CN201509478U - Spray type three-dimensional cultivation system of hemispherical three-dimensional implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system for a hemispherical three-dimensional implant, which comprises a nutrient solution aerosol supply system and a hemispherical three-dimensional implant; the nutrient solution aerosol supply system includes a nozzle bracket and a plurality of Nozzles, the connecting pipes of the nozzles are all attached to the nozzle bracket; the nutrient solution pool is used to store the nutrient solution for cultivating plants; the high-pressure water pump is used to process the nutrient solution under high pressure; the three-dimensional implants are provided with mutual The planting holes arranged at intervals are provided with attachments for seeds or seedlings to attach to. The utility model provides a hemispherical three-dimensional implant spraying three-dimensional cultivation method, which obtains aerial roots with a simple structure and low cost.

Description

Spray type three-dimensional cultivation system of hemispherical three-dimensional implant

technical field

The utility model relates to a three-dimensional cultivation system, in particular to a spray type three-dimensional cultivation system of a hemispherical three-dimensional planting body.

Background technique

Traditional agriculture is a natural production method based on sunlight and soil matrix. The output and quality of products are restricted by the planting area and natural environmental conditions, and it is difficult to meet people's requirements for food quantity and quality.

Greenhouse cultivation gets rid of the restriction of the environment on agricultural production to a certain extent, and people can eat various vegetables or fruits at any time. Greenhouse soilless cultivation technology is a newest cultivation method researched and adopted along with the development of greenhouse production. Soilless cultivation can be roughly divided into two categories: substrate cultivation and substrateless cultivation. Substrate cultivation, that is, the root system of the crop is fixed in the substrate, and the plant absorbs the nutrient solution through the substrate. The main cultivation methods include bag cultivation, rock wool cultivation and nutrient solution film method. Substrate-free cultivation is generally called hydroponics, that is, the root system is in direct contact with the nutrient solution. In the hydroponic system, the more advanced form of nutrient solution supply is the shallow liquid flow supply method, that is, the roots of the plant are located in a relatively shallow place that flows at a certain rate. in the nutrient solution.

Plant factory is a highly specialized and modern facility agriculture developed after greenhouse cultivation. It is different from greenhouse production in that it completely gets rid of the constraints of natural conditions and climate under field production conditions, applies modern advanced technology and equipment, completely controls environmental conditions manually, and provides a balanced supply of agricultural products throughout the year. At present, high-efficiency plant factories have developed rapidly in some developed countries, realizing factory production of vegetables, edible fungi, and precious flowers and trees. One of the most important features of plant factories is the nutrient solution cultivation technology. For example, there are many methods of nutrient solution cultivation in Japan, such as NFT, Zhan liquid cultivation, and solid substrate cultivation (including rock wool cultivation, gravel cultivation, sand cultivation, etc.), among which Rock wool cultivation and NFT are the main ones, and rock wool cultivation accounts for nearly 50% of the nutrient solution cultivation area. Typical nutrient solution cultivation devices have the following forms: ① Sanshui NFT device - the cultivation bed is made of foam, with a certain slope (1/80-1/100), and the nutrient solution at the bottom is in the form of a film. Flowing, can automatically supply fertilizer, and is also equipped with a sterilizing device; ② Concorde type - use molded plastic cultivation beds, divided into several units, suitable for fruit and vegetable cultivation; ③ M type - cultivation tanks are connected by molded products made of "U"-shaped foam The planting board is also made of foam, covered with polyethylene film, which is suitable for the cultivation of leafy vegetables, especially duck celery; ④ Xinhe type equivalent exchange device - its main feature is that the cultivation tank is divided into two parts, and Equal exchange of nutrient solution to supply sufficient oxygen to the root system (②, ③, ④ all belong to Zhanye cultivation device); For the drainage pipe, lay granular rock wool pads, rock wool blocks and shaped irrigation pipes in sequence from bottom to top. The drip irrigation method is adopted, and the excess nutrient solution flows back to the sump through the drainage pipe for recycling. Plant factories mostly use mobile cultivation devices, mainly including flat, three-dimensional and inclined types. Through reasonable and dense planting, the effective cultivation area is increased. In the above-mentioned cultivation method, the roots of the plants are located in the nutrient solution most of the time, which cannot provide a better breathing environment for the plants and directly affects the metabolism rate of the plants.

