CN111735933A - Ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device and application thereof - Google Patents
Ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111735933A CN111735933A CN202010626272.8A CN202010626272A CN111735933A CN 111735933 A CN111735933 A CN 111735933A CN 202010626272 A CN202010626272 A CN 202010626272A CN 111735933 A CN111735933 A CN 111735933A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation experiment device for ecological restoration of slope stability of a tailing dam and application thereof. The experimental device comprises: the brick groove is structurally provided with an artificial rainfall device, the brick groove structure is internally provided with a monitoring system, the artificial rainfall device is connected with a temperature and illumination composite device, and the brick groove structure is internally provided with a drainage device. The device is used for carrying out ecological restoration experiments, the effects of plant types and root system structures on the influence of slope water temperature and soil fixation are analyzed, artificial rainfall and sunlight environments are simulated, corresponding detection elements are arranged to measure the change environments such as slope displacement, stress, pore pressure and temperature, geotechnical model experiments of seepage fields, temperature fields and slope deformation of the tailing dam are carried out, and important guiding significance is achieved for ensuring safe production of mine enterprises and improving the ecological restoration effect by researching the slope stability of the plant restoration tailing dam and accurately implementing mine ecological restoration engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slope stability simulation test device for an ecological restoration tailing dam and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mine ecological environment engineering.
Background
With the rapid growth of mining production, the tailing dam is used as an important component of a production facility of a concentrating mill, the quantity of the tailing dam is continuously increased, the height of the tailing dam is increased along with the growth of mining demand, the tailing dam is unstable and breaks, normal production operation of a mine is seriously influenced, and serious threat can be caused to local industrial and agricultural production and life and property safety of people, so that the analysis and comprehensive evaluation research significance on the slope stability of the tailing dam is important. The traditional tailing pond simulation device can only simulate the structure of a single tailing dam and cannot provide the stability and ecological restoration effect parameters of a multi-structure dam body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a simulation test device for the stability of the side slope of an ecological restoration tailing dam and application thereof.
In order to solve the above problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an ecological remediation tailing dam slope stability analogue test device, the structural artificial rainfall device that is equipped with of brick groove, the inside monitoring system that is equipped with of brick groove structure is connected with temperature illumination set composite on the artificial rainfall device, the inside drainage device that is equipped with of brick groove structure.
The brick groove structure is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that four groove bodies are formed, a tailing dam with slope angles of 30 degrees, 25 degrees, 20 degrees or 15 degrees is filled in the first groove body, and a stability model experiment of a plain tailing dam side slope is carried out; and uniformly arranging a gravel layer with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the brick groove structure, and paving a permeable gauze above the gravel layer.
And the second, third and fourth groove bodies in the brick groove structure are all filled with the tailing dam corresponding to the slope angle of the first groove body, and arbor, shrub and grass plants are respectively planted for analyzing the influence of different plant types on the slope stability of the tailing dam.
The structure of the artificial rainfall device is as follows: by the water pump, the cuboid water tank, the aluminum alloy spray pipe, water tank support and aluminum alloy spray pipe support are constituteed, the cuboid water tank is located brick groove structure one side, be equipped with the inlet tube on the water tank, the rectangle water tank passes through the aqueduct with brick groove structure and is connected, four angle departments at brick groove structure are fixed respectively to aluminum alloy spray pipe support one end, the other end upwards extends and constitutes the cube structure, the aluminum alloy spray pipe is as the aqueduct, fix on the spray pipe support through U type bolt, intertube interval 100mm, be 2m from box top vertical distance, evenly drill on the aluminum alloy body, under drilling towards, the hole interval is 50mm, the aperture is 2mm, adopt the immersible pump of adjustable water yield size as power device, through adjusting water pump displacement, simulate light rain, the middle rain, heavy rain, the rainfall volume of torrential rain and heavy torre.
The monitoring system is as follows: and a pore water pressure gauge, a soil pressure box, a displacement mark and a temperature sensor are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the tailing dam in the groove body structure and are used for monitoring the moisture, the temperature, the pressure and the displacement of the slope.
The structure of the temperature illumination composite device is as follows: the device consists of ultraviolet lamps and a lamp heating type bathroom heater, wherein the ultraviolet lamps are fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of brick grooves of four tailing dams and are positioned at two ends above the groove body; the lamp-heating bath heater adopts 275W hard quartz explosion-proof bulbs and is fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of four tanks, and one lamp-heating bath heater is arranged in the middle above each tank body.
