CN111807892A - Humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, and a preparation method and application thereof. A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components: preparing a liquid containing humic acid organic mother liquor, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace metal elements; the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components: concentrated biogas liquid, humic acid and organic weak acid salt; the trace metal element preparation liquid comprises the following components: water, zinc salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, chelated iron. All indexes of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry meet the technical indexes of liquid products in humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer. The fertilizer is sprayed after being diluted by field irrigation water respectively in the early stage of rice spike pregnancy and the early stage of grouting, can effectively improve the yield and the quality of crops such as rice and the like, and simultaneously reduces the accumulation of cadmium in agricultural products, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, strong applicability, easy popularization, obvious effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of the industrial and mining industry, a large amount of heavy metal pollutants enter the farmland soil environment through sewage irrigation, atmospheric sedimentation and other ways, so that the heavy metal in the soil exceeds the standard, and the food safety of China is seriously threatened. Cadmium (Cd) is a highly harmful and toxic carcinogenic substance widely distributed in nature, is easily absorbed by rice, and has the characteristics of strong accumulation and lasting toxicity. In recent years, cadmium pollution in farmland is gradually concerned by people due to the occurrence of cadmium rice events, and how to reduce the absorption of rice on rice and reduce the cadmium content in rice becomes one of the hot spots of researches in the field of agricultural ecology.
The biogas power generation is used as an effective means for treating manure in the breeding process, and is widely applied in the production and operation processes of large-scale pig farms. In the process of carrying out innocent treatment on excrement such as pig manure and urine in a biogas power generation project, a large amount of biogas slurry containing high-concentration NPK nutrient elements is generated, and usually, the part of biogas slurry needs to enter a water treatment system for deep purification treatment. However, because the construction and operation costs of the biogas slurry deep purification and treatment system are high, the biogas slurry deep purification and treatment system becomes one of the problems to be solved urgently in the production and operation process of the cultivation enterprises at present.
The foliar fertilizer can be directly sprayed on the leaf surface of the crop after being diluted, and has the advantages of high fertilizer efficiency, obvious yield increase and quality improvement of the crop and the like. The biogas slurry is used as a residue of anaerobic fermentation, has high nutrient content and organic matter concentration, contains NPK nutrient elements and various trace elements necessary for the growth of crops, amino acids, humic acid and other bioactive substances, and has multiple effects of promoting the growth of crops, preventing and treating crop diseases, improving soil properties and the like. Therefore, the biogas slurry is returned to the field in the form of foliar fertilizer and the like, so that the biogas slurry is changed into valuable, the problem of sewage treatment in the livestock and poultry breeding industry is solved, the use of toxic pesticides can be reduced, the quality of crops in the farmland polluted by medium and light degrees is improved, and the purpose of safe production of agricultural products is achieved.
In patent document CN 103724088A, biogas slurry, a bactericidal substance and vitamins are used as raw materials to prepare a plant foliar fertilizer, and then the plant foliar fertilizer is diluted by 1-5 times for application, although the plant foliar fertilizer can rapidly promote the growth of plants when being sprayed on the leaf surfaces of crops, the technical indexes and the application method of the plant foliar fertilizer do not meet the requirements of the related technical standards of humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer NY 1106-containing fertilizer 2010 and biogas fertilizer application technical specification NY/T2065-containing fertilizer 2011 and cannot meet the production requirements of products; in patent document CN 102249775A, household biogas slurry is used as a base liquid, and a nutrient bag is added to prepare the foliar fertilizer, but the foliar fertilizer does not meet the requirements of the related technical standards of humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer NY 1106-2010 and cannot meet the production requirements of products; in patent document CN 107954798A, biogas slurry is mixed with a bacterial liquid for secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid, and then the fermentation liquid is added with composite vitamins, inorganic fertilizers and the like for ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain the humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer special for drip irrigation rice, wherein the operation of the fertilizer preparation process is complex and the period is long; in patent document, biogas slurry is used as base liquid, and a foliar fertilizer is prepared by adding pomace fermentation liquid and other nutrient components, wherein raw material components involved in the fertilizer preparation process are complex, the pomace fermentation liquid needs to be fermented for more than 10 days under different temperature and pH value environments, the period is long, pomace is not easy to obtain, and the prepared foliar fertilizer does not meet the requirements of related technical standards of humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer (NY 1106-doped 2010) and cannot meet the production requirements of products; in patent document CN 110577440A, potassium fulvate and monopotassium phosphate are used as main materials, a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers is mixed and stirred with an accelerant, biogas slurry and biological microbial inoculum powder are sprayed and dried to obtain the solid microbial inoculum foliar fertilizer, the fertilizer preparation process involves a large number of substance raw materials, the biogas slurry needs flocculation and activated carbon adsorption treatment, and accordingly solid waste precipitation is generated, and the problem of secondary pollution can be caused.
