CN111793375A - 低温固化的腐蚀抑制涂层 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种腐蚀抑制涂层,所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括:基底,所述基底包括硅酸盐基质,其中铝、铝合金或它们的组合存在于所述硅酸盐基质内;以及抑制剂,所述抑制剂包括:钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁、金属磷硅酸盐或它们的组合,其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层的固化温度为约20℃至约190℃,优选地为约20℃至约120℃。还公开了一种涂布有所述腐蚀抑制涂层的基材,其中所述基材是经过喷丸的零件。
Description
背景技术
示例性实施方案是关于腐蚀抑制涂层的领域,更具体地说,是用于飞机部件的具有低固化温度的抑制涂层。
合金在航空航天应用中需要防腐蚀。常规的牺牲腐蚀抑制涂层是基于铝陶瓷涂料,其中六价铬化合物添加剂作为腐蚀抑制剂。然而,全世界的政府机构都认为含六价铬的化合物对环境有害。无铬化合物又可能缺乏足够的腐蚀抑制性质。
此外,当使用高固化温度(例如,约190℃或更高)时,用于飞机部件的冷加工工艺(例如,喷丸)将不会有效地赋予所述部件改善的机械性质。然而,飞机部件的标准工业涂层和它们相应的固化温度包括ALSEAL5K(260℃至315℃)、NOF金属涂层GEOMET321(288℃至315℃)、NOF金属涂层DACROMET(288℃至315℃)和Praxair SermeTelW(540℃至560℃)。
因此,需要开发一种无铬腐蚀抑制涂层,所述无铬腐蚀抑制涂层与常规的含六价铬的化合物相比可对抗冷加工工艺,可在低温下固化并且具有相同或更好的腐蚀抑制性质。
发明内容
公开了一种腐蚀抑制涂层,所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括:基底,所述基底包括硅酸盐基质,其中铝、铝合金或它们的组合存在于所述硅酸盐基质内;以及抑制剂,所述抑制剂包括:钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁、金属磷硅酸盐或它们的组合,其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层的固化温度为约20℃至约190℃,优选地为约20℃至约120℃。
还公开了一种涂布有所述腐蚀抑制涂层的基材。
附图说明
以下描述不应被视为以任何方式进行限制。参照附图,相似元件相似地进行编号:
图1是根据示例性实施方案的在基材上包括两个不同层的腐蚀抑制涂层的横截面;以及
图2是根据示例性实施方案的在基材上的混合的腐蚀抑制涂层的横截面。
具体实施方式
本文参照附图以例证而不是限制的方式呈现了公开的设备和方法的一个或多个实施方案的详细描述。
参照图1,多层结构10包括涂布在基材18上的腐蚀抑制涂层12。腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括涂布在基底14上的抑制剂16。基底14和抑制剂16可以是如图1所示的两个不同的层。参照图2的多层结构10,抑制剂16可以混合在基底14内以将腐蚀抑制涂层12形成为单层。腐蚀抑制涂层12可被涂布在基材18上。
腐蚀抑制涂层12可以是无铬腐蚀抑制涂层,例如与常规的含六价铬的化合物相比具有相同或更好的腐蚀抑制性质的无铬腐蚀抑制涂层。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以在广泛的应用、环境和温度下起作用。腐蚀抑制涂层12还是环境友好的。腐蚀抑制涂层12能够抑制金属的腐蚀,从而延长基材18的寿命。
如图1所示,例如,腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括基底14,基底14包括基质和基质内的金属。在本文中公开的涂层中,基底可包括硅酸盐基质,其中铝、铝合金或它们的组合存在于硅酸盐基质内。例如,硅酸盐基质可包括具有低固化温度(例如,小于约190℃)的硅酸盐。例如,硅酸盐基质可包括碱金属硅酸盐,例如硅酸钠、硅酸乙酯、硅酸钾、硅酸锂或它们的组合。存在于硅酸盐基质内的铝合金可包括例如铝-锌、铝-锌-铟或它们的组合。
腐蚀抑制涂层12还可包括抑制剂16。例如,抑制剂16可包括钼酸锌(ZnMoO4)、柠檬酸铈(例如三价柠檬酸铈(C6H5CeO7))、偏硅酸镁(MgO3Si)和金属磷硅酸盐。抑制剂16可呈粉末形式。
腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括按体积计约1%至约99%的基底14和按体积计约1%至约99%的抑制剂16。例如,腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括按体积计约70%至约95%的基底14和按体积计约5%至约30%的抑制剂16。腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括按体积计约85%至约95%的基底14和按体积计约5%至约15%的抑制剂16。腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括按体积计小于或等于约50%的抑制剂16。例如,腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括按体积计小于或等于约10%的抑制剂16。
抑制剂16可包括按重量计约0%至约100%的钼酸锌;按重量计约0%至约100%的柠檬酸铈,例如三价柠檬酸铈;按重量计约0%至约100%的偏硅酸镁;以及按重量计约0%至约100%的金属磷硅酸盐。例如,抑制剂16可包括按重量计约1%至约50%的钼酸锌;按重量计约1%至约50%的柠檬酸铈,例如三价柠檬酸铈;按重量计约1%至约50%的偏硅酸镁;以及按重量计约1%至约50%的金属磷硅酸盐。例如,抑制剂16可包括按重量计约25%的钼酸锌;按重量计约25%的柠檬酸铈;按重量计约25%的偏硅酸镁;以及按重量计约25%的金属磷硅酸盐。
抑制剂16可包括按重量计约1/3的钼酸锌;按重量计约1/3的偏硅酸镁;以及按重量计约1/3的金属磷硅酸盐。抑制剂16可包括按重量计约50%的钼酸锌;以及按重量计约50%的柠檬酸铈,例如三价柠檬酸铈。抑制剂16也可仅由四种成分组成,即,钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁和金属磷硅酸盐。例如,腐蚀抑制涂层12可包括0%的偏硅酸镁。腐蚀抑制涂层12也可包括0%的铬。
抑制剂16的金属磷硅酸盐可包括磷硅酸铝、磷硅酸锌、磷硅酸钙、磷硅酸锶或它们的组合。
抑制剂16可以混合在基底14内,例如以便形成如图2所示的单层12。例如,基底14的基质可用作抑制剂16的基质。基底14和抑制剂16也可以不混合,例如以便形成如图1所示的两个不同的层。在基底14和抑制剂16形成两个不同的层的情况下,抑制剂16可被涂布在基底14上,并且因此与基底14相比离基材18更远。
在基底14和抑制剂16形成两个不同的层的情况下,抑制剂16还可包括第二基质。例如,抑制剂16可包括混合在第二基质内的按体积计约0%至约50%的钼酸锌;按体积计约0%至约50%的柠檬酸铈,例如三价柠檬酸铈;按体积计约0%至约50%的偏硅酸镁;以及按体积计约0%至约50%的金属磷硅酸盐。例如,第二基质可大于或等于抑制剂16的按体积计的约50%。例如,第二基质可包括硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或它们的组合。例如,合适的陶瓷可包括氧化铝、氧化铍、二氧化铈、氧化锆、碳化物、硼化物、氮化物和硅化物。
腐蚀抑制涂层12的固化温度将根据所使用的特定基质而变化。例如,硅酸盐、环氧树脂和陶瓷基质的固化温度可能不同。固化时间也可能随固化温度而变化。例如,如果使用较高的固化温度,则需要较少的固化时间。
在将抑制剂16混合在基底14内以便形成单层的情况下,腐蚀抑制涂层12可在与所使用的基质相对应的单一温度下固化。在基底14和抑制剂16形成两个不同的层的情况下,可使用与用于每一层的基质相对应的两个不同的固化温度。例如,基底14可在第一温度下固化,随后添加抑制剂16并在第二温度下固化。例如,腐蚀抑制涂层的固化温度可以是约20℃至约190℃,例如约20℃至约120℃,例如约20℃至约100℃。
可将腐蚀抑制涂层12涂布到基材18上,其中基材是经过喷丸的零件。喷丸可指用于产生压缩残余应力层并修改金属和复合材料的机械性质的冷加工工艺。它可能需要用足以产生塑性变形的力用弹丸(例如,圆形金属、玻璃或陶瓷颗粒)撞击表面。对表面进行喷丸能够扩展其塑性,从而致使表面的机械性质发生变化。它能够避免微裂纹从表面传播。这种裂纹不会在处于压缩应力下的材料中传播;喷丸能够在表面中产生这种应力。
基材18可包括钢、铝、锌、镁、这些金属的合金或它们的组合。例如,基材18可包括这些金属的合金。腐蚀抑制涂层12可在广泛的应用和环境温度下起作用。例如,基材18可以是飞机部件。例如,飞机部件可以是螺旋桨桨叶、螺旋桨叶柄、螺旋桨毂、螺旋桨筒、螺旋桨叶根、起落装置部件、发动机齿轮、发动机盘、轴(例如发动机轴)、支柱或配重。
因此,本公开提供了一种无铬腐蚀抑制涂层,所述无铬腐蚀抑制涂层与常规的含六价铬的化合物相比可对抗冷加工工艺,可在低温下固化并且具有相同或更好的腐蚀抑制性质。
术语“约”旨在包括基于申请本申请之时可用的设备的与特定数量的测量相关联的误差程度。
