CN111819926A

CN111819926A - Residual film recycling and straw returning combined machine

Info

Publication number: CN111819926A
Application number: CN202010741041.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈芳; 刘家玮; 王建勇; 曹肆林; 杨豫新; 张兰
Original assignee: Xinjiang Youhoupu Agricultural Machinery Co ltd; Xinjiang Zhenxin Minchuang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xinjiang Youhoupu Agricultural Machinery Co ltd; Xinjiang Zhenxin Minchuang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-21
Filing date: 2020-07-21
Publication date: 2020-10-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a residual film recycling and straw returning combined machine which comprises a traction frame, a straw crushing device, a main frame, a scissor type film unloading mechanism, a travelling wheel, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, an impurity removing device, a residual film picking device and a depth limiting tail wheel, wherein the traction frame is connected with the straw crushing device through the traction frame; the invention reasonably integrates the residual film recovery operation and the straw returning operation together, belongs to a combined operation machine tool, can effectively reduce the ground entering times of a tractor, lightens the harmful compaction on soil, reduces power consumption, has smooth whole operation process, saves labor and time, has high working reliability, occupies small stacking area after the residual film is compacted, is convenient for subsequent transfer treatment, and has higher residual film recovery rate.

Description

Residual film recycling and straw returning combined machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a residual mulching film recycling and straw returning combined machine, in particular to a residual mulching film recycling and straw smashing and returning combined machine which is suitable for continuous operation.

Background

The farmland plastic film mulching cultivation technology has the effects of improving the ground temperature, preventing seedling freezing damage, resisting drought and preserving soil moisture, inhibiting weed growth, prolonging the growth period of partial crops and the like, can greatly improve the quality and the yield of the crops, and has important strategic significance for developing dry land agriculture. The introduction of the plastic film mulching cultivation technology since 1978 in China has now developed into the world with the largest plastic film mulching cultivation area, which exceeds 3 hundred million acres. For a long time, polyethylene ultrathin mulching films with the thickness of about 0.01mm are mainly used in China, are not easy to recover, are extremely difficult to degrade under natural conditions (the degradation period is 200-400 years), and accumulate year by year to form white pollution, so that a series of problems of soil structure damage, farmland quality reduction, crop yield reduction, blocked farm work operation, secondary environmental pollution and the like are caused.

Xinjiang is the area where the plastic film mulching cultivation technology is used in the field at the earliest time in China, residual film pollution becomes an important factor influencing the ecological environment and the sustainable and healthy development of the Xinjiang farmland, and serious harm is caused to the development of Xinjiang characteristic agriculture and regional economy. Research and research results show that the average residual quantity of mulching films in the field of cotton of the military groups produced and constructed in Xinjiang is 17.4 kg/mu, the average yield reduction of seed cotton is 11.5 percent, and the quality of cotton and textiles is also influenced after residual mulching films are mixed into the cotton. At present, the mulching area of the plastic film in the whole area of Xinjiang exceeds 5000 ten thousand mu, the average mu dosage exceeds 4.0kg, the recovery rate is less than 40 percent, more than 10 ten thousand tons of residual plastic film are newly added every year, and an effective treatment technology is urgently needed.

Since 1982, agricultural and mechanical researchers in China have already conducted research on related technologies. According to incomplete statistics, the machine types developed up to now can be more than 100, and can be divided into a seedling-stage residual film recycling machine, a post-autumn residual film recycling machine and a pre-sowing residual film recycling machine according to the operation period, and can be divided into a surface-layer residual film recycling machine, a shallow-ploughing-layer residual film recycling machine and a ploughing-layer residual film recycling machine according to the operation depth. However, the actual production site is complex, the straw, soil, stone, residual film and the like are mixed, and the mulching film is fragile and easy to wind, so that the recovery technology is difficult, and the related mechanization technology has obvious defects and cannot well meet the agricultural production requirements. For example, patent CN201620687696.4, without a film collecting box, needs to stop and unload the film by 30-50 meters; for example, patent CN201820262175.3, although there is a film collecting box, it can not process straw effectively, the residual film is in fluffy state, and the film box is easy to fill. Therefore, the film is frequently unloaded, and the effective and continuous operation is difficult to complete, which not only affects the operation efficiency, but also brings inconvenience to the secondary cleaning work because a large amount of film piles are piled in the field after the operation.

