank 3 is formed in the inner wall of the side plate 1 corresponding to the flange 10 of the water tank 3, a screw hole for fixing the flange 10 is formed, and a screw 11 is screwed into the screw hole; the top of the cover body 2 is provided with a plurality of spiral spray heads 6, each spiral spray head 6 comprises a water outlet end 21 and a water inlet end 20, the water outlet end 21 is communicated with the water inlet end 20, the water outlet end 21 is a gradually reduced hollow spiral cone, and because no filtering mechanism or valve mechanism is arranged, the spray head hardly has the possibility of blockage, the water outlet end 21 of each spiral spray head 6 is positioned in the cover body 2, the water inlet end 20 is positioned outside the cover body 2, the cover body 2 is vertically inserted with a hard water pipe 4, the lower end of the hard water pipe 4 is fixedly connected with a submersible sewage pump 5 (the submersible sewage pump 5 adopts a small-volume model, so the weight is small, the water outlet of the submersible pump is directly screwed with the hard water pipe 4, the hard water pipe 4 is simultaneously used as a water outlet pipeline and a fixing mechanism), the top end of the hard water pipe 4 is respectively connected with the water inlet end 20 of the spiral spray heads 6 through a pipeline, the submersible sewage pump 5 directly pumps nutrient solution which possibly contains root hairs into the spiral spray heads 6, so that a circulating path is reduced, the circulating path is improved, the circulating efficiency is improved, the existing filtering device is abandoned, and energy consumption and filter material loss generated by filtering are saved; the downside of each circular through-hole of the both sides orientation corresponding side of stereoplasm water pipe 4 all is connected with guide bar 8, all overlaps on every guide bar 8 to be equipped with a flexible clamp 9 for the main root end of centre gripping plant, flexible clamp 9 includes steel ring 15, fixed block 16 and chuck 17, steel ring 15 is the circle that the steel wire is crooked to be formed, and fixed block 16 is the hot melt adhesive block, and chuck 17 is for cutting the pressure sensitive adhesive block that has a crack, and fixed block 16 is steel ring 15 and chuck 17 fixed connection, can break the crack of chuck 17 and carry the main root end of plant during the use, and steel ring 15 receives gravity to influence and must drive the main root of plant along guide bar 8 inclined downward movement, until the main root is extended, and the main root of every taproot system plant all is extended by the reinforce, reduces the possibility that probably entangles mutually between them, is particularly suitable for the longer flower seedling of main root such as impatiens flower, thorn etc. and uses.
4 materials of stereoplasm water pipe are stainless steel pipe, and guide bar 8 is the copper wire, the welding of being convenient for.
A wiring hole 12 is formed in the top of the side plate 1, a power line 13 of the submersible sewage pump 5 penetrates out of the wiring hole 12 and is externally connected with a mains supply, and rubber mud is filled between the power line 13 and the wiring hole 12 to prevent a large amount of fog from leaking.
The protective sleeve 7 comprises a foam cotton 18 which is curled into a cylinder shape and a paraffin layer 19 coated on the inner wall of the foam cotton 18, wherein the thickness of the paraffin layer 19 is 0.5-2 mm. The paraffin can play a role in lubrication, and the extended stem part is not easy to axially support the foam cotton 18 when the plant grows. In addition, the paraffin has better biocompatibility than the foam 18.