In summary, in the above patent documents, biogas slurry is used as a base liquid or a raw material, and a foliar fertilizer is prepared by secondary fermentation and addition of other organic and inorganic nutritional raw materials, although the foliar fertilizer has a certain application treatment effect, the technical indexes of the product do not meet the requirements of related technical standards or the raw materials are complex, the production period is long, the cost is high, and the like, so that effective large-scale production and popularization and application are difficult to perform.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the existing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, the invention aims at providing the foliar fertilizer containing humic acid based on biogas slurry.
The second aspect of the invention aims to provide a preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry.
The third aspect of the invention aims to provide the application of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry.
The fourth aspect of the invention aims to provide a method for applying a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, which comprises the following components: the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor is a liquid prepared from humic acid organic mother liquor, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace metal elements.
The humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components: concentrated biogas liquid, humic acid and organic weak acid salt.
The trace metal element preparation liquid comprises the following components: water, zinc salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, chelated iron.
The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 20-30 parts of nitrogen, 10-20 parts of phosphorus, 20-30 parts of potassium and 5-26 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 25-30 parts of nitrogen, 15-20 parts of phosphorus, 25-30 parts of potassium and 5-16 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 95-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 27-30 parts of nitrogen, 16-20 parts of phosphorus, 27-30 parts of potassium and 5.25-10.65 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor; most preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 95 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 27 parts of nitrogen, 16 parts of phosphorus, 27 parts of potassium and 10.65 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor.
The humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-80 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 6-12 parts of humic acid and 4-8 parts of organic weak acid salt; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75-80 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 9-12 parts of humic acid and 6-8 parts of organic weak acid salt; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 78-80 parts of biogas slurry concentrated solution, 10-12 parts of humic acid and 7-8 parts of organic weak acid salt; most preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 78 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 10 parts of humic acid and 7 parts of organic weak acid salt.
The biogas slurry concentrated solution is preferably obtained by the following method: the effluent biogas slurry of the anaerobic fermentation tank of the farm is obtained by sterilization, grating and concentration.
The farm is preferably a pig farm.
The concentration multiple is preferably 5-20 times; more preferably 7 to 15 times.
The humic acid is preferably at least one of potassium humate, nitro potassium humate and potassium fulvate; more preferably potassium humate.
The organic weak acid salt is preferably at least one of potassium citrate, potassium malate and potassium fumarate; more preferably potassium citrate.
The nitrogen is preferably at least one of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride; more preferably urea.
The phosphorus is preferably at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; more preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The potassium is preferably at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate; more preferably potassium chloride.
The trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-25 parts of water, 0.05-0.3 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.2 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.3 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.2 part of chelated iron; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.15 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.2 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.15 part of chelated iron; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.15 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.2 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.15 part of chelated iron; most preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10 parts of water, 0.15 part of zinc salt, 0.15 part of magnesium salt, 0.2 part of calcium salt and 0.15 part of chelated iron.
The water is preferably deionized water.