Brick groove structure set up the base, every brick groove bottom sets up the PVC drain pipe of 1 strip drain pipe valve, the drain pipe sets up the slope and is 2%. And (3) punching a hole on the drain pipe, wrapping the drain pipe by using geotextile-100-mesh copper net-geotextile, tightening a polyethylene rope, and arranging a drain pipe valve at the outlet of the brick groove structure.
The application of the ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device comprises the following steps: 1) three dial gauges are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the slope to measure the displacement conditions of three positions in the experimental process; 2) the method comprises the steps of (1) utilizing a soil pressure cell and a pore water pressure gauge to be vertically arranged downwards in the middle of a slope surface to measure the stress and pore pressure inside a slope toe and a side slope, and utilizing an arranged temperature sensor to evaluate the influence of rainfall-illumination cycle on the stability of the side slope; 3) the rainfall simulation and sunshine environment are respectively in a period of 14 days, the rainfall simulation environment is carried out for 7 days, the sunshine environment is simulated for 7 days, 3 circulation processes are carried out in total, the slope moisture, temperature and slope displacement rainfall simulation environment are monitored every 3 hours in the test process, the slope temperature is 10-20 ℃ in the rainfall simulation period, the sunshine environment simulation test process is carried out, the power supply is switched on at night in daytime, and the slope is subjected to sunshine simulation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method can achieve the effect of multiple purposes of a model, effectively evaluate the influence on the slope stability in the rainfall-illumination circulation process, analyze the effects of influence on slope hydrology and soil fixation effect such as plant types and root system configurations, simulate the geotechnical model experiment of seepage field, temperature field and slope deformation of the tailing dam in artificial rainfall and sunlight environments, study the slope stability of the phytoremediation tailing dam, accurately implement the mine ecological remediation engineering, ensure the safe production of mine enterprises and have important guiding significance for improving the ecological remediation effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation test device for stability of a side slope of an ecological restoration tailing dam.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the brick and groove structure.
Fig. 2-1 is a schematic diagram of a tailing dam structure with a slope angle of 30 degrees.
Fig. 2-2 is a schematic diagram of a tailing dam structure with a slope angle of 25 degrees.
Fig. 2-3 are schematic structural views of tailings dams with slope angles of 20 degrees.
Fig. 2-4 are schematic structural views of tailings dams with 15-degree slope toe.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a model device installation position.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution positions of model device temperature sensors.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the ecological remediation tailing dam slope stability simulation test device is characterized in that an artificial rainfall device 1 is arranged on a brick groove structure 9, a monitoring system is arranged inside the brick groove structure 9, a temperature illumination composite device 13 is connected to the artificial rainfall device 1, and a drainage device is arranged inside the brick groove structure 9.
As shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4, the brick and groove structure 9 is: the method comprises the following steps of filling a tailing dam with slope angles of 30 degrees, 25 degrees, 20 degrees or 15 degrees in a first groove body, performing a stability model experiment on a slope of a plain tailing dam, wherein the slope is 1.2m in height, and the corresponding horizontal distances are 2.2m, 2.6m, 3.3m and 4.4m respectively; a gravel layer 16 with the thickness of 10cm is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the brick groove structure 9, and water-permeable gauze is laid above the gravel layer 16. The brick groove structure 9 is a cuboid integrally, five surfaces are sealed, the top is open, the size of the inner boundary is 6m multiplied by 7m multiplied by 1.8m, the left, right, front and back surfaces of the box body structure are built by cement bricks, and the outer surface is plastered by cement mortar.
And the second, third and fourth groove bodies in the brick groove structure 9 are all filled with the tailing dam corresponding to the slope angle of the first groove body, and arbor, shrub and grass plants are respectively planted for analyzing the influence of different plant types on the slope stability of the tailing dam.
The brick groove structure 9 is provided with a base 7 with the height of 300mm, the bottom of the brick groove structure is used as an anti-seepage surface, and 425# cement is used; every brick groove bottom sets up the PVC drain pipe 8 of 1 strip drain pipe 8 valves, and two borders 750mm set up about the ion channel respectively, and 8 inside diameters of drain pipe 90mm, length 7.5m, drain pipe 8 set up the slope and be 2%, punch on drain pipe 8, and a hole is made every 25mm to hole internal diameter 10mm, with 400g/m2The drain pipe 8 is wrapped by geotextile-100-mesh copper net-geotextile, the polyethylene rope is tightened, and the drain pipe valve 6 is arranged at the outlet of the brick groove.
As shown in fig. 1, the artificial rainfall device 1 has the following structure: the water tank 4 is 5m multiplied by 1.1m multiplied by 0.8m in size and is formed by welding 5mm steel plates, and the water tank bracket 5 is formed by welding 50mm multiplied by 4mm square steel pipes with the height of 1.8 m; an aluminum alloy pipe with the inner diameter of 10mm is used as a water flow pipeline and is fixed on a spray pipe support 10 through a U-shaped bolt, the distance between pipes is 100mm, the vertical distance from the top of a box body is 2m, holes are uniformly drilled on the aluminum alloy pipe body, the drilled holes face to the right lower side, the hole distance is 50mm, the hole diameter is 2mm, the aluminum alloy pipe is connected to a water outlet hole at the bottom of a water tank 4 through a phi 20mm rubber pipe, the spray pipe support 10 is formed by welding square steel pipes with the diameter of 50mm multiplied by 4mm, the height is 4m, a cuboid water tank 4 is positioned on one side of a brick groove structure 9, a water inlet pipe 15 is arranged on the water tank 4, the rectangular water tank 4 is connected with the brick groove structure 9 through a water guide pipe 3, one end of the aluminum alloy spray pipe support 10 is respectively fixed at four corners of the, intertube interval 100mm is 2m from box top vertical distance, evenly drills on the aluminum alloy body, under drilling towards, the hole interval is 50mm, and the aperture is 2mm, adopts the water pump 2 of adjustable water yield size as power device, through adjusting the water pump 2 displacement, the rainfall water yield of simulation little rain, well rain, heavy rain, torrential rain and heavy torrential rain.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the monitoring system is: and a pore water pressure gauge, a soil pressure box, a displacement mark and a temperature sensor are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the tailing dam in the groove body structure and are used for monitoring the moisture, the temperature, the pressure and the displacement of the slope.
The structure of the temperature illumination composite device 13 is as follows: the device consists of ultraviolet lamps 12 and a lamp warm type bathroom heater 14, wherein the ultraviolet lamps 12 are fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of brick grooves of four tailing dams and are positioned at two ends above the groove body; the lamp-heating type bathroom heater 14 adopts 275W hard quartz explosion-proof bulbs and is fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of four tanks, and one lamp-heating type bathroom heater 14 for each tank body is placed in the middle of the upper portion of each tank body.
During soil filling, the tailings in the groove are filled by adopting a tailings reservoir area, an initial dam and a rock-soil matrix of a filling dam collected on site, before the soil filling, a gravel layer 16 with the thickness of 10cm is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the brick groove, and water permeable gauze is laid on the gravel layer to ensure that the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil at the bottom of the brick groove are close to the natural state; filling the soil of the tailing dam on gauze, and in order to take account of tailing sand at different positions, taking reference to the actual dam body structure of a tailing pond, excavating the soil in a mode of randomly excavating a burial depth of 2m by a profile method during field sampling of the tailing pond, ensuring that the field original soil is filled into a separation area in a layered mode as far as possible during artificial filling, filling the soil while compacting the soil and ensuring that the filling thickness of each part is uniform as far as possible, harrowing the surface of the lower soil layer before filling the upper soil layer after filling and compacting one layer, and then filling the upper soil layer again to ensure that the contact surfaces of the two soil layers are uniform and consistent, and also paying attention to the fact that the soil surface is kept flat; after filling, the outer slope of the accumulated dam is respectively set at slope angles of 30 degrees, 25 degrees, 20 degrees and 15 degrees for filling, the inner slope is cut at the slope of 5 degrees, and in the tailing model filling process, the four groove bodies are all embedded with a pore water pressure gauge U1-8; 1-8 of an earth pressure gauge; a displacement mark S1-8; and a temperature sensor T1-14 for monitoring the water content, pressure, temperature and slope displacement in the slope.
