CN111903493A - Device and method for dynamically supplying water in tobacco seedling raising process - Google Patents
Device and method for dynamically supplying water in tobacco seedling raising process Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219469 Nyctaginaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for dynamically supplying water in a tobacco seedling growing process, which relate to the technical field of tobacco seedling growing, and have the technical scheme that the device comprises a seedling growing pool frame and a seedling growing pool arranged in the seedling growing pool frame, wherein a seedling tray frame and an upper plastic film are sequentially arranged in the seedling growing pool from top to bottom, the seedling tray frame is detachably connected with the seedling growing pool, the upper plastic film is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling growing pool and divides the seedling growing pool into a seedling growing cavity and a water level adjusting cavity from top to bottom, water conveying pipes are arranged in the seedling growing cavity and the water level adjusting cavity, the water level adjusting cavity is also provided with a water discharging pipe, and the upper plastic film can move up and down in the seedling growing pool to adjust the volumes of the seedling growing cavity and the water level adjusting cavity, and by (1) setting the water level, (2) adding nutrient solution, (3); the dynamically adjustable water level is adopted, so that the problems of root rotting and seedling rotting in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment are solved in the cultivation process of tobacco seedlings, and the seedling strengthening rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco seedling culture, and particularly relates to a device and a method for dynamically supplying water in a tobacco seedling culture process.
Background
The seedling culture is an important link of tobacco leaf production and also a foundation of tobacco seed production, and the regular and strong tobacco seedlings are an important guarantee for realizing high-quality tobacco leaf production and fine variety breeding. At present, floating seedling culture is a seedling culture mode with the most mature technology and the largest popularization area in the current tobacco production and tobacco seed production seedling culture, and is deeply welcomed by seedling culture units and tobacco growers due to the advantages of high seedling culture efficiency, uniform and consistent quality of tobacco seedlings, convenience in regulation and control of tobacco seedling growth and the like.
However, tobacco is a dry crop, the root system is not developed in aeration tissue, the root system is soaked in the nutrient solution for a long time in the floating seedling raising process, the seedling density is high, the oxygen demand of the root system is high, and the surface of the nutrient solution is covered by the seedling raising tray, so that the dissolved oxygen of the nutrient solution is low, the hypoxia stress to the root system of the tobacco seedling is formed, the growth and development of the root system are inhibited, the problem of root rot and seedling rot is easily caused, and the influence is greater under the high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. Therefore, how to improve the floating seedling raising method, solve the problems of root rot and seedling rot in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and improve the strong seedling rate becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic water supply device for tobacco seedling culture, and aims to provide a dynamic water supply method for tobacco seedling culture, which adopts a dynamically adjustable water level to solve the problems of root rot and seedling rot in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment in the culture process of tobacco seedlings, thereby improving the seedling strengthening rate.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by comprising a seedling raising pool frame and a seedling raising pool arranged in the seedling raising pool frame, wherein a seedling tray frame and an upper plastic film are sequentially arranged in the seedling raising pool from top to bottom, the seedling tray frame is detachably connected with the seedling raising pool, the upper plastic film is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool and divides the seedling raising pool into a seedling raising cavity and a water level adjusting cavity from top to bottom, water conveying pipes are arranged in the seedling raising cavity and the water level adjusting cavity, and a water discharging pipe is arranged in the water level adjusting cavity, and the upper plastic film can move up and down in the seedling raising pool to adjust the volumes of the seedling raising cavity and the water level adjusting cavity.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by that the preparation method of the tobacco seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) setting a water level: filling tap water into the seedling culture cavity, adding tap water to a depth of 10-20cm, adding furrow water into the water level adjusting cavity, adding furrow water to a depth of 2-8cm, wherein the water level of tap water exceeds the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm, scattering seeds into the seedling culture plate rack, continuously adding tap water into the seedling culture cavity according to the water absorption and evaporation loss of the matrix, keeping the water level in the seedling culture cavity to exceed the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm,
(2) adding a nutrient solution: after 7-8 days of seedling emergence, adding 1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), thinning, final singling and water level are carried out 15-18 days after sowingThe adjustment is carried out, so that the upper layer water depth accounts for 1/2 of the total depth,
(3) adjusting tobacco seedling water supply: after 20-22 days of sowing, water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged every afternoon, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity shrinks to enable the water level of the seedling raising cavity to fall, the seedling tray is separated from nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished every seven hours, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity expands to enable the water level of the seedling raising cavity to rise, the nutrient solution submerges the bottom of the seedling tray, water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged at three afternoon to enable the seedling tray to be separated from the nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished at seven afternoon to enable the nutrient solution to submerge the bottom of the seedling tray, 1/2 that the upper water depth should account for the total depth is kept, and the transplanting of the tobacco seedlings is continued until the seedlings become seedlings,
