CN111921902A - Apple internal damage detection device - Google Patents
Apple internal damage detection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111921902A CN111921902A CN202010757335.3A CN202010757335A CN111921902A CN 111921902 A CN111921902 A CN 111921902A CN 202010757335 A CN202010757335 A CN 202010757335A CN 111921902 A CN111921902 A CN 111921902A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- input shaft
- motor
- inner cavity
- conveying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/009—Sorting of fruit
Landscapes
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an apple internal damage detection device, which comprises a single fruit sequencing part, an overturning detection part and a non-damage fruit separation part, wherein the single fruit sequencing part comprises a first frame, a conveying mechanism is arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the first frame, the upper surface of the conveying mechanism is provided with the single fruit sequencing mechanism, the overturning detection part comprises a second frame, the top of the second frame is fixedly connected with a side rail shell, the top of the side rail shell is provided with an image acquisition box, the front side and the rear side of the inner cavity of the side rail shell are respectively provided with a chain, the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of each chain are respectively engaged with a chain wheel, the front end and the rear end of two input shafts are respectively provided with a first bearing, the non-damage fruit separation part comprises a third frame, the top of the third frame is provided with a fruit separation conveying component, and the top of the fruit separation conveying component is provided with a fruit separation mechanism, the apple internal, the separation of apples with or without internal damage is completed, and the added value of the apples is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product detection and classification, in particular to an apple internal damage detection device.
Background
With the increasingly better life of Chinese people and the increasingly higher pursuit of food quality, a large amount of vitamins, inorganic salts, fruit fibers and other nutrient substances needed by people exist in fruits, people can not leave the fruits in daily life, people pay more and more attention to the quality of the fruits when purchasing the fruits, and therefore fruit merchants pay more attention to the internal quality of the fruits.
In the processing procedure after fruit is picked, mechanical damage can easily occur, and then fruits are stained with fungi or bacteria, the situation that fruits are rotten and the appearance of the fruits is affected is generated, harm can also be caused to the human health of eaters, fruits with quality problems can also affect other fruits with good quality in the transportation process, the economic loss brought to fruit growers is also caused, many small farmers mainly detect the fruits by hands and human eyes, the accuracy of apple detection results can be affected by the problems of inaccurate manual sorting, cheating in grading and the like, meanwhile, the fruits with internal damage individually cannot be easily found by naked eyes, and then the internal damage situation of the apples cannot be accurately judged, so the internal damage detection of the fruits is particularly important, and therefore, the apple internal damage detection device is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide the apple internal damage detection device, so that different types of apples can be accurately dialed to corresponding conveyor belt channels through the apple dialing plate, the sorting of apples with or without internal damage is finished, and the additional value of the apples is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device for detecting the internal damage of the apples comprises a single-fruit sorting part, a turnover detection part and a non-damage fruit sorting part, wherein the single-fruit sorting part comprises a first rack, a conveying mechanism is arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the first rack, single-fruit sorting mechanisms are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper surface of the conveying mechanism, and a first driving assembly is arranged on the right side of the inner cavity of the first rack;
the right side of the single fruit sorting part is provided with an overturning detection part which comprises a second machine frame, the top of the second frame is fixedly connected with a side rail shell, the top of the side rail shell is provided with an image acquisition box, the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the side rail shell are respectively provided with a second input shaft, the front side and the rear side of the inner cavity of the side rail shell are respectively provided with a chain, the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the two groups of chains are respectively engaged with a chain wheel, the chain wheel is fixedly arranged on the corresponding second input shaft, the outer side wall of the chain is fixedly provided with a third conveyor belt, the outer side wall of the third conveyor belt is uniformly provided with rolling mechanisms, the front end and the rear end of each of the two groups of input shafts II are respectively provided with a first second bearing, the input shafts II are rotatably connected with the side rail shells through the first second bearings, the front side of the left input shaft II penetrates through the front side wall of the side rail shell, and a driving assembly II is arranged at the left end of the front side of the side rail shell;
the fruit part is divided to the not damaged that is provided with on upset detection part's right side, it includes the third frame to have the not damaged to divide the fruit part, the top of third frame is provided with branch fruit conveying component, the top that divides fruit conveying component is provided with branch fruit mechanism, the front side right-hand member of third frame is provided with drive assembly three.
Preferably, conveying mechanism includes first conveyer belt, the inner chamber left side of first conveyer belt is provided with first input shaft one, both sides all are provided with first bearing one around the first conveyer belt, first bearing one is connected with first input shaft one, and is two sets of the lower surface of first bearing one all is provided with bears the portal, and bears the lower surface and the first frame looks rigid coupling of portal, the inner chamber right side of first conveyer belt is provided with first pivot, both ends all are provided with first bearing two around the outer wall of first pivot, both ends all are connected with first curb plate through first bearing two around the outer wall of first pivot, first curb plate is located between first conveyer belt and the first bearing one, and first curb plate activity cup joints on first input shaft one.
Based on above-mentioned technical characteristics, block first conveyer belt both sides through first curb plate, under first input shaft one and first pivot transmission fit together, be convenient for drive first conveyer belt to the apple of arranging in order on it to next stage's conveying.
