CN111793501A - Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111793501A CN111793501A CN202010784961.1A CN202010784961A CN111793501A CN 111793501 A CN111793501 A CN 111793501A CN 202010784961 A CN202010784961 A CN 202010784961A CN 111793501 A CN111793501 A CN 111793501A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil conditioning, and discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soil conditioner comprises 450-800 parts of potassium humate, 6-25 parts of potassium oxide, 3-6 parts of microorganism bacteria and 50-180 parts of active humic acid. The soil conditioner provided by the invention is added with microbial strains and active humic acid, so that the soil, water, fertilizer and gas heat conditions can be adjusted, the soil exchange capacity is improved, acid-base balance is achieved, decomposition and conversion of organic matters are accelerated, release of nutrient elements is promoted, crops can absorb nutrition conveniently, stress resistance of soil is enhanced, microbial activity of soil is promoted, and water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil is improved; the fertilizer is rich in high-molecular organic acid, can activate, complex and chelate nutrients in soil, can dissolve phosphorus and protect nitrogen, degrades pesticide residues and heavy metals, reduces the using amount of the fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, can promote the rapid development of root systems, and enhances the capacity of absorbing water and nutrients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil conditioning, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the soil in China has the problems of hardening, acidification, organic matter shortage, serious salinization, heavy metal pollution and the like, and the national aspect of soil treatment is more and more emphasized. The common soil conditioner has single function and weak effect persistence, and meanwhile, most of the humic acid soil conditioners on the market are prepared and produced by adopting a crushing and acid method, the products are mainly acidic, and meanwhile, most of the products mainly adopt organic fertilizers which mainly enhance the humic acid fertilizer effect, so that the activity of the active ingredients of the soil conditioner products cannot be completely reflected, and the soil repairing effect is still unsatisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving at least one technical problem in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
450-800 parts of potassium humate, 6-25 parts of potassium oxide, 3-6 parts of microbial bacteria and 50-180 parts of active humic acid.
Further, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
550-700 parts of potassium humate, 12-19 parts of potassium oxide, 4-5 parts of microbial bacteria and 90-140 parts of active humic acid.
Further, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
620 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 5 parts of microbial bacteria and 120 parts of active humic acid.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder;
step two: putting the active humic acid powder and potassium oxide into a grinding machine according to the proportion for grinding to obtain matrix powder; wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide;
step three: standing and stacking the matrix powder;
step four: inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain bacteria-containing matrix powder;
step five: naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder;
step six: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10;
step seven: stacking and decomposing at normal temperature to obtain the finished product.
Further, the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material in the step one is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material in the step one comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
Further, in the second step, the active humic acid powder and the potassium oxide are ground to 50-100 meshes.
Further, the standing and stacking time of the matrix powder in the third step is 0.5-12 hours.
Further, in the fifth step, the time for naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder is 24-36 hours.
And further, the stacking and decomposing time in the seventh step at normal temperature is 1-7 days.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
(1) the method for preparing the micromolecule humic acid by the alkaline method in a dry method has no sewage discharge, the product is convenient to use, is easy to dissolve in water, is rich in macromolecule organic acid, can activate, complex and chelate nutrients in soil, can dissolve phosphorus and protect nitrogen, degrades pesticide residues and heavy metals, reduces the using amount of the fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, can promote the rapid development of root systems, and enhances the capacity of absorbing water and nutrients;
(2) the active humic acid contains a large amount of chiral active factors, so that the colloid property and the buffering performance of the soil can be effectively improved, and the bad conditions of sticky and heavy texture, easy hardening of the soil and saline-alkali soil can be improved; the method has the advantages that the formation of a soil aggregate structure is promoted, the solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase ratio is adjusted, the soil is loosened, the pores are enlarged, the desertified land can be effectively improved, and the structure of the desertified land can be changed, so that the desertified land is effectively treated;
(3) the microbial strain is added to combine with the active humic acid, so that the soil, water, fertilizer and gas heat conditions can be adjusted, the soil exchange capacity is improved, the acid-base balance is achieved, the decomposition and conversion of organic matters are accelerated, the release of nutrient elements is promoted, crops can absorb nutrition conveniently, the stress resistance of the soil is enhanced, the microbial activity of the soil is promoted, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
450 parts of potassium humate, 6 parts of potassium oxide, 3 parts of microbial bacteria and 50 parts of active humic acid.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder.
