CN115637151B - Acid soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Acid soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115637151B CN115637151B CN202211393494.5A CN202211393494A CN115637151B CN 115637151 B CN115637151 B CN 115637151B CN 202211393494 A CN202211393494 A CN 202211393494A CN 115637151 B CN115637151 B CN 115637151B
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- -1 alkaline salt modified silicate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940013618 stevioside Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZTOKUMPYMPKCFX-CZNUEWPDSA-N (E)-17-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoctadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C/CCCCCCC(C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](COC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1 ZTOKUMPYMPKCFX-CZNUEWPDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 76
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 244000300264 Spinacia oleracea Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002681 soil colloid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to an acid soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 10-50 parts of oyster shell powder and 5-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar; the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can effectively and stably play the aim of relieving the aluminum toxicity of the acid soil, and obviously reduce the harm of the aluminum toxicity of the acid soil to plant growth. The soil conditioner is suitable for farmland acid soil such as brown soil, can achieve the effects of improving the acid soil and promoting plant growth, and is easy to produce and convenient to apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to an acid soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soil acidification is a serious global problem and has a great influence on sustainable development of agricultural production. Soil acidification promotes the conversion of fixed aluminum to active aluminum, for example, when the pH of soil is less than 5, the concentration of soil exchangeable aluminum is obviously increased, thereby inhibiting the growth and development of crops and root system development and reducing the crop yield. Wherein, every time the pH of soil is reduced by one unit, the activity of Al 3+ which is a main toxic species of aluminum is increased by 1000 times. Aluminum toxicity is a key factor in limiting crop growth in acid soil. From the aspect of development of agricultural industry, most of the acid soil distribution areas are rich in hydrothermal resources, and plant production potential is huge, so that the improvement of the acid soil is of great significance for not only improving agricultural productivity, but also protecting ecological environment and improving agricultural product quality.
Many studies have found that soil conditioners are important application products in soil remediation technology. For acidified soil where aluminum toxicity exists, it is critical to apply soil conditioners to improve the acid soil. The silicon in the soil conditioner can form a complex with soil aluminum ions, so that the absorption and transportation of aluminum by plants are reduced, and the toxic action of aluminum on the plants is effectively relieved. In the process of plant growth, the silicon can improve nutrient utilization of plants, increase disease resistance of strong plants and promote plant growth. The calcium-based soil conditioner can supplement cations such as calcium and magnesium in soil, reduce the activity of soil exchange Al 3+ and achieve the aim of relieving aluminum toxicity. In addition, the organic soil conditioner can carry out coordination reaction with Al 3+ to generate a complex with little or no toxicity, thereby relieving the toxicity of the aluminum in the soil. At present, people mainly apply lime, organic fertilizer, humic acid, mineral materials and the like to improve acid soil so as to relieve aluminum toxicity. However, in intensive agricultural modes of production, the soil modified with soil conditioners of the type described above is still at risk of re-acidification, thereby affecting agricultural production.
How to design and develop a soil conditioner which can be high-efficiency and durable and stable becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soil conditioner which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 10-50 parts of oyster shell powder and 5-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar;
Wherein, in the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, the weight ratio of the silicate-based composite material to the alkaline salt is 1 (0.1-0.8);
the silicate-based composite material comprises gold tailings, talcum powder and wollastonite with the weight ratio of (0.1-0.35) to (0.15-0.4);
in the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar, the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-rich biochar to the sophorolipid is 1 (0.15-0.96).
According to the invention, the soil conditioner prepared by adopting the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar through reasonable proportion has the effect of efficiently and stably relieving the aluminum toxicity of soil.