(4) leaf cutting and fertilizing: cutting leaves 25-30 days after sowing, adding 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24); when the seedlings are 40-48 days old, 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added, and the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), second leaf pruning; when the seedlings are 50-60 days old, 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added, and the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), third leaf is cut.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the upper plastic film is arranged in the seedling raising pond and divides the seedling raising pond into the seedling raising cavity and the water level adjusting cavity from top to bottom, and due to the special property of the upper plastic film, the upper plastic film can move up and down in the seedling raising pond, so that the volumes of the seedling raising cavity and the water level adjusting cavity are adjusted; from this, through the regulation to water level control chamber normal water volume, under water level control chamber normal water volume's effect, realize the lifting or the decline to the nutrient solution in the chamber of growing seedlings, can make the tobacco seedling root in the seedling tray frame and the depth of contact of nutrient solution can control from this to the dynamic water supply that the realization was cultivated to the tobacco seedling, this device simple structure, convenient operation, realized effectively preventing and controlling the rotten seedling rate in the tobacco seedling cultivation of reality, make rotten seedling rate significantly reduced, the effectual strong seedling rate that improves the tobacco seedling cultivation.
2. According to the invention, the moisture can be dynamically supplied according to the growth vigor of the tobacco seedlings in the tobacco seedling growing process, so that the root systems of the tobacco seedlings can absorb water and ventilate, the oxygen supply condition of the roots is obviously improved, and the problem of root rot and seedling rot in the tobacco seedling growing process is effectively solved.
3. According to the invention, moisture management in the tobacco seedling raising process is carried out, so that the water content in the matrix can be reduced, and the pores in the matrix are increased, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of the seedlings and improving the overall quality of the tobacco seedlings.
4. According to the tobacco seedling management system, moisture management in the tobacco seedling process is carried out, so that the operation of workers in the seedling process can be reduced, the probability of disease infection of tobacco seedlings is reduced, the management efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is saved.
5. According to the invention, moisture management in the tobacco seedling raising process is carried out, so that the waste of nutrient solution is reduced, fertilizer can be saved, and the condition of fertilizer losing of tobacco seedlings can not occur.
6. According to the tobacco seedling cultivation method, water management is carried out in the tobacco seedling cultivation process, ditch water flowing through the tobacco field is used in the lower layer, the water level and the water temperature of the seedling cultivation pool can be maintained, tap water and fertilizers can be saved, the ditch water cost is low, and the ditch water is convenient to take.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a nursery pond of the present invention.
In the attached drawing, 1-a seedling raising pool frame, 2-a seedling raising pool, 3-a seedling tray frame, 4-an upper plastic film, 5-a seedling raising cavity, 6-a water level adjusting cavity, 7-a water delivery pipe, 8-a water drainage pipe and 9-a lower plastic film.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
A device for dynamically supplying water in a tobacco seedling growing process comprises a seedling growing pond frame 1 and a seedling growing pond 2 arranged in the seedling growing pond frame 1, wherein a seedling tray frame 3 and an upper layer of plastic film 4 are sequentially arranged in the seedling growing pond 2 from top to bottom, the seedling tray frame 3 is detachably connected with the seedling growing pond 2, the upper layer of plastic film 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling growing pond 2 and divides the seedling growing pond 2 into a seedling growing cavity 5 and a water level adjusting cavity 6 from top to bottom, water conveying pipes 7 are arranged in the seedling growing cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6, the water level adjusting cavity 6 is also provided with a water discharging pipe 8, and the upper layer of plastic film 4 can move up and down in the seedling growing pond 2 so that the volumes of the seedling growing cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6; the upper plastic film 4 is arranged in the seedling raising pool 2, the seedling raising pool 2 is divided into the seedling raising cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6 from top to bottom by the upper plastic film 4, and due to the special property of the upper plastic film 4, further, the periphery of the upper plastic film 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool 2, and meanwhile, the upper plastic film 4 is in a loose state after being connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool 2, so that the upper plastic film 4 can move up and down in the seedling raising pool 2, the space division of the seedling raising cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6 can be adjusted and changed, and the volume of the seedling raising cavity 5 and the volume of the water level adjusting cavity 6 can be adjusted; from this, through the regulation to water level regulation chamber 6 normal water volume, realize the effect to the lifting or the decline of nutrient solution in the chamber 5 of growing seedlings, can make the tobacco seedling root in the seedling plate rail 3 and the depth of contact of nutrient solution can control from this to the realization supplies water to the developments that the tobacco seedling was cultivated, this device simple structure, convenient operation has realized effectively preventing and controlling the rotten seedling rate in the tobacco seedling cultivation of reality, makes rotten seedling rate significantly reduce, the effectual strong seedling rate that improves the tobacco seedling cultivation.