An application method of an atomization type soilless flower trough comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a transplantation pretreatment slurry, wherein the transplantation pretreatment slurry consists of a gel and an oil agent;
wherein the gel is prepared by adding the following KNO into 1000mL of water 3 3g、NH 4 NO 3 1g、MgSO 4 1g、KH 2 PO 4 0.3g、CaCl 2 ·H 2 O 0.6g、FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.3g、MnSO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.05g、KI 0.001g、CuSO 4 0.00004g、CoCl 2 0.00004g、HBO 3 0.008g, NAA 7mg, KT 1mg, glutamine 0.5g, agar 3g, sucrose 19g and bacteriostatic agent 7g (carbendazim powder is adopted in the embodiment), the materials are uniformly mixed, boiled and adjusted to pH 6, placed at room temperature and cooled to below 37 ℃, and poured into a juice extractor 15000 r/min and crushed for 3 minutes for standby; obviously, the gel contains NAA and KT, can promote the root system of the flower seedling to heal and grow, reduce the root system damage produced because of transplanting, in addition, two to five per thousand of agar of concentration make the whole gel hardness, intensity very low, stir and pulverize into the paste easy to spray easily;
wherein the oil agent is glycerol; the existence of the glycerin is more beneficial to the water retention of the small particles after the gel is crushed; in addition, the capability of the gel to attach to the root system is enhanced more importantly;
the weight ratio of the gel to the oil agent is 1000:139; the two are poured into a stirrer to be mixed for 10 minutes at 2000 revolutions per minute to obtain transplantation pretreatment slurry;
filling the transplantation pretreatment slurry into a spray can;
spraying the transplanting pretreatment slurry on the root system of the flower seedling to be transplanted, inverting the flower seedling (with the root upward) during spraying, spraying downwards from the root tip until the transplanting pretreatment slurry flows to the stem part along the main root as seen by naked eyes, stopping spraying, holding the root system by hand and gathering the lateral root around the main root, wherein the lateral root is not easy to open in a short time due to the adhesion effect of the transplanting pretreatment slurry, and the root system is convenient to insert and pass through the circular through hole; the gel in the transplantation pretreatment slurry supplements moisture and nutrition to the root system before the submersible sewage pump is started, and stimulates the root system to accelerate growth and wound healing through phytohormone;
step four, sheathing the junction of the stem and the root of the flower seedling with a protective sleeve;
inserting the root system and the protective sleeve into the circular through hole, and keeping the protective sleeve at the circular through hole;
step six, clamping the front end of the main root by a crack of a chuck of the flexible clamp, and enabling the flexible clamp to move downwards along the guide rod in a slant mode until the main root is stretched and then standing for 1.5 hours;
preparing nutrient solution, and pouring the nutrient solution into a water tank;
pushing the water tank between the two side plates, lifting the water tank by using a tool, penetrating the water tank into screw holes of the side plates by using screws and abutting against flanges of the water tank, so that the water tank is fixed on the upper parts of the inner walls of the side plates, and the submersible sewage pump is just positioned in the water tank;
step nine, electrifying a plug of the submersible sewage pump, continuously pumping the nutrient solution in the water tank into the spiral spray head by the submersible sewage pump, smashing the water flow by the spiral spray head to form water mist (the high-speed water flow impacts on a hollow spiral cone at the water outlet end of the spiral spray head), and avoiding filtering even if the nutrient solution is mixed with impurities such as rotten roots, root hairs and the like, thereby saving filter materials; the nutrient solution can wash away the transplantation pretreatment slurry on the root system, and the cultivation of the flower seedlings is switched to a normal aeroponics procedure;
step ten, performing aeroponics until flower seedlings grow to an expected shape, wherein the expected shape is specified by workers, for example, impatiens balsamina is usually cultured until buds appear, and then the buds can be transplanted to a finished product flowerpot; then taking out the flower seedlings together with the protective sleeve, and then spraying and transplanting pretreatment slurry by using a watering can again and then transplanting if the root system is damaged in a large range so as to ensure the survival rate of the transplanting;
and step eleven, cutting off the power supply of the submersible sewage pump, taking out the screw, taking out the water tank, and cleaning and disinfecting the water tank.
The preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing vegetable leaves, vegetable roots, barks, fruit peels, sweet potato seedlings and cumin seeds according to the following weight ratio of (99);
s2, crushing the material obtained in the step one by a crusher to obtain crushed materials;
s3, adding the crushed materials into clear water with the weight being three times that of the crushed materials, and boiling for 1 hour;
s4, filtering the mixture by using a 100-mesh screen to obtain clear liquid;
s5, concentrating the clear liquid to be half of the weight of the clear liquid in the step S4 for standby.