Preferably, the single-fruit sorting mechanism of the single-fruit sorting mechanism comprises a single-fruit sorting plate, a positioning batten is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the first conveyor belt, of the single-fruit sorting plate, the positioning batten is fixedly connected with the first frame through bolts, the lower surface, close to one end of the first conveyor belt, of the single-fruit sorting plate is fixedly connected with the first side plate correspondingly, ribs are arranged on the upper surface of the single-fruit sorting plate at equal intervals from left to right, the front side is arranged on the ribs on the single-fruit sorting plate in the single-fruit sorting mechanism, and the ribs on the single-fruit sorting plate in the single-fruit sorting mechanism are arranged in a staggered mode.
Based on the technical characteristics, the possibility of collision and blockage among the apple individuals can be greatly reduced through the arrangement form of the ribs which are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the first driving assembly comprises a first motor, a first large gear is arranged at the left power output end of the first motor, a first small gear is meshed with the top of the first large gear, and the first small gear is located on the first input shaft.
Based on the technical characteristics, the first motor is used for providing driving force for transmission of the first conveyor belt under the meshing transmission between the first large gear and the first small gear.
Preferably, the number of the rolling mechanisms is 24, the rolling mechanisms comprise rolling shafts, the rolling shafts are movably connected with the side rail shells in a clamped mode, and rollers are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the outer walls of the rolling shafts.
Based on the technical characteristics, the apples sequentially conveyed by the upper stage are overturned and moved in the image acquisition box for conveying, and comprehensive image acquisition of the internal damage condition information of the apples is carried out.
Preferably, divide fruit conveying component to include the second conveyer belt, the inner chamber right side of second conveyer belt is provided with first second input shaft, both ends all are provided with first third bearing around the outer wall of first second input shaft, first third bearing passes through bolt fixed mounting in the third frame, the left and right sides symmetry of second conveyer belt is provided with the support portal, bilateral symmetry is provided with the second curb plate around the second conveyer belt, second curb plate rigid coupling is between two sets of support portals, and the bottom and the third frame looks rigid coupling of second curb plate, the second curb plate cup joints with the activity of first second input shaft mutually, the inner chamber left side of second conveyer belt is provided with the second pivot, both ends all are provided with second bearing second around the outer wall of second pivot, the second pivot is connected with the second curb plate through second bearing second.
Based on above-mentioned technical characteristics, block second conveyer belt both sides through the second curb plate, under second input shaft one and second pivot transmission cooperation together, be convenient for drive the second conveyer belt and separately convey to two big types of apples that it is divided have damage and not damaged.
Preferably, the second driving assembly comprises a second motor, a second pinion is arranged at the rear power output end of the second motor, a second gearwheel is meshed with the top of the second pinion, and the second gearwheel is mounted at one end, penetrating through the front side wall of the side rail shell, of the second left side input shaft.
Based on the technical characteristics, the second motor is used for driving the second gear wheel and the second pinion wheel in a meshing mode, and driving force is provided for the apples when the apples are conveyed to enter the image acquisition box for detection.
Preferably, the fruit separating mechanism includes the division board, the left and right sides symmetry rigid coupling of division board has the right angle frame, the right angle frame passes through bolt and supports portal looks rigid coupling, bilateral symmetry is provided with the mounting bracket around the division board, the fourth motor is installed to the bottom of mounting bracket, and the fourth motor is located the inner chamber left side of division board, the bottom power take off end of fourth motor is provided with dials the fruit board.
Based on above-mentioned technical characteristics, stir the apple and provide drive power for dialling the fruit board through the fourth motor to be convenient for to have the damage and not damaged apple stir categorised.
Preferably, the driving assembly three comprises a third motor, a first second gearwheel is arranged at the left power output end of the third motor, a first second pinion is meshed with the top of the first second gearwheel, and the first second pinion is mounted on the first second input shaft.
