CN1118758A - 用于压热灭菌处理的包装薄膜 - Google Patents

用于压热灭菌处理的包装薄膜 Download PDF

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CN1118758A
CN1118758A CN95107650A CN95107650A CN1118758A CN 1118758 A CN1118758 A CN 1118758A CN 95107650 A CN95107650 A CN 95107650A CN 95107650 A CN95107650 A CN 95107650A CN 1118758 A CN1118758 A CN 1118758A
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林田晴雄
野村良一
小山悟
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种压热处理包装薄膜,该薄膜在温度190℃、负重2.16kg的熔体流量为0.1~50g/10分、而且密度为0.930~0.940g/cm3的由乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物100重量份数以及二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物0.05~0.30重量份数构成。

Description

用于压热灭菌处理的包装薄膜
本发明是关于压热处理包装用薄膜。
在加热灭菌装置中对食品进行的处理称为压热(灭菌)处理(レトルト),作为加热灭菌食品所用的包装材料,广泛地使用压热处理包装薄膜。
为使食品在被消费之前一直保持在无菌状态,要求压热处理包装薄膜对于氧气、水分、紫外线、细菌等具有不透性、耐热性、密封性、可操作性、卫生性等性能。为了满足这些复杂的性能要求,在外层通常使用具有不透性的聚酯、尼龙,在内层为了密封通常使用具有热封性能的聚乙烯、聚丙烯,将它们用粘结剂等粘合成叠层。为了能看到膜内的装入物,希望制得的叠层薄膜是透明的。
为了确实使灭过菌的食品在常温流通过程中能够保存,把要进行灭菌的食品填充到该薄膜容器中使之达到完全密封,将其在高温、加热灭菌处理一定时间以制成灭菌袋装食品。因此,为了能经得住加热灭菌处理,要求用于加热灭菌的包装薄膜必须具有足够好的耐热性。
过去,用于110℃以上的压热处理情况,使用内层为聚丙烯系薄膜的薄膜容器。但是最近,由于需要将灭菌袋装食品在冷冻后再进行流通,在冷冻状态下由于落下等原因而发生了破袋问题。为了改进聚丙烯在低温的耐冲击性,已知的方法是掺入少量的乙烯生成共聚来提高强度,但是其效果还不能说是十分明显的。另一方面,尽管聚乙烯在低温有良好的耐冲击性,但聚乙烯的耐热性差,同时因薄膜加热会泛白,需要降低压热处理温度,因而造成灭菌不完全,又延长了灭菌时间,降低了操作效率等问题。
本发明人,对于同时具有良好的低温耐冲击性,良好的耐热性,在压热处理中不泛白的压热处理包装薄膜进行了重复的专门研究,结果发现,由特定的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物以及二亚苄基山梨(糖)醇(ジバンヅリデン-ソルゼト-ル)衍生物组成的薄膜,不仅具有良好的低温耐冲击性、良好的耐热性,且在压热处理中不泛白,而且有良好的透明性、易进行挤压加工,作为复合薄膜时有良好的热封性,可以作为压热处理包装薄膜使用,从而完成了本发明。
亦即,本发明提供了由在温度190℃、负重2.16kg的熔体流量为0.1~50g/10分、而且密度为0.930~0.940g/cm3的乙烯与碳原子数为3~18的α-链烯烃组成的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物100重量份数,和二亚苄基山梨(糖)醇衍生物0.05~0.30重量份数构成的压热处理包装薄膜。
作为本发明的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物中的碳原子数为3~18的α-链烯烃,例如可举出:丙烯、丁烯-1、4-甲基-1-戊烯、己烯-1、辛烯-1、癸烯-1(デセン-1)等,它们可以单独使用,也可以两种以上并用。
α-链烯烃的含量通常是1~10重量%,最好是1~8重量%,该含量如小于1重量%,耐冲击性往往差,如超过10重量%,在压热处理过程中往往发生热熔粘接。
在温度190℃、负荷2.16kg的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物的熔体流量为0.1~50g/10分、最好为1~30g/10分。熔体流量如果小于0.1g/10分,则熔融粘度过大,导致挤压加工性变坏,熔体流量如果大于50g/10分,则作为复合薄膜时的热封强度变差。
乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物的密度大于0.930g/cm3,小于0.940g/cm3是必要的,最好是大于0.930g/cm3,小于0.938g/cm3。如果密度小于0.930g/cm3,耐热性不好,如果密度大于0.940g/cm3,则耐冲击性差。
本发明使用的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物,例如可通过离子聚合等方法来制造。
离子聚合法是将乙烯和碳原子数为3~18的α-链烯烃用TiCl3等的非均质系过渡金属作催化剂或者茂金属等的均匀系作催化剂、在存在或是不存在环己烷等溶剂时,在气-固、液-固或均一液层下聚合的方法,通过该方法可以制造乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物。聚合温度通常为30℃-300℃、聚合压力通常是常压~3000kg/cm3
本发明的压热处理包装薄膜,由上述的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物100重量份数以及二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物0.05~0.25重量份数组成。
作为二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物,可列举出例如,1.3,2.4二亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3,2.4-二-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3,2.4-二-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、双(对-乙基亚苄基)山梨糖醇、1.3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-对-氯代亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3-对-亚苄基-2,4-对-氯代亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-对-异丙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-异丙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3-亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3-亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-乙基亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-乙基亚苄基-2,4-亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-氯代亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-乙基亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-甲基亚苄基-2,4-亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-乙基-2,4-亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-亚苄基-2,4-对-氯代亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-氯代亚苄基-2,4-对-亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-乙基亚苄基-2,4-对-氯代亚苄基山梨糖醇、1,3-对-氯代亚苄基-2,4-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇等。尤其是1.3,2.4二亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3,2.4-二-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3,2.4-二-对-乙基亚苄基山梨糖醇、双(对-乙基亚苄基)山梨糖醇更为可取。