In this embodiment, the pulverizer used was a 9FQ-45 feed pulverizer.
Comparative experiment
29 balsamine seedlings (each having a ground part of 6 cm in length and three weeks in length) of the same species and batch were cultivated by the methods of examples 1 and 3 and the conventional aeroponic method (refer to an aeroponic method of anoectochilus formosanus, chinese patent application No. 201910828197.0), and the average length of the ground part of the seedlings (i.e. the length protruding outside the cover, accurate to cm) was recorded once a week, and the data are as follows:
from the above, since the present invention employs the transplantation pretreatment slurry having root wound healing and growth promotion, the two embodiments of the present invention have significant advantages and vigorous growth compared to the conventional aeroponic method at week 1. However, it can be seen that in example 3 of the present invention, the nutrition provided by the flower seedlings in the vigorous growth stage is not enough due to the use of all natural materials, and the growth vigor of the flower seedlings cultured by the method from the second week is weaker than that of the flower seedlings cultured by other methods. In addition, the flower seedlings cultivated by the method have no mutual entanglement of root systems.
The foregoing embodiments and description have been provided to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An application method of an atomization type soilless flower trough is characterized in that: the using method adopts an atomizing soilless flower trough; the atomization type soilless flower trough comprises side plates, a cover body, a water trough, a submersible sewage pump, a spiral spray nozzle, a guide rod and a flexible clamp, wherein the two side plates are arranged in an opposite mode, the cross section of the cover body is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, the lower ends of the left side and the right side of the cover body are fixedly connected with the tops of the side plates, a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the cover body, protective sleeves are inserted into the circular through holes, the water trough is rectangular, flanges are arranged on the two sides of the water trough, sliding grooves for enabling the water trough to move up and down are formed in the inner wall of each side plate corresponding to the flange of the water trough, screw holes for fixing the flanges are formed in the inner walls of the side plates, and screws are screwed into the screw holes; the spiral sprayer comprises a water outlet end and a water inlet end, the water outlet end is communicated with the water inlet end, the water outlet end is a gradually reduced hollow spiral cone, the water outlet end of the spiral sprayer is positioned in the cover body, the water inlet end of the spiral sprayer is positioned outside the cover body, a hard water pipe is vertically inserted into the cover body, the lower end of the hard water pipe is fixedly connected with a submersible sewage pump, the top end of the hard water pipe is respectively connected with the water inlet end of the spiral sprayer through a pipeline, guide rods are respectively connected to the two sides of the hard water pipe, facing the lower sides of the circular through holes on the corresponding sides, a flexible clamp is sleeved on each guide rod and comprises a steel ring, a fixed block and a chuck, the steel ring is a circle formed by bending steel wires, the fixed block is a hot melt adhesive block, the chuck is a pressure sensitive adhesive block with a crack, and the steel ring is fixedly connected with the chuck by the fixed block;
the using method comprises the following steps:
preparing a transplantation pretreatment slurry, wherein the transplantation pretreatment slurry consists of a gel and an oil agent;
wherein the gel is prepared by adding the following KNO into 1000mL of water 3 1.9-3.5g、NH 4 NO 3 0.65-1.7g、MgSO 4 0.64-1.2g、KH 2 PO 4 0.15-0.6g、CaCl 2 ·H 2 O 0.3-1.2g、FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2-0.4g、MnSO 4 ·4H 2 O 0.017-0.085g、KI 0.004-0.02g、CuSO 4 0.00003-0.00006g、CoCl 2 0.00003-0.00006g、HBO 3 0.007-0.0095g, 2-10mg of NAA, 0.5-2mg of KT, 0.4-0.8g of glutamine, 2-5g of agar, 19-20g of cane sugar and 5-10g of bacteriostatic agent, uniformly mixing, boiling, adjusting pH to 6, standing at room temperature, cooling to below 37 ℃, pouring into a juice extractor, 15000 r/min, and pulverizing for 3 min for later use;
wherein the oil agent is glycerol;