Disclosure of Invention

When the incomplete membrane recovery operation is carried out in the farmland, technically need improve the operating efficiency and incomplete membrane rate of recovery on the one hand, on the other hand still need promote the miscellaneous separation effect of membrane, so not only can ensure the work load of machines and tools, can create convenient condition for the processing of follow-up recovery back plastic film moreover, improve the advance and the practicality of machines and tools greatly, easily use widely. Therefore, the invention provides an operation idea and a machine tool for combining residual film recovery boxing and straw smashing and returning according to the requirement of recovering mulching films after autumn crops are harvested in Xinjiang area; in order to reduce the impurity rate, the two modes of air separation and mechanical vibration separation are combined to remove impurities on the film surface, and the harvested mulching film is cleaner and convenient for secondary utilization. Meanwhile, aiming at the problem that the traditional positive displacement type film box cannot effectively load the waste mulching films, in the collecting process, a mechanism is adopted to effectively compact the residual mulching films, so that the continuous operation distance of a machine is increased, the film unloading times are greatly reduced, and the mulching films are guaranteed to be unloaded to the ground; therefore, the working efficiency and the working quality of the machine tool are both obviously improved.

The invention aims to provide a residual film recycling and straw returning combined machine which is used for the combined operation of residual film recycling and boxing and straw smashing and returning aiming at the requirement of recycling a mulching film after crops are harvested in a farmland and autumn.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention is characterized in that: the invention comprises a traction frame, a straw smashing device, a main frame, a scissor type film unloading mechanism, a travelling wheel, a chain transmission system, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, a impurity discharging device, a residual film picking device and a depth limiting tail wheel; the traction frame is arranged right in front of the main frame, the straw smashing device is arranged below the front part of the main frame, the film collecting box is arranged right above the main frame, the residual film picking device is arranged right behind the main frame, the travelling wheel is arranged below the main frame, and the depth limiting tail wheel is arranged below the residual film picking device; the film cutting and unloading mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box, the residual film compacting device is arranged at the rear part of the main frame, and the impurity removing device is arranged below the residual film picking device.

The straw crushing device comprises a frame, a crushing transmission system, a gearbox, a throwing cutter shaft, a throwing cutter, a spiral auger, a depth-limiting roller and an air plate; the gearbox, the throwing cutter shaft, the throwing cutter, the spiral auger and the depth limiting roller are sequentially arranged on the rack, the crushing transmission system is connected with the gearbox, and the throwing cutter is arranged on the throwing cutter shaft; a power output shaft is arranged behind the gearbox, and the spiral auger is arranged right behind the blade throwing shaft; the front part of the straw crushing device is provided with a suspension bracket, and the upper end of the suspension bracket and the rear part of the straw crushing machine are provided with fixed pulleys which are connected through a steel wire rope.

Hydraulic oil cylinders A are arranged below the main frame and on the suspension bracket, and the suspension bracket is driven to rotate to realize the up-and-down movement of the straw pulverizer by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic oil cylinders A; the flail knife shaft is provided with an air plate, and each group of flail knives is provided with two L-shaped flail knives.

The upper part of the main frame is of a hollow structure, the space formed by the hollow part is a film collecting box, a residual film inlet of the film collecting box is positioned at the rear part of the main frame, and a film discharging outlet is positioned at the right part of the main frame; an extrusion slideway is arranged at the rear of the main frame, and a pressing slideway is welded at the upper rear part of the main frame.

