CN111819926A - Combined operation machine for residual film recovery and straw returning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a residual film recycling and straw returning combined machine which comprises a traction frame, a straw crushing device, a main frame, a scissor type film unloading mechanism, a travelling wheel, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, an impurity removing device, a residual film picking device and a depth limiting tail wheel, wherein the traction frame is connected with the straw crushing device through the traction frame; the invention reasonably integrates the residual film recovery operation and the straw returning operation together, belongs to a combined operation machine tool, can effectively reduce the ground entering times of a tractor, lightens the harmful compaction on soil, reduces power consumption, has smooth whole operation process, saves labor and time, has high working reliability, occupies small stacking area after the residual film is compacted, is convenient for subsequent transfer treatment, and has higher residual film recovery rate.

Description

Combined operation machine for residual film recovery and straw returning

technical field

The invention relates to a combined working machine for recovering residual plastic film and returning straw to the field, in particular to a combined working machine for recovering residual plastic film and returning straw by crushing and returning to the field suitable for continuous operation.

Background technique

The cultivation technology of farmland plastic film mulching has the functions of increasing ground temperature, preventing freezing damage of seedlings, resisting drought and protecting moisture, inhibiting the growth of weeds and prolonging the growth period of some crops. my country has introduced plastic film mulching cultivation technology since 1978, and now it has developed into the country with the largest plastic film mulching cultivation area in the world, with an area of more than 300 million mu. For a long time, the polyethylene ultra-thin mulch film with a thickness of about 0.01mm has been mainly used in my country, which is not easy to recycle and is extremely difficult to degrade under natural conditions (the degradation cycle is 200 to 400 years). A series of problems such as destruction, decline in the quality of cultivated land, crop yield reduction, obstruction of agricultural operations, and secondary environmental pollution.

Xinjiang is the first area in my country to use plastic film mulching technology in the field. Residual film pollution has become an important factor affecting the ecological environment of Xinjiang's farmland and the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture, and has caused serious harm to the development of Xinjiang's characteristic agriculture and regional economy. The survey results show that the average residual amount of plastic film in the cotton fields of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reaches 17.4kg/mu, resulting in an average reduction of 11.5% in seed cotton production. After the residual film is mixed into cotton, it also affects the quality of cotton and textiles. At present, the area covered by plastic film in Xinjiang is more than 50 million mu, the average consumption per mu is more than 4.0 kg, the recovery rate is less than 40%, and the annual increase of residual film is more than 100,000 tons. Effective treatment technology is urgently needed.

Since 1982, my country's agricultural machinery research workers have carried out research on related technologies. According to incomplete statistics, so far, more than 100 models have been developed. According to the operation period, they can be divided into seedling residual film recovery machines, post-autumn residual film recovery machines and pre-sowing residual film recovery machines. According to the operation depth, they can be divided into It is a surface layer residual film recovery machine, a shallow tillage layer residual film recovery machine and a tillage layer residual film recovery machine. However, due to the complexity of the actual production site, the mixing of straw, soil, stones, residual film, etc., and the characteristics of the film being fragile and easy to entangle, the recycling technology is difficult, and the related mechanization technology still has significant defects, and it is not very good. Meet the requirements of agricultural production. For example, patent CN201620687696.4 has no film collecting box, and needs to walk 30-50 meters to stop and unload the film; such as patent CN201820262175.3, although there is a film collecting box, it cannot effectively handle straw, the residual film is in a fluffy state, and the film box is easy to install Full. Therefore, it is necessary to unload the membrane frequently, and it is difficult to complete the effective and continuous operation, which not only affects the operation efficiency, but also has a large number of membrane stacks stacked in the field after the operation, which will bring a lot of inconvenience to the secondary cleaning work.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

When the residual film recovery operation is carried out in farmland, it is technically necessary to improve the operation efficiency and the residual film recovery rate on the one hand, and to improve the separation effect of the film impurities on the other hand. The processing of the machine creates convenient conditions, greatly improves the advanced nature and practicability of the equipment, and is easy to popularize and use. For this reason, the present invention proposes a combined operation idea and machine for the recovery and packing of residual film and straw crushing and returning to the field according to the needs of reclaiming plastic film after harvesting of autumn crops in Xinjiang; A combination of these methods is used to remove the sundries on the film surface, and the harvested plastic film is relatively clean, which is convenient for secondary use. At the same time, in view of the problem that the traditional volumetric film box cannot effectively load the waste plastic film, during the collection process, a mechanism is used to effectively compact the residual film, thereby increasing the continuous working distance of the machine, greatly reducing the number of film unloading, and ensuring the plastic film. unloaded to the ground; in this way, the work efficiency and work quality of the machine have been significantly improved.