The model temperature illumination composite device 13 consists of 24 ultraviolet lamps 12 and 4 lamp warm type bath heaters 14, wherein the ultraviolet lamps 12 are fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of four tailing dam brick grooves, so that the sunlight illumination simulation effect is achieved; the lamp-heating type bathroom heater 14 adopts 275W hard quartz explosion-proof bulbs, is fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks in four tanks, has one lamp-heating type bathroom heater 14 in each tank body, and integrates the functions of temperature rise, illumination and the like.
The application of the ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device comprises the following steps: 1) three dial gauges are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the slope to measure the displacement conditions of three positions in the experimental process; 2) the method comprises the steps of (1) utilizing a soil pressure cell and a pore water pressure gauge to be vertically arranged downwards in the middle of a slope surface to measure the stress and pore pressure inside a slope toe and a side slope, and utilizing an arranged temperature sensor to evaluate the influence of rainfall-illumination cycle on the stability of the side slope; 3) the rainfall simulation and sunshine environment are respectively in a period of 14 days, the rainfall simulation environment is carried out for 7 days, the sunshine environment is simulated for 7 days, 3 circulation processes are carried out in total, the slope moisture, temperature and slope displacement rainfall simulation environment are monitored every 3 hours in the test process, the slope temperature is 10-20 ℃ in the rainfall simulation period, the sunshine environment simulation test process is carried out, the power supply is switched on at night in daytime, and the slope is subjected to sunshine simulation.
Example (b): (1) rainfall infiltration stability analysis experimental method
1) Before rainfall, the water discharge of the water pump 2 needs to be adjusted, the measuring cylinder is used for collecting rainwater at 3 different positions of a side slope, the measuring cylinder is taken out when the time reaches 5min, the rainfall is read and converted into the rainfall intensity, then the three data are averaged to obtain the objective rainfall intensity, the objective rainfall intensity is compared with the required rainfall intensity, then the water discharge of the water pump 2 is adjusted, the rainfall is measured again for 5min, the rainfall intensity is converted, and the steps are repeated until the required rainfall intensity is reached;
2) researching the influence of different rainfall duration and different rainfall intensity on the slope stability: with reference to the rainfall intensity standard of the national weather administration, the rainfall intensity is selected to be 0.3 mm.h-1、1 mm·h-1、2 mm·h-1、4 mm·h-1、10 mm·h-1The rainfall time is respectively 200h, 60h, 30h, 15h and 6h, the rainfall intensity and the rainfall duration are combined differently, and the stability of the tailings dam slope under the conditions of low-intensity long duration, high-intensity short duration, different rainfall intensities during the same rainfall duration, equal rainfall intensity and different rainfall durations can be researched;
3) tracking and observing the erosion condition of rainwater on the slope surface in the rainfall process every time according to the actual working condition, measuring and reading the soil pressure, the pore water pressure and the displacement of the critical position of the slope by adopting a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge and a laser range finder, and reading once after the rainfall is finished every time;
(2) experiment for simulating stress and displacement response under rainfall-illumination cycle
1) Three dial gauges are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the slope to measure the displacement conditions of three positions in the experimental process; the method is characterized in that a soil pressure cell and a pore water pressure gauge are vertically and downwards arranged in the middle of the slope surface to measure the stress and pore pressure inside a slope toe and a side slope, and meanwhile, an arranged temperature sensor is utilized to evaluate the influence of rainfall-illumination cycle process on the stability of the side slope.
2) And the rainfall simulation and the sunshine environment are respectively carried out in a period of 14 d, the rainfall simulation environment is carried out in 7d, the sunshine environment is simulated in 7d, and 3 circulation processes are carried out in total. In the test process, the water content, the temperature and the slope displacement in the slope are monitored every 3 hours to simulate the rainfall environment, and the slope temperature is 10-20 ℃ during the rainfall simulation period. The sunshine environment simulation test process, night switch on the power daytime, carry out the sunshine simulation to domatic.
What has been described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and they should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ecological remediation tailing dam slope stability analogue test device which characterized in that: the brick groove is structurally provided with an artificial rainfall device, the brick groove structure is internally provided with a monitoring system, the artificial rainfall device is connected with a temperature and illumination composite device, and the brick groove structure is internally provided with a drainage device.
2. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the brick groove structure is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that four groove bodies are formed, a tailing dam with slope angles of 30 degrees, 25 degrees, 20 degrees or 15 degrees is filled in the first groove body, and a stability model experiment of a plain tailing dam side slope is carried out; and uniformly arranging a gravel layer with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the brick groove structure, and paving a permeable gauze above the gravel layer.
3. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 2, characterized in that: and the second, third and fourth groove bodies in the brick groove structure are all filled with the tailing dam corresponding to the slope angle of the first groove body, and arbor, shrub and grass plants are respectively planted for analyzing the influence of different plant types on the slope stability of the tailing dam.
4. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the artificial rainfall device is as follows: by the water pump, the cuboid water tank, the aluminum alloy spray pipe, water tank support and aluminum alloy spray pipe support are constituteed, the cuboid water tank is located brick groove structure one side, be equipped with the inlet tube on the water tank, the rectangle water tank passes through the aqueduct with brick groove structure and is connected, four angle departments at brick groove structure are fixed respectively to aluminum alloy spray pipe support one end, the other end upwards extends and constitutes the cube structure, the aluminum alloy spray pipe is as the aqueduct, fix on the spray pipe support through U type bolt, intertube interval 100mm, be 2m from box top vertical distance, evenly drill on the aluminum alloy body, under drilling towards, the hole interval is 50mm, the aperture is 2mm, adopt the immersible pump of adjustable water yield size as power device, through adjusting water pump displacement, simulate light rain, the middle rain, heavy rain, the rainfall volume of torrential rain and heavy torre.
5. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the monitoring system is as follows: and a pore water pressure gauge, a soil pressure box, a displacement mark and a temperature sensor are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the tailing dam in the groove body structure and are used for monitoring the moisture, the temperature, the pressure and the displacement of the slope.
6. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the temperature illumination composite device is as follows: the device consists of ultraviolet lamps and a lamp heating type bathroom heater, wherein the ultraviolet lamps are fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of brick grooves of four tailing dams and are positioned at two ends above the groove body; the lamp-heating bath heater adopts 275W hard quartz explosion-proof bulbs and is fixed at the top ends of rainfall racks of four tanks, and one lamp-heating bath heater is arranged in the middle above each tank body.
7. The ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: brick groove structure set up the base, every brick groove bottom sets up the PVC drain pipe of 1 strip drain pipe valve, the drain pipe sets up the slope and is 2%. And (3) punching a hole on the drain pipe, wrapping the drain pipe by using geotextile-100-mesh copper net-geotextile, tightening a polyethylene rope, and arranging a drain pipe valve at the outlet of the brick groove structure.
8. The application of the ecological restoration tailing dam slope stability simulation test device of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) three dial gauges are arranged at the toe, the middle part and the shoulder of the slope to measure the displacement conditions of three positions in the experimental process; 2) the method comprises the steps of (1) utilizing a soil pressure cell and a pore water pressure gauge to be vertically arranged downwards in the middle of a slope surface to measure the stress and pore pressure inside a slope toe and a side slope, and utilizing an arranged temperature sensor to evaluate the influence of rainfall-illumination cycle on the stability of the side slope; 3) the rainfall simulation and sunshine environment are respectively in a period of 14 days, the rainfall simulation environment is carried out for 7 days, the sunshine environment is simulated for 7 days, 3 circulation processes are carried out in total, the slope moisture, temperature and slope displacement rainfall simulation environment are monitored every 3 hours in the test process, the slope temperature is 10-20 ℃ in the rainfall simulation period, the sunshine environment simulation test process is carried out, the power supply is switched on at night in daytime, and the slope is subjected to sunshine simulation.
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| CN112945702A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 西安航空学院 | Mountain stone stability testing arrangement |
| CN113655205A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-16 | 辽宁大学 | Reservoir level and rainfall coupling tailing dam shallow layer damage analysis experimental device and application |
| CN114200086A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 徐州中矿岩土技术股份有限公司 | High-simulation energy-saving environment-friendly test device and method for slope greening |
| CN114578021A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-06-03 | 西华大学 | Wireless measurement system and test method for measuring slope instability |
| CN115561433A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-03 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Soil abrupt slope cracking test device under rainfall effect and boundary construction method thereof |
| CN117368030A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-09 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Device and method for testing slope flow-seepage flow joint erosion wide-grading soil |
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| CN117368030B (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-02-09 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Device and method for testing slope flow-seepage flow joint erosion wide-grading soil |
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