Based on the technical characteristics, the third motor is used for providing driving force for the transmission of the second conveyor belt under the meshing transmission between the first large gear and the first small gear.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has reasonable structural design, and one specific application of the embodiment is as follows: firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the arrangement form of the ribs which are arranged in a staggered mode is convenient for orderly conveying the unordered apples to the first conveyor belt after rolling on the single-apple sorting plate, so that the possibility of collision and blockage among the apples can be greatly reduced;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the second motor provides driving force under the meshing transmission between the second gearwheel and the second pinion, and the apples sequentially conveyed from the previous stage are conveniently moved and conveyed into the image acquisition box under the rolling action of the rollers, so that the information of the internal damage condition of the apples is acquired in the image acquisition box;
thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: divide into two sets of passageways through the transfer area of division board on with the second conveyer belt, stir the apple through the fourth motor for dialling the fruit board and provide drive power, be convenient for to there being the damage and not damaged apple stir categorised to be convenient for dial the apple of different grade type accurately to the passageway on the corresponding second conveyer belt, accomplish the sorting that has or not internal damage apple, improve the apple added value.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a use state of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the single-fruit sorting section of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rollover detection portion of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second driving assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the non-invasive fruit-separating portion shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a left side view of FIG. 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a fruit separating mechanism of the present invention;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-a first machine frame, 2-a conveying mechanism, 201-a carrying gantry, 202-a first side plate, 203-a first bearing two, 204-a first conveyor belt, 205-a first rotating shaft, 206-a first bearing one, 207-a first input shaft one, 3-a single fruit sorting mechanism, 301-a positioning slat, 302-a single fruit sorting plate, 303-a rib, 4-a driving assembly one, 401-a first pinion gear one, 402-a first motor, 403-a first bull gear one, 5-a rolling mechanism, 501-a roller, 502-a roller, 6-a fruit sorting conveying assembly, 601-a supporting gantry, 602-a second rotating shaft, 603-a second bearing two, 604-a second side plate, 605-a third bearing one, 606-a second input shaft one, 607-a second conveyor belt, 7-a second driving component, 701-a second gearwheel, 702-a second motor, 703-a second pinion, 8-a fruit separating mechanism, 801-a right-angle frame, 802-a fruit pulling plate, 803-a mounting frame, 804-a fourth motor, 805-a separation plate, 9-a third driving component, 901-a first second pinion, 902-a first second gearwheel, 903-a third motor, 10-a side rail shell, 11-an image acquisition box, 12-a second input shaft, 13-a chain, 14-a chain wheel, 15-a first second bearing, 16-a third rack, 17-a second rack and 18-a third conveyor belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: an internal damage detection device for apples comprises a single-fruit sorting part, a turning detection part and a non-damage fruit sorting part, wherein the single-fruit sorting part comprises a first machine frame 1 (see figures 1 and 2 in the attached drawings of the specification), a conveying mechanism 2 is arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the first machine frame 1, the conveying mechanism 2 comprises a first conveying belt 204, a first input shaft I207 is arranged on the left side of the inner cavity of the first conveying belt 204, first bearings I206 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the first conveying belt 204, the first bearings I206 are connected with the first input shaft I207, bearing door frames 201 are arranged on the lower surfaces of the two groups of first bearings I206, the lower surfaces of the bearing door frames 201 are fixedly connected with the first machine frame 1, a first rotating shaft 205 is arranged on the right side of the inner cavity of the first conveying belt 204, first bearings II 203 are arranged on the front end and the rear end of the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 205, first side plates 202 are connected with the front, the first side plate 202 is positioned between the first conveyor belt 204 and the first bearing 206, the first side plate 202 is movably sleeved on the first input shaft I207, two sides of the first conveyor belt 204 are blocked by the first side plate 202, under the transmission fit of the first input shaft I207 and the first rotating shaft 205, the first conveyor belt 204 is conveniently driven to convey the apples orderly arranged on the first side plate to the next level, the single-fruit sorting mechanism 3 is respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the upper surface of the conveying mechanism 2, the single-fruit sorting mechanism 3 comprises a single-fruit sorting plate 302, a positioning strip plate 301 is fixedly connected to one end of the single-fruit sorting plate 302 far away from the first conveyor belt 204, the positioning strip plate 301 is fixedly connected with the first frame 1 through bolts, the lower surface of one end of the single-fruit sorting plate 302 close to the first conveyor belt 204 is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the first side plate 202, ribs 303 are arranged on the upper surface of the single-fruit, the ribs 303 on the single fruit sorting plate 302 in the front single fruit sorting mechanism 3 and the ribs 303 on the single fruit sorting plate 302 in the rear single fruit sorting mechanism 3 are arranged in a staggered manner, the possibility of collision and blockage between the individual apples can be greatly reduced by the arrangement of the staggered ribs 303 (refer to fig. 3 in the attached drawing of the specification), the right side of the inner cavity of the first machine frame 1 is provided with a driving assembly I4, the driving assembly I4 comprises a first motor 402, the left power output end of the first motor 402 is provided with a first large gear I403, the top of the first large gear I403 is meshed with a first small gear I401, the first small gear I401 is positioned on the first input shaft I207, the first motor 402 is used for providing driving force for the transmission of the first conveyor belt 204 under the meshing transmission between the first large gear 403 and the first small gear 401 (see fig. 4 in the drawings of the specification);