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a combined operation machine of residual film recovery and straw returning for the combined operation of residual film recovery and boxing and straw crushing and returning to the field in response to the need of reclaiming plastic film after harvesting of crops in autumn.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

The characteristics of the present invention are as follows: the present invention includes a traction frame, a straw crushing device, a main frame, a scissor-type film unloading mechanism, a traveling wheel, a chain drive system, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, an impurity removal device, and a residual film pick-up device. device, depth-limiting tail wheel; the traction frame is installed directly in front of the main frame, the straw crushing device is installed at the front and bottom of the main frame, the film collecting box is installed directly above the main frame, the residual film pick-up device is installed directly behind the main frame, and the walking wheel is installed Under the main frame, the depth-limiting tail wheel is installed under the residual film pickup device; the scissor-type film unloading mechanism is installed on the inner side of the film collecting box, and the residual film compaction device is installed at the rear of the main frame. Below the residual film pickup device.

The above straw pulverizing device includes a frame, a pulverizing transmission system, a gearbox, a knife throwing shaft, a throwing knife, a spiral auger, a depth-limiting roller, and an air plate; The depth-limiting rollers are arranged on the frame in turn, the crushing transmission system is connected with the gearbox, the throwing knife is set on the throwing knife shaft; the rear of the gearbox is provided with a power output shaft, and the spiral auger The front part of the straw crushing device is provided with a suspension frame, and the upper end of the suspension frame and the rear part of the straw crusher are provided with fixed pulleys, which are connected by wire ropes.

A hydraulic cylinder A is arranged below the above-mentioned main frame and on the suspension frame. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder A and driving the suspension frame to rotate, the straw pulverizer can move up and down; There are two L-shaped throwing knives.

The upper part of the above-mentioned main frame is a hollow structure, and the space formed by the hollow part is a film collecting box. The residual film inlet of the film collecting box is located behind the main frame, and the unloading film outlet is located on the right side of the main frame; the rear of the main frame is provided with a squeeze slide. There is a downward pressure slide welded on the upper back.

The above-mentioned residual film pick-up device includes film spring teeth, spring tooth installation shaft, fixed pin shaft, chain rake chain, chain rake frame, driven shaft, support plate, slideway, film stripping plate, driving shaft and positioning wheel. The shaft is located above the inside of the chain rake frame, and the driven shaft is located below the inside of the chain rake frame; the chain rake chain is set inside the chain rake frame, connecting the driving shaft and the driven shaft; There is a fixed pin shaft at the end, the fixed pin shaft is fixed on the chain rake chain by bolts, the support plate is arranged at the bottom of the chain rake frame, the slideway is arranged on one side of the chain rake frame, and the release plate is arranged on the upper part of the chain rake frame ; The release plate is a rectangular plastic plate.

The above-mentioned residual film compacting device located at the rear of the main frame includes a transverse film pressing plate, a pulley, a connecting rod, a rotating shaft and a lower pressing plate. The diaphragm is hinged with the rotating shaft, one end of the lower pressing plate is hinged with the rotating shaft, and the other end is set in the pressing slideway. The pressing plate moves up and down to realize the coordinated work of downward film pressing and lateral pressing; the residual film compacting device is driven by a crank rocker mechanism, and the driving system includes a chain wheel, a crank rod, and a pull rod; the two ends of the pull rod are respectively connected with the crank The rod and the transverse lamination plate are hinged, and driven by the sprocket, the transverse lamination plate reciprocates back and forth, repeatedly squeezing the residual film falling into the film collecting box.

The above-mentioned scissor-type film unloading mechanism located inside the film collecting box includes a film unloading plate, a front inner scissor arm, a front outer scissor arm, a rear inner scissor arm, a rear outer scissor arm and a film unloading cylinder. The middle part of the inner scissor arm is hinged with the middle part of the front outer scissor arm, and the middle part of the rear inner scissor arm is hinged with the middle part of the rear outer scissor arm; each of the front inner scissor arm and the rear inner scissor arm is hinged at one end. On the film unloading plate and the main frame, the remaining end is hinged together, the front outer scissor arm and the rear outer scissor arm have one end respectively hinged on the film unloading plate and the main frame, and the remaining end is hinged together; The ends are respectively hinged with the front and rear scissor arms.