The residual film pickup device comprises film pickup elastic teeth, an elastic tooth mounting shaft, a fixed pin shaft, a chain harrow chain, a chain harrow frame, a driven shaft, a supporting plate, a slideway, a film stripping plate, a driving shaft and a positioning wheel, wherein the driving shaft is positioned above the inside of the chain harrow frame, and the driven shaft is positioned below the inside of the chain harrow frame; the chain harrow chain is arranged in the chain harrow frame and is connected with the driving shaft and the driven shaft; the film picking spring teeth are arranged in a staggered mode from front to back, fixing pin shafts are arranged at two ends of a spring tooth mounting shaft and fixed on a chain rake chain through bolts, a supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of a chain rake frame, a slide way is arranged on one side of the chain rake frame, and a film stripping plate is arranged at the upper portion of the chain rake frame; the stripping plate is a rectangular rubber plate.

The residual film compacting device arranged at the rear part of the main frame comprises a transverse film pressing plate, pulleys, a connecting rod, a rotating shaft and a lower pressing plate, wherein the pulleys are arranged below the transverse film pressing plate, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the transverse film pressing plate and the rotating shaft, one end of the lower pressing plate is hinged with the rotating shaft, the other end of the lower pressing plate is arranged in a lower pressing slideway, the rotating shaft is hinged at the middle rear part of the main frame, the pulleys are arranged in an extruding slideway, and the transverse film pressing plate can drive the lower pressing plate to move up and down after being driven to move back and forth, so that the cooperative work of downward; the residual film compacting device is driven by a crank and rocker mechanism, and a driving system comprises a chain wheel, a crank rod and a pull rod; the two ends of the pull rod are respectively hinged with the crank rod and the transverse film pressing plate, and the transverse film pressing plate reciprocates back and forth under the driving of the chain wheel to repeatedly extrude residual films falling into the film collecting box.

The film unloading mechanism comprises a film unloading plate, a front inner shearing fork arm, a front outer shearing fork arm, a rear inner shearing fork arm, a rear outer shearing fork arm and a film unloading oil cylinder, wherein the middle part of the front inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the front outer shearing fork arm, and the middle part of the rear inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the rear outer shearing fork arm; one end of each of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, the other ends of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm are hinged together, one end of each of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, and the other ends of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm are hinged together; two ends of the film unloading oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the front and the rear scissor arms.

The straw smashing device and the residual film picking device are connected with the main frame in a hinged mode, rise and fall are controlled by the hydraulic oil cylinder A and the hydraulic oil cylinder B respectively, working depth of a working part is limited by the contact of the depth limiting roller and the depth limiting wheel with the ground during working, and the profiling capability anywhere is strong.

Foretell bullet tooth installation epaxial one end is equipped with the set-square, is equipped with the positioning wheel on the set-square, picks up the membrane and plays the tooth and adopt the bolt to fix again after advancing bullet tooth installation axle from the other end cover, plays the tooth installation axle and can rotate around the fixed pin axle, relies on the positioning wheel change angle of establishing in the slide to do benefit to and pick up the membrane and play the tooth and pick up incomplete membrane and take off the membrane.

The impurity removing device arranged below the residual film picking device consists of an impurity removing shaft, a spiral blade, a shell and an anti-winding plate, wherein the spiral blade comprises a left-handed blade and a right-handed blade; the trash-removing shaft is arranged in the shell, the anti-winding plate is arranged at the trash-removing shaft end, and the helical blades are arranged on the trash-removing shaft.

The side opening door of the film collecting box is arranged on the right side of the film collecting box and comprises a door plate, a rotating shaft, a support arm and an opening and closing oil cylinder; the rotating shaft is arranged on the main frame, the door plate is arranged on the rotating shaft, the supporting arm is arranged on the door plate, and the opening and closing oil cylinder connects the supporting arm with the door plate; the rotating shaft is arranged at the upper right part of the main frame, and two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the main frame and the supporting arm.