Wherein the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
After the first step is completed, executing a second step: and (3) putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion, and grinding to 50-100 meshes to obtain matrix powder. Wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide.
After the second step is completed, the third step is executed: standing and stacking the matrix powder; the stacking time is 0.5-12 h.
After the third step is completed, executing a fourth step: and (3) inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain the bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fourth step is completed, executing a fifth step: and naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder for 24-36 h to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fifth step is completed, executing a sixth step: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10.
It should be noted that the potassium hydroxide in the examples of the present invention may be replaced with sodium hydroxide.
After the step six is completed, the step seven is executed: stacking for 1-7 days at normal temperature for decomposition to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
550 parts of potassium humate, 12 parts of potassium oxide, 4 parts of microbial bacteria and 90 parts of active humic acid.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder.
Wherein the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
After the first step is completed, executing a second step: and (3) putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion, and grinding to 50-100 meshes to obtain matrix powder. Wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide.
After the second step is completed, the third step is executed: standing and stacking the matrix powder; the stacking time is 0.5-12 h.
After the third step is completed, executing a fourth step: and (3) inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain the bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fourth step is completed, executing a fifth step: and naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder for 24-36 h to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fifth step is completed, executing a sixth step: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10.
It should be noted that the potassium hydroxide in the examples of the present invention may be replaced with sodium hydroxide.
After the step six is completed, the step seven is executed: stacking for 1-7 days at normal temperature for decomposition to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
620 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 5 parts of microbial bacteria and 120 parts of active humic acid.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder.
Wherein the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
After the first step is completed, executing a second step: and (3) putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion, and grinding to 50-100 meshes to obtain matrix powder. Wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide.
After the second step is completed, the third step is executed: standing and stacking the matrix powder; the stacking time is 0.5-12 h.
After the third step is completed, executing a fourth step: and (3) inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain the bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fourth step is completed, executing a fifth step: and naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder for 24-36 h to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fifth step is completed, executing a sixth step: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10.
It should be noted that the potassium hydroxide in the examples of the present invention may be replaced with sodium hydroxide.
After the step six is completed, the step seven is executed: stacking for 1-7 days at normal temperature for decomposition to obtain the finished product.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
700 parts of potassium humate, 19 parts of potassium oxide, 5 parts of microbial bacteria and 140 parts of active humic acid.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder.
Wherein the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
After the first step is completed, executing a second step: and (3) putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion, and grinding to 50-100 meshes to obtain matrix powder. Wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide.
After the second step is completed, the third step is executed: standing and stacking the matrix powder; the stacking time is 0.5-12 h.
After the third step is completed, executing a fourth step: and (3) inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain the bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fourth step is completed, executing a fifth step: and naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder for 24-36 h to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fifth step is completed, executing a sixth step: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10.
It should be noted that the potassium hydroxide in the examples of the present invention may be replaced with sodium hydroxide.
After the step six is completed, the step seven is executed: stacking for 1-7 days at normal temperature for decomposition to obtain the finished product.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
800 parts of potassium humate, 25 parts of potassium oxide, 6 parts of microbial bacteria and 180 parts of active humic acid.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder.
Wherein the organic matter content of the active humic acid raw material is not less than 85%.
Further, the method for crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises the following steps:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
After the first step is completed, executing a second step: and (3) putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion, and grinding to 50-100 meshes to obtain matrix powder. Wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide.
After the second step is completed, the third step is executed: standing and stacking the matrix powder; the stacking time is 0.5-12 h.