The above straw crushing device and residual film pick-up device are connected to the main frame in a hinged way, and the up and down are controlled by hydraulic cylinder A and hydraulic cylinder B respectively. When working, the depth-limiting roller and the depth-limiting wheel are in contact with the ground to limit the working depth of the working parts. , strong profiling ability anywhere.

One end of the above-mentioned spring tooth installation shaft is provided with a triangular plate, and the triangular plate is provided with a positioning wheel. The film-picking spring tooth is inserted into the spring tooth installation shaft from the other end and then fixed with bolts. The spring tooth installation shaft can rotate around the fixed pin shaft. Relying on the positioning wheel set in the slideway to change the angle, it is convenient for the film pick-up elastic teeth to pick up the residual film and release the film.

The above-mentioned impurity removal device located below the residual film pickup device is composed of an impurity removal shaft, a spiral blade, a casing and an anti-winding plate, and the spiral blade includes two parts: a left-handed blade and a right-handed blade; In the casing, the anti-winding plate is arranged on the end of the impurity discharge shaft, and the helical blade is arranged on the impurity discharge shaft.

The side door of the above-mentioned film collecting box is set on the right side of the film collecting box, and includes a door panel, a rotating shaft, a support arm and an opening and closing oil cylinder; the rotating shaft is set on the main frame, the door panel is set on the rotating shaft, and the The supporting arm is arranged on the door panel, and the opening and closing oil cylinder connects the supporting arm with the door panel; the rotating shaft is arranged on the upper right of the main frame, and the two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the main frame and the supporting arm.

The present invention reasonably integrates the residual film recovery operation and the straw returning operation, and belongs to a combined operation tool, which can effectively reduce the number of times the tractor enters the ground, reduce the harmful compaction to the soil, and reduce the power consumption. During the operation, the recovered residual film can be compacted automatically, the loading capacity is large, and the continuous operation effect is remarkable. The volume of the film collecting box of the machine is more than 7 cubic meters, which is 2-3 times that of the general machine; more importantly, after the residual film is released into the film collecting box, the residual film compacting device is driven by two crank-slider mechanisms. The residual film is compacted, so that the originally empty and bulky residual film is squeezed into a small piece, and the density of the recovered residual film is more than 10 times that of the original, which greatly improves the loading capacity of the film collection box, and the film is unloaded at one time. In the future, the continuous operation distance can reach more than 2.5km, and the mulch film can be unloaded on the ground; compared with the traditional machine without residual film compaction function, it overcomes the defects that the mulch film is easy to fill and needs to be frequently unloaded in the middle of the plot. It greatly improves the work efficiency and convenience of the machine. The general work efficiency is above 15 mu/h, and the area occupied by the residual film after compaction is small, which is also convenient for subsequent transfer processing.

In the process of reclaiming the residual film, the present invention adopts two impurity removal processes of wind force and gravity, and the impurity content of the reclaimed residual film is low. When the cutter shaft of the straw returning machine rotates at a high speed, the wind panel on the cutter shaft will generate wind to blow away the light-weight sundries such as cotton leaves that fall on the film surface, creating a clean working surface for film collection. After the residual film pick-up device picks up the residual film, the residual film is buckled on the bottom plate and conveyed upward. During the conveying process, the spring teeth continuously vibrate, and the large impurities under the film will be separated from the residual film, and then pass through the bottom plate under the action of gravity. The waste discharge port is transferred to the waste discharge device. In this way, the residual membrane after being cleaned twice has relatively few impurities when recovered to the membrane box, which creates convenient conditions for subsequent treatment and utilization.

The invention adopts the staggered pick-up spring teeth as the film-picking component. On the one hand, the arrangement of the spring-teeth is not limited by the structure, and the arrangement density is high; The impact of root stubble on the recovery of residual film, so the recovery rate of residual film is relatively high, generally stable at more than 85%.