The invention reasonably integrates the residual film recovery operation and the straw returning operation together, belongs to a combined operation machine tool, can effectively reduce the ground entering times of a tractor, lightens the harmful compaction to soil and reduces the power consumption, and can automatically compact the recovered residual film in the operation process, thereby having large loading capacity and remarkable continuous operation effect. The volume of the film collecting box of the machine tool exceeds 7 cubic meters, which is 2 to 3 times of that of the common machine tool; more importantly, after the residual film is delivered into the film collecting box, the two crank slider mechanisms drive the residual film compacting device to compact the residual film, so that the residual film which is originally empty and large in volume is extruded into a small piece, the density of the recovered residual film is more than 10 times of that of the original residual film, the loading capacity of the film collecting box is greatly improved, the continuous operation distance can reach more than 2.5km after the film is unloaded once, and the mulching film can be unloaded at the ground head; compared with the traditional machine tool without the residual film compacting function, the machine tool overcomes the defects that the mulching film is easy to fill and needs to be frequently unloaded in the middle of the land, greatly improves the working efficiency and convenience of the machine tool, has the general working efficiency of more than 15 mu/h, occupies small area after being stacked after the residual film is compacted, and is convenient for subsequent transfer treatment.

In the process of recovering the residual film, the invention adopts two impurity removing processes of wind power and gravity, and the impurity content of the recovered residual film is low. When the cutter shaft of the straw returning machine rotates at a high speed, the wind plate on the cutter shaft can generate wind power to blow away light impurities such as cotton leaves falling on the film surface, and a clean working surface is created for collecting the film. After the incomplete membrane pickup attachment picked up the incomplete membrane, the incomplete membrane was detained and upwards is carried on the bottom plate, plays the continuous vibration of tooth at the in-process of carrying, and the big impurity under the membrane can be with incomplete membrane separation, then transfers into the miscellaneous device of row through the row miscellaneous mouth on the bottom plate under the action of gravity. Therefore, the residual film after twice impurity removal has relatively few impurities when being recycled to the film box, and creates convenient conditions for subsequent treatment and utilization.

The film picking component adopts the picking elastic teeth which are arranged in a staggered mode as the film picking component, so that on one hand, the arrangement of the elastic teeth is not limited by the structure, and the arrangement density is high; on the other hand, the rotating speed of the residual film pickup device is easy to adjust, missing pickup can be effectively avoided, the influence of straw stubbles on residual film recovery is overcome to the maximum extent, and therefore the residual film recovery rate is high and can be generally stabilized to be more than 85%.

The invention has simple operation, all the control operations of the whole machine are controlled by hydraulic pressure, and all the operations can be completed by only one tractor driver. When in transportation, the residual film picking device and the straw returning machine are lifted by operating the hydraulic pressure; during operation, the hydraulic pressure is controlled to put down the working parts, so that the ground-following profiling can be realized, the working depth of the working parts is adjusted once, and then the parts can be automatically profiled to ensure the working quality and stability; after the plastic film is filled with the plastic film, the side door is opened by controlling hydraulic pressure, and then the scissor-type film unloading mechanism is opened to push the residual plastic film out of the film collecting box from one side, so that film unloading and pile collecting are completed. The whole operation process is smooth, labor-saving and time-saving.

The invention has high working reliability. Firstly, the ground clearance of the blade of the straw returning machine and the soil penetration depth control of the picking spring teeth of the residual film picking device adopt a field profiling technology, are stable after being adjusted, and can adapt to field operation conditions. Secondly, the residual film picking elastic teeth are elastic and are generally difficult to deform, and interference cannot occur even if deformation occurs to influence the normal operation of the machine tool.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a straw returning apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a straw returning and crushing cutter;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a film pickup mechanism assembly;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the impurity removing device;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the latch lever assembly;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the residual film compacting apparatus; (ii) a

FIG. 10 is a schematic view A of the residual film compacting device in operation;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view B of the residual film compacting device in operation;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a film discharging device;

fig. 13 is a schematic side-opening structure of the film collecting box.