The patent number is ZL96105058.6, and the date of authorization announcement is April 19, 2000. The Chinese utility model patent-plant nutrient solution atomization cultivation reactor adopts the nutrient solution atomization supply method, but the reactor is used to cultivate plants The tissue must be a closed glass tank, and the glass tank needs to ensure a certain temperature. There are multiple layers of stainless steel mesh for placing tissue blocks in the tank from top to bottom. Since the reactor adopts a multi-layer structure, spraying The nutrient solution needs to be circulated in the entire reactor driven by the propeller, and then fill the entire reactor, so that the tissue blocks on different layers can absorb the nutrient solution. In addition, because the nutrient solution atomization culture reactor is in a closed form, it needs to be ventilated during the fog stop period, which is not only complicated in structure, but also not suitable for plant cultivation.

In addition, since the plant factory system can realize automatic planting, this method not only helps to shorten the cultivation time of plants, but also can increase the content of nutrients in plants by configuring nutrient solutions. The most important thing is that it can reduce pollution and even achieve pollution-free Planting, therefore, Japan, Israel and other countries are also constantly developing plant factory systems, but the currently developing plant factory systems have relatively strict requirements for hardware equipment, and the structures of various configurations are also relatively complicated, such as implants, etc., to achieve The cost is relatively high, and it is not suitable for large-scale promotion and application. The Japanese patent discloses a vertical aerosol hydroponic system for ultra-high density plants. Its international publication number is WO00/44220, and the international publication date is August 3, 2000. The system uses multi-layer planting racks to grow vegetables. This device Only root vegetables can be planted, and fruit and vegetable plants cannot be planted, because fruit and vegetable vegetables generally require a large growth space, especially vine vegetables such as melons and cucumbers; in addition, although this device achieves high-density planting, it can improve The output of the product, but excessive dense planting will cause a series of problems, such as the need for artificial light, which has high requirements for the environment. If the device is installed in an ordinary greenhouse environment, there will be various diseases and insect pests. If it is in a sterile environment If the settings are lower, the production cost will be greatly increased. Therefore, the vegetables grown are only suitable for high-end consumer groups, and ordinary consumers cannot enjoy the benefits brought by factory planting.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system of a hemispherical three-dimensional implant that is beneficial to plant growth and has a simple structure, through which aerial roots can be obtained.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system of a hemispherical three-dimensional implant, including a nutrient solution aerosol supply system and a hemispherical three-dimensional implant; the nutrient solution aerosol supply system includes Nozzle bracket and a plurality of nozzles, the connecting pipes of the nozzles are all attached to the nozzle bracket; the nutrient solution pool; the high-pressure water pump, the input port of the high-pressure water pump communicates with the output pipeline of the nutrient solution pool, and the high-pressure water pump The output port communicates with the nozzle; the three-dimensional implant body is provided with planting holes spaced apart from each other, and the planting holes are provided with attachments for seeds or seedlings to attach to.

Preferably, the nutrient solution aerosol supply system further includes a magnetization device, and the magnetization device is arranged between the nutrient solution pool and the high-pressure water pump.

Preferably, the nutrient solution aerosol supply system further includes a filter for filtering impurities in the nutrient solution, and the filter is arranged between the output port of the high-pressure water pump and the spray head.