The invention is easy to operate, and all the control operations of the whole machine are hydraulically controlled, and only one tractor hand can complete all the operations. During transportation, control the hydraulic lifting residual film pick-up device and straw returning machine; during operation, control the hydraulic pressure to lower the working parts to realize the profiling anywhere, and only need to adjust the working depth of the working parts once, and then the parts can be copied anywhere by themselves to ensure the work. Quality and stability; after the film is full, control the hydraulic pressure to open the side door first, and then open the scissor-type film unloading mechanism to push the residual film out of the film collecting box from one side to complete the unloading and stacking. The whole operation process is smooth, labor-saving and time-saving.

The present invention has high working reliability. First of all, the height of the blade of the straw returning machine from the ground and the depth control of the pick-up spring teeth of the residual film pick-up device have adopted the profiling technology on the ground. After adjustment, it is relatively stable and can adapt to the field operation conditions. Secondly, the elastic teeth used to pick up the residual film are elastic and generally difficult to deform. Even if there is deformation, there will be no interference to affect the normal operation of the machine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional top view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a straw returning device;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a straw returning pulverizing tool;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the film pick-up mechanism;

Fig. 7 is the structure schematic diagram of impurity removal device;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the spring tooth rod assembly;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a residual film compaction device;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram A of the working state of the residual film compaction device;

11 is a schematic diagram B of the working state of the residual film compaction device;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a film unloading device;

Figure 13 is a schematic view of the side door structure of the film collecting box.

In the picture: 1 is the traction frame, 2 is the traction adjusting screw, 3 is the suspension frame, 4 is the straw pulverizer, 5 is the hydraulic cylinder A, 6 is the main frame, 7 is the transmission shaft, 8 is the side door, and 9 is the Scissor type film unloading mechanism, 10 is steel wire rope, 11 is walking wheel, 12 is crank slider mechanism, 13 is reduction box, 14 is chain drive system, 15 is film collecting box, 16 is residual film compacting device, 17 is Hydraulic cylinder B, 18 is the chain rake bracket, 19 is the debris removal device, 20 is the residual film pickup device, 21 is the depth-limiting tail wheel, and 22 is the tail wheel adjusting screw;

4-1 is the frame, 4-2 is the crushing transmission system, 4-3 is the gearbox, 4-4 is the blade shaft, 4-5 is the blade, 4-6 is the screw auger, 4-7 is the limit Deep roller; 4-8 is the wind plate; 6-1 is the extrusion slideway, 6-2 is the pressing slideway; 20-1 is the film pick-up spring tooth, 20-2 is the spring tooth installation shaft, and 20-3 is the spring tooth installation shaft. Fixed pin shaft, 20-4 is the chain rake chain, 20-5 is the chain rake frame, 20-6 is the driven shaft, 20-7 is the pallet, 20-8 is the slide, 20-9 is the release plate, 20-10 is the driving shaft, 20-11 is the positioning wheel;

16-1 is the transverse lamination plate, 16-2 is the pulley, 16-3 is the connecting rod, 16-4 is the rotating shaft, 16-5 is the lower pressing plate, 12-1 is the sprocket, 12-2 is the drive shaft, 12 -3 is crank rod, 12-4 is tie rod;

9-1 is the unloading plate, 9-2 is the front inner scissor arm, 9-3 is the front outer scissor arm, 9-4 is the rear inner scissor arm, 9-5 is the rear outer scissor arm, 9-6 For the unloading cylinder;

19-1 is the impurity discharge shaft, 19-2 is the spiral blade, 19-3 is the shell, and 19-4 is the anti-winding plate;

8-1 is the door panel, 8-2 is the rotating shaft, 8-3 is the arm, the opening and closing oil cylinder (8-4).

Detailed ways

Example: Referring to Figures 1 to 13, the present invention includes a traction frame 1, a straw crushing device 4, a main frame 6, a scissor-type film unloading mechanism 9, a traveling wheel 11, a chain drive system 14, a film collecting box 15, and residual film. The compaction device 16, the impurity removal device 19, the residual film pick-up device 20, and the depth-limiting tail wheel 21; Right above the main frame 6, the residual film pick-up device 20 is arranged directly behind the main frame 6, the traveling wheel 12 is arranged under the main frame 6, and the depth-limiting tail wheel 21 is arranged under the residual film pickup device 20; scissor-type film unloading mechanism 9 is arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box 15 , the residual film compacting device 16 is arranged at the rear of the main frame 6 , and the impurity removing device 19 is arranged below the residual film pickup device 20 .

