CN111713234A - Fertilizing method for young pear trees - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for young pear trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN111713234A CN111713234A CN201910222109.2A CN201910222109A CN111713234A CN 111713234 A CN111713234 A CN 111713234A CN 201910222109 A CN201910222109 A CN 201910222109A CN 111713234 A CN111713234 A CN 111713234A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention provides a fertilizing method for young pears, wherein the tree age of the young pears is 1-3 years, the fertilizing method comprises the steps of applying base fertilizer and topdressing for three years, the applied base fertilizer is farmyard manure, biological bacterial fertilizer and compound fertilizer, the topdressing fertilizer is special fertilizer for the young pears, the topdressing fertilizer application amount in the first year is 80-120 g of pure nitrogen applied in the whole year, and the total fertilizing amount is 300-400 g/plant; the fertilizer applying amount of the top dressing in the second year is 120 g/plant to 180 g/plant of pure nitrogen applied in the whole year, and the total fertilizer applying amount is 500 g/plant to 600 g/plant; the fertilizer applying amount in the third year is 180-220 g pure nitrogen applied in the whole year, and the total fertilizer applying amount is 700-800 g pure nitrogen applied in the whole year. The fertilizing method provided by the invention meets the requirement of nutritional growth of the pear saplings in the period, lays a good foundation for the pear trees to enter the full bearing period, adopts the special water-soluble fertilizer for the pear saplings to fertilize, has comprehensive nutrition and high absorptivity of the pear trees, is beneficial to nutritional growth of the pear trees, reduces physiological diseases of the pear trees, and can bear fruits in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural irrigation and fertilization, and particularly relates to a fertilizing method for young pears.
Background
The pear sapling period is a key period for pear tree growth, the yield of the pear tree entering the full bearing period is determined, however, many fruit growers often ignore the pear tree cultivation in the pear tree cultivation, the early development is poor, the later fruit yield is low, the nutrition providing of the pear sapling growth period is important in fertilization management, at present, few scientific fertilization schemes for the pear sapling are available, the blind fertilization situation of the fruit growers is common, and the blind fertilization is not beneficial to the later growth of the pear tree.
The determination of the annual fertilization amount of each pear orchard is a very complicated technical problem, and the amount absorbed by a trunk, branches and roots, the amount permeated by soil, the amount volatilized into the air from the soil, the amount taken away by water and soil loss, the amount accumulated in the soil and the like need to be calculated, so that the operation is very difficult. Research results show that 1-3 years old young pear trees mainly have early-fruiting and high-yield crowns to promote vegetative growth.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention provides a fertilizing method for young pear trees.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the fertilizing method for the young pear trees is characterized in that the tree age of the young pear trees is 1-3 years, and comprises the following steps:
step 1) applying a base fertilizer: applying farmyard manure, biological bacterial manure and compound fertilizer to the pear orchard, wherein the fertilizing amount is 5000 plus 3000 kg/mu of the farmyard manure, 50-100 kg/mu of the biological bacterial manure, 200 plus 100 kg/mu of the compound fertilizer, the fertilizing depth is 30-50 cm, and the soil and the fertilizer are uniformly mixed and then applied;
step 2) topdressing in the first year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 80-120 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 300-400 g per plant;
step 3) topdressing in the second year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 120-180 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 500-600 g per plant;
step 4) topdressing in the third year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 180-220 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 700-800 g per plant;
the special fertilizer for the young pear trees comprises the following nutrient elements in parts by weight: 22-28 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 8-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 13-16 parts of potassium oxide, 0.1-0.12 part of iron, 0.04-0.07 part of manganese, 0.04-0.07 part of zinc, 0.02-0.03 part of copper, 0.02-0.03 part of boron and molybdenum: 0.01-0.015 parts.
In the technical scheme, the special fertilizer for the young pear trees comprises the following nutrient elements in parts by weight: 25 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 0.10 part of iron, 0.05 part of manganese, 0.05 part of zinc, 0.025 part of copper, 0.025 part of boron and 0.01 part of molybdenum.
In the technical scheme, the special fertilizer for the young pear trees is a water-soluble fertilizer, and the special fertilizer contains iron, manganese, zinc and copper elements in a chelated state.
In the technical scheme, the top dressing in the step 2) is completely applied for 8-10 times in the first year; completely applying the top dressing in the second year in the step 3) for 8-10 times; and 4) completely applying the fertilizer for the third year by 8-10 times.