the right side of the single fruit sorting part is provided with an overturning detection part, the overturning detection part comprises a second rack 17, the top of the second rack 17 is fixedly connected with a side rail shell 10, the top of the side rail shell 10 is provided with an image taking box 11 (see figure 5 in the attached drawing of the specification), the left side and the right side of an inner cavity of the side rail shell 10 are respectively provided with an input shaft II 12, the front side and the rear side of the inner cavity of the side rail shell 10 are respectively provided with a chain 13, the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of two groups of chains 13 are respectively engaged with a chain wheel 14, the chain wheels 14 are fixedly arranged on the corresponding input shaft II 12, the outer side wall of each chain 13 is fixedly provided with a third conveyor belt 18, the outer side wall of each third conveyor belt 18 is uniformly provided with rolling mechanisms 5, the number of the rolling mechanisms 5 is 24, each rolling mechanism 5, the front end and the rear end of two groups of input shafts two 12 are respectively provided with a first second bearing 15, the input shafts two 12 are rotatably connected with the side rail shell 10 through the first second bearings 15, the front side of the left side input shaft two 12 penetrates through the front side wall of the side rail shell 10 (refer to figures 6 and 7 in the attached drawings of the specification), the left end of the front side of the side rail shell 10 is provided with a second driving assembly 7, the second driving assembly 7 comprises a second motor 702, the rear side power output end of the second motor 702 is provided with a second pinion 703, the top of the second pinion 703 is engaged with a second gearwheel 701, the second gearwheel 701 is arranged at one end of the left side input shaft two 12 penetrating through the front side wall of the side rail shell 10, and under the engagement transmission between the second gearwheel 701 and the second pinion 703 through the second motor 702, so as to provide driving force for the apple to be conveyed into the image taking box 11 (refer to fig. 8 in the attached drawings of the specification);
the right side of the turning detection part is provided with a non-damage fruit separating part, the non-damage fruit separating part comprises a third frame 16 (refer to a figure 9 in the attached drawing of the specification), the top of the third frame 16 is provided with a fruit separating and conveying assembly 6, the fruit separating and conveying assembly 6 comprises a second conveying belt 607, the right side of the inner cavity of the second conveying belt 607 is provided with a first second input shaft 606, the front end and the rear end of the outer wall of the first second input shaft 606 are respectively provided with a first third bearing 605, the first third bearing 605 is fixedly arranged on the third frame 16 through bolts, the left side and the right side of the second conveying belt 607 are symmetrically provided with a support door frame 601, the front side and the rear side of the second conveying belt 607 are symmetrically provided with a second side plate 604, the second side plate 604 is fixedly connected between the two groups of support door frames 601, the bottom of the second side plate 604 is fixedly connected with the third frame 16, the second side plate 604 is movably sleeved with the first input, the front end and the rear end of the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 602 are respectively provided with a second bearing second 603, the second rotating shaft 602 is connected with a second side plate 604 through the second bearing second 603, the two sides of a second conveyor belt 607 are blocked through the second side plate 604, under the transmission fit of a second input shaft first 606 and the second rotating shaft 602, the second conveyor belt 607 is conveniently driven to separately convey two types of damaged and undamaged apples separated from the second rotating shaft first (refer to a figure 10 in the attached drawing of the specification), a fruit separating mechanism 8 is arranged at the top of the fruit separating and conveying component 6, the fruit separating mechanism 8 comprises a separating plate 805, right-angle frames 801 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the left side and the right side of the separating plate 805 through bolts, mounting frames 803 are symmetrically arranged at the front side and the rear side of the separating plate 805, a fourth motor 804 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame 803, and the fourth motor 804 is positioned, the bottom power output end of the fourth motor 804 is provided with a fruit poking plate 802, the fourth motor 804 is used for poking apples by the fruit poking plate 802 to provide driving force, so that poking classification of damaged and undamaged apples is facilitated (see fig. 12 in the attached drawing of the specification), the right end of the front side of the third rack 16 is provided with a driving assembly third 9, the driving assembly third 9 comprises a third motor 903, the left power output end of the third motor 903 is provided with a second gearwheel first 902, the top of the second gearwheel first 902 is engaged with a second pinion first 901, the second pinion first 901 is mounted on a second input shaft first 606, and the third motor 903 is used for transmission by engagement between the second gearwheel first 902 and the second pinion first 901 to provide driving force for transmission of the second conveyor 607 (see fig. 11 in the attached drawing of the specification).
Single fruit sequencing part and non-damage fruit separating part design parameters:
gear drive design calculation
Tooth surface contact fatigue strength calculation
1. Preliminary calculation
Calculating the torque:
coefficient of tooth width psidFrom handbooks to obtain psidThe pinion diameter is initially calculated as 0.6:
get d1The tooth width is selected initially as 50 mm:
b＝ψd×d1 (3.3)
b is 30 mm.
2. Checking calculation
Peripheral speed:
and the precision grade is obtained by a mechanical manual, and 8 grades of precision are selected. Number of teeth z and modulus m, the number of teeth z being initially taken120, m is d1/z1Obtained from the mechanical handbook, taking m as 2.5 and using z as1＝d1/m，z2＝i·z1Obtaining z1＝20，z2Using a factor K of 30AFrom the mechanical handbook, to obtain KA1.25, coefficient of dynamic load KV1.2, interdental load distribution coefficient KHα1.29, tooth load distribution coefficient KHβ1.37. Load factor K ═ KAKVKHαKHβ2.65. The elastic coefficient is obtained from a mechanical handbook
Node area coefficient ZHContact minimum safety factor S ═ 2.5Hmin1.05, contact life coefficient ZN＝1.16。
Allowable contact stress:
checking and calculating:
the calculation result shows thatH＜[σH]The contact fatigue strength meets the requirements, and the size of the gear does not need to be adjusted.
3. Determining the main dimension of transmission
The reference circle diameter d is obtained by d ═ mz1＝50mm，d275 mm. Center distance is composed of
The obtained a is 62.5mm, and the tooth width b is 30 mm.