The upper plastic film 4 is a spherical film, and the structure of the upper plastic film 4 is set to be a spherical structure, so that the up-and-down movement adjustment of the upper plastic film 4 in the seedling raising pond 2 is easier to realize.
The bottom of the seedling raising pool 2 is also provided with a lower plastic film 9, and the lower plastic film 9 is fixed with the side wall and the bottom of the seedling raising pool 2.
The water conveying pipe 7 and the water discharging pipe 8 are both provided with water pumps, so that the working effects of water conveying and water discharging are enhanced.
The periphery of the upper plastic film 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end of the seedling raising pond 2.
The preparation method of the tobacco seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) setting a water level: filling tap water into the seedling culture cavity, adding tap water to a depth of 10-20cm, adding furrow water into the water level adjusting cavity, adding furrow water to a depth of 2-8cm, wherein the water level of tap water exceeds the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm, scattering seeds into the seedling culture plate rack, continuously adding tap water into the seedling culture cavity according to the water absorption and evaporation loss of the matrix, keeping the water level in the seedling culture cavity to exceed the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm,
(2) adding a nutrient solution: after 7-8 days of seedling emergence, adding 1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), thinning, final singling and water level adjustment are carried out 15-18 days after sowing, so that the water depth in the water level adjusting cavity accounts for 1/2 of the total depth,
(3) adjusting tobacco seedling water supply: 20-22 days after the seeding, water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged every afternoon four o 'clock, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity shrinks, the water level in the seedling growing cavity descends, the seedling tray is separated from nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished seven o' clock, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity expands, the water level in the seedling growing cavity rises, the bottom of the seedling tray is submerged by the nutrient solution, rainy days or days with high humidity, water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged at three o 'clock in the afternoon, the seedling tray is separated from the nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished seven o' clock in the afternoon until the bottom of the seedling tray is submerged by the nutrient solution, 1/2 that the water depth of the seedling growing cavity should account for the total depth is kept, and the.
(4) Leaf cutting and fertilizing: cutting leaves 25-30 days after sowing, adding 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), when the seedlings are 40-48 days old, adding 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer, wherein the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), cutting the second time of leaves, adding 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), third leaf is cut.
In the step of leaf-cutting fertilization, when the seedling ages 60-65 days, 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added in the leaf-cutting fertilization, and the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), the fourth lobe is cut.
And (3) hardening seedlings 48 days after sowing, opening the seedling shed at three points in the afternoon every day, lifting a seedling tray with the weight of the seedling tray, putting the seedling tray in a cool and dry place for hardening the seedlings, hardening the seedlings for 3 hours, and then putting the seedling tray back to the seedling pool.
The water in the water level adjusting cavity is ditch water flowing through the tobacco field.
Working principle and working process of the invention
The upper plastic film 4 is arranged in the seedling raising pool 2, the seedling raising pool 2 is divided into the seedling raising cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6 from top to bottom by the upper plastic film 4, and due to the special property of the upper plastic film 4, further, the periphery of the upper plastic film 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool 2, and meanwhile, the upper plastic film 4 is in a loose state after being connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool 2, so that the upper plastic film 4 can move up and down in the seedling raising pool 2, the space division of the seedling raising cavity 5 and the water level adjusting cavity 6 can be adjusted and changed, and the volume of the seedling raising cavity 5 and the volume of the water level adjusting cavity 6 can be adjusted; therefore, the effect of lifting or descending the nutrient solution in the seedling culture cavity 5 is realized by adjusting the water volume in the water level adjusting cavity 6, so that the contact depth of the root of the tobacco seedling in the seedling tray frame 3 and the nutrient solution can be controlled, and the dynamic water supply for culturing the tobacco seedling is realized; after the tobacco seedlings are sowed for 20-22 days, water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged every afternoon, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity shrinks to enable the water level of the seedling raising cavity to fall, the seedling tray is separated from nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished every seven hours, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity expands to enable the water level of the seedling raising cavity to rise, the nutrient solution submerges the bottom of the seedling tray, the seedling tray is separated from the nutrient solution in rainy or humid weather, the water in the water level adjusting cavity begins to be discharged at three afternoon to enable the seedling tray to be separated from the nutrient solution, the water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished at seven afternoon until the nutrient solution submerges the bottom of the seedling tray, 1/2 that the water depth of the seedling raising cavity is the total depth is kept, and the tobacco seedlings; compared with the prior art that a seedling raising method of dynamic water supply is not adopted, the seedling raising method of dynamic water supply is adopted for seedling raising, the rotten seedling rate is effectively reduced and controlled, and the strong seedling rate is effectively improved; the labor for daily management of the seedbed land is reduced, and the labor cost is effectively saved; the seedling time is also effectively shortened.