The zinc salt is soluble zinc salt; preferably at least one of zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate and zinc acetate; more preferably zinc chloride.
The magnesium salt is soluble magnesium salt; preferably at least one of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate; more preferably magnesium chloride.
The calcium salt is soluble calcium salt; preferably at least one of calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate; more preferably calcium chloride.
The chelated iron is preferably at least one of iron citrate chelate, iron EDDHA chelate and iron EDTA chelate; more preferably EDDHA chelated iron.
The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry also comprises a pH regulator.
The pH regulator is preferably acid or alkali; more preferably at least one of hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and sodium hydroxide; most preferably dilute nitric acid.
The pH value of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry is preferably 7-9; more preferably 7 to 8; most preferably 7.5.
In a second aspect of the invention, the preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry in the first aspect of the invention is preferably as follows: mixing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, adding a trace metal element solution, and then adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to obtain the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry.
The adding mode of the trace metal element preparation solution is preferably slow dripping under the stirring state.
The pH regulator is preferably acid or alkali; more preferably at least one of hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and sodium hydroxide; most preferably dilute nitric acid.
The pH value is preferably 7-9; more preferably 7 to 8; most preferably 7.5.
The organic mother liquor containing humic acid is preferably obtained by mixing concentrated biogas slurry, organic weak acid salt and humic acid, and adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH.
The pH regulator is preferably acid or alkali; more preferably at least one of hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and sodium hydroxide; most preferably dilute nitric acid.
The pH value is preferably 7-9; more preferably 7 to 8; most preferably 7.5.
The trace metal element preparation solution is preferably obtained by the following steps:
(1) dissolving zinc salt, magnesium salt and calcium salt in water to obtain a solution a;
(2) dissolving chelated iron in water to obtain a solution b;
(3) and adding the solution b into the solution a to obtain a trace metal element preparation solution.
The mass ratio of the water in the step (1) to the water in the step (2) is preferably 1: 3-5; more preferably 1: 4.
the manner of addition described in step (3) is preferably slowly dropwise adding under stirring.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry in the first aspect of the invention in the aspects of crop yield increase and cadmium reduction is provided.
The crop is preferably at least one of wheat and rice; more preferably rice.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides a method for applying a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, which comprises the following specific steps: the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry is respectively sprayed at the early stage of booting ears of crops and the early stage of grouting.
The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry is preferably diluted with water before spraying.
The dilution multiple is preferably 1000-3000 times; more preferably 1500-2500 times; most preferably 1500 times.
The water is preferably field irrigation water without significant impurities.
The spraying conditions in the early stage of the booting stage are preferably as follows: spraying for 2-3 times, wherein each time is separated by 5-7 days, and each time is 20-30L/mu; more preferably: the spraying frequency is 2 times, each time is separated by 5 days, and each time is 25L/mu.
The spraying conditions in the early stage of grouting are preferably as follows: spraying for 2-3 times, wherein each time is separated by 5-7 days, and each time is 20-30L/mu; more preferably: the spraying frequency is 2 times, each time is separated by 5 days, and each time is 25L/mu.
The spray application is preferably carried out after 16 pm while avoiding periods of insolation and weather.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry promotes the growth of crops and inhibits the absorption of the crops to cadmium ions in a specific growth period as a basis, simple substances such as the biogas slurry in a pig farm are used as raw materials, and the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer can be prepared only through simple operation processes such as mixing and stirring, and has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
1. the biogas slurry contains nutrient elements and various trace elements necessary for the growth of crops, amino acids, humic acid and other bioactive substances, the biogas slurry is used as a raw material, the problem of treatment and disposal of the biogas slurry in a farm is solved, the application process of the foliar fertilizer has triple effects of promoting the growth of rice, preventing and treating diseases and inhibiting the absorption of heavy metals of crops, the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is greatly reduced, the quality of agricultural products is improved, and the foliar fertilizer has the characteristics of green ecology and environmental protection.