Design parameters of a turnover detection part:
gear drive design calculation and tooth surface contact fatigue strength calculation
1. Preliminary calculation
Calculating the torque:
coefficient of tooth width psidFrom handbooks to obtain psidPinion diameter is calculated initially as 0.5:
get d160mm, the initial tooth width:
b＝ψd×d1 (4.3)
b is 30 mm.
2. Checking calculation
Peripheral speed:
and the precision grade is obtained by a mechanical manual, and 8 grades of precision are selected. Number of teeth z and modulus m, the number of teeth z being initially taken120, m is d1/z1Obtained from the mechanical handbook, taking m as 2 and using z as1＝d1/m，z2＝i·z1Obtaining z1＝20，z2Using the factor K60AFrom the mechanical handbook, to obtain KA1.25, coefficient of dynamic load KV1.2, interdental load distribution coefficient KHα1.32, tooth load distribution coefficient KHβ1.38. Load factor K ═ KAKVKHαKHβ2.73. The elastic coefficient is obtained from a mechanical handbook
Node area coefficient ZHContact minimum safety factor S ═ 2.5Hmin1.05, contact life coefficient ZN＝1.13。
Allowable contact stress:
checking and calculating:
the calculation result shows thatH＜[σH]The contact fatigue strength is proper, and the size of the gear does not need to be adjusted.
3. Determining the main dimension of transmission
The reference circle diameter d is obtained by d ═ mz1＝60mm，d2120 mm. Center distance is composed of
The a is 90mm and the tooth width b is 30 mm.
Power selection
The conveying belt is one of key parts in direct contact with the apple fruits and is a power device for converting the power of the motor into the forward movement of the apple. According to the requirement of the advancing speed of the conveyor belt, a stepping motor with the power of 90w is preliminarily selected.
1. Speed of motor
In order to ensure that the turning detection module is completed successfully, the time spent by the apple individuals in the turning detection module should be higher than the time spent by the conveying belt of the single-fruit sorting module to assist in conveying the apple individuals. The motion condition of the horizontally arranged conveyor belt is analyzed and calculated independently, the friction force of the apple provides acceleration for the apple individual, and the motion condition is expressed by a kinematic motion equation (4.7):
v＝μgt2 (4.7)
wherein μ is transportCoefficient of friction of belt, 0.4; g is the acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s2(hereinafter, it will not be described that g is 9.8m/s2)。
In the flipping detection module, the time relationship that t is less than or equal to 0.96s should be established based on the fact that the time taken for the visual detection system to analyze the apple image is not considered. From (4.8) the relationship between rotational speed v and linear speed n:
v＝πdn (4.8)
the rotation speed of the motor is obtained as n 40r/min by calculation.
2. Reduced load inertia on motor shaft
Coupling moment of inertia:
in the formula, m is the mass of the coupler, and r is the radius of the coupler. The data are checked to obtain m is 0.05kg, r is 15 mm.
The roller of the conveyor belt is selected to be a composite material, the core material is No. 45 steel processed through encapsulation, therefore, the rotational inertia of the roller of the conveyor belt of the module is composed of two parts, the rotational inertia of the encapsulation part is calculated according to a hollow cylinder mode, the core part is calculated by a calculation formula, and the mass and the radius of the core part are measured through three-dimensional modeling.
Jb＝m(r1 2+r2 2)/2 (4.10)
Wherein m is the encapsulation mass, r1Is the radius of the shaft core, r2Is the encapsulation radius. Substituting the value m to 0.2kg, r1＝15mm，r2＝30mm。
Load inertia on the motor shaft:
Jd＝Jl+Jz+Jb (4.11)
in the formula, JzIs the rotational inertia of the shaft core. Calculating the substituted value to obtain Jd＝0.1×10-3kg·m2。
3. Load torque on the motor shaft:
in combination with a single fruit weight limit of 500g for real apples, there are at most four apples on the conveyor belt. Taking the transmission efficiency of the conveyor belt as 90%; the horizontal placement is set as the placement mode of the motor, so that the axial load cannot be generated; the transmission ratio is set to 1, so that the shaft diameters of the driven roller and the driving roller of the conveyor belt are the same. The load torque on the motor shaft is calculated from equation (3.6):
wherein W is the total mass of the movable portion; i is a reduction ratio; mu is a friction factor; f is the axial load; d is the diameter of the final section belt wheel; beta is the total efficiency of the feed drive system; g is the acceleration of gravity.