The silicate-based composite material is capable of greatly promoting the conversion of soil exchangeable Al 3+ into hydroxyl aluminum ions or forming hydroxide precipitates, and has an outstanding effect of relieving the aluminum toxicity of the soil; meanwhile, by adopting the alkaline salt modification treatment in the proportion, the structure of gold tailings, talcum powder and wollastonite can be changed, the activity of silicon in the silicate-based composite material and the plant availability are improved, the conversion of exchangeable Al 3+ is further promoted, and the plant growth is further promoted. In addition, the silicon element can improve the absorption of crops to nutrient elements, relieve the element deficiency symptom of the overground parts of the crop plants caused by the aluminum toxicity of the soil, promote the growth and stress resistance of the plants and improve the yield and quality of the crops;
The oyster shell powder is rich in a large amount of calcium elements, is strong in alkalinity, can improve the pH of soil and exchangeable calcium, gradually converts exchangeable Al 3+ into hydroxyl aluminum ions or forms hydroxide precipitates, inhibits the combination of Al 3+ and binding sites on the surface of soil colloid, and promotes the aluminum ions and alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material to further form a complex;
Carbonate, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino and other organic functional groups on the surface of the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar can interact with H + in soil, so that the content of aluminum ions in the soil is directly or indirectly reduced. More importantly, after the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar is compounded with the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, the pH buffering capacity of the soil can be remarkably increased, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil are stabilized, and the increase of soluble and exchangeable aluminum in the soil re-acidification process is inhibited. In addition, the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar can also improve the chemical properties of soil organic matters, ion exchange capacity, soil nutrient content and the like, and promote the growth of plants.
In a specific implementation process, the preparation method of the silicate-based composite material comprises the following steps:
The gold tailings, talcum powder and wollastonite are mixed in proportion, ball milled and sieved to obtain silicate-base composite material with fineness of 60-150 mesh.
In a specific implementation process, the preparation method of the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material comprises the following steps:
mixing the silicate-based composite material and the alkaline salt in proportion, and then calcining the mixture at 150-350 ℃ in an anaerobic mode, wherein calcination is preferred for 1-2h.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of the silicon element to the calcium element in the soil conditioner is 1 (0.25-1.5).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basic salt contains a calcium salt and a magnesium salt; wherein the weight ratio of the calcium element to the magnesium element is 1 (0.3-1.2).
The alkaline salts include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, magnesium oxide.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the silicon-calcium-rich biochar comprise the following components in weight ratio of 0.5: (0.25-0.45), and (0.05-0.25) shrimp shell, straw waste and nano potassium feldspar.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation raw material of the silicon-calcium-rich biochar further comprises alkaline potassium salt, and the weight ratio of the mixture to the alkaline potassium salt is 1 (0.2-0.7).
In specific embodiments, the alkaline potassium salt includes, but is not limited to, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate.
In the specific implementation process, the preparation method of the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar comprises the following steps:
(1) Shrimp shell, straw waste and nano potassium feldspar are mixed in proportion, and ball milling is carried out to obtain a raw material mixture; mixing the raw material mixture with alkaline potassium salt according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.2-0.7), performing anaerobic pyrolysis at 300-500 ℃, washing and sieving to obtain the silicon-calcium-enriched biochar; preferably pyrolysis for 1.5-2.5 hours;
(2) Mixing the silicon-calcium-rich biochar with 3-8% of sophorolipid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 5-12mL, standing and drying to obtain the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar.
In particular embodiments, straw waste includes, but is not limited to, rice straw, rice hulls, rice chaff, pumpkin straw, wheat straw, and corn straw.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oyster shell powder comprises uncalcined oyster shell powder and calcined oyster shell powder in a weight ratio of 0.6-0.8:0.2-0.4.
The invention further discovers that the combination of the calcined oyster shell powder and the uncalcined oyster shell powder in the proportion can further inhibit the combination of Al 3+ in soil and the binding site on the surface of the soil colloid, thereby further promoting the combination of the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material and aluminum ions.
In a specific implementation process, the preparation method of the oyster shell powder comprises the following steps:
Mixing the uncalcined oyster shell powder and the calcined oyster shell powder in proportion, and performing ball milling to obtain the finished product; preferably, the fineness of the oyster shell powder is 60-150 meshes.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the soil conditioner further comprises 0.5-2.8 parts of a synergistic agent; the synergistic agent is at least one of cerium chitosan, lanthanum alginate oligosaccharide, lanthanum alginate and lanthanum nitrate.
The invention also discovers that the synergistic agent compounded by the mixture ratio can improve seed germination, promote plants to absorb more nutrient substances, improve the utilization rate of the nutrient, strengthen the stress resistance of the plants and further promote plant growth.
