CN1118068C - 寄存器文件读/写单元 - Google Patents

寄存器文件读/写单元 Download PDF

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CN1118068C
CN1118068C CN96191486A CN96191486A CN1118068C CN 1118068 C CN1118068 C CN 1118068C CN 96191486 A CN96191486 A CN 96191486A CN 96191486 A CN96191486 A CN 96191486A CN 1118068 C CN1118068 C CN 1118068C
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read
write
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CN1168191A (zh
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M·A·安
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NXP BV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11CSTATIC STORES
    • G11C8/00Arrangements for selecting an address in a digital store
    • G11C8/16Multiple access memory array, e.g. addressing one storage element via at least two independent addressing line groups
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11CSTATIC STORES
    • G11C11/00Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
    • G11C11/21Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
    • G11C11/34Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices
    • G11C11/40Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors
    • G11C11/401Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors forming cells needing refreshing or charge regeneration, i.e. dynamic cells
    • G11C11/4063Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing or timing
    • G11C11/407Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing or timing for memory cells of the field-effect type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Static Random-Access Memory (AREA)
  • Advance Control (AREA)
  • Shift Register Type Memory (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
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Abstract

在多端口存储器的一个单元通过各自的开关连接到各自的位线。一个写允许元件放置在该开关和该单元的储存器件的输入端之间。一个读允许元件放置在该储存器件的输出端和该同一个开关之间。这样,读位线和写位线被合并,每单元的开关数量相对现有技术多端口存储器将急剧下降。