The load torque T converted to the motor shaft can be calculated by substituting the values W2 kg, μ 0.11 and D0.03 mL＝0.36N·m。
Acceleration torque on motor shaft
In the formula, n is the required maximum rotating speed of the motor; t is taFor acceleration time, 1 s; j. the design is a squaremIs the rotational inertia of the motor. The acceleration torque T on the motor shaft can be obtained by substituting the numerical valuea＝0.4×10-3+4.2Jm。
Therefore, the total torque converted onto the motor is:
Teq＝Ta+TL (4.14)
substituting numerical value to calculate Teq＝0.36+4.2Jm. And if the safety coefficient is K-2, the torque of the required motor is as follows: t isM＝KTeq＝0.72+8.2Jm. The initially selected motor model is 57BYG250C, and the rotor inertia is Jm＝0.52×10-4kg·m2Therefore: t iseq＝0.36N·m，TM0.72N · m. The holding torque of a stepper motor with model number 57BYG250C is 1.2N · m > 0.72N · m, the step angle θ is 1.8 °, and the frequency of the motor at the fastest speed is calculated:
f＝n×360°/(60×θ) (4.15)
substituting the numerical value to obtain a motion frequency of 133Hz, and referring to a torque-frequency characteristic curve, T, of the motoreqLess than the output torque at that speed or frequency, so that the motor meets the requirements.
Sprocket design
The reason for applying chain drive in this rollover detection module is as follows. Compared with belt transmission, the chain transmission has no elastic sliding, can keep the average transmission ratio accurate and has higher transmission efficiency; the chain does not need large tension, so the load born by the shaft and the bearing is small; the device has the advantages of no slipping, reliable transmission, strong overload capacity and capability of better working under low-speed and heavy load; compared with gear transmission, the gear transmission has the advantages of larger center distance, capability of working in severe environments such as dusty and high temperature, and low cost. The chain transmission has the defects that the instantaneous chain speed and the instantaneous transmission ratio are changed, the transmission stability is poor, impact and noise exist in the work process, and the chain transmission is not suitable for high-speed occasions and is not suitable for the condition that the rotating direction is frequently changed. The chain transmission can be better satisfied by combining the working requirements of the turnover detection part.
1. Selection of sprocket tooth number
Drive sprocket tooth number Z123, driven sprocket tooth number Z2＝23。
2. Chain pitch and center distance
Recommendation a according to machine handbook0The center distance is initially determined for p (30-50), and p is 38.1mm, a0Substituting the value to 30p to calculate: a is0＝1157.4mm。
3. Chain length number and chain length
In the formula (f)3＝((z2-z1)/2π)2Substituting the numerical value into the formula (4.16) to calculate X083.76 according to handbook X0Should be rounded to integer X, preferably even number X0＝84。
Length of the chain:
the numerical value is substituted into the formula (4.17) to calculate the chain length L to be 0.32 m.
One specific application of this embodiment is: the invention has reasonable structural design, in the single-fruit sorting part, the disordered apples are conveniently and orderly conveyed to the first conveying belt 204 after rolling on the single-fruit sorting plate 302 through the arrangement form of the staggered ribs 303, so the possibility of collision and blockage among the apples is greatly reduced, the first big gear wheel 403 is firstly driven to rotate by the first motor 402, the first conveying belt 204 is driven to transmit on the first input shaft I207 and the first rotating shaft 205 through the meshing transmission between the first big gear wheel 403 and the first small gear wheel 401, so that the ordered apples conveyed to the first conveying belt 204 are conveniently and uniformly conveyed to the next-stage overturning detection part, the second small gear wheel 703 is driven to rotate by the second motor 702, and the group of input shafts two 12 are driven to rotate firstly through the meshing transmission between the second small gear wheel 703 and the second big gear wheel 701, the other group of input shafts two 12 are driven to synchronously rotate through meshing transmission between the chain 13 and the chain wheel 14, the third conveyor belt 18 is further driven to forwardly transmit, so that the rolling mechanism 5 drives apples to be conveyed in the side rail shell 10 along the transmission direction while turning over through forward friction force between the roller 501 and the third conveyor belt 18, the apples sequentially conveyed in the upper stage in sequence are conveniently and dynamically moved and conveyed to the image taking box 11 in sequence, a plurality of angles of the apples are exposed and provided for later image acquisition, a spectral imaging technology is applied to the image taking box 11, an LED light source with a waveband of 400-1000nm is selected to provide a good shooting environment for the apples, characteristic wavelengths of the CCD cameras are set to be 529 nm, 622 nm and 970 nm, information of internal damage conditions of the apples conveyed below the LED light source is comprehensively acquired and stored through the CCD cameras, thereby obtaining accurate apple image information, ensuring the reliability of results, integrating the image acquisition information, judging whether the detected apples have internal damage or not, simultaneously transmitting the detection results to a fourth motor 804 driver through serial port communication, providing working basis for a next-stage module, conveying the detected apples to a next-stage undamaged fruit separation part, dividing the transmission area on a second conveyor belt 607 into two groups of channels through a division plate 805 in the undamaged fruit separation part, based on the image acquisition information result in the overturning detection part, driving a fruit shifting plate 802 to shift the detected apples through the fourth motor 804 in cooperation with image information control to change the motion path of the detected apples, facilitating the shifting classification of the damaged and undamaged apples, thereby facilitating the accurate shifting of different types of apples into the corresponding channels on the second conveyor belt 607, and driving a second big gear wheel one 902 to rotate through a third motor 903, the second transmission belt 607 is driven to transmit on the second rotating shaft 602 and the second input shaft 606 through the meshing transmission between the second bull gear 902 and the second pinion gear 901, so that the apple can be conveyed after reaching a designated channel, the sorting of the apples with or without internal damage is completed, and the additional value of the apples is improved.