In the technical scheme, the step 2), the step 3) and the step 4) are applied from the beginning of the germination period and are applied once every 20-30 days.
In the technical scheme, the fertilization method adopts a drip irrigation system to fertilize.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fertilizing method provided by the invention meets the nutrient element demand and absorption characteristics of the pear tree in the young tree period, meets the requirement of the pear tree in the young tree period on vegetative growth, lays a good foundation for the pear tree to enter the full bearing period, and adopts the special water soluble fertilizer for the pear tree to fertilize, thereby being beneficial to the vegetative growth of the pear tree, reducing the physiological diseases of the pear tree and promoting the fruit bearing in advance.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
example 1
A fertilizing method for young pears adopts a special fertilizer GeringKaire 25-10-15+ TE formula fertilizer for young pears, and the fertilizer comprises the following nutrient elements in parts by weight: 25 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 0.10 part of iron, 0.05 part of manganese, 0.05 part of zinc, 0.025 part of copper, 0.025 part of boron and 0.01 part of molybdenum. The variety of the young pear trees is green-crown pears, the tree age of the young pear trees is 1-3 years, and the fertilizing steps are as follows:
1) applying a base fertilizer: applying farmyard manure, biological bacterial manure and compound fertilizer to the pear orchard, specifically 4000 kg/mu of decomposed sheep manure, 100 kg/mu of biological bacterial manure and 100 kg/mu of compound fertilizer, wherein the application depth is 40cmcm, and the manure is uniformly mixed and then applied;
2) topdressing in the first year: applying a Green Keel 25-10-15+ TE formula fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing amount is 100g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, the total fertilizing amount is 400g per plant, and the fertilizing is performed for 10 times all year round;
3) topdressing in the second year: applying a Green Keel 25-10-15+ TE formula fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing amount is that 150g of pure nitrogen is applied per plant in the whole year, the total fertilizing amount is 600g per plant, and the fertilizing is performed for 10 times in the whole year;
4) topdressing in the third year: applying a Green Keel 25-10-15+ TE formula fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application amount is that pure nitrogen is applied for 200 g/plant all the year round, the total fertilizer application amount is 800 g/plant, and the fertilizer application is performed for 10 times all the year round;
and (3) fertilizing by adopting a drip irrigation system in the step 2), the step 3) and the step 4). The specific fertilizing amount is shown in the following tables 1, 2 and 3:
TABLE 1 annual pear tree fertilizing protocol
TABLE 2 fertilizing scheme for two-year-old pear trees
TABLE 3 fertilizing scheme for three-year pear trees
Aiming at the characteristic of fertilizer requirement of the young pear trees of 1-3 years, the young pear trees of 1-3 years are mainly characterized in that early-fruiting and high-yield crowns are cultured to promote vegetative growth. The major elements of the top dressing fertilizer for the young pear trees are mainly nitrogen, the top dressing fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer are properly added to be applied frequently as thin fertilizers, the trace elements are also the key for determining the nutritional growth of the pear trees, and the trace elements are used in a matched mode to avoid the nutrient deficiency symptom.
Comparative example 1
And (5) fertilizing and managing the pear saplings by adopting a traditional method. Applying urea for 3-4 times every 3-5 months, wherein the fertilizing amount is 100-200 g/plant each time; and (3) applying the compound fertilizer in 6 months, wherein the application frequency is 3 times, and the application amount of each time is 100-200 g/plant. The other management measures are in accordance with example 1.
The growth conditions of the cylindrical cultivation pear trees of the three-year-old Cuiguan pears in the example 1 and the comparative example 1 are shown in the table 4.
TABLE 4 growth status of cylindrical cultivated pear tree of three-year-old Cuiguan pear
As can be seen from Table 4, the fertilization protocol of the present invention is significantly superior to comparative example 1 in terms of tree height, trunk diameter, number of branches, and branch length. The fertilizing method meets the nutrient element demand and absorption characteristics of the pear trees in the young tree period, and meets the requirement of the pear trees for vegetative growth in the young tree period. Meanwhile, the special fertilizer for the young pears used by the fertilizing method disclosed by the invention contains a unique ion retaining agent and a plurality of trace elements, all nutrient elements of the fertilizer are ensured to be in an ionic state and completely dissolved in water, and the trace elements are produced by adopting an original small-molecule novel chelating technology, so that the defects that the traditional EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) and other chelate compounds are large in molecules and difficult to absorb by crops are overcome, the plant absorption is more efficient, the nutritional growth of the young pears is facilitated, the