Preferably, the nutrient solution aerosol supply system further includes a reflux tank, the reflux tank is obliquely arranged on the bottom surface of the three-dimensional implant, and a reflux filter and a reflux sterilizer are sequentially arranged between the reflux tank and the nutrient solution pool The device flows back to the nutrient solution pool.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the nutrient solution is provided to the plants in the form of aerosol, which is more conducive to the absorption of the plants. The nutrient solution in the structure, combined with the supply form of aerosol, can make the plant absorb it directly without first decomposing it through the plant's own microorganisms before absorbing it, which can not only speed up the absorption speed, but also improve the utilization rate of the nutrient solution. In the case of using three-dimensional implants to plant plants, the aerosol nutrient solution will permeate the entire interior of the three-dimensional implants, and the roots located inside the three-dimensional implants can directly absorb the nutrients in the nutrient solution, which is conducive to improving the content of the plant. The content of nutrients; in addition, the roots of plants can be completely exposed to the air, which is beneficial for the roots to breathe oxygen, which can speed up the metabolism of plants, and then promote the growth of plants. Generally, the plants can be harvested in about one month. Adopt the spray-type three-dimensional cultivation method of the hemispherical three-dimensional implant described in the utility model, the spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system of the hemispherical three-dimensional implant described in the utility model has no special rigid requirements except the basic requirements, as described The three-dimensional implant does not need to be sealed, as long as the sprayed nutrient solution does not splash outwards and waste the nutrient solution, and the material of the three-dimensional implant itself has no special requirements, such as ordinary foam boards and films, etc. can be used, so , The spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system of the hemispherical three-dimensional implant described in the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost, which is conducive to the promotion of agricultural industrialization technology, and is easy to transform farmers into blue-collar workers. Finally, the planting holes on the three-dimensional implant described in the utility model can adopt a reasonable density. If the distance between adjacent planting holes is between 6 and 8 cm, the rhizome and rhizome can be planted simultaneously on the same three-dimensional implant. Fruit and vegetable plants do not need to add an artificial lighting system, and plant factory planting can be realized in ordinary greenhouses, and the grown fruits and roots can be maintained at a low price, truly benefiting ordinary consumers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the planar implant;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of A-A direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a three-dimensional implant;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the nutrient solution aerosol supply system;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the buffer groove described in the present invention.

Detailed ways

Now with reference to the accompanying drawings, the spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system of the hemispherical three-dimensional implant of the utility model is described in detail.

A spray-type three-dimensional cultivation system for a hemispherical three-dimensional implant, comprising a nutrient solution aerosol supply system and the above-mentioned three-dimensional implant 51.

On the attachment of each planting hole of the hemispherical three-dimensional implant 51 shown in Figure 3, a seed or seedling is implanted and the three-dimensional implant 51 is placed in the nutrient solution aerosol supply system. The outside of the nozzle 54; here, the seeds of the plant can be directly implanted in the attachment, without any additional process, and without adding any matrix in the attachment, the operation is very simple.

The three-dimensional implant 51 is provided with the same principle as the planar implant in the form of the implant holes and attachments. Here, the structure of the three-dimensional implant 51 will be described by explaining the structure of the planar implant. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the planar implant body 511 is provided with planting holes 512 spaced apart from each other, such as being arranged in a regular matrix, and an attachment 513 for attaching seeds is fixed on the outside of the bottom of each row of planting holes 512. The width of the body 513 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the planting hole, and the planting holes at the same level of the corresponding three-dimensional implant 51 can share a circle of attachments; wherein, the attachments 513 can be thinner sponges.

When the external temperature is higher than or equal to 25°C, the three-dimensional implant is directly placed in the cultivation area, and the nutrient solution or water is sprayed through the nozzle 54 arranged in the cultivation area; when the external temperature is lower than 25°C, Then the three-dimensional implant is first placed in the nursery room for 1 to 3 days, the temperature of the nursery room needs to be kept between 25° C. and 30° C., and water is sprayed through the nozzle 54 provided in the nursery room to make the seeds take root and germinate. After that, place it in the seedling training area for 2 to 3 days. The temperature in the seedling training area decreases day by day between the temperature of the nursery room and the outside temperature. If the outside temperature is 0°C, the temperature of the seedling room is 28°C. If the seedling area is placed for 3 days, the temperature on the first day will be 21°C, the temperature on the second day will be 14°C, and the temperature on the third day will be 7°C, and the roots of the plants will be nourished by the nozzles set in the seedling training area. liquid or water injection; finally the three-dimensional implant is placed in the cultivation area, and the nutrient solution or water injection is carried out through the nozzle 54 arranged in the cultivation area until the plants are mature enough to be picked.

In addition, seeds or seedlings of different plants can be implanted on the three-dimensional implant 51, such as seeds or seedlings of fruits and vegetables can be implanted in the planting holes on the top, and rhizomes can be implanted in the planting holes at the bottom. Seeds or seedlings, that is, the upper part of the three-dimensional implant 51 is a fruit and vegetable planting area, and the lower part is a rhizome planting area. When the seeds of fruits and vegetables take root and germinate, and grow vines, hang the vines of fruits and vegetables on the trellis above the three-dimensional planter 51, so that the vegetables below can rely on the trellis to shade.