The above straw crushing device 4 includes a frame 4-1, a crushing transmission system 4-2, a gearbox 4-3, a knife throwing shaft 4-4, a throwing knife 4-5, a spiral auger 4-6, and a depth-limiting roller 4- 7. The air plate 4-8; the frame 4-1 is provided with a gearbox 4-3, a knife throwing shaft 4-4, a throwing knife 4-5, a spiral auger 4-6, and a depth-limiting roller 4 in sequence. -7, the pulverizing transmission system is connected with the gearbox 4-3, the knife throwing 4-5 is arranged on the knife throwing shaft 4-4; the rear of the gearbox 4-3 is provided with a power output shaft , the spiral auger 4-6 is arranged directly behind the knife throwing shaft 4-4; the front part of the straw crushing device 4 is provided with a suspension frame 3, and the upper end of the suspension frame 3 and the rear part of the straw crusher 4 are provided with The fixed pulley is connected by the wire rope 7; the bottom of the main frame 6 and the suspension frame 3 are provided with a hydraulic cylinder A 5, by controlling the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder A 5, the suspension frame 3 is driven to rotate to realize the up and down of the straw pulverizer 4 Move; the knife throwing shaft 4-4 is provided with an air plate 4-8, and each group of throwing knives 4-5 has two L-shaped throwing knives.

The upper part of the above-mentioned main frame 6 is a hollow structure, the space formed by the hollow part is the film collecting box 15, the residual film inlet of the film collecting box 15 is located behind the main frame 6, and the film unloading outlet is located on the right side of the main frame 6; There is a pressing slideway 6-1 at the rear, and a pressing slideway 6-2 is welded above the back.

The above-mentioned residual film pick-up device 20 includes a film pick-up spring tooth 20-1, a spring tooth installation shaft 20-2, a fixed pin shaft 20-3, a chain rake chain 20-4, a chain rake frame 20-5, and a driven shaft 20- 6. The supporting plate 20-7, the slideway 20-8, the stripping plate 20-9, the driving shaft 20-10 and the positioning wheel 20-11, the driving shaft 20-10 is located above the inside of the chain rake 20-5, driven The shaft 20-6 is located under the inside of the chain rake frame 20-5; the chain rake chain 20-4 is installed inside the chain rake frame 20-5, connecting the driving shaft 20-10 and the driven shaft 20-6; -1 The front and rear are staggered, the two ends of the spring tooth installation shaft 20-2 are provided with fixed pins 20-3, the fixed pins 20-3 are fixed on the chain rake chain 20-4 by bolts, and the support plate 20-6 is set on the chain At the bottom of the rake frame 20-5, the slideway 20-8 is arranged on one side of the chain rake frame 20-5, and the release plate 20-9 is arranged on the upper part of the chain rake frame 20-5; the release plate 20-9 is a Rectangular plywood.

The above-mentioned residual film compacting device 16 located at the rear of the main frame 6 includes a lateral film pressing plate 16-1, a pulley 16-2, a connecting rod 16-3, a rotating shaft 16-4 and a lower pressing plate 16-5. A pulley 16-2 is installed below the film pushing plate 16-1, both ends of the connecting rod 16-3 are hinged with the transverse film pressing plate 16-1 and the rotating shaft 16-4, and one end of the lower pressing plate 16-5 is hinged with the rotating shaft 16-4 , one end is set in the pressing slideway 6-2, the rotating shaft 16-4 is hinged on the middle and rear part of the main frame 6, the pulley 16-2 is set in the pressing slideway 6-1, and the transverse film pressing plate 16-1 is driven After moving back and forth, the lower pressing plate 16-5 can be driven to move up and down to realize the coordinated work of downward film pressing and lateral pressing; the residual film compacting device 16 is driven by a crank-rocker mechanism 12, and the driving system includes a sprocket 12 -1. Crank rod 12-2 and tie rod 12-3; both ends of tie rod 12-3 are hinged with crank rod 12-2 and transverse lamination plate 16-1 respectively. Driven by chain wheel 12-1, transverse lamination The plate 16 - 1 reciprocates back and forth, and repeatedly squeezes the residual film falling into the film collecting box 15 .