2. The nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium are major elements required in the growth process of the rice, and the substances can be combined with biogas slurry and applied through a foliar fertilizer to effectively improve the NPK absorption efficiency of the rice, strengthen the nutrition of trace elements in the rice, promote the synthesis of nutrient substances such as protein, chlorophyll and the like in the rice body, further inhibit the absorption of the rice on cadmium in soil and simultaneously enhance the lodging resistance of the rice;
3. the humic acid contains typical auxin such as indoleacetic acid, gibberellin, salicylic acid and the like, can promote the differentiation of rice cells, improve the effective tillering number of rice and enhance the physiological activity and stress resistance of the rice.
4. The zinc, the magnesium, the calcium and the iron are trace elements required in the growth process of the rice and are important components for in vivo enzyme synthesis of the rice, and enough trace metal elements are beneficial to enhancing the activity of the biological enzyme, promoting the synthesis of protein, amino acid and chlorophyll in the rice and improving the quality of the brown rice.
5. The organic weak acid salt contains functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like, the aqueous solution is alkalescent, the dissolution and the stability of humic acid are facilitated, and meanwhile, the organic weak acid salt can be complexed with zinc, magnesium, calcium and iron trace elements to form a relatively stable metal complex under the condition that the pH value is 7-8, so that the stability of the foliar fertilizer product can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the absorption efficiency of crops on the trace elements and the cadmium-resisting effect are promoted.
6. The technical scheme of the invention has scientific formula, the humic acid content is 3.1-5.0 g/L, and the major element content is 220-490 g/L (N content)>70g/L、P2O5Content (wt.)>40g/L、K2Content of O>110g/L), and a water-insoluble matter content of 10 to 50g/L, pH (1: 250 times dilution) is 6.5-7.5, all indexes meet the related requirements of technical indexes of (macroelement type) liquid products in humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer (NY 1106-2010), and the large-scale production and sale of the products can be carried out.
7. The foliar fertilizer is respectively diluted by field irrigation water and then sprayed in the early stage of rice booting and the early stage of grouting, so that the yield and the quality of crops such as rice can be effectively improved, and the yield can be increased by 30.9% at most compared with that of a control group which is not sprayed; meanwhile, the cadmium accumulation in agricultural products is reduced by 72.6 percent to the maximum extent compared with a control group which is not sprayed, and the method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, strong applicability, easy popularization, obvious effect and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of the influence of a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry on rice yield: different letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry on the cadmium content in brown rice: different letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The concentrated biogas slurry used in this example was obtained by the following method: the method comprises the steps of sterilizing the effluent biogas slurry of the anaerobic fermentation tank of the pig farm, and concentrating the effluent biogas slurry by 7 times through a grating and biogas slurry concentration device.
Example 1
A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80kg of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 20kg of urea, 10kg of monopotassium phosphate, 20kg of potassium chloride and 26kg of trace metal element preparation liquor; the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70kg of biogas slurry concentrated solution, 6kg of potassium humate and 4kg of potassium citrate; the trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25kg of deionized water, 0.3kg of zinc chloride, 0.2kg of magnesium chloride, 0.3kg of calcium chloride and 0.2kg of EDDHA chelated iron.
The preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing humic acid-containing organic mother liquor: weighing and uniformly mixing the concentrated biogas slurry, potassium citrate and potassium humate according to the formula ratio, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using dilute nitric acid under the stirring state to obtain humic acid-containing organic mother liquor;
(2) preparing a trace metal element preparation solution: weighing deionized water, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and EDDHA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) chelated iron according to a formula amount, wherein the zinc chloride, the magnesium chloride and the calcium chloride are mixed with 5.0kg of deionized water and uniformly shaken to obtain a solution a, the EDDHA chelated iron is mixed with 20kg of deionized water and uniformly shaken to obtain a solution b, and then slowly dropwise adding the solution a into the solution b under a stirring state to obtain a trace metal element preparation solution;
(3) preparing a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer: and (2) weighing and dissolving urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium chloride in the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor obtained in the step (1) according to the formula amount, slowly dropwise adding the trace metal element preparation liquor obtained in the step (2) into the mixed mother liquor in a stirring state, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquor to 7.5 by using 1mol/L dilute nitric acid to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the embodiment.