In the drawings: 1 is a traction frame, 2 is a traction adjusting screw rod, 3 is a suspension bracket, 4 is a straw pulverizer, 5 is a hydraulic oil cylinder A, 6 is a main frame, 7 is a transmission shaft, 8 is a side opening door, 9 is a scissor type film unloading mechanism, 10 is a steel wire rope, 11 is a traveling wheel, 12 is a crank slider mechanism, 13 is a reduction box, 14 is a chain transmission system, 15 is a film collecting box, 16 is a residual film compacting device, 17 is a hydraulic oil cylinder B, 18 is a chain rake bracket, 19 is an impurity removing device, 20 is a residual film picking device, 21 is a depth limiting tail wheel, and 22 is a tail wheel adjusting screw rod;

4-1 is a frame, 4-2 is a crushing transmission system, 4-3 is a gearbox, 4-4 is a throwing shaft, 4-5 is a throwing knife, 4-6 is a spiral auger, and 4-7 is a depth-limiting roller; 4-8 are wind plates; 6-1 is an extrusion slide way, and 6-2 is a pressing slide way; 20-1 is a film picking spring tooth, 20-2 is a spring tooth mounting shaft, 20-3 is a fixed pin shaft, 20-4 is a chain rake chain, 20-5 is a chain rake frame, 20-6 is a driven shaft, 20-7 is a supporting plate, 20-8 is a slideway, 20-9 is a film stripping plate, 20-10 is a driving shaft, and 20-11 is a positioning wheel;

16-1 is a transverse film pressing plate, 16-2 is a pulley, 16-3 is a connecting rod, 16-4 is a rotating shaft, 16-5 is a lower pressing plate, 12-1 is a chain wheel, 12-2 is a driving shaft, 12-3 is a crank rod, and 12-4 is a pull rod;

9-1 is a film unloading plate, 9-2 is a front inner shearing fork arm, 9-3 is a front outer shearing fork arm, 9-4 is a rear inner shearing fork arm, 9-5 is a rear outer shearing fork arm, and 9-6 is a film unloading oil cylinder;

19-1 is a trash shaft, 19-2 is a helical blade, 19-3 is a shell, and 19-4 is an anti-winding plate;

8-1 is a door plate, 8-2 is a rotating shaft, 8-3 is a support arm, and an opening and closing oil cylinder (8-4).

Detailed Description

Example (b): referring to attached drawings 1-13, the invention comprises a traction frame 1, a straw smashing device 4, a main frame 6, a scissor-type film unloading mechanism 9, a traveling wheel 11, a chain transmission system 14, a film collecting box 15, a residual film compacting device 16, an impurity discharging device 19, a residual film picking device 20 and a depth limiting tail wheel 21; the traction frame 1 is arranged right in front of the main frame 6, the straw smashing device 4 is arranged below the front of the main frame 6, the film collecting box 15 is arranged right above the main frame 6, the residual film picking-up device 20 is arranged right behind the main frame 6, the travelling wheels 12 are arranged below the main frame 6, and the depth limiting tail wheel 21 is arranged below the residual film picking-up device 20; the scissor-type film unloading mechanism 9 is arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box 15, the residual film compacting device 16 is arranged at the rear part of the main frame 6, and the impurity removing device 19 is arranged below the residual film picking device 20.

The straw crushing device 4 comprises a frame 4-1, a crushing transmission system 4-2, a gearbox 4-3, a flail knife shaft 4-4, a flail knife 4-5, a spiral auger 4-6, a depth limiting roller 4-7 and an air plate 4-8; the machine frame 4-1 is sequentially provided with a gearbox 4-3, a flail knife shaft 4-4, a flail knife 4-5, a spiral auger 4-6 and a depth limiting roller 4-7, the crushing transmission system is connected with the gearbox 4-3, and the flail knife 4-5 is arranged on the flail knife shaft 4-4; a power output shaft is arranged behind the gear box 4-3, and the spiral auger 4-6 is arranged right behind the cutter throwing shaft 4-4; the front part of the straw crushing device 4 is provided with a suspension bracket 3, the upper end of the suspension bracket 3 and the rear part of the straw crushing device 4 are provided with fixed pulleys which are connected through a steel wire rope 7; hydraulic oil cylinders A5 are arranged below the main frame 6 and on the suspension bracket 3, and the suspension bracket 3 is driven to rotate by controlling the extension and contraction of the hydraulic oil cylinders A5 so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the straw pulverizer 4; the air plates 4-8 are arranged on the flail knife shafts 4-4, and each group of flail knives 4-5 is provided with two L-shaped flail knives.