Preferably, the preparation method of the alginate-oligose lanthanum comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving brown alginate oligosaccharides with 5-8% acetic acid solution to obtain brown alginate oligosaccharide solution;
(2) Adding lanthanum and brown alginate oligosaccharides into 0.03-0.12mol/L lanthanum nitrate solution according to the mass ratio of (6-15), then adjusting pH to 5-7 with ammonia water, stirring and mixing to obtain mixed solution;
(3) Filtering, washing the precipitate until no ammonia smell exists, drying at 65-80 ℃, and grinding into powder to obtain the alginate lanthanum oligosaccharide.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil conditioner comprises: 65-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 15-40 parts of oyster shell powder and 5-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil conditioner comprises: 75-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 15-40 parts of oyster shell powder and 5-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar.
More preferably, the soil conditioner comprises: 80-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 30-40 parts of oyster shell powder, 20-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar, 2-2.8 parts of synergist and 3-5 parts of water-retaining agent.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil conditioner further comprises: 0-20 parts of dolomite and/or 0.5-5 parts of water-retaining agent;
The water-retaining agent is at least one of stevioside extraction waste liquid, soy protein waste water fermentation liquor, bentonite and diatomite.
Preferably, the content of CaO in dolomite is 20% or more, and the content of MgO is 25% or more. Both calcium and magnesium are nutrient elements required by plant growth, and the higher calcium and magnesium content can further promote plant growth.
The water-retaining agent is easy to obtain, ecological and environment-friendly, has high quality and low cost, and is very suitable for the soil conditioner system. Wherein the stevioside extraction waste liquid is a downstream liquid of stevioside extraction process by stevia rebaudiana, contains organic acid, polypeptide, amino acid and the like, and has the functions of promoting growth and retaining water; the soybean protein wastewater fermentation liquor contains water-soluble high molecular polymers, has super-strong hydrophilicity and water-retaining property, and can promote the root system of crops to absorb phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and trace elements in soil. Bentonite and diatomite are rich in silicon dioxide, have large area and water absorption capacity, and can improve soil and enhance the viscosity and water retention of the soil.
Further, the invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner in any embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
Mixing the silicate-based composite material with alkaline salt, performing anaerobic co-calcination at 150-350 ℃, cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material; and then mixing the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material with oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar according to a certain weight part ratio to prepare the soil conditioner.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil conditioner is prepared by a process comprising:
(1) Mixing the silicate-based composite material with alkaline salt in proportion, and performing anaerobic co-calcination at 150-350 ℃ to obtain a functional material A; preferably calcining for 1-2 hours;
(2) Mixing oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar in proportion, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material B; ball milling is preferably carried out for 0.5 to 2 hours;
(3) After the synergistic agent and the water-retaining agent are mixed according to the proportion, the mass volume ratio is 1g: mixing 20-50mL of the mixture with water to prepare a mixed solution C;
(4) And mixing the functional materials A and B, and adding the mixed solution C in the mixing process to prepare the soil conditioner.
In the specific implementation process, the soil conditioner particles can be prepared by adopting an extrusion granulation process.
The preferred embodiments described above may be further combined to obtain a more advantageous solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the invention, the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar are used, the soil conditioner is promoted to efficiently and permanently play the purpose of relieving aluminum toxicity through reasonable compounding, and the harm of the aluminum toxicity of the soil to plant growth is obviously reduced. The soil conditioner is suitable for brown soil farmland soil, can achieve the effects of improving acid soil and promoting plant growth, and is easy to produce and convenient to use.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The examples are not intended to identify the particular technology or conditions, and are either conventional or are carried out according to the technology or conditions described in the literature in this field or are carried out according to the product specifications. The reagents and instruments used, etc. are not identified to the manufacturer and are conventional products available for purchase by regular vendors.
The silicate-based composite material in the following examples is prepared by uniformly mixing gold tailings, talcum powder and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.2, and crushing and sieving the mixture by a crusher. Wherein, the gold tailing raw material is purchased from Yongxing stone powder factory in Lyzhou city; talc, food grade, available from Gui Lingui guang talc development limited; wollastonite, siO 2 is greater than or equal to 96%, which is purchased from Henan Yixiang New Material Co.
In the following examples, the alkali salt modified silicate-based composite material (functional material A) was prepared by uniformly mixing the silicate-based composite material and alkali salt in a weight ratio of 1:0.35, and anaerobically co-calcining at 280℃for 1.5 hours; wherein the alkaline salt is mixed by potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesium oxide according to the weight ratio (6:1.8:2.2), and the weight ratio of the calcium element to the magnesium element is 1:0.6.
