CN111716845B - 一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜 - Google Patents

一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜 Download PDF

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CN111716845B
CN111716845B CN202010362705.3A CN202010362705A CN111716845B CN 111716845 B CN111716845 B CN 111716845B CN 202010362705 A CN202010362705 A CN 202010362705A CN 111716845 B CN111716845 B CN 111716845B
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film layer
polyethylene
filler
fruit
preservation
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CN111716845A (zh
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王雪飞
陆锦霞
翟庆盼
陈宝昆
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Jiangyin Shenlong Packing Material Co ltd
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括90～96％的聚乙烯树脂，2～6％的抗紫外填料，1～2％的乳化剂和1～2％的分散剂；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括70～80％的壳聚糖，10～20％的明胶，2～5％的聚乙烯醇，2～5％的无机填料，1～2％的纳米氧化锌和1～2％的纳米二氧化钛；所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括95～98％的聚乙烯树脂，1～3％热塑性弹性体，0.1～0.5％的碱性无机填料和0.1～0.5％的分散剂。本发明的包装膜具有抗紫外辐射，抗撕拉强度高，气调保鲜效果等优点，无毒无害，可回收。

Description

一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料包装技术领域，具体涉及一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜。
背景技术
气调保鲜已经是发达国家最常用、最先进和投入产出比最高的一种保鲜手段，我国目前正在大力发展气调贮藏。自发气调包装(Modified atmosphere packages,MAP)保鲜技术是指采用特定透气性和透湿性的包装材料对新鲜植物进行包装处理，通过包装材料自身透气、透湿性膜孔径大小并结合冷藏等其它保鲜处理调节包装袋内植物呼吸代谢，保障包装袋内氧气(O2)和二氧化碳(CO2)等气体组分维持在适宜延缓植物成熟衰老的最佳配比，从而达到调节植物采后生理代谢水平，推迟品质劣变速度，延长保鲜期的目的。在温度确定的条件下，影响保鲜包装袋内气体组成的主要因素是保鲜膜的O2和CO2渗透系数。不同植物材料采后呼吸代谢强度不同，适宜的MAP保鲜袋内气体组分要求不同。因此，针对特定的植物材料选择具有适宜的O2和CO2渗透系数参数的包装膜是实现MAP保鲜效果的关键。
本申请提供一种用于呼吸保鲜的果蔬包装膜，具有良好保鲜效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种用于呼吸保鲜的果蔬包装膜，该包装膜具有抗紫外辐射，抗撕拉强度高，气调保鲜效果等优点，无毒无害，可回收。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是设计一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；
所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括90～96％的聚乙烯树脂，2～6％的抗紫外填料，1～2％的乳化剂和1～2％的分散剂；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括70～80％的壳聚糖，10～20％的明胶，2～5％的聚乙烯醇，2～5％的无机填料，1～2％的纳米氧化锌和1～2％的纳米二氧化钛；
所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括95～98％的聚乙烯树脂，1～3％热塑性弹性体，0.1～0.5％的碱性无机填料和0.1～0.5％的分散剂。
作为优选的技术方案，所述抗紫外填料中的无机填料是二氧化硅、蒙脱土、高岭土、滑石粉、白炭黑、硅藻土、绢云母或玻璃微珠中的一种或几种混合物。
作为优选的技术方案，所述聚乙烯外膜层中的碱性无机填料包括碳酸钙、石灰石、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁中的一种或几种混合物。
作为优选的技术方案，所述聚乙烯外膜层中热塑性弹性体为烯烃类TPE。TPE为1,1,2,2-四苯乙烯，极佳的透明性、光泽度，以及舒适的手感，具有良好的抗紫外线、耐候性、耐高温，长期用于户外。
作为优选的技术方案，所述分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯蜡、石蜡或硅油中的一种或多种。
一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备抗紫外填料，准确称取抗紫外填料中各原料的重量，采用壳聚糖和明胶作为微胶囊的壁材，采用无机填料、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛作为芯材；将壳聚糖溶液，明胶溶液和聚乙烯醇混合得到连续相稳定溶液，将芯材加入稳定溶液中迅速搅拌分散，在10000r/min下高速均质10min，所得的乳液稳定后通过低温喷雾干燥剂进行喷雾干燥，得到抗紫外填料；
(2)制备聚乙烯内膜层，准确称取抗紫外填料和聚乙烯母粒，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性；
(3)制备聚乙烯外膜层，准确称取各种外膜层原料，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性，再将聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层共挤复合形成用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜；
(4)刻蚀处理，将制备好的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜放在pH为3～4的醋酸溶液中刻蚀，刻蚀时间为30～45s，刻蚀后的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜经蒸馏水清洗干燥后收卷形成成品。
收卷好的成品还可以经微波处理。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：
(1)本申请的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜主要采用聚乙烯原料，聚乙烯无毒害可回收。
