CN111303670A - 无铬腐蚀抑制涂层 - Google Patents

无铬腐蚀抑制涂层 Download PDF

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CN111303670A
CN111303670A CN201911262714.9A CN201911262714A CN111303670A CN 111303670 A CN111303670 A CN 111303670A CN 201911262714 A CN201911262714 A CN 201911262714A CN 111303670 A CN111303670 A CN 111303670A
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corrosion inhibiting
inhibiting coating
substrate
weight
layer
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T.朱
B.A.史密斯
张伟龙
M.A.克里斯曼
G.S.扎菲里斯
B.A.范哈塞尔
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Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
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Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
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Abstract

公开了一种腐蚀抑制涂层，其包括：基底，所述基底包含基质和在所述基质内的金属；以及抑制层，所述抑制层包含：钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁、金属磷酸硅酸盐或其组合，其中所述基质内的金属包括铝、铝合金、锌、锌合金、镁、镁合金或其组合。还公开了一种涂覆有所述腐蚀抑制涂层的基材。

Description

无铬腐蚀抑制涂层
背景技术
示例性实施方案涉及腐蚀抑制涂层的领域，更特别地，涉及用于飞机部件的无铬腐蚀抑制涂层。
在航空航天应用中合金需要腐蚀防护。用于高操作温度的常规牺牲腐蚀抑制涂层是基于铝陶瓷漆料的，其中六价铬化合物添加剂作为腐蚀抑制层。然而，全世界的政府机构都认为含六价铬化合物是环境有害物。此外，无铬化合物可能缺乏足够的腐蚀抑制特性。
因此，需要开发与常规含六价铬化合物相比具有相同或更好的腐蚀抑制特性的无铬腐蚀抑制涂层。
发明内容
公开了一种腐蚀抑制涂层，其包括：基底，所述基底包含基质和在所述基质内的金属；以及抑制层，所述抑制层包含：钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁、金属磷酸硅酸盐或其组合，其中所述基质内的金属包括铝、铝合金、锌、锌合金、镁、镁合金或其组合。
还公开了一种涂覆有所述腐蚀抑制涂层的基材。
附图说明
以下描述不应当被认为以任何方式进行限制。参考附图，相似元件编号相似：
图1是根据示例性实施方案的腐蚀抑制涂层的截面，所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括在基材上的两个不同的层；并且
图2是根据示例性实施方案的在基材上的混合腐蚀抑制涂层的截面。
具体实施方式
本文中参考附图以举例而非限制的方式呈现了所公开的设备和方法的一个或多个实施方案的详细描述。
参见图1，多层结构10包括涂覆在基材18上的腐蚀抑制涂层12。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括涂覆在基底14上的抑制层16。基底14和抑制层16可以是两个不同的层，如图1所示。参见图2的多层结构10，抑制层16可以混合在基底14内以形成作为单层的腐蚀抑制涂层12。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以涂覆在基材18上。
腐蚀抑制涂层12可以是无铬腐蚀抑制涂层，例如无铬酸盐腐蚀抑制涂层，与常规含六价铬化合物相比具有相同或更好的腐蚀抑制特性。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以在广范围的应用、环境和温度下起作用。腐蚀抑制涂层12还是环境友好的。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以抑制对金属的腐蚀，从而延长基材18的寿命。
如图1所示，例如，腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括基底14，所述基底包含基质和在所述基质内的金属。在本文公开的涂层中，基质可以包含任何合适的硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。例如，合适的陶瓷可以包括氧化铝、氧化铍、氧化铈、氧化锆、碳化物、硼化物、氮化物和硅化物。所述基质内的金属可以包括铝、铝合金、锌、锌合金、镁、镁合金或其组合。
腐蚀抑制涂层12还可以包括抑制层16。例如，抑制层16可以包含钼酸锌(ZnMoO4)、柠檬酸铈(例如柠檬酸三价铈(C6H5CeO7))、偏硅酸镁(MgO3Si)和金属磷酸硅酸盐。抑制层16可以呈粉末的形式。
腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括按体积计约1％至约99％的基底14和按体积计约1％至约99％的抑制层16。例如，腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括按体积计约70％至约95％的基底14和按体积计约5％至约30％的抑制层16。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括按体积计约85％至约95％的基底14和按体积计约5％至约15％的抑制层16。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括按体积计小于或等于约50％的抑制层16。例如，腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包括按体积计小于或等于约10％的抑制层16。
抑制层16可以包含按重量计约0％至约100％的钼酸锌；按重量计约0％至约100％的柠檬酸铈，例如柠檬酸三价铈；按重量计约0％至约100％的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约0％至约100％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。例如，抑制层16可以包含按重量计约1％至约50％的钼酸锌；按重量计约1％至约50％的柠檬酸铈，例如柠檬酸三价铈；按重量计约1％至约50％的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约1％至约50％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。例如，抑制层16可以包含按重量计约25％的钼酸锌；按重量计约25％柠檬酸铈；按重量计约25％的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约25％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。
抑制层16可以包含按重量计约1/3的钼酸锌；按重量计约1/3的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约1/3的金属磷酸硅酸盐。抑制层16可以包含按重量计约50％的钼酸锌；和按重量计约50％的柠檬酸铈，例如柠檬酸三价铈。抑制层16也可以仅由四种组分组成，所述组分即钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁和金属磷酸硅酸盐。例如，腐蚀抑制涂层12可以包含0％的钼酸镁。腐蚀抑制涂层12还可以包含0％的铬。