The above-mentioned scissor-type film unloading mechanism 9 located inside the film collecting box 15 includes a film unloading plate 9-1, a front inner scissor arm 9-2, a front outer scissor arm 9-3, and a rear inner scissor arm 9 -4. Rear outer scissor arm 9-5 and film unloading cylinder 9-6, the middle of front inner scissor arm 9-2 is hinged with the middle of front outer scissor arm 9-3, rear inner scissor arm 9-4 The middle part of the front inner scissor arm 9-5 and the middle part of the rear outer scissor arm 9-5 are hinged; each of the front inner scissor arm 9-2 and the rear inner scissor arm 9-4 has one end hinged on the unloading plate 9-1 and the main frame 6, respectively. The remaining ends are hinged together, the front outer scissor arm 9-3 and the rear outer scissor arm 9-5 have one end respectively hinged on the film unloading plate 9-1 and the main frame 6, and the remaining ends are hinged together; the film unloading cylinder Both ends of 9-6 are hinged with the front and rear scissor arms respectively.

The above-mentioned straw crushing device 4 and residual film pickup device 20 are connected with the main frame 6 in a hinged manner, and are controlled by hydraulic cylinder A 5 and hydraulic cylinder B 17 respectively. 21 The contact with the ground limits the working depth of the working parts, and the profiling ability is strong.

The above-mentioned spring tooth installation shaft 20-2 is provided with a triangular plate at one end, and a positioning wheel 20-11 is arranged on the triangular plate. , the spring tooth installation shaft 20-2 can rotate around the fixed pin shaft 20-3, and the angle is changed by the positioning wheel 20-9 arranged in the slideway 20-7, so as to facilitate the film-picking spring tooth 20-1 to pick up the residual film and remove the film. membrane.

The above-mentioned impurity removal device 19 located below the residual film pickup device 20 is composed of a impurities removal shaft 19-1, a spiral blade 19-2, a casing 19-3 and an anti-winding plate 19-4, and the spiral blade 19-2 includes The left-handed blade and the right-handed blade are two parts; the said impurity discharge shaft 19-1 is set in the casing 19-3, the said anti-winding plate 19-4 is set at the end of the impurity discharge shaft 19-1, the said The helical blade 19-2 is provided on the impurity removal shaft 19-1.

The side door 8 of the above-mentioned film collecting box is arranged on the right side of the film collecting box 15, and includes a door panel 8-1, a rotating shaft 8-2, a support arm 8-3 and an opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4; the rotating shaft 8-2 is provided with On the main frame 6, the door panel 8-1 is provided on the rotating shaft 8-2, the support arm 8-3 is provided on the door panel 8-1, and the opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4 -3 is connected with the door panel 8-1; the rotating shaft 8-2 is arranged at the upper right of the main frame 6, and the two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder 8-4 are respectively connected with the main frame 6 and the support arm 8-3.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a plastic film residue is retrieved and straw returning combined operation machine which characterized in that: the device consists of a traction frame, a straw crushing device, a main frame, a scissor type film unloading mechanism, a travelling wheel, a film collecting box, a residual film compacting device, a impurity removing device, a residual film picking device and a depth limiting tail wheel; the traction frame is arranged right in front of the main frame, the straw smashing device is arranged below the front part of the main frame, the film collecting box is arranged right above the main frame, the residual film picking device is arranged right behind the main frame, the travelling wheel is arranged below the main frame, and the depth limiting tail wheel is arranged below the residual film picking device; the film cutting and unloading mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the film collecting box, the residual film compacting device is arranged at the rear part of the main frame, and the impurity removing device is arranged below the residual film picking device.

2. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw crushing device comprises a frame, a gearbox, a throwing cutter shaft, a throwing cutter, a spiral auger, a depth-limiting roller and an air plate; the gearbox, the throwing cutter shaft, the throwing cutter, the spiral auger and the depth limiting roller are sequentially arranged on the frame, and the throwing cutter is arranged on the throwing cutter shaft; a power output shaft is arranged behind the gearbox, and the spiral auger is arranged right behind the blade throwing shaft; the front part of the straw crushing device is provided with a suspension bracket, the upper end of the suspension bracket and the rear part of the straw crusher are provided with fixed pulleys and connected through a steel wire rope; hydraulic oil cylinders A are arranged below the main frame and on the suspension bracket, and the suspension bracket is driven to rotate to realize the up-and-down movement of the straw pulverizer by controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic oil cylinders A; the flail knife shaft is provided with an air plate, and each group of flail knives is provided with two L-shaped flail knives.

3. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the main frame is of a hollow structure, the space formed by the hollow part is a film collecting box, a residual film inlet of the film collecting box is arranged at the rear part of the main frame, and a film discharging outlet is arranged at the right part of the main frame; an extrusion slideway is arranged at the rear of the main frame, and a pressing slideway is arranged at the upper rear part.

4. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the residual film pickup device comprises film pickup elastic teeth, an elastic tooth mounting shaft, a fixed pin shaft, a chain harrow chain, a chain harrow frame, a driven shaft, a supporting plate, a slideway, a film stripping plate, a driving shaft and a positioning wheel, wherein the driving shaft is positioned above the inside of the chain harrow frame, and the driven shaft is positioned below the inside of the chain harrow frame; the chain harrow chain is arranged in the chain harrow frame and is connected with the driving shaft and the driven shaft; the film picking spring teeth are arranged in a staggered mode from front to back, fixing pin shafts are arranged at two ends of a spring tooth mounting shaft and fixed on a chain rake chain through bolts, a supporting plate is arranged at the bottom of a chain rake frame, a slide way is arranged on one side of the chain rake frame, and a film stripping plate is arranged at the upper portion of the chain rake frame; the stripping plate is a rectangular rubber plate.

5. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the residual film compacting device arranged at the rear part of the main frame comprises a transverse film pressing plate, pulleys, a connecting rod, a rotating shaft and a lower pressing plate, wherein the pulleys are arranged below the transverse film pressing plate, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the transverse film pressing plate and the rotating shaft, one end of the lower pressing plate is hinged with the rotating shaft, the other end of the lower pressing plate is arranged in a lower pressing slideway, the rotating shaft is hinged at the middle rear part of the main frame, the pulleys are arranged in an extruding slideway, and the transverse film pressing plate can drive the lower pressing plate to move up and down after being driven to move back and forth, so that the cooperative work of downward film; the residual film compacting device is driven by a crank and rocker mechanism, and a driving system comprises a chain wheel, a crank rod and a pull rod; the two ends of the pull rod are respectively hinged with the crank rod and the transverse film pressing plate, and the transverse film pressing plate reciprocates back and forth under the driving of the chain wheel to repeatedly extrude residual films falling into the film collecting box.

6. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the film unloading mechanism comprises a film unloading plate, a front inner shearing fork arm, a front outer shearing fork arm, a rear inner shearing fork arm, a rear outer shearing fork arm and a film unloading oil cylinder, wherein the middle part of the front inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the front outer shearing fork arm, and the middle part of the rear inner shearing fork arm is hinged with the middle part of the rear outer shearing fork arm; one end of each of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, the other ends of the front inner scissor fork arm and the rear inner scissor fork arm are hinged together, one end of each of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm is hinged to the film unloading plate and the main frame, and the other ends of the front outer scissor fork arm and the rear outer scissor fork arm are hinged together; two ends of the film unloading oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the front and the rear scissor arms.

7. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw smashing device and the residual film picking device are connected with the main frame in a hinged mode and are controlled to rise and fall through a hydraulic oil cylinder A and a hydraulic oil cylinder B respectively.

8. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the epaxial one end of bullet tooth installation be equipped with the set-square, be equipped with the positioning wheel on the set-square, pick up the membrane and play the tooth and adopt the bolt to fix after advancing bullet tooth installation axle from the other end cover again, play tooth installation axle and can rotate around the fixed pin axle, rely on the positioning wheel change angle of establishing in the slide to do benefit to and pick up the membrane and play the tooth and pick up the incomplete membrane and take off the membrane.

9. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the trash removal device arranged below the residual film pickup device consists of a trash removal shaft, a spiral blade, a shell and an anti-winding plate, wherein the spiral blade comprises a left-handed blade and a right-handed blade; the trash-removing shaft is arranged in the shell, the anti-winding plate is arranged at the trash-removing shaft end, and the helical blades are arranged on the trash-removing shaft.

10. The combined machine for residual film recycling and straw returning as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side opening door of the film collecting box is arranged on the right side of the film collecting box and comprises a door plate, a rotating shaft, a support arm and an opening and closing oil cylinder; the rotating shaft is arranged on the main frame, the door plate is arranged on the rotating shaft, the supporting arm is arranged on the door plate, and the opening and closing oil cylinder connects the supporting arm with the door plate; the rotating shaft is arranged at the upper right part of the main frame, and two ends of the opening and closing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the main frame and the supporting arm.

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