The oyster shell powder in the following examples is a mixture of uncalcined oyster shell powder and calcined oyster shell powder, which is prepared by uniformly mixing uncalcined oyster shell powder and calcined oyster shell powder according to the weight ratio of 4:1, and ball milling by a ball mill; wherein the fineness of the oyster shell powder is 80 meshes.
The sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar in the following examples was prepared according to the following method: shrimp shell, straw waste and nano potassium feldspar are mixed according to the proportion of 0.5:0.4: mixing in a ratio of 0.1, and then ball milling to obtain a raw material mixture with uniform particle size; uniformly mixing the raw material mixture and potassium hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3, performing anaerobic pyrolysis at 400 ℃ for 2 hours, washing and sieving to obtain the silicon-calcium-enriched biochar; adding the silicon-calcium-rich biochar into a sophorolipid solution with the mass fraction of 4% according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:8 (g/ml), fully stirring, standing and drying to obtain the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar; wherein the straw waste is a mixture of rice hulls, pumpkin straw and wheat straw.
The preparation method of the brown alginate-oligosaccharide lanthanum in the following embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving brown alginate-derived oligosaccharide in acetic acid solution with volume fraction of 6% to obtain brown alginate-derived oligosaccharide solution;
(2) Adding lanthanum and brown alginate oligosaccharides into 0.08mol/L lanthanum nitrate solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10, then adjusting the pH to 6.5 with ammonia water, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) Filtering, washing the precipitate until no ammonia smell exists, drying at 70 ℃, and grinding into powder to obtain the alginate lanthanum oligosaccharide.
Stevioside extraction waste solutions in the following examples were purchased from Haoyan pharmaceutical Co., ltd. In various cities; lanthanum alginate was purchased from chinese marine university student bioengineering development limited.
Before using, the gold tailings and dolomite are crushed and sieved to remove large particles.
The "parts" in the following examples and comparative examples represent parts by weight.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 25 parts of oyster shell powder, 10 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar, 10 parts of dolomite, 1 part of synergist and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
Wherein the synergist is a mixture of alginate-oligosaccharide lanthanum and alginic acid lanthanum according to the weight ratio (0.65:0.35); the water-retaining agent is stevioside extraction waste liquid.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing oyster shell powder, sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar and dolomite according to a proportion, and performing ball milling in a ball mill to obtain a functional material B;
(2) Mixing the synergist and the water-retaining agent in proportion, and mixing the mixed solid with water according to a ratio of 1:20 (g/ml) mixing to obtain a mixed solution C;
(3) And fully mixing the functional material A and the functional material B, and adding the mixed solution C in the mixing process to prepare the soil conditioner.
(4) Transferring the soil conditioner to an extrusion granulator for granulation to obtain granular soil conditioner, and then sub-packaging.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 15 parts of oyster shell powder, 10 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar, 5 parts of dolomite, 1 part of synergist and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
The synergist and the water-retaining agent are the same as in example 1. The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 15 parts of oyster shell powder, 5 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar, 1 part of synergist and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
The synergist and the water-retaining agent are the same as in example 1. The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a soil conditioner, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 40 parts of oyster shell powder, 25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar, 2.6 parts of synergist and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
The synergist and the water-retaining agent are the same as in example 1. The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a soil conditioner whose raw material composition differs from example 1 only in that: the oyster shell powder is all uncalcined oyster shell powder, and the dosage is unchanged.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a soil conditioner whose raw material composition differs from example 1 only in that:
and replacing the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar with an equivalent peanut shell biochar.
The peanut shell biochar is prepared according to the following method: crushing the collected peanut shells, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, placing the peanut shell powder in a muffle furnace, carrying out anaerobic pyrolysis for 3 hours at 500 ℃, cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain the peanut shell biochar.