抑制层16的金属磷酸硅酸盐可以包括磷酸硅酸铝、磷酸硅酸锌、磷酸硅酸钙、磷酸硅酸锶或其组合。
抑制层16可以混合在基底14内，例如以便形成单层12，如图2所示。例如，基底14的基质可以用作抑制层16的基质。基底14和抑制层16也可以不混合，例如以便形成两个不同的层，如图1所示。在基底14和抑制层16形成两个不同的层的情况下，抑制层16可以涂覆在基底14上并且因此比基底14更远离基材18。
在基底14和抑制层16形成两个不同的层的情况下，抑制层16可以进一步包括第二基质。例如，抑制层16可以包含按体积计约0％至约50％的钼酸锌；按体积计约0％至约50％的柠檬酸铈，例如柠檬酸三价铈；按体积计约0％至约50％的偏硅酸镁；和按体积计约0％至约50％的金属磷酸硅酸盐，混合在第二基质内。例如，第二基质可以是按抑制层16的体积计大于或等于约50％。例如，第二基质可以包含硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。
腐蚀抑制涂层12的固化温度将根据所使用的特定基质而变化。例如，固化温度可以因硅酸盐、环氧树脂和陶瓷基质而不同。固化持续时间也可以随固化温度而变化。例如，如果使用较高的固化温度，则需要较少的固化时间。
在抑制层16混合在基底14内以便形成单层的情况下，腐蚀抑制涂层12可以在与所使用的基质对应的单一温度下固化。在基底14和抑制层16形成两个不同的层的情况下，可以使用两种不同的固化温度，对应于每个层所用的基质。例如，基底14可以在第一温度下固化，随后添加抑制层16并且在第二温度下固化。例如，固化温度可以是约20℃至约200℃。
可以将腐蚀抑制涂层12涂覆在基材18上。例如，基材18可以包括钢、铝、锌、镁或其组合。例如，基材18可以包括这些金属的合金。腐蚀抑制涂层12可以在广范围的应用和环境温度下起作用。例如，基材18可以是飞机部件。例如，所述飞机部件可以是螺旋桨叶片、螺旋桨柄、螺旋桨毂、螺旋桨筒、螺旋桨郁金香型件(propellertulip)、起落架部件，发动机齿轮、发动机盘、轴(例如发动机轴)、支柱或配重。
下文阐述的是前述公开的一些实施方案：
实施方案1.一种腐蚀抑制涂层，包括：基底，所述基底包含基质和在所述基质内的金属；以及抑制层。所述抑制层包含：钼酸锌、柠檬酸铈、偏硅酸镁、金属磷酸硅酸盐或其组合。所述基质内的金属包括铝、铝合金、锌、锌合金、镁、镁合金或其组合。
实施方案2.如实施方案1所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述基质包含硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。
实施方案3.如实施方案1或2所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括：按体积计约70％至约95％的基底；和按体积计约5％至约30％的抑制层。
实施方案4.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括按体积计小于或等于约10％的抑制层。
实施方案5.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层由以下组成：钼酸锌；柠檬酸铈；偏硅酸镁；和金属磷酸硅酸盐。
实施方案6.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层包含：按重量计约25％的钼酸锌；按重量计约25％柠檬酸铈；按重量计约25％的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约25％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。
实施方案7.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层包含：按重量计约1％至约50％的钼酸锌；按重量计约1％至约50％的柠檬酸铈；按重量计约1％至约50％的偏硅酸镁；和按重量计约1％至约50％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。
实施方案8.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包含0％的铬。
实施方案9.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包含0％的钼酸镁。
实施方案10.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述金属磷酸硅酸盐包括磷酸硅酸铝、磷酸硅酸锌、磷酸硅酸钙、磷酸硅酸锶或其组合。
实施方案11.如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层是粉末。
实施方案12.如实施方案1至11中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层混合在所述基底内。
实施方案13.如实施方案1至11中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述基底和所述抑制层是两个不同的层。
实施方案14.如实施方案13所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层涂覆在所述基底上。
实施方案15.如实施方案13或实施方案14所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其进一步包括第二基质，其中所述抑制层混合在所述第二基质内。
实施方案16.如实施方案15所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述第二基质包含硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。
实施方案17.一种涂覆有如前述实施方案中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层的基材。
实施方案18.如实施方案17所述的基材，其中所述基材包括钢、铝、锌、镁或其组合。
实施方案19.如实施方案17或实施方案18所述的基材，其中所述基材是飞机部件。
实施方案20.如实施方案19所述的基材，其中所述飞机部件是螺旋桨叶片、螺旋桨柄、螺旋桨毂、螺旋桨筒、螺旋桨郁金香型件、起落架部件、发动机齿轮、发动机盘、轴、支柱或配重。
术语“约”旨在包括基于提交本申请时可用的设备与特定量的测量相关联的误差程度。
本文使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施方案的目的，并且不旨在限制本公开。如本文所用，除非在上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“所述”还旨在包括复数形式。应进一步理解的是，当在说明书中使用时，术语“包括”和/或“包含”指定存在所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件(并且涵盖“由......组成”和“基本上由......组成”)，但不一定排除存在或增加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件部件和/或其组合。
虽然已经参考一个或多个示例性实施方案描述了本公开，但是本领域技术人员应理解，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，可进行各种改变并且可用等效物替代其元件。另外，在不脱离本公开实质范围的情况下，可进行许多修改以使特定的情况或材料适应本公开的教导。因此，希望本公开不限于公开作为预期用于实施本公开的最佳模式的特定实施方案，而是希望本公开将包括落在权利要求范围内的所有实施方案。