(2)在聚乙烯内膜层中添加抗紫外填料，防止紫外线对包装物的损伤，此外将无机填料采用壳聚糖和明胶包裹形成微胶囊，壳聚糖具有良好的水溶性，经过刻蚀液处理或当空间湿度过大时，包装膜可以通过壳聚糖的溶解性进行湿度调节，由于壳聚糖溶解于水在聚乙烯薄膜上形成微小气孔，便于气体调节。
(3)在聚乙烯外膜层添加碱性填料通过酸性刻蚀液形成孔洞，由于聚乙烯内膜层气体微孔的数量和大小均大于聚乙烯外膜层的数量和大小，因此有效的保证内部气体向外流动的通畅性，便于果蔬的气调包装。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；
所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括91％的聚乙烯树脂，6％的抗紫外填料，2％的乳化剂和1％的聚乙烯蜡；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括80％的壳聚糖，12％的明胶，2％的聚乙烯醇，2％的二氧化硅，2％的纳米氧化锌和2％的纳米二氧化钛；
所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括96％的聚乙烯树脂，3％烯烃类TPE，0.5％的碳酸钙和0.5％的聚乙烯蜡。
一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备抗紫外填料，准确称取抗紫外填料中各原料的重量，采用壳聚糖和明胶作为微胶囊的壁材，采用无机填料、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛作为芯材；将壳聚糖溶液，明胶溶液和聚乙烯醇混合得到连续相稳定溶液，将芯材加入稳定溶液中迅速搅拌分散，在10000r/min下高速均质10min，所得的乳液稳定后通过低温喷雾干燥剂进行喷雾干燥，得到抗紫外填料；
(2)制备聚乙烯内膜层，准确称取抗紫外填料和聚乙烯母粒，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性；
(3)制备聚乙烯外膜层，准确称取各种外膜层原料，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性，再将聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层共挤复合形成用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜；
(4)刻蚀处理，将制备好的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜放在pH为3～4的醋酸溶液中刻蚀，刻蚀时间为30～45s，刻蚀后的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜经蒸馏水清洗干燥后收卷形成成品。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的差别在于：一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；
所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括95％的聚乙烯树脂，3％的抗紫外填料，1％的乳化剂和1％的石蜡；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括72％的壳聚糖，20％的明胶，3％的石蜡，3％的蒙脱土，1％的纳米氧化锌和1％的纳米二氧化钛；
所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括96％的聚乙烯树脂，2％烯烃类TPE，1％的氢氧化镁和1％的石蜡。
干燥收卷后的成品经1000～2000兆赫的微波处理30s。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例1的区别在于：一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；
所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括94％的聚乙烯树脂，3％的抗紫外填料，2％的乳化剂和1％的分散剂；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括75％的壳聚糖，15％的明胶，5％的聚乙烯醇，2％的二氧化硅，1％的纳米氧化锌和2％的纳米二氧化钛；
所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括98％的聚乙烯树脂，1.4％烯烃类TPE，0.5％的碳酸钙和0.1％的聚乙烯蜡。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，其特征在于，包括聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层；
所述聚乙烯内膜层按照内膜层的质量百分比计，包括90~96%的聚乙烯树脂，2~6%的抗紫外填料，1~2%的乳化剂和1~2%的分散剂；所述抗紫外填料中按照抗紫外填料的质量百分比计，包括70~80%的壳聚糖，10~20%的明胶，2~5%的聚乙烯醇，2~5%的无机填料，1~2%的纳米氧化锌和1~2%的纳米二氧化钛；所述抗紫外填料中的无机填料是二氧化硅、蒙脱土、高岭土、滑石粉、白炭黑、硅藻土、绢云母或玻璃微珠中的一种或几种混合物；
所述聚乙烯外膜层按照外膜层的质量百分比计，包括95~98%的聚乙烯树脂，1~3%热塑性弹性体，0.1~0.5%的碱性无机填料和0.1~0.5%的分散剂；
所述用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）制备抗紫外填料，准确称取抗紫外填料中各原料的重量，采用壳聚糖和明胶作为微胶囊的壁材，采用无机填料、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛作为芯材；将壳聚糖溶液，明胶溶液和聚乙烯醇混合得到连续相稳定溶液，将芯材加入稳定溶液中迅速搅拌分散，在10000r/min下高速均质10min，所得的乳液稳定后通过低温喷雾干燥机进行喷雾干燥，得到抗紫外填料；
（2）制备聚乙烯内膜层，准确称取抗紫外填料和聚乙烯母粒，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性；
（3）制备聚乙烯外膜层，准确称取各种外膜层原料，通过双螺杆挤出装置进行共混改性，再将聚乙烯内膜层和聚乙烯外膜层共挤复合形成用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜；
（4）刻蚀处理，将制备好的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜放在pH为3~4的醋酸溶液中刻蚀，刻蚀时间为30~45s，刻蚀后的用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜经蒸馏水清洗干燥后收卷形成成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯外膜层中的碱性无机填料包括碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁中的一种或几种混合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯外膜层中热塑性弹性体为烯烃类TPE。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于呼吸保鲜果蔬包装膜，其特征在于，所述分散剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯蜡、石蜡或硅油中的一种或多种。
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