the weight ratio of the gel to the oil agent is 1000:139; the two are poured into a stirrer to be mixed for 10 minutes at 2000 revolutions per minute to obtain transplantation pretreatment slurry;
filling the transplantation pretreatment slurry into a spray can;
step three, spraying the transplanting pretreatment slurry on the root system of the flower seedling to be transplanted, inverting the flower seedling during spraying, spraying downwards from the root tip until the transplanting pretreatment slurry flows to the stem part along the main root as seen by naked eyes, stopping spraying, holding the root system by hand and gathering the lateral root of the root system around the main root;
step four, sheathing the junction of the stem and the root of the flower seedling with a protective sleeve;
inserting the root system and the protective sleeve into the circular through hole, and keeping the protective sleeve at the circular through hole;
step six, clamping the front end of the main root by a crack of a chuck of the flexible clamp, and moving the flexible clamp downwards along the guide rod in a slant manner until the main root is stretched and then standing for 1-1.5 hours;
preparing nutrient solution, and pouring the nutrient solution into a water tank;
pushing the water tank between the two side plates, lifting the water tank by using a tool, penetrating the water tank into screw holes of the side plates by using screws and abutting against flanges of the water tank, so that the water tank is fixed on the upper parts of the inner walls of the side plates, and the submersible sewage pump is just positioned in the water tank;
step nine, electrifying a plug of the submersible sewage pump, continuously pumping the nutrient solution in the water tank into the spiral spray head by the submersible sewage pump, and smashing the water flow into water mist by the spiral spray head;
step ten, performing aeroponics until the flower seedlings grow to the expected shape;
and step eleven, cutting off the power supply of the submersible sewage pump, taking out the screw, taking out the water tank, and cleaning and disinfecting the water tank.
2. The method for using an atomized soilless flower trough as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stereoplasm water pipe material is the nonrust steel pipe, and the guide bar is the copper wire.
3. The use method of the atomized soilless flower trough according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the side plate is provided with a wire feeding hole, and rubber clay is filled between the power line and the wire feeding hole.
4. The method for using an atomized soilless flower trough as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the protective sleeve comprises a foam cotton which is curled into a barrel shape and a paraffin layer coated on the inner wall of the foam cotton, wherein the thickness of the paraffin layer is 0.5-2 mm.
5. The use method of the atomized soilless flower trough according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cover body top is provided with a plurality of operation mouth, and the operation mouth is the rectangle, the apron has all been placed to the operation mouth, a plurality of universal wheels are installed to the basin bottom.
6. The method for using an atomized soilless flower trough as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nutrient solution contains Ca (NO) in every 1000mL of water 3 )2.4H 2 O 945mg、KNO 3 609mg、(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ·3H 2 O 115mg、MgSO 4 493mg, 2.5mL of iron salt solution and 5mL of trace element solution;
wherein the preparation method of the ferric salt solution is that FeSO is added 4 ·7H 2 Dissolving O2.78 g and EDTA.Na 3.73g in 500mL of water;
wherein the trace element solution is prepared by mixing KI 0.83mg and H 3 BO 3 6.2mg、MnSO 22.3mg、ZnSO 4 8.6mg、Na 2 MoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.25mg、CuSO 4 0.025mg、CoCl 2 0.025mg was dissolved in 1000mL of water.
7. The method for using an atomized soilless flower trough as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing vegetable leaves, vegetable roots, barks, fruit peels, sweet potato seedlings and cumin seeds according to a weight ratio of 99;
s2, crushing the material obtained in the step one by a crusher to obtain crushed materials;
s3, adding the crushed materials into clear water with the weight being three times that of the crushed materials, and boiling for 1 hour;
s4, filtering the mixture by using a 100-mesh screen to obtain clear liquid;
s5, concentrating the clear liquid to be half of the weight of the clear liquid in the step S4 for standby.
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