Example 2
A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100kg of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 30kg of urea, 20kg of monopotassium phosphate, 30kg of potassium chloride and 5.25kg of trace metal element preparation solution; the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80kg of biogas slurry concentrated solution, 12kg of potassium humate and 8kg of potassium citrate; the trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5kg of deionized water, 0.05kg of zinc chloride, 0.05kg of magnesium chloride, 0.1kg of calcium chloride and 0.05kg of EDDHA chelated iron.
The preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing humic acid-containing organic mother liquor: weighing and uniformly mixing the concentrated biogas slurry, potassium citrate and potassium humate according to the formula ratio, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using dilute nitric acid under the stirring state to obtain humic acid-containing organic mother liquor;
(2) preparing a trace metal element preparation solution: weighing deionized water, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and EDDHA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) chelated iron according to a formula amount, wherein the zinc chloride, the magnesium chloride and the calcium chloride are mixed and shaken uniformly with 1kg of deionized water to obtain a solution a, the EDDHA chelated iron is mixed and shaken uniformly with 4kg of deionized water to obtain a solution b, and then slowly dripping the solution a into the solution b under a stirring state to obtain a trace metal element preparation solution;
(3) preparing a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer: and (2) weighing and dissolving urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium chloride in the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor obtained in the step (1) according to the formula amount, slowly dropwise adding the trace metal element preparation liquor obtained in the step (2) into the mixed mother liquor in a stirring state, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquor to 7.5 by using 1mol/L dilute nitric acid to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the embodiment.
Example 3
A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90kg of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 25kg of urea, 15kg of monopotassium phosphate, 25kg of potassium chloride and 15.5kg of trace metal element preparation liquor; the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75kg of biogas slurry concentrated solution, 9kg of potassium humate and 6kg of potassium citrate; the trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15kg of deionized water, 0.1kg of zinc chloride, 0.1kg of magnesium chloride, 0.2kg of calcium chloride and 0.1kg of EDDHA chelated iron.
The preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing humic acid-containing organic mother liquor: weighing and uniformly mixing the concentrated biogas slurry, potassium citrate and potassium humate according to the formula ratio, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using dilute nitric acid under the stirring state to obtain humic acid-containing organic mother liquor;
(2) preparing a trace metal element preparation solution: weighing deionized water, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and EDDHA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) chelated iron according to a formula amount, wherein the zinc chloride, the magnesium chloride and the calcium chloride are mixed and shaken uniformly with 3kg of deionized water to obtain a solution a, the EDDHA chelated iron is mixed and shaken uniformly with 12kg of deionized water to obtain a solution b, and then slowly dripping the solution a into the solution b under a stirring state to obtain a trace metal element preparation solution;
(3) preparing a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer: and (2) weighing and dissolving urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium chloride in the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor obtained in the step (1) according to the formula amount, slowly dropwise adding the trace metal element preparation liquor obtained in the step (2) into the mixed mother liquor in a stirring state, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquor to 7.5 by using 1mol/L dilute nitric acid to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the embodiment.
Example 4
A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 95kg of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 27kg of urea, 16kg of monopotassium phosphate, 27kg of potassium chloride and 10.65kg of trace metal element preparation solution; the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78kg of biogas slurry concentrated solution, 10kg of potassium humate and 7kg of potassium citrate; the trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10kg of deionized water, 0.15kg of zinc chloride, 0.15kg of magnesium chloride, 0.2kg of calcium chloride and 0.15kg of EDDHA chelated iron.
The preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing humic acid-containing organic mother liquor: weighing and uniformly mixing the concentrated biogas slurry, potassium citrate and potassium humate according to the formula ratio, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.5 by using dilute nitric acid under the stirring state to obtain humic acid-containing organic mother liquor;
(2) preparing a trace metal element preparation solution: weighing deionized water, zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and EDDHA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) chelated iron according to a formula amount, wherein the zinc chloride, the magnesium chloride and the calcium chloride are mixed and shaken with 2kg of deionized water to obtain a solution a, the EDDHA chelated iron is mixed and shaken with 8kg of deionized water to obtain a solution b, and then slowly dripping the solution a into the solution b under a stirring state to obtain a trace metal element preparation solution;
(3) preparing a humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer: and (2) weighing and dissolving urea, monopotassium phosphate and potassium chloride in the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor obtained in the step (1) according to the formula amount, slowly dropwise adding the trace metal element preparation liquor obtained in the step (2) into the mixed mother liquor in a stirring state, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquor to 7.5 by using 1mol/L dilute nitric acid to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the embodiment.
Effects of the embodiment
And (3) carrying out a late rice test on the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry prepared in the examples 1 to 4. The test is carried out in a region with moderate cadmium pollution of farmland soil near a certain smelter in renormalization county of Shaoguan city, Guangdong province, and the late rice variety is Meixiang Zhan No. 2. The cell area for each treatment of this experiment was approximately 20 square meters (6.5 meters long and 3.1 meters wide). The test is divided into 1 control group and 4 treatment groups (the foliar fertilizers prepared in the examples 1 to 4), and the foliar fertilizer is mixed in proportion of 1: 1500 dilution, then uniformly spraying the diluted solution on the leaf surfaces according to the dosage of 25L/mu, and repeatedly spraying the solution once after 5 days; and (3) in the early stage of rice grouting, the foliar fertilizer is mixed according to the proportion of 1: 1500 dilution, uniformly spraying the diluted solution on leaf surfaces according to the dosage of 25L/mu, and repeatedly spraying the diluted solution once after 5 days; the spraying liquid is prepared by diluting field irrigation water, and the control group is sprayed with equal amount of irrigation water. In the test process, the field management mode is carried out according to the local management mode, and no obvious plant diseases and insect pests occur in the whole growth period. The spraying process of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer is carried out in a windless and rainless weather 16-18 hours in the afternoon.
Before the test, soil samples of the test community are collected according to a five-point sampling method, and the collected soil samples are sent to an ecological environment technical research institute of Guangdong province for carrying out the basic physicochemical properties of the soil and the total determination of heavy metal cadmium in the soil. After the rice is ripe, the five-point sampling method is adopted in the communities of the embodiments to respectively collect the rice ear parts of 5 plants in the mature period, the rice ear parts are put into net bags and transported back to a laboratory for natural air drying, and the rice huller is used for hulling and grinding the grains and then the grains are put into self-sealing bags for later use. And harvesting and measuring the yield of the rice in the cells of each embodiment by adopting a manual harvesting mode.
Completely digesting by adopting hydrochloric acid-nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid-perchloric acid, and measuring the total amount of cadmium (Cd) in the soil by using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry; the content of cadmium (Cd) in the brown rice is determined by using a nitric acid-perchloric acid (9+1) mixed acid for digestion and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer graphite furnace method.
In this example, the cadmium content in the soil to be tested was 1.13mg.kg-1The limit value of the standard limit value of soil pollution risk management and control standard (trial) for agricultural land of soil environmental quality (GB15618-2018) is 3.8 times, and the soil pollution risk management and control standard belongs to moderate pollution; other basic physicochemical properties of soil are: pH 5.3, organic matter 32.2mg.kg-1And a cation exchange capacity of 7.5cmol.kg-1167.5mg.kg of available nitrogen-13.9mg of available phosphorus-1Effective potassium of 62.5mg.kg-1。
The experimental results are as follows:
the rice yield is 269.2 kg/mu and the Cd content of the rice is up to 0.62mg.kg by calculation in the CK cell of the control group which is only sprayed with irrigation water-1The Cd content of the rice is 0.2mg.kg, which exceeds the pollutant limit in national food Standard of food safety (GB2762-2017) in China-1The standard limit value of (2.1 times) exceeds the standard limit value.