二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的含量,相对于聚乙烯系树脂100重量份数,为0.05~0.30重量份数,最好是0.15~0.20重量份数。二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的含量如果小于0.05重量份数,则在压热处理中不能完全防止泛白,另一方面,如果该含量超过0.30重量份数,则根据美国联邦食品医药局(FDA)的规定,不能作为食品包装薄膜使用。
本发明的压热处理包装薄膜的制造方法,没有特殊的限制,例如,在上述的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物和二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物中,根据需要也可加入抗氧化剂、润滑剂、抗粘结剂、静电防止剂、中和剂等,可用单轴挤出机,双轴挤出机、斑伯里混炼机等通过混合,制得树脂组合物,将得到的树脂组合物,可通过薄膜吹塑成型薄膜加工法或T模头薄膜加工法等来制作薄膜。
另外,也可用由此制得的薄膜相互间进行组合或是使由此制得的薄膜与其他的热塑性树脂组成的薄膜组合制作双层或双层以上的双组分挤压薄膜。
作为双组分挤压薄膜,例如,以本发明的压热处理包装薄膜作为中间层,以不合二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的薄膜作为其两外层的双组分挤压薄膜等。
对于压热处理容器,可以用上述压热处理包装薄膜或是含有这种薄膜的二层以上的双组分挤压薄膜作为内层,将尼龙薄膜或聚乙烯对苯二酸酯薄膜等不透性薄膜作为外层,用粘结剂等贴合而得到。
根据本发明,不仅可以得到具有优良的低温耐冲击性,优良的耐热性并在压热处理中不泛白,而且具有良好的透明性,可挤压加工法,作为复合薄膜时有良好的热封性的压热处理用包装薄膜。
实施例
下面用实施例说明本发明,当然本发明不受实施例的限定。
以下说明物理参数的测定方法
(1)密度
用JISK6760(ASTM-D792)测定。但是,比较例7的聚丙烯,测定了在230℃的、未退火的加压薄片(230℃でのプレスツ-トよアニ-ルをしで测定した)
(2)熔体流量(MFR)
用JIS K6760(ASTM-D1238)、在温度190℃、负荷2.16kg的条件下测定。但是,比较例7的聚丙烯在230℃测定。
(3)雾度(透明性)(Haze)
依据ASTM D1003测定
(4)压热处理前后的雾度差(耐热性、泛白程度)(△Haze)
将尼龙、聚乙烯对苯二酸酯等基材和压热处理包装薄膜,用欠胶层压塑料用粘合剂贴合制成10cm×10cm的口袋,将水装入袋中,在空气不进入的情况下进行热合密封。然后,将填充了水的口袋用高压蒸气灭菌器灭菌(アルプ(株)制),在120℃下加热30分钟进行灭菌。用这种操作达到的泛白程度,以压热处理前后的雾度差(△Haze)表示。△Haze的数值越小表示泛白(发白)程度越小,耐热性就越好。
实施例1
相对于作为聚乙烯系树脂的乙烯-己烯-1共聚物(住友化学工业(株)制,MFR=2.0g/10分,密度=0.937g/cm3为100重量份数,加入亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物EC-1(イ-シ-化学工业(株)制,1.3,2.4二亚苄基山梨糖醇)为0.200重量份数,作为抗粘连剂的硅石为0.1重量份数,作为润滑剂的芥酸酰胺为0.03重量份数混合制得树脂组合物,将该组合物于安装有模头宽为600mm、模唇为0.7mm的50mmφT模头挤出机上,在模头设定温度240℃,挤出量为10kg/h的条件下进行挤压,用控制在50℃的600mmφ的半无光滚筒上冷却,得到厚度60μm的薄膜。进而,将该薄膜通过尼龙基材和欠胶层压塑料贴合,得到压热处理包装用薄膜。关于该压热处理包装薄膜,评估了其雾度和泛白(发白)程度。结果在表1中示出。
实施例2-5及比较例1-7
除了表1~表3的条件之外,与实施例1以同样方法进行。但是,在实施例5中,组合50mmφ挤出机和40mmφ的挤出机(50mmφの押出机40mmφの押出机组合ャ)用供料头方式进行挤出、制作二种三层结构(厚度5/50/5μ)的双组分挤压薄膜,只有在中间层使用了三亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物。结果在表1~3中示出。
表1
              实             施          例1       2      3    4     5混合配料聚乙烯系树脂种类*1             A1      A3    A4    A5    A1特性MFRg/10分*2    2       2     2     2     2密度g/cm3     0.937   0.932 0.931 0.930 0.937衍生物种类*3         B1      B2    B2    B1    B2量*4           0.200   0.200 0.152 0.200 0.300评价透明性(Haze)压热杀菌处理前% 8       4      6    7     10压热杀菌处理后% 14      11     12   15    16耐热性(△Haze)   6       7      6    8     6
表2
                    比        较        例
                 1    2     3    4     5     6混合配料聚乙烯系树脂种类*1              A1   A2     A3   A4    A5    A5特性
MFR g/10分*2    2     2     2     2     2     2
密度g/cm3   0.937 0.940 0.932 0.931 0.930 0.930衍生物种类*3             -      -     -     -     -     -量*4                0     0     0     0     0     0评价透明性(Haze)压热杀菌处理前%    11    12    11     9     9     5压热杀菌处理后%    40    32    31    28    30    35耐热性(△Haze)      29    20    20    21    21    30
表3
                  比较例
                      7混合配料树脂种类*1                    A6特性
MFR g/10分*2          2
密度g/cm3            0.893衍生物种类                       -量*4                      0评价透明性(Haze)压热杀菌处理前%          35压热杀菌处理后%          35耐热性(△Haze)            0
*1(聚乙烯系树脂的)种类
A1~A3:乙烯-己烯-1共聚物
A4:乙烯-辛烯-1共聚物
A5:乙烯-丁烯-1共聚物
A6:聚丙烯
*2MFR:在温度190℃、负重2.16kg的熔体流量
*3(二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的)种类
B1:1.3,2.4二亚苄基山梨糖醇
B2:1.3,2.4-二-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇
*4(二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的)量
相对于聚乙烯系树脂每100重量份数的二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的重量份数。