本文中所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施方案的目的,而不旨在限制本公开。如本文中所使用,除非上下文另外明确指示,否则单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“所述”旨在包括复数形式。还应理解,当在本说明书中使用时,术语“包括(comprises和/或comprising)”指定所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在(并且涵盖“由……组成(consist(s)of和consisting of)”、“基本由……组成(consist(s)essentially of和consistingessentially of)”),但是不一定排除一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件部件和/或它们的群组的存在或添加。
虽然已经参照一个或多个示例性实施方案描述了本公开,但本领域技术人员应理解,在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变并可用等效物取代本公开的元件。此外,在不脱离本公开的基本范围的情况下,可进行许多修改以使特定情形或材料适应本公开的教导。因此,本公开无意限于作为预期用于实施本公开的最佳模式而公开的特定实施方案,而是本公开将包括落入权利要求书的范围内的所有实施方案。
Claims (15)
1.一种腐蚀抑制涂层,所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括:
基底,所述基底包括硅酸盐基质,其中铝、铝合金或它们的组合存在于所述硅酸盐基质内;以及
抑制剂,所述抑制剂包括:
钼酸锌,
柠檬酸铈,
偏硅酸镁,
金属磷硅酸盐或它们的组合,
其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层的固化温度为约20℃至约190℃,优选地为约20℃至约120℃。
2.如权利要求1所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括:
按体积计约70%至约95%的基底;以及
按体积计约5%至约30%的抑制剂。
3.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括按体积计小于或等于约10%的抑制剂。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述抑制剂由以下各项组成:
钼酸锌;
柠檬酸铈;
偏硅酸镁;
金属磷硅酸盐或它们的组合。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述硅酸盐基质包括碱金属硅酸盐,优选地为硅酸钠、硅酸乙酯、硅酸钾、硅酸锂或它们的组合。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述抑制剂包括:
按重量计约1%至约50%,优选地约25%的钼酸锌;
按重量计约1%至约50%,优选地约25%的柠檬酸铈;
按重量计约1%至约50%,优选地约25%的偏硅酸镁;以及
按重量计约1%至约50%,优选地约25%的金属磷硅酸盐。
7.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括0%的铬、0%的偏硅酸镁或它们的组合。
8.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述铝合金包括铝-锌、铝-锌-铟或它们的组合。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述抑制剂混合在所述基底内。
10.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述基底和所述抑制剂是两个不同的层。
11.如权利要求10所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,其中所述抑制剂被涂布在所述基底上。
12.如权利要求10或权利要求11所述的腐蚀抑制涂层,所述腐蚀抑制涂层还包括第二基质,其中所述抑制剂混合在所述第二基质内。
13.一种涂布有如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层的基材,其中所述基材是经过喷丸的零件。
14.如权利要求13所述的基材,其中所述基材包括钢、铝、锌、镁、钢合金、铝合金、锌合金、镁合金或它们的组合。
15.如权利要求13或权利要求14所述的基材,其中所述基材是飞机部件,优选地其中所述飞机部件是螺旋桨桨叶、螺旋桨叶柄、螺旋桨毂、螺旋桨筒、螺旋桨叶根、起落装置部件、发动机齿轮、发动机盘、轴、支柱或配重。
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