Description

寄存器文件读/写单元
发明领域
本发明涉及包括一个多端口存储器的一种电子电路。
背景技术
多端口存储器是熟悉的器件,具有多个端口,以便对该存储器能进行并行存取,例如,用于同时通过第一端口读出第一存储器位置和通过第二端口写入第二存储器位置。典型地,多端存储器特别应用在数据处理器件中用作寄存器文件或高速缓冲存储器。寄存器文件是用于由该数据处理器件的功能部分产生和使用的中间结果及变元的暂存缓冲器。高速缓冲存储器是高速存储器,连接到非常慢的但却是大的主储存器,以允许快速对该主储存器提前装入该高速缓冲存储器的部分内容进行存取。该高速缓冲存储器是一个高速存储器,利用计算机程序中的参考位置储存在该高速存储器中可能再使用的数据。
授予Huard的美国专利US5,189,640公开了一种多端口存储器单元。这个已知的单元包括由交叉连接的反相器组成的一个双稳元件。该双稳元件通过许多对读出开关连接到许多对读出位线,以及通过多对写入开关连接到多对写入位线。该读出和写入开关通过许多读允许线和许多写允许线进行控制。
发明目的
许多的读开关、写开关,读出位线,写入位线,以及许多的允许线对半导体衬底面积提出高要求的分辨结构。
特别地,本发明的目的在于提供一种电子电路,它具有一定储存容量的多端口存储器,要求的衬底面积显著小于储存容量相同的现有器件。
发明概要
为此目的,本发明提供了一种电子电路,具有包括许多存储器单元的多端口存储器。每个单元连接到多个独立可控的位线。每个单元包括一个用于储存单独位的储存器件和多个开关。操作每个开关,以便有选择性地将该储存器件连接到各自的一条位线。每个储存器件包括连接在许多开关和该储存器件输入端之间的一个写允许元件,以便允许写入该单元,以及连接在该储存器件输出端和该多个开关之间的一个读允许元件,以便允许读出该单元。
相对于现有技术,多个读开关和多个写开关均由多个开关同读允许元件和写允许元件结合所取代,此外,合并读出位线和写入位线。换言之按本发明的开关是用于将选择的一根或多根位线连接到该储存器件,而读允许元件能将该储存位转移到一根或多根选择的位线,或该写允许元件能将在所选位线上的一位转移到该储存器件。按本发明的存储器结构要求的衬底面积和元件比已有存储器明显的小和少,而这点是明显的。
附图的简要说明
以下借助于参照附图的例子更详细地说明本发明。其中:
图1为按本发明的存储器单元的方块图;
图2为该单元的优选实施例的晶体管接线图;以及
图3为按本发明的具有多端口存储器的电路的方块图。
图中相同的参考标记表示相应的或类似的部件。
详细的实施例
图1为本发明的存储器单元100的方块图。单元100包括一个用于储存一个信息位的储存元件102,以及用于将元件102选择连接到位线114,116,118,120和122的一个或多个上的开关104,106,108,110和112。开关104-112由各自的一个选择信号WL0,WL1,WL2,WL3和WL4控制。元件102具有一个输入端124用于写数据到元件102,以及一个输出端126,用于读出储存在元件102中的数据。单元100还包括一个写允许元件128,将所有开关104-112连接到输入端124,以及一个读允许元件130,将输出端126连接到所有开关104-112。在该例中,写允许元件128是通过一个写允许信号WREN控制,而读允许元件是自动接入的。可以想象其他的实施例(未示出),其中读允许元件130接收一个读允许信号,而写允许元件128根据由位线114-122的合适的一根或多根被驱动而自动接入,或者其中两个功能无需允许信号。由于写允许元件128和读允许元件130彼此连接,因此必须注意避免逻辑冲突。
图2为在一个静态随机存取存储器实施例中存储器单元100的晶体管接线图。即,存储元件102包括两个交叉耦合的反相器,每个具有p型场效应晶体管240,242和n型场效应晶体管244,246,串联在VDD和GND之间。由于静态随机存取存储器储存元件102的对称特性,除开关104-112和位线114-122之外,现在提供开关204,206,208,210和212,以及辅助位线214,216,218,200和222。开关104-112以及204-212每个包括各自的一个n型场效应晶体管并通过选择信号WL0-WL4成对地加以控制。同样,除写允许元件128和读允许元件130之外,还对称配置写允许元件228和读允许元件230。写允许元件128包括一个n型场效应晶体管,在其一方有一导电通道连接在开关104-112之间,而在其另一方连接反相器240/244的输入端。并接收写允许信号WREN。写允许元件228包括一个n型场效应晶体管,在其一方有一导电通道连接在开关204-212之间,而在其另一方连接反相器242/246,并也接收写允许信号WREN。读允许元件130包括一个n型场效应晶体管,其导电通道安置在开关104-112和GND之内,其控制电极连接到反相器240/244的输出端。读允许元件230包括一个n型场效应晶体管,其输入通道安置在开关204-212和GND之间,其控制电极连接到反相器242/246的输出端。要指出当反相器240/244(242/246)是逻辑低电平时,在选择的多根位线114-122(214-222)上,对于预先充电位线114-122(214-222)而言预先充电特性(未示)将适用于产生一个逻辑高电平。
图3为具有多端口存储器302的电子电路300的部分的方块图。存储器302包括多个图1或图2中所示类型的存储器单元304,306,308和310。例如使用的存储器302就像在数据处理器中的一个寄存器文件那样。为容易理解附图,在每个单元304-310中,图1和图2中的开关104-112集中地由参考编号312表示。单元304和308连接到一组位线314。单元306和310连接到一组位线316。位线314和316存储器I/O电路318,该电路318通过端口320,322,324,326和328能向或从选择的多个单元304-310提供数据。I/O电路318允许由例如304-310的单独一个单元向端口320-328的多个端口提供数据。在单元304和306中的开关312,以及在单元308和310中的开关312通过字线332和334从字线选择电路330接收控制信号WL0-WL4。写允许电路386工作时将写允许信号WREN提供到每个单元304-310中的写允许元件128。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有多端口存储器的电子电路,包括多个存储器单元,其中:
每个单元连接到多个独立可控的位线;
每个单元包括:
一存储器件,用于存储一个位;
多个开关,其每一个开关工作时将该存储器件有选择地连接到相应的一根位线;
每个存储器件包括;
一写允许元件,连接在多个开关和该存储器件输入端之间,用于允许写入该单元;
一读允许元件,连接在该存储器件输出端和多个开关之间,用于允许读出该单元。
2.根据权利要求1的电路,其中至少读允许元件或写允许元件通过一控制信号执行操作。
3.权利要求2的电路,其中
存储器件包括一对交叉耦合的反相器;
写允许元件包括一个写允许晶体管,它具有连接在多个开关和输入端之间的导电通道,还具有用于接收控制信号的控制电极。
4.权利要求3的电路,其中
读允许元件包括一个读允许晶体管,它具有连接在多个开关和一参考电压之间的导电通道,还具有连接到输出的一控制电极。
5.根据权利要求1的电路,其中开关工作时通过至少两个端口能同时读出指定的一个单元。
CN96191486A 1995-09-27 1996-09-13 寄存器文件读/写单元 Expired - Lifetime CN1118068C (zh)

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US08/534,682 1995-09-27
US08/534,682 US5642325A (en) 1995-09-27 1995-09-27 Register file read/write cell

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CN1118068C true CN1118068C (zh) 2003-08-13

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EP (1) EP0793847B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH10510087A (zh)
KR (1) KR100429323B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1118068C (zh)
DE (1) DE69619794T2 (zh)
TW (1) TW332878B (zh)
WO (1) WO1997012370A1 (zh)

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WO1997012370A1 (en) 1997-04-03
EP0793847A1 (en) 1997-09-10
EP0793847B1 (en) 2002-03-13
JPH10510087A (ja) 1998-09-29
US5642325A (en) 1997-06-24
DE69619794D1 (de) 2002-04-18
DE69619794T2 (de) 2002-11-07
KR980700664A (ko) 1998-03-30
CN1168191A (zh) 1997-12-17
TW332878B (en) 1998-06-01
KR100429323B1 (ko) 2004-07-30

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