Test example 1
The influence of the soil conditioner of the above example and the soil conditioner of the comparative example on the soil pH value and the content of the soil exchangeable Al 3+ is tested by the spinach potting test, and the specific test method is as follows:
Soil conditioner was applied to farmland soil from the tobacco stand of Shandong for 30 days in spinach pot experiments. The measurement results of the basic physicochemical properties of the tested soil are shown in table 1, wherein the measurement of the basic physicochemical properties of the soil adopts a conventional soil agrochemical analysis method: the pH value is measured by a potentiometric method (soil-water ratio 1:2.5); the soil organic matter is measured by adopting a potassium dichromate capacity method-an external heating method; quick-acting phosphorus determination adopts a 0.5mol/L sodium bicarbonate leaching-molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method; quick-acting potassium is measured by adopting a 1mol/L ammonium acetate leaching-flame photometry method; the alkaline nitrogen is determined by alkaline diffusion. Soil exchange Al 3+ was determined by 1mol/L potassium chloride exchange-neutralization titration.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of soil and exchangeable Al 3+ content
The test is divided into a control group and a test group, wherein the control group is blank soil, the using amount of the soil conditioner is 15g/kg, and each treatment is tested for 3 times in parallel. The test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 detection results
From the table it can be seen that: after the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is applied, the pH of soil is increased from 4.56 to 7.03, and the soil exchangeable Al 3+ is greatly reduced, so that the application of the soil conditioner can obviously improve the pH of the soil, reduce the content of exchangeable Al 3+ and effectively relieve the toxicity of aluminum in the soil.
Test example 2
On the basis of the test example, after spinach is harvested, biomass and aluminum, silicon, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations of each treated spinach plant are measured, wherein the aluminum, silicon, calcium and magnesium content of the spinach plant is measured by using a HNO 3-H2O2 microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP-OES). The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 detection results
From table 3, it can be seen that: after the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is applied, the biomass of spinach plants is obviously increased, the aluminum concentration of the plants is obviously reduced, and the silicon, calcium and magnesium concentrations of the plants are obviously increased.
Test example 3
The test example compares the influence of the soil conditioner of the embodiment on the clubroot of the celery cabbage by field test of the celery cabbage, and the specific test method is as follows:
The soil conditioner is applied to farmland soil with severe clubroot disease in Qingdao city in Shandong, and Chinese cabbage field experiment is carried out for 35 days. The soil is tidal brown soil with moderate fertility and pH of 6.5.
The test adopts Latin square random block design, the cell area is 12m 2, and the protection row is 0.5 m. The test group was set with 3 treatments, the amount of soil conditioner used was 350 kg/mu, and each treatment was tested 3 times in parallel.
The effect of the soil conditioner of the present invention on the incidence, index and yield of clubroot of chinese cabbage was analyzed, and the results are shown in table 4.
Table 4 detection and calculation results
| Treatment of | Incidence (%) | Index of disease condition | Fresh weight of single plant (g) |
| Control group | 96.88％ | 55.51 | 257.56 |
| Example 1 | 38.68％ | 18.63 | 311.60 |
| Example 2 | 25.61％ | 11.11 | 320.90 |
| Example 3 | 10.89％ | 5.38 | 331.47 |
| Example 4 | 5.32％ | 3.68 | 405.88 |
From table 4, it can be seen that: the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can be used for improving the pH of soil, relieving the toxicity of aluminum in the soil, reducing the absorption and accumulation of aluminum by crops, promoting the absorption of calcium, magnesium, silicon and other ions by crops, reducing the incidence of cabbage clubroot and promoting the growth of crops.
Test example 4
The soil conditioner of the embodiment has the effects of delaying the secondary acidification of the improved soil by a soil culture experiment, and the concrete method is as follows:
300g of soil and 1.5g of the soil conditioner of example 4 were each thoroughly mixed and placed in polyethylene plastic cups. The field water holding capacity is kept at 70%, and the culture is carried out for 30 days at 25 ℃. Likewise, lime and humic acid are used as modifiers to raise the pH of the soil to 5.85 after cultivation. After the cultivation is finished, the mixture is naturally air-dried and passes through a 2mm screen. Then 200g of modified soil is taken, ammonium nitrate is added according to the proportion of 230g N/kg and mixed uniformly, and after 60 days of culture, the pH of the soil and the concentration of aluminum in the soil solution are measured.