Claims (9)

1.压热处理包装薄膜,该薄膜由在温度190℃、负重2.16kg的熔体流量为0.1~50g/10分、而且密度为0.930~0.940g/cm3的由乙烯与碳原子数为3~18的α-链烯烃组成的乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物100重量份数和二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物0.05~0.30重量份数构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的压热处理包装用薄膜,其中密度为0.930~0.938g/cm3
3.根据权利要求1所述的压热处理包装用薄膜,其中乙烯-α-链烯烃共聚物中的α-链烯烃是丙烯、丁烯-1、己烯-1或辛烯-1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的压热处理包装用薄膜,其中二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的含量为0.15~0.20重量份数。
5.根据权利要求1所述的压热处理包装用薄膜,其中二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物是1.3,2.4二亚苄基山梨糖醇、1.3,2.4-二-对-甲基亚苄基山梨糖醇。
6.将权利要求1中记载的压热处理包装用薄膜作为中间层,将不合二亚苄基山梨糖醇衍生物的薄膜配放在两外层双组分挤压形成双组分挤压薄膜。
7.将权利要求6中记载的双组分挤压薄膜作为内层,不透性薄膜作为外层,将它们贴合而成压热处理用容器。
8.将权利要求1中记载的压热处理包装用薄膜作为内层,不透性薄膜作为外层,将它们贴合而成压热处理用容器。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的压热处理用容器,其中的不透性薄膜是尼龙薄膜或聚乙烯对苯二酸酯薄膜。
CN95107650A 1994-07-01 1995-06-27 用于压热灭菌处理的包装薄膜 Pending CN1118758A (zh)

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