The upper part of the main frame 6 is of a hollow structure, the space formed by the hollow part is a film collecting box 15, the residual film inlet of the film collecting box 15 is positioned at the rear part of the main frame 6, and the film discharging outlet is positioned at the right part of the main frame 6; an extrusion slideway 6-1 is arranged at the rear of the main frame 6, and a lower pressing slideway 6-2 is welded at the rear upper part.

The residual film pickup device 20 comprises film pickup spring teeth 20-1, spring tooth mounting shafts 20-2, fixed pin shafts 20-3, a chain rake chain 20-4, a chain rake frame 20-5, driven shafts 20-6, a supporting plate 20-7, slideways 20-8, a film stripping plate 20-9, a driving shaft 20-10 and a positioning wheel 20-11, wherein the driving shaft 20-10 is positioned above the inside of the chain rake frame 20-5, and the driven shafts 20-6 are positioned below the inside of the chain rake frame 20-5; the chain harrow chain 20-4 is arranged inside the chain harrow frame 20-5 and is connected with a driving shaft 20-10 and a driven shaft 20-6; the film picking spring teeth 20-1 are arranged in a front-back staggered manner, two ends of a spring tooth mounting shaft 20-2 are provided with fixed pin shafts 20-3, the fixed pin shafts 20-3 are fixed on a chain harrow chain 20-4 by bolts, a supporting plate 20-6 is arranged at the bottom of a chain harrow rack 20-5, a slideway 20-8 is arranged at one side of the chain harrow rack 20-5, and a film stripping plate 20-9 is arranged at the upper part of the chain harrow rack 20-5; the stripping plate 20-9 is a rectangular rubber plate.

The residual film compacting device 16 arranged at the rear part of the main frame 6 comprises a transverse film pressing plate 16-1, a pulley 16-2, a connecting rod 16-3, a rotating shaft 16-4 and a lower pressing plate 16-5, wherein the pulley 16-2 is arranged below the transverse film pressing plate 16-1, two ends of the connecting rod 16-3 are respectively hinged with the transverse film pressing plate 16-1 and the rotating shaft 16-4, one end of the lower pressing plate 16-5 is hinged with the rotating shaft 16-4, the other end of the lower pressing plate is arranged in a lower pressing slideway 6-2, the rotating shaft 16-4 is hinged at the middle rear part of the main frame 6, the pulley 16-2 is arranged in the pressing slideway 6-1, and the transverse film pressing plate 16-1 can drive the lower pressing plate 16-5 to move up and down after being driven to move back and forth, so as to realize the cooperative; the residual film compacting device 16 is driven by a crank and rocker mechanism 12, and a driving system comprises a chain wheel 12-1, a crank rod 12-2 and a pull rod 12-3; two ends of the pull rod 12-3 are respectively hinged with the crank rod 12-2 and the transverse film pressing plate 16-1, and the transverse film pressing plate 16-1 reciprocates back and forth under the drive of the chain wheel 12-1 to repeatedly extrude residual films falling into the film collecting box 15.

The scissor type film unloading mechanism 9 arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box 15 comprises a film unloading plate 9-1, a front inner scissor arm 9-2, a front outer scissor arm 9-3, a rear inner scissor arm 9-4, a rear outer scissor arm 9-5 and a film unloading oil cylinder 9-6, wherein the middle part of the front inner scissor arm 9-2 is hinged with the middle part of the front outer scissor arm 9-3, and the middle part of the rear inner scissor arm 9-4 is hinged with the middle part of the rear outer scissor arm 9-5; one end of each of the front inner scissor arm 9-2 and the rear inner scissor arm 9-4 is respectively hinged on the membrane unloading plate 9-1 and the main frame 6, the other end is hinged together, one end of each of the front outer scissor arm 9-3 and the rear outer scissor arm 9-5 is respectively hinged on the membrane unloading plate 9-1 and the main frame 6, and the other end is hinged together; two ends of the film unloading oil cylinder 9-6 are respectively hinged with the front and the rear scissor arms.