The analysis results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 detection results
| Treatment of | Soil pH | Soil exchangeable Al 3+ (mu mol/L) |
| Lime | 5.12±0.11 | 0.98±0.16 |
| Humic acid | 5.24±0.06 | 0.82±0.12 |
| Example 4 | 5.56±0.07 | 0.42±0.12 |
From table 5 it can be seen that: the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention can delay secondary acidification of soil and release soil aluminum toxicity for a long time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-88 parts of alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, 10-50 parts of oyster shell powder and 5-25 parts of sophorolipid modified silicon-rich calcium biochar;
Wherein, in the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material, the weight ratio of the silicate-based composite material to the alkaline salt is 1 (0.1-0.8);
The silicate-based composite material comprises gold tailings, talcum powder and wollastonite with the weight ratio of (0.1-0.35) to (0.15-0.4);
The preparation method of the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material comprises the following steps:
Mixing silicate-based composite material and alkaline salt in proportion, and performing anaerobic co-calcination at 150-350 ℃ to obtain the composite material;
in the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar, the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-rich biochar to the sophorolipid is 1 (0.15-0.96);
The preparation method of the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar comprises the following steps:
(1) Shrimp shell, straw waste and nano potassium feldspar are mixed according to the weight ratio of 0.5: (0.25-0.45) and (0.05-0.25), and then ball milling to obtain a raw material mixture; mixing the raw material mixture with alkaline potassium salt according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.2-0.7), performing anaerobic pyrolysis at 300-500 ℃, washing and sieving to obtain the silicon-calcium-enriched biochar;
(2) Mixing the silicon-calcium-rich biochar with 3-8% of sophorolipid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1g to 5-12mL, standing and drying to obtain the sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar;
The oyster shell powder comprises uncalcined oyster shell powder and calcined oyster shell powder with the weight ratio of 0.6-0.8:0.2-0.4;
The soil conditioner also comprises 0.5-2.8 parts of synergistic agent; the synergistic agent is at least one of cerium chitosan, lanthanum alginate oligosaccharide, lanthanum alginate and lanthanum nitrate;
the preparation method of the alginate-oligose lanthanum comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving brown alginate oligosaccharides with 5-8% acetic acid solution to obtain brown alginate oligosaccharide solution;
(2) Adding lanthanum and brown alginate oligosaccharides into 0.03-0.12mol/L lanthanum nitrate solution according to the mass ratio of (6-15), then adjusting pH to 5-7 with ammonia water, stirring and mixing to obtain mixed solution;
(3) Filtering, washing the precipitate until no ammonia smell exists, drying at 65-80 ℃, and grinding into powder to obtain the alginate-oligose lanthanum;
the soil conditioner also comprises 0.5-5 parts of water-retaining agent; the water-retaining agent is at least one of stevioside extraction waste liquid, soy protein waste water fermentation liquor, bentonite and diatomite.
2. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the alkaline salt comprises a calcium salt and a magnesium salt; wherein the weight ratio of the calcium element to the magnesium element is 1 (0.3-1.2).
3. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material is 65-88 parts by weight, the oyster shell powder is 15-40 parts by weight and the sophorolipid modified calcium-silicon-rich biochar is 5-25 parts by weight.
4. A soil conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the weight parts of the alkaline salt modified silicate-based composite material is 75-88 parts, the weight parts of oyster shell powder is 15-40 parts and the weight parts of the sophorolipid modified calcium-silicon-rich biochar is 5-25 parts.
5. The soil conditioner of claim 1, further comprising: 0-20 parts of dolomite.
6. A method of preparing a soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
(1) Mixing the silicate-based composite material with alkaline salt in proportion, and performing anaerobic co-calcination at 150-350 ℃ to obtain a functional material A;
(2) Mixing oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar in proportion, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material B;
(3) After the synergistic agent and the water-retaining agent are mixed according to the proportion, the mass volume ratio is 1g: mixing 20-50mL of the mixture with water to prepare a mixed solution C;
(4) And mixing the functional materials A and B, and adding the mixed solution C in the mixing process to prepare the soil conditioner.
7. A method of preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 5, comprising:
(1) Mixing the silicate-based composite material with alkaline salt in proportion, and performing anaerobic co-calcination at 150-350 ℃ to obtain a functional material A;
(2) Mixing oyster shell powder and sophorolipid modified silicon-calcium-rich biochar and dolomite according to a proportion, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material B;
(3) After the synergistic agent and the water-retaining agent are mixed according to the proportion, the mass volume ratio is 1g: mixing 20-50mL of the mixture with water to prepare a mixed solution C;
(4) And mixing the functional materials A and B, and adding the mixed solution C in the mixing process to prepare the soil conditioner.
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