The first motor 402, the second motor 702, the third motor 903 and the fourth motor 804 in the above embodiments are all stepping motors, so that the cost is reduced as much as possible on the premise of realizing the functions.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an inside damage detection device of apple, includes single fruit sequencing part, upset detection part and has the not damaged to divide fruit part, its characterized in that: the single fruit sorting part comprises a first rack (1), a conveying mechanism (2) is arranged in the middle of an inner cavity of the first rack (1), single fruit sorting mechanisms (3) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper surface of the conveying mechanism (2), and a first driving assembly (4) is arranged on the right side of the inner cavity of the first rack (1);
the right side of the single fruit sorting part is provided with a turnover detection part, the turnover detection part comprises a second rack (17), the top of the second rack (17) is fixedly connected with a side rail shell (10), the top of the side rail shell (10) is provided with an image acquisition box (11), the left side and the right side of an inner cavity of the side rail shell (10) are provided with a second input shaft (12), the front side and the rear side of the inner cavity of the side rail shell (10) are provided with chains (13), the left side and the right side of the inner cavity of the chains (13) are respectively meshed with a chain wheel (14), the chain wheels (14) are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second input shaft (12), the outer side wall of each chain (13) is fixedly provided with a third conveyor belt (18), the outer side wall of each third conveyor belt (18) is uniformly provided with a rolling mechanism (5), and the front end and the rear end of each input, the input shaft II (12) is rotatably connected with the side rail shell (10) through a second bearing I (15), the front side of the input shaft II (12) on the left side penetrates through the front side wall of the side rail shell (10), and a driving assembly II (7) is arranged at the left end of the front side of the side rail shell (10);
the fruit part is divided to the not damaged that is provided with on upset detection portion's right side, it includes third frame (16) to have the not damaged to divide the fruit part, the top of third frame (16) is provided with branch fruit conveying component (6), the top of dividing fruit conveying component (6) is provided with branch fruit mechanism (8), the front side right-hand member of third frame (16) is provided with drive assembly three (9).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the conveying mechanism (2) comprises a first conveying belt (204), a first input shaft I (207) is arranged on the left side of an inner cavity of the first conveying belt (204), first bearings I (206) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the first conveying belt (204), the first bearings I (206) are connected with the first input shaft I (207), bearing door frames (201) are arranged on the lower surfaces of two groups of the first bearings I (206), the lower surfaces of the bearing door frames (201) are fixedly connected with a first rack (1), a first rotating shaft (205) is arranged on the right side of the inner cavity of the first conveying belt (204), first bearings II (203) are arranged on the front end and the rear end of the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (205), first side plates (202) are connected with the front ends and the rear ends of the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (205) through the first bearings II (203), and the first side plates (202) are located between the first conveying belt (204) and the first bearings I (206), and the first side plate (202) is movably sleeved on the first input shaft I (207).
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: single fruit sequencing mechanism (3) are including single fruit sequencing board (302), the one end rigid coupling that first conveyer belt (204) was kept away from to single fruit sequencing board (302) has location slat (301), location slat (301) pass through bolt and first frame (1) looks rigid coupling, the lower surface that first conveyer belt (204) was pressed close to single fruit sequencing board (302) corresponds looks rigid coupling with first curb plate (202), the upper surface of single fruit sequencing board (302) is provided with rib (303) from left right equidistant, front side rib (303) and the rear side on single fruit sequencing board (302) in single fruit sequencing mechanism (3) rib (303) on single fruit sequencing board (302) in single fruit sequencing mechanism (3) are the crisscross arrangement.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the first driving assembly (4) comprises a first motor (402), a first large gear (403) is arranged at the left power output end of the first motor (402), a first small gear (401) is meshed at the top of the first large gear (403), and the first small gear (401) is located on a first input shaft (207).
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the quantity of rolling mechanism (5) is 24 groups, rolling mechanism (5) include roller bearing (502), roller bearing (502) and side rail shell (10) activity looks joint, bilateral symmetry is provided with gyro wheel (501) around the outer wall of roller bearing (502).
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the fruit separating and conveying assembly (6) comprises a second conveying belt (607), a first second input shaft (606) is arranged on the right side of an inner cavity of the second conveying belt (607), first third bearings (605) are arranged at the front and rear ends of the outer wall of the first second input shaft (606), the first third bearings (605) are fixedly mounted on a third rack (16) through bolts, support door frames (601) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the second conveying belt (607), second side plates (604) are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the second conveying belt (607), the second side plates (604) are fixedly connected between the two groups of support door frames (601), the bottom of each second side plate (604) is fixedly connected with the third rack (16), the second side plates (604) are movably sleeved with the first second input shaft (606), and a second rotating shaft (602) is arranged on the left side of the inner cavity of the second conveying belt (607), and the front end and the rear end of the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (602) are respectively provided with a second bearing II (603), and the second rotating shaft (602) is connected with the second side plate (604) through the second bearing II (603).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the second driving assembly (7) comprises a second motor (702), a second pinion (703) is arranged at the rear power output end of the second motor (702), a second gearwheel (701) is meshed at the top of the second pinion (703), and the second gearwheel (701) is installed at one end, penetrating through the front side wall of the side rail shell (10), of the second left input shaft (12).