Claims (15)

1.一种腐蚀抑制涂层，其包括：
基底，所述基底包含基质和在所述基质内的金属；以及
抑制层，所述抑制层包含：
钼酸锌、
柠檬酸铈、
偏硅酸镁、和
金属磷酸硅酸盐或其组合，
其中所述基质内的金属包括铝、铝合金、锌、锌合金、镁、镁合金或其组合。
2.如权利要求1所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述基质包含硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包括：
按体积计约70％至约95％的基底；和
按体积计约5％至约30％的抑制层，优选按体积计小于或等于约10％的抑制层。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层由以下组成：
钼酸锌；
柠檬酸铈；
偏硅酸镁；和
金属磷酸硅酸盐。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层包含：
按重量计约25％的钼酸锌；
按重量计约25％的柠檬酸铈；
按重量计约25％的偏硅酸镁；和
按重量计约25％的金属磷酸硅酸盐；
或者，所述抑制层包含：
按重量计约1％至约50％的钼酸锌；
按重量计约1％至约50％的柠檬酸铈；
按重量计约1％至约50％的偏硅酸镁；和
按重量计约1％至约50％的金属磷酸硅酸盐。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述腐蚀抑制涂层包含0％的铬；或者包含0％的钼酸镁。
7.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述金属磷酸硅酸盐包括磷酸硅酸铝、磷酸硅酸锌、磷酸硅酸钙、磷酸硅酸锶或其组合。
8.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层是粉末。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述抑制层混合在所述基底内；或者所述基底和所述抑制层是两个不同的层，且优选所述抑制层涂覆在所述基底上。
10.如权利要求9所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其进一步包括第二基质，其中所述抑制层混合在所述第二基质内。
11.如权利要求10所述的腐蚀抑制涂层，其中所述第二基质包含硅酸盐、环氧树脂、陶瓷或其组合。
12.一种涂覆有如前述权利要求中任一项所述的腐蚀抑制涂层的基材。
13.如权利要求12所述的基材，其中所述基材包括钢、铝、锌、镁或其组合。
14.如权利要求12或权利要求13所述的基材，其中所述基材是飞机部件。
15.如权利要求14所述的基材，其中所述飞机部件是螺旋桨叶片、螺旋桨柄、螺旋桨毂、螺旋桨筒、螺旋桨郁金香型件、起落架部件、发动机齿轮、发动机盘、轴、支柱或配重。
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