After the third step is completed, executing a fourth step: and (3) inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain the bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fourth step is completed, executing a fifth step: and naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder for 24-36 h to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder.
After the fifth step is completed, executing a sixth step: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10.
It should be noted that the potassium hydroxide in the examples of the present invention may be replaced with sodium hydroxide.
After the step six is completed, the step seven is executed: stacking for 1-7 days at normal temperature for decomposition to obtain the finished product.
Heavy metal degradation experiment
(1) Degradation of cadmium metal
The soil conditioner and the electroplating wastewater containing cadmium in the embodiment 1 are mixed and stirred according to the mass ratio of 1:100, the cadmium content is 92.5mg/L before treatment, the cadmium content is reduced to 0.1mg/L after treatment, and the removal rate is 99.8%.
(2) Degradation of chromium metal
The soil conditioner and the chromium-containing wastewater in the example 1 are subjected to batch mixing and stirring treatment according to the mass ratio of 3:100, the cadmium content is 89.4mg/L before treatment, the chromium content is reduced to 3mg/L after treatment, and the removal rate is 96.6%.
Farmland sewage purification experiment
The soil conditioner of example 1 was added to slaughterhouse wastewater (containing 143001mg/L BOD, 189001mg/L suspended solids, 240001mg/L Escherichia coli) at a ratio of 5:100 and continuously reacted in 3 aeration tanks to produce a clear solution containing no Escherichia coli, BOD and very low suspended solids (75 mg/L BOD, 22mg/L suspended solids).
Experiment of field soil
The soil conditioning in the embodiment 1 can be performed on the soil with the salt content of 0.3% -0.6%, the emergence rate of crops is improved by 15% -30%, the yield is increased by more than 10%, and the heavy metal content is obviously reduced; after the saline-alkali soil is continuously used for 3-5 years, the salt content of the saline-alkali soil is reduced by more than 50%, the organic matter in the soil is improved by 15% -30%, the cultivated land performance is obviously improved, and the microbial flora in the soil is also obviously improved.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
450-800 parts of potassium humate, 6-25 parts of potassium oxide, 3-6 parts of microbial bacteria and 50-180 parts of active humic acid.
2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
550-700 parts of potassium humate, 12-19 parts of potassium oxide, 4-5 parts of microbial bacteria and 90-140 parts of active humic acid.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
620 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 5 parts of microbial bacteria and 120 parts of active humic acid.
4. A method of preparing a soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material to obtain dry active humic acid powder;
step two: putting the active humic acid powder and the reagent into a grinding machine according to the proportion for grinding to obtain matrix powder; wherein the reagent is a mixture of potassium oxide and potassium hydroxide;
step three: standing and stacking the matrix powder;
step four: inoculating the matrix powder after standing into a microbial strain and uniformly stirring to obtain bacteria-containing matrix powder;
step five: naturally standing, stacking and fermenting the bacteria-containing matrix powder to obtain fermented bacteria-containing matrix powder;
step six: adding potassium hydroxide into the fermented substrate powder containing the bacteria, and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-10;
step seven: stacking and decomposing at normal temperature to obtain the finished product.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the organic content of the active humic acid raw material in step one is not less than 85%.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step one of crushing and drying the active humic acid raw material comprises:
the active humic acid raw material is crushed by a crusher at normal temperature and is air-cooled and dried until the water content is 9-13%.
7. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein in the second step, the active humic acid powder and the potassium oxide are ground to 50-100 meshes.
8. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the time period for laying the matrix powder at rest in the third step is 0.5-12 h.
9. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the time for the natural standing, stacking and fermentation of the bacteria-containing matrix powder in the fifth step is 24-36 h.
10. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the stacking and decomposing time at normal temperature in the seventh step is 1 to 7 days.
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| CN202010784961.1A CN111793501A (en) | 2020-08-06 | 2020-08-06 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010784961.1A CN111793501A (en) | 2020-08-06 | 2020-08-06 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115231975A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-25 | 山西粮缘金土地科技股份有限公司 | Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201020 |