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: divide fruit mechanism (8) including division board (805), the bilateral symmetry rigid coupling in the left and right sides of division board (805) has right angle frame (801), right angle frame (801) pass through the bolt and support portal (601) looks rigid coupling, the bilateral symmetry is provided with mounting bracket (803) around division board (805), fourth motor (804) are installed to the bottom of mounting bracket (803), and fourth motor (804) are located the inner chamber left side of division board (805), the bottom power take off end of fourth motor (804) is provided with dials fruit board (802).
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the third driving assembly (9) comprises a third motor (903), a first second large gear (902) is arranged at the power output end of the left side of the third motor (903), a first second small gear (901) is meshed at the top of the first second large gear (902), and the first second small gear (901) is installed on the first second input shaft (606).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010757335.3A CN111921902A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Apple internal damage detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010757335.3A CN111921902A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Apple internal damage detection device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111921902A true CN111921902A (en) | 2020-11-13 |
Family
ID=73314972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010757335.3A Pending CN111921902A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Apple internal damage detection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111921902A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113661828A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-19 | 中以集知(广州)科技有限公司 | Classifiable watermelon harvesting and transporting machine based on machine vision |
| CN113751337A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-07 | 广东广垦绿色农产品有限公司 | Automatic sorting device and method for agricultural products |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1168819A (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-31 | 石井工业株式会社 | Object conveying and sorting apparatus |
| CN106622993A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆理工大学 | Fruit turning mechanism and fruit classifying device thereof |
| CN106770316A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞市天合机电开发有限公司 | A kind of template detection device |
| US20190217341A1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-07-18 | De Greef's Wagen-, Carrosserie- En Machinebouw B.V | Measuring device for measuring products, and method therefor |
| CN110681603A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-14 | 西北农林科技大学 | Pneumatic automatic sorting machine for small fruits and vegetables |
| CN111112114A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-05-08 | 江苏楷益智能科技有限公司 | Fruit on-line measuring positioner |
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 CN CN202010757335.3A patent/CN111921902A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1168819A (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-31 | 石井工业株式会社 | Object conveying and sorting apparatus |
| US20190217341A1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-07-18 | De Greef's Wagen-, Carrosserie- En Machinebouw B.V | Measuring device for measuring products, and method therefor |
| CN106770316A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞市天合机电开发有限公司 | A kind of template detection device |
| CN106622993A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆理工大学 | Fruit turning mechanism and fruit classifying device thereof |
| CN110681603A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-14 | 西北农林科技大学 | Pneumatic automatic sorting machine for small fruits and vegetables |
| CN111112114A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-05-08 | 江苏楷益智能科技有限公司 | Fruit on-line measuring positioner |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113661828A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-19 | 中以集知(广州)科技有限公司 | Classifiable watermelon harvesting and transporting machine based on machine vision |
| CN113751337A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-07 | 广东广垦绿色农产品有限公司 | Automatic sorting device and method for agricultural products |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111921902A (en) | Apple internal damage detection device | |
| CN105292580B (en) | Multiple step format plume collection device and method, plume Transmission system in plume transmission | |
| CN203544929U (en) | Roller conveying belt device for red date appearance online visual detecting and grading system | |
| CN104941914A (en) | Centrifugal minitype express item sorting and inputting equipment | |
| CN104648968A (en) | Sequencing device of online vision inspection and grading system for red jujube appearance | |
| CN111097703B (en) | Screening device for canned fruit production line | |
| CN109018956B (en) | Band conveyer with distribution function | |
| CN107497702A (en) | It is automatic to weigh interflow sorter and article joining ajusts method | |
| CN210287575U (en) | Copper ball adding device for PCB electroplating process | |
| CN203545062U (en) | Ordering device of red date appearance online visual detecting and grading system | |
| CN208120176U (en) | A kind of high speed shunting machine | |
| CN207254767U (en) | Automatic interflow sorter of weighing | |
| CN207098252U (en) | A kind of conveying frame of instrument wire harness terminal machine | |
| JPS60102316A (en) | Device of collecting and arranging transferred objects into single line | |
| CN214566439U (en) | Automatic roller packaging device | |
| CN113828544A (en) | Blueberry sorting device and method | |
| CN210260040U (en) | Fungus basket climbing conveyer belt | |
| CN218554821U (en) | Bamboo shoots processing is with letter sorting conveyor | |
| CN208661816U (en) | A kind of double standard automatic multi-step sorting units of raisins color size | |
| CN207364188U (en) | One kind sorting transmission component | |
| CN211254412U (en) | Online storage mechanism for glass | |
| CN206437632U (en) | A kind of wood skin feeding machine | |
| CN201618693U (en) | Shatang orange automatic sorting machine | |
| CN205853037U (en) | A kind of end-blocking assembly for stalk board production system | |
| CN217260869U (en) | Conveying device for production of nickel plating brightener |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201113 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |