CN118125874A - Soil conditioner based on organic acid activated oyster shells and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner based on organic acid activated oyster shells and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 title claims description 26
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- -1 organic acid activated oyster shell Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000010408 potassium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000737 potassium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L potassium alginate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-ylmethyl)-1-oxa-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-2-en-8-yl]-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]methanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CC1=NOC2(C1)CCN(CC2)C(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021232 nutrient availability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell, wherein particles of the soil conditioner comprise an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the inner layer comprises phosphorus tail mineral powder and oxalic acid, the middle layer comprises calcined oyster shell powder and potassium alginate, and the outer layer comprises unfired oyster shell powder. The soil conditioner can effectively improve acid soil, passivate various heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, zinc and the like in the soil, can provide potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer for the soil, and can slowly release the fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil conditioning, and in particular relates to a soil conditioner based on oyster shells activated by organic acid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soil improvement is a process of taking corresponding physical, biological or chemical measures for poor texture and structure of soil, improving soil properties, increasing soil fertility, increasing crop yield, and improving the environment of human living soil. Soil acidification is a manifestation of soil degradation, meaning a natural phenomenon in which soil acidification increases, becoming strongly or very strongly acidic. The low pH value of the soil can influence the physicochemical property of the soil, thereby indirectly influencing the growth and development of plants. Soil peracid causes soil hardening, sticky texture, damaged soil structure, poor ventilation, changed soil biodiversity after soil acidification, reduced nutrient availability in the soil, and loss of cations, so that nutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the like are deficient, and the soil nutrient imbalance and fertility are reduced. And the decrease of the pH value of the soil activates toxic heavy metal elements to poison crops, so that the crops grow poorly, the yield of the crops is reduced, the product quality is reduced, and the potential threat of the heavy metal elements to agricultural production and ecological environment is increased. The oyster shell is prepared into the soil conditioner which is applied to the soil, so that the acidification of the soil can be effectively improved, and the activity of heavy metals is passivated, thereby achieving the effects of regulating acid, supplementing calcium and repairing the soil. The oyster shell soil conditioner can promote the absorption of crops to soil nutrients, increase the crop yield and improve the crop quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The granule of the soil conditioner comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer comprises phosphorus tailing powder and oxalic acid, the middle layer comprises calcined oyster shell powder and potassium alginate, and the outer layer comprises unfired oyster shell powder.
A preparation method of a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder; grinding the second part of oyster shells to obtain unfired oyster shell powder;
Step 2) mixing the potassium alginate solution with the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) to form an adhesive;
Step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings to obtain phosphate tailing powder;
step 4) mixing the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with oxalic acid solution, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator for constant temperature reaction, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
And 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation to obtain an inner layer, adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating to obtain the inner layer and the middle layer, and spraying the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) on the outer layer of the film to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of calcined oyster shell powder, 30-50 parts of unfired oyster shell powder and 10-20 parts of phosphorus tailing powder.
Preferably, the particle size of the calcined oyster shell powder in the step 1) is 20-50 mu m, the calcining temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the calcining time is 20-50min; the particle size of the unfired oyster shell powder is 0.6-0.15mm.
Preferably, the concentration of the potassium alginate solution in step 2) is 2.0mol/L.
Preferably, in the step 2), the solid-liquid ratio system is that the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder: potassium alginate solution volume=1:20.
Preferably, the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings in the step 3) is in the range of 15-25%, and the particle size of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm.
Preferably, the concentration of oxalic acid solution in step 4) is in the range of 0.3-0.9 mol/L; the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:8mL-15 mL.
Preferably, the temperature required for the isothermal reaction in step 4) is 25-30℃and the reaction time is 4-7d.
Preferably, in step 5), the disk granulator is used for granulating particles with a particle size of 1mm-4mm, and the particles smaller than 1mm and larger than 4mm are crushed and returned for re-granulating.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The main component of oyster shell is calcium carbonate, and contains a small amount of trace elements, so that nutrition can be provided for soil, the oyster shell powder prismatic layer is of a leaf-shaped structure, contains a large number of micropores, has adsorptivity, and can adsorb heavy metals in the soil, thereby achieving the effect of passivating various heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, zinc and the like; the oyster shell powder is coated on the outermost layer of the soil conditioner, so that the quick contact between the fertilizer and the soil can be effectively blocked, and the fertilizer is slowly released.
Roasting oyster shells to obtain calcium oxide which is dissolved in water and has stronger alkalinity, so that the effect of improving acid soil is achieved; the potassium alginate solution not only can provide potash fertilizer for soil, but also has viscosity, can be used as an intermediate layer to adhere an inner layer and an outer layer, so that the particle structure of the soil conditioner is firmer, and the slow release effect of the fertilizer is further enhanced.
P 2O5 in the phosphate tailing powder and the calcined oyster shell form calcium phosphate fertilizer, so that nutrients are provided for soil, and the phosphate tailing powder and oxalic acid are mixed and granulated.
Detailed Description
The following examples of the present invention are described in detail, and are given by way of illustration of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell comprises the following steps:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder with the particle size of 20-50 mu m; grinding the second part of oyster shell to obtain unfired oyster shell powder with the particle size of 0.6-0.15mm;
Step 2) mixing 10 parts of the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) with 2.0mol/L potassium alginate solution to form an adhesive, wherein the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume = 1:20;
step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings by using a ball mill to prepare phosphate tailing powder, wherein the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings is 20%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm;
Step 4) mixing 15 parts of the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with 0.8mol/L oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:12mL, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 6d, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
step 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation, adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating, and spraying 40 parts of the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) on the outer layer of the coating to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
Example 2
A preparation method of a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell comprises the following steps:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder with the particle size of 20-50 mu m; grinding the second part of oyster shell to obtain unfired oyster shell powder with the particle size of 0.6-0.15mm;
step 2) mixing 12.5 parts of the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) with 2.0mol/L potassium alginate solution to form an adhesive, wherein the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume = 1:20;
step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings by using a ball mill to prepare phosphate tailing powder, wherein the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings is 20%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm;
Step 4) mixing 17.2 parts of the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with 0.9mol/L oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:12mL, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for reaction for 7d, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
Step 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation, adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating, and spraying 42 parts of the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) on the outer layer of the coating to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
Example 3
A preparation method of a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell comprises the following steps:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder with the particle size of 20-50 mu m; grinding the second part of oyster shell to obtain unfired oyster shell powder with the particle size of 0.6-0.15mm;
Step 2) mixing 8.1 parts of the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) with 2.0mol/L potassium alginate solution to form an adhesive, wherein the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume = 1:20;
step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings by using a ball mill to prepare phosphate tailing powder, wherein the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings is 20%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm;
Step 4) mixing 13.9 parts of the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with 0.7mol/L oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:12mL, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 6d, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
Step 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation, adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating, and spraying 38.3 parts of the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) on the outer layer of the coating to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a soil conditioner based on an organic acid activated oyster shell comprises the following steps:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder with the particle size of 20-50 mu m; grinding the second part of oyster shell to obtain unfired oyster shell powder with the particle size of 0.6-0.15mm;
Step 2) mixing 13 parts of the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) with 2.0mol/L potassium alginate solution to form an adhesive, wherein the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume = 1:20;
step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings by using a ball mill to prepare phosphate tailing powder, wherein the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings is 20%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm;
Step 4) mixing 16.5 parts of the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with 0.9mol/L oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:12mL, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 6d, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
step 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4), the adhesive obtained in the step 2) and 41 parts of the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) into a disc granulator for mixing and granulating to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
Comparative example 2
The organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12.7 parts of calcined oyster shell powder and 18 parts of phosphate tailing.
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, drying, roasting, cooling down and superfine grinding part of crushed oyster shells to obtain roasted oyster shell powder with the particle size of 20-50 mu m;
step 2) mixing 12.7 parts of the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) with 2.0mol/L potassium alginate solution to form an adhesive, wherein the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume = 1:20;
step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings by using a ball mill to prepare phosphate tailing powder, wherein the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings is 20%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm;
Step 4) mixing 18 parts of the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with 0.8mol/L oxalic acid solution, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:12mL, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 6d, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
And 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation, and adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
According to the determination of nutrient release rate in the national standard GB/T23148-2009 slow release fertilizer, the soil conditioner prepared in examples 1,2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 is prepared by respectively taking 20g of samples to be soaked in 100mL of water, keeping the room temperature to 20-30 ℃, standing for 7d, and determining the release amount of potassium and phosphorus in the solution. The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 7D comparison of Potassium and phosphorus Release Rate Performance
| Group of | Release rate of 7d Potassium% | 7D phosphorus Release Rate% |
| Example 1 | 8 | 6 |
| Example 2 | 7 | 5 |
| Example 3 | 9 | 6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 52 | 45 |
| Comparative example 2 | 73 | 60 |
The soil conditioners prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were applied to acid soil contaminated with heavy metals, the pH value of the soil before treatment and the cadmium and lead contents in the soil were measured, and the pH value of the soil after treatment and the cadmium and lead contents in the soil after treatment of each of the soil conditioners of examples and comparative examples were measured after one month. The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 soil improvement results
| Group of | Improvement of pH in soil | Reduction of cadmium in soil (%) | Reduction of lead in soil (%) |
| Example 1 | 1.7 | 23 | 17 |
| Example 2 | 1.8 | 25 | 20 |
| Example 3 | 1.5 | 18 | 15 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.8 | 5 | 4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.5 | 3 | 1 |
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by a person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The granule of the soil conditioner comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer comprises phosphorus tailing powder and oxalic acid, the middle layer comprises calcined oyster shell powder and potassium alginate, and the outer layer comprises unfired oyster shell powder.
2. The preparation method of the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1) desalting and crushing oyster shells, dividing the crushed oyster shells into two parts, drying, roasting, cooling the first part of oyster shells, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain roasted oyster shell powder; grinding the second part of oyster shells to obtain unfired oyster shell powder;
Step 2) mixing the potassium alginate solution with the calcined oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) to form an adhesive;
Step 3) crushing the phosphate tailings to obtain phosphate tailing powder;
Step 4) mixing the phosphorus tailing powder obtained in the step 3) with oxalic acid solution, standing the mixture in a constant temperature incubator for constant temperature reaction, drying and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and grinding the mixture into powder to obtain mixture powder;
And 5) adding the mixture powder obtained in the step 4) into a disc granulator for granulation to obtain an inner layer, adding the adhesive obtained in the step 2) into the disc granulator for coating to obtain the inner layer and the middle layer, and spraying the unfired oyster shell powder obtained in the step 1) on the outer layer of the film to obtain the soil conditioner based on the organic acid activated oyster shell.
3. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the solid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of calcined oyster shell powder, 30-50 parts of unfired oyster shell powder and 10-20 parts of phosphorus tailing powder.
4. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the calcined oyster shell powder in the step 1) is 20-50 mu m, the calcination temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the time is 20-50min; the particle size of the unfired oyster shell powder is 0.6-0.15mm.
5. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the potassium alginate solution in the step 2) is 2.0mol/L.
6. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the solid-liquid ratio system in the step 2) is that the mass of the calcined oyster shell powder is as follows: potassium alginate solution volume=1:20.
7. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the P 2O5 content in the phosphate tailings in the step 3) is in the range of 15-25%, and the granularity of the phosphate tailings is less than 0.1mm.
8. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the oxalic acid solution in the step 4) is in the range of 0.3-0.9 mol/L; the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phosphorus tailing powder to the oxalic acid solution is 1g:8mL-15 mL.
9. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the temperature required by the constant temperature reaction in the step 4) is 25-30 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-7d.
10. The method for preparing the organic acid activated oyster shell-based soil conditioner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the granulation particle size of the disc granulator in the step 5) is 1mm-4mm, and the granules smaller than 1mm and larger than 4mm are crushed and returned for granulation again.
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