The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer diluent can promote the growth and development of rice and obviously improve the yield of the rice by spraying the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer diluent at the early stage of booting and early stage of grouting of the rice, and the results are shown in figure 1: compared with CK, after the foliar fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 is diluted by 1500 times of the spraying liquid, the rice yield is obviously increased, and the yield is respectively increased by 20.4%, 29.9%, 24.6% and 30.9%.
The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer diluent can effectively inhibit the absorption of rice to cadmium elements in soil and obviously reduce the cadmium content of brown rice by spraying the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer diluent at the early stage of rice booting and early stage of grouting, and the results are shown in figure 2: compared with CK, the Cd content of the paddy brown rice is respectively reduced by 58.0%, 69.3%, 67.7% and 72.6% after the 1500-time diluted spraying liquid of the leaf fertilizers obtained in the embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4 is sprayed, wherein the Cd content of the paddy brown rice in the embodiments 2 and 4 is lower than that of the paddy rice in the pollutant limit of national food Standard for food safety (GB2762-2017) in the embodiments 2 and 4 and is 0.2mg.kg-1The standard limit value of the method achieves good expected effect.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry is characterized in that: comprises the following components: preparing a liquid containing humic acid organic mother liquor, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace metal elements;
the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components: concentrated biogas liquid, humic acid and organic weak acid salt.
2. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the trace metal element preparation liquid comprises the following components: water, zinc salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt, chelated iron.
3. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 20-30 parts of nitrogen, 10-20 parts of phosphorus, 20-30 parts of potassium and 5-26 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 25-30 parts of nitrogen, 15-20 parts of phosphorus, 25-30 parts of potassium and 5-16 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 95-100 parts of humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, 27-30 parts of nitrogen, 16-20 parts of phosphorus, 27-30 parts of potassium and 5.25-10.65 parts of trace metal element preparation liquor.
4. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-80 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 6-12 parts of humic acid and 4-8 parts of organic weak acid salt; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75-80 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 9-12 parts of humic acid and 6-8 parts of organic weak acid salt; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 78-80 parts of concentrated biogas liquid, 10-12 parts of humic acid and 7-8 parts of organic weak acid salt.
5. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the trace metal element preparation solution comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-25 parts of water, 0.05-0.3 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.2 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.3 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.2 part of chelated iron; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-15 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.15 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.2 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.15 part of chelated iron; more preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of zinc salt, 0.05-0.15 part of magnesium salt, 0.1-0.2 part of calcium salt and 0.05-0.15 part of chelated iron.
6. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the humic acid is preferably at least one of potassium humate, nitro potassium humate and potassium fulvate; more preferably potassium humate;
the organic weak acid salt is preferably at least one of potassium citrate, potassium malate and potassium fumarate;
the nitrogen is preferably at least one of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride;
the phosphorus is preferably at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate;
the potassium is preferably at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate;
the zinc salt is preferably a soluble zinc salt;
the magnesium salt is preferably soluble magnesium salt;
the calcium salt is preferably a soluble calcium salt;
the chelated iron is preferably at least one of iron citrate chelate, iron EDDHA chelate and iron EDTA chelate.
7. The humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that:
the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry also comprises a pH regulator;
the pH value of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry is preferably 7-9; more preferably 7 to 8; most preferably 7.5.
8. The preparation method of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
mixing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the humic acid-containing organic mother liquor, adding a trace metal element solution, and then adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to obtain the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on the biogas slurry.
9. The application of the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, which is described in any one of claims 1 to 7, in the aspects of crop yield increase and cadmium reduction.
10. A method for applying humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps: spraying the humic acid-containing foliar fertilizer based on biogas slurry, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 7, on the early stage of booting ears of crops and the early stage of grouting, respectively.
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