Example 1
After MS Yunyan 87 and Honghuadajinyuan are sown, the sown seedlings are put into a seedling raising pool 2 with a dynamic water supply device through a seedling tray frame 3, tap water is continuously added into a seedling raising cavity according to the water absorption and evaporation loss of a substrate, the depth is 15cm, and ditch water is added into a water level adjusting cavity 6, and the depth is 5 cm; after 7 days of emergence, 800g of dissolved compound fertilizer (N: P) was added2O5:K2O =12:8: 24); thinning, final singling and water level adjustment are carried out 15 days after sowing; after 20 days of seeding, adjusting the water supply of the tobacco seedlings, discharging the water in the water level adjusting cavity 6 every afternoon to separate the seedling tray from the nutrient solution, replenishing the water in the water level adjusting cavity 6 every seven points, so that the nutrient solution submerges the bottom of the seedling tray, discharging the water in the water level adjusting cavity 6 every afternoon and replenishing the water in the water level adjusting cavity 6 every seven points in the afternoon when rainy days or humid days are existed, replenishing the water in the seedling raising cavity 5 to prevent the concentration of the nutrient solution from being too high, and keeping 1/2 that the water depth of the seedling raising cavity 5 occupies the total depth until the seedlings are transplanted; cutting leaves after sowing for 28 days, and adding 800g when cutting leaves for the first timeDissolved compound fertilizer (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), and 800g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added during the third leaf cutting; seedlings were grown 50 days after sowing.
Comparison: sowing MS Yunyan 87 and Honghuadajinyuan, putting into a common seedling raising pool, wherein the depth of the seedling raising pool is 20cm, continuously adding tap water into a seedling raising cavity, and keeping the water level of the seedling raising pool; after 7 days of emergence, 800g of dissolved compound fertilizer (N: P) was added2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), thinning, final singling and water level adjustment are carried out 15 days after sowing; cutting leaves after sowing for 28 days, and adding 800g of dissolved compound fertilizer (N: P) during first leaf cutting2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), and 800g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added during the second leaf cutting; hardening off the seedlings 48 days after sowing, opening the seedling shed at three points every day in the afternoon, lifting out the seedling tray, hardening off the seedlings in a cool and dry place, hardening off the seedlings for 3 hours, returning the seedlings to the seedling pool, and forming the seedlings 55 days after sowing.
TABLE 1 tobacco seedling quality and labor cost under different seedling raising modes
Note: the labor cost refers to the average number of workers for daily seedbed management of 100 nursery ponds
The result shows that compared with the traditional floating seedling culture, the seedling culture method using dynamic water supply seedling culture has the advantages that the rotten seedling rate is reduced from 5-10% to below 0.5%, and the strong seedling rate is improved to above 95%; the labor for daily management of the seedbed is reduced from 6 persons/day to 3 persons/day; the seedling time is also shortened by 5 days.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a device that supplies water at tobacco seedling in-process developments, includes pond frame (1) of growing seedlings, sets up pond (2) of growing seedlings in pond frame (1) of growing seedlings, its characterized in that: seedling tray frame (3) and upper plastic film (4) have set gradually inside from the top down in pond of growing seedlings (2), seedling tray frame (3) can be dismantled with pond of growing seedlings (2) and be connected, upper plastic film (4) and pond of growing seedlings (2) inner wall fixed connection and will grow seedlings pond (2) from the top down and separate for growing seedlings chamber (5) and water level control chamber (6), all be provided with raceway (7) in growing seedlings chamber (5) and water level control chamber (6), water level control chamber (6) still are provided with drain pipe (8), upper plastic film (4) can reciprocate in pond of growing seedlings (2) and make the volume in chamber of growing seedlings (5) and water level control chamber (6) adjust.