The nutrient solution aerosol supply system includes a nutrient solution pool 1 as shown in FIG. 4 for storing nutrient solution for cultivating plants, wherein the nutrient solution may be liquid organic fertilizer. In order to allow the nutrient solution to be sprayed out in the form of aerosol through the nozzle, it is necessary to apply high-pressure treatment to the nutrient solution flowing out of the output pipe of the nutrient solution pool 1 through the high-pressure water pump 3, that is, the input port of the high-pressure water pump 3 and the nutrient solution pool 1 is connected to the output pipeline, and the output port of the high-pressure water pump 3 is connected to the nozzle installed in the plant growth area 5, wherein the selection of the high-pressure water pump 3 needs to make the nutrient solution treated with high pressure can be sprayed in an aerosol state when it reaches the nozzle , taking into account both cost and effect, the choice of high-pressure water pump 3 can make the pressure of the nutrient solution reaching the nozzle reach 1 to 5 kg. high.

The nutrient solution aerosol supply system includes a nozzle 54 as shown in FIG. There are multiple stereoscopic implants 51 that are simultaneously controlled by the same set of nutrient solution aerosol supply system. The connecting pipe 55 directly connected to the spray head 54 can be attached to the spray head support 53, and a part of the spray head can be directly installed on the spray head support 53, or can be suspended in the air by the shapeability of the connection pipe 55 as required, and connected The tube 55 can adjust the distance between the nozzle 54 and the three-dimensional implant 51 . In addition, the shape of the nozzle holder 53 can be set according to the shape of the three-dimensional implant 51. For the hemispherical three-dimensional implant 51, the nozzle holder 53 can be designed as a ring-shaped bracket structure with at least two layers, from top to bottom. Next, the circumference of the ring-shaped stent can gradually increase.

Automatically control the nozzle 54 to directly spray the high-pressure treated nutrient solution onto the attachment in the form of aerosol until the root of the seed grows through the attachment and extends into the interior of the three-dimensional implant, then the The nozzle sprays the nutrient solution directly to the roots of the plants until the plants are mature enough to be picked. The injection frequency of the nozzle 54 and the concentration of the injected nutrient solution can be set according to the requirements of planting different plants according to the situation known to those skilled in the art, and adjusted at different growth stages of the plants. The most basic requirement for the concentration of the nutrient solution is that when the plants are in the growth, maturity and harvest periods respectively, the concentration of the nutrient solution used in the mature period is the highest, followed by the harvest period, and the lowest in the growth period.

At first, when the nutrient solution is sprayed in an aerosol state through the nozzle 54 after being subjected to high-pressure treatment by the high-pressure water pump 3, the nutrient solution will permeate through the attachment to moisten the seeds, and when the seeds germinate and grow roots 52 into the three-dimensional implant 51 , the nutrient solution can be directly sprayed onto the roots 52 to provide nutrition for the plants. When the plants grow up gradually and the roots 52 become more and more developed, the attachments can be broken and dropped on the ground. The liquid supply method can really get aerial roots. The nutrient solution is sprayed in the form of aerosol, which will permeate the entire internal space of the three-dimensional implant 51, that is, it can permeate the entire root space of the plant, so that the plant can obtain mineral nutrients and absorb more oxygen from the air , so the root growth is particularly developed, and the plant growth rate is 3 to 5 times that of hydroponics and land cultivation. If vegetables, the plant nutrient solution aerosol supply system described in the utility model can make its vine grow 2 to 3 meters in the time of 1 month, and the root grows 2 to 3 meters.

A magnetizing device 2 can be set on the output pipeline from the nutrient solution pool 1 to the high-pressure water pump 3, and the magnetizing device 2 can include two strong magnets that are attracted together to provide a strong magnetic field of 20,000 Gauss to 40,000 Gauss. 2. The passing nutrient solution can be cut.

In addition, a filter 4 for filtering impurities in the nutrient solution may be provided between the output port of the high-pressure water pump 3 and the nozzle 54 to avoid clogging the nozzle 54 during long-term use.

Since only a part of the nutrient solution sprayed in the three-dimensional implant 51 is absorbed by the root 52, the other part will drip through the root 52 or directly fall on the ground. The reflux tank 56, the nutrient solution to be reflux is filtered through the reflux filter 6 through the reflux tank 56, and then refluxed to the nutrient solution pool 1 after being sterilized by the reflux sterilizing device 7 for further circulation use. Wherein, the reflux sterilizing device may be an ultraviolet lamp, and the reflux filter 6 and the reflux sterilizing device 7 are preferably arranged near the nutrient solution pool 1 . Since the flow rate of the return nutrient solution needs to be limited to sterilize the return nutrient solution through the ultraviolet lamp tube, if the flow rate is too fast, the sterilization effect will not be achieved. Therefore, this problem can be solved in a simple way, that is, in the A buffer groove 10 as shown in Figure 5 is arranged next to the nutrient solution pool 1, and the inside of the buffer groove 10 is provided with a buffer wall 14, and the height of the buffer wall 14 is lower than the height of the buffer groove 10, and the buffer wall 14 will buffer The groove 10 is divided into two parts, respectively a buffer front area 101 and a buffer rear area 102, and a communication area 15, such as a communication hole, is provided between the buffer rear area 102 and the nutrient solution pool 1. After the returning nutrient solution enters the buffer front area 101 of the buffer groove 10 , it needs to cross the buffer wall 14 and enter the buffer rear area 102 , thereby reducing the flow velocity of the returning nutrient solution in the buffer groove 10 . The backflow sterilization device 7 , such as an ultraviolet lamp, can be installed on the upper part or the inner wall of the buffer tank 10 , such as being arranged on the upper part or the inner wall of the buffer tank located in the buffer front area 101 . In addition, the flow velocity of the returning nutrient solution can also be reduced in a simpler way, that is, to limit the cross-sectional area of the communication area 15 between the buffer groove and the nutrient solution pool 1 . In addition, the buffer groove 10 also has the function of precipitating impurities during deceleration through the buffer wall 14 .

In addition, the nutrient solution can be heated in winter, such as adding a heating wire to the nutrient solution pool 1, and the nutrient solution can be heated to a temperature between 5°C and 30°C. It can also be managed by a computer. According to the law of transpiration of plants, the water content and humidity of roots are adjusted, which more effectively promotes the growth of crop potential.

The above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model are non-limiting implementations, and all modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the essence of the utility model all belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. the atomizing solid cultivation system of a hemispherical solid growth body is characterized in that: comprise nutrient solution aerosol feed system and hemispheric solid growth body; Described nutrient solution aerosol feed system comprises head cartridge and a plurality of shower nozzle, and the tube connector of described shower nozzle all is attached on the described head cartridge; The nutrition liquid pool; High-pressure hydraulic pump, the input port of described high-pressure hydraulic pump is communicated with the output channel of nutrition liquid pool, and the output port of described high-pressure hydraulic pump is communicated with described shower nozzle; Described solid growth body is provided with the implantation hole that is intervally installed, and described implantation hole is provided with the attachment that supplies seed or seedling to adhere to.

2. the atomizing solid cultivation system of hemispherical solid growth body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nutrient solution aerosol feed system also comprises magnetizing assembly, and described magnetizing assembly is arranged between the paramount water pump of nutrition liquid pool.

3. the atomizing solid cultivation system of hemispherical solid growth body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nutrient solution aerosol feed system also comprises filter; Described filter is arranged between the output port and shower nozzle of described high-pressure hydraulic pump.

4. the atomizing solid cultivation system of hemispherical solid growth body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nutrient solution aerosol feed system also comprises backflash, described backflash is arranged on the bottom surface of solid growth body obliquely, and described backflash is to being disposed with return filter and backflow sterilizing unit between the nutrition liquid pool.

5. the atomizing solid cultivation system of hemispherical solid growth body according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described nutrient solution aerosol feed system also comprises the buffering groove, it is arranged on the position of closing on described nutrition liquid pool, and is communicated with described nutrition liquid pool; The inside of described buffering groove is provided with buffer wall; Described backflow sterilizing unit is a quartz burner, and described quartz burner is installed on the top or inwall of described buffering groove.

6. according to the atomizing solid cultivation system of each described hemispherical solid growth body in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described hemispheric solid growth body, the implantation hole that its top is provided with is as the fruit vegetables growing area, and the western implantation hole that is provided with is as the tubers growing area.

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