The straw smashing device 4 and the residual film picking device 20 are connected with the main frame 6 in a hinged mode, the lifting and falling are controlled through the hydraulic oil cylinder A5 and the hydraulic oil cylinder B17 respectively, the working depth of a working part is limited by the contact of the depth limiting rollers 4-7 and the depth limiting wheel 21 with the ground during working, and the profiling capability is strong anywhere.

A triangle plate is arranged at one end of the elastic tooth mounting shaft 20-2, a positioning wheel 20-11 is arranged on the triangle plate, the film picking elastic teeth 20-1 are sleeved into the elastic tooth mounting shaft 20-2 from the other end and then fixed by bolts, the elastic tooth mounting shaft 20-2 can rotate around a fixed pin shaft 20-3, and the angle is changed by the positioning wheel 20-9 arranged in the slide way 20-7, so that the film picking elastic teeth 20-1 can pick up residual films and remove the films.

The impurity removing device 19 arranged below the residual film picking device 20 consists of an impurity removing shaft 19-1, a spiral blade 19-2, a shell 19-3 and an anti-winding plate 19-4, wherein the spiral blade 19-2 comprises a left-handed blade and a right-handed blade; the trash removal shaft 19-1 is arranged in the shell 19-3, the anti-winding plate 19-4 is arranged at the end of the trash removal shaft 19-1, and the helical blade 19-2 is arranged on the trash removal shaft 19-1.

The side opening door 8 of the film collecting box is arranged on the right side of the film collecting box 15 and comprises a door plate 8-1, a rotating shaft 8-2, a support arm 8-3 and an opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4; the rotating shaft 8-2 is arranged on the main frame 6, the door panel 8-1 is arranged on the rotating shaft 8-2, the supporting arm 8-3 is arranged on the door panel 8-1, and the opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4 connects the supporting arm 8-3 with the door panel 8-1; the rotating shaft 8-2 is arranged at the upper right part of the main frame 6, and two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4 are respectively connected with the main frame 6 and the supporting arm 8-3.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a plastic film residue is retrieved and straw returning combined operation machine which characterized in that: the device consists of a traction frame, a straw crushing device, a main frame, a scissor type film unloading mechanism, a travelling wheel, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, a impurity removing device, a residual film picking device and a depth limiting tail wheel; the traction frame is arranged right in front of the main frame, the straw smashing device is arranged below the front part of the main frame, the film collecting box is arranged right above the main frame, the residual film picking device is arranged right behind the main frame, the travelling wheel is arranged below the main frame, and the depth limiting tail wheel is arranged below the residual film picking device; the film cutting and unloading mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box, the residual film compacting device is arranged at the rear part of the main frame, and the impurity removing device is arranged below the residual film picking device.

2. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw crushing device comprises a frame, a gearbox, a throwing cutter shaft, a throwing cutter, a spiral auger, a depth-limiting roller and an air plate; the gearbox, the throwing cutter shaft, the throwing cutter, the spiral auger and the depth limiting roller are sequentially arranged on the frame, and the throwing cutter is arranged on the throwing cutter shaft; a power output shaft is arranged behind the gearbox, and the spiral auger is arranged right behind the blade throwing shaft; the front part of the straw crushing device is provided with a suspension bracket, the upper end of the suspension bracket and the rear part of the straw crusher are provided with fixed pulleys and connected through a steel wire rope; hydraulic oil cylinders A are arranged below the main frame and on the suspension bracket, and the suspension bracket is driven to rotate to realize the up-and-down movement of the straw pulverizer by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic oil cylinders A; the flail knife shaft is provided with an air plate, and each group of flail knives is provided with two L-shaped flail knives.

3. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the main frame is of a hollow structure, the space formed by the hollow part is a film collecting box, a residual film inlet of the film collecting box is arranged at the rear part of the main frame, and a film discharging outlet is arranged at the right part of the main frame; an extrusion slideway is arranged at the rear of the main frame, and a pressing slideway is arranged at the upper rear part.

4. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the residual film pickup device comprises film pickup elastic teeth, an elastic tooth mounting shaft, a fixed pin shaft, a chain harrow chain, a chain harrow frame, a driven shaft, a supporting plate, a slideway, a film stripping plate, a driving shaft and a positioning wheel, wherein the driving shaft is positioned above the inside of the chain harrow frame, and the driven shaft is positioned below the inside of the chain harrow frame; the chain harrow chain is arranged in the chain harrow frame and is connected with the driving shaft and the driven shaft; the film picking spring teeth are arranged in a staggered mode from front to back, fixing pin shafts are arranged at two ends of a spring tooth mounting shaft and fixed on a chain rake chain through bolts, a supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of a chain rake frame, a slide way is arranged on one side of the chain rake frame, and a film stripping plate is arranged at the upper portion of the chain rake frame; the stripping plate is a rectangular rubber plate.

5. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the residual film compacting device arranged at the rear part of the main frame comprises a transverse film pressing plate, pulleys, a connecting rod, a rotating shaft and a lower pressing plate, wherein the pulleys are arranged below the transverse film pressing plate, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the transverse film pressing plate and the rotating shaft, one end of the lower pressing plate is hinged with the rotating shaft, the other end of the lower pressing plate is arranged in a lower pressing slideway, the rotating shaft is hinged at the middle rear part of the main frame, the pulleys are arranged in an extruding slideway, and the transverse film pressing plate can drive the lower pressing plate to move up and down after being driven to move back and forth, so that the cooperative work of downward film; the residual film compacting device is driven by a crank and rocker mechanism, and a driving system comprises a chain wheel, a crank rod and a pull rod; the two ends of the pull rod are respectively hinged with the crank rod and the transverse film pressing plate, and the transverse film pressing plate reciprocates back and forth under the driving of the chain wheel to repeatedly extrude residual films falling into the film collecting box.

6. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the film unloading mechanism comprises a film unloading plate, a front inner shearing fork arm, a front outer shearing fork arm, a rear inner shearing fork arm, a rear outer shearing fork arm and a film unloading oil cylinder, wherein the middle part of the front inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the front outer shearing fork arm, and the middle part of the rear inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the rear outer shearing fork arm; one end of each of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, the other ends of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm are hinged together, one end of each of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, and the other ends of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm are hinged together; two ends of the film unloading oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the front and the rear scissor arms.

7. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw smashing device and the residual film picking device are connected with the main frame in a hinged mode and are controlled to rise and fall through a hydraulic oil cylinder A and a hydraulic oil cylinder B respectively.

8. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the epaxial one end of bullet tooth installation be equipped with the set-square, be equipped with the positioning wheel on the set-square, pick up the membrane and play the tooth and adopt the bolt to fix after advancing bullet tooth installation axle from the other end cover again, play tooth installation axle and can rotate around the fixed pin axle, rely on the positioning wheel change angle of establishing in the slide to do benefit to and pick up the membrane and play the tooth and pick up the incomplete membrane and take off the membrane.

9. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the trash removal device arranged below the residual film pickup device consists of a trash removal shaft, a spiral blade, a shell and an anti-winding plate, wherein the spiral blade comprises a left-handed blade and a right-handed blade; the trash-removing shaft is arranged in the shell, the anti-winding plate is arranged at the trash-removing shaft end, and the helical blades are arranged on the trash-removing shaft.

10. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side opening door of the film collecting box is arranged on the right side of the film collecting box and comprises a door plate, a rotating shaft, a support arm and an opening and closing oil cylinder; the rotating shaft is arranged on the main frame, the door plate is arranged on the rotating shaft, the supporting arm is arranged on the door plate, and the opening and closing oil cylinder connects the supporting arm with the door plate; the rotating shaft is arranged at the upper right part of the main frame, and two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the main frame and the supporting arm.