2. The device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper plastic film (4) is a spherical film, and the periphery of the upper plastic film (4) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising pool.
3. The device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of the seedling raising pool (2) is further provided with a lower plastic film (9), and the lower plastic film (9) is fixed to the side wall and the bottom of the seedling raising pool (2).
4. The device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water conveying pipe (7) and the water draining pipe (8) are both provided with water pumps.
5. The device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the periphery of the upper plastic film (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the upper end of the seedling raising pool (2).
6. A water supply seedling raising method of a device for dynamically supplying water in a tobacco seedling raising process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the preparation method of the tobacco seedling comprises the following steps:
(1) setting a water level: filling tap water into the seedling culture cavity, adding tap water to a depth of 10-20cm, adding furrow water into the water level adjusting cavity, adding furrow water to a depth of 2-8cm, wherein the water level of tap water exceeds the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm, scattering seeds into the seedling culture plate rack, continuously adding tap water into the seedling culture cavity according to the water absorption and evaporation loss of the matrix, keeping the water level in the seedling culture cavity to exceed the seedling culture plate rack by 1-5cm,
(2) adding a nutrient solution: after 7-8 days of seedling emergence, adding 1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), thinning, final singling and water level adjustment are carried out 15-18 days after sowing, so that the water depth of the upper layer accounts for 1/2 of the total depth,
(3) adjusting tobacco seedling water supply: after 20-22 days of sowing, water in the water level adjusting cavity is drained at four afternoon every day, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity is contracted, the water level of the seedling raising cavity is lowered, the seedling tray is separated from the nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished at seven points, the volume of the water level adjusting cavity is expanded, the water level of the seedling raising cavity is raised, and the nutrient solution submerges the bottom of the seedling tray; in rainy days or in humid days, water in the water level adjusting cavity starts to be drained at three points in the afternoon to separate the seedling tray from the nutrient solution, water in the water level adjusting cavity is replenished at seven points in the afternoon to ensure that the nutrient solution in the seedling raising cavity submerges the bottom of the seedling tray, 1/2 of the total depth of the water in the seedling raising cavity is kept, and the transplanting is continued until the tobacco seedlings are grown into seedlings,
(4) leaf cutting and fertilizing: cutting leaves 25-30 days after sowing, adding 800-: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), when the seedlings are 40-48 days old, adding 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer, wherein the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), second leaf pruning;when the seedlings are 50-60 days old, 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added, and the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), third leaf is cut.
7. The water supply seedling raising method of the device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step of leaf-cutting fertilization, when the seedling ages 60-65 days, 800-1000g of dissolved compound fertilizer is added in the leaf-cutting fertilization, and the mixing proportion of the compound fertilizer is as follows: (N: P)2O5:K2O =12:8: 24), the fourth lobe is cut.
8. The water supply seedling raising method of the device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) hardening seedlings 48 days after sowing, opening the seedling shed at three points in the afternoon every day, lifting a seedling tray with the weight of the seedling tray, putting the seedling tray in a cool and dry place for hardening the seedlings, hardening the seedlings for 3 hours, and then putting the seedling tray back to the seedling pool.
9. The water supply seedling raising method of the device for dynamically supplying water in the tobacco seedling raising process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water in the water level adjusting cavity is ditch water flowing through the tobacco field.
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| JP2003259740A (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-16 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | Pool for raising seedling, seedling-raising apparatus and method for raising seedling |
| CN101874438A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-11-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Belt-type seedling distributor |
| CN205755440U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-12-07 | 山东青岛烟草有限公司 | A kind of automatic tobacco seedling seeding apparatus for wet dish |
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| CN212436804U (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-02-02 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | Device for dynamically supplying water in tobacco seedling culture process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003259740A (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-16 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | Pool for raising seedling, seedling-raising apparatus and method for raising seedling |
| CN101874438A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-11-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Belt-type seedling distributor |
| CN205755440U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-12-07 | 山东青岛烟草有限公司 | A kind of automatic tobacco seedling seeding apparatus for wet dish |
| CN109511542A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-26 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | It is a kind of can adjust root system of plant and nutrient solution identity distance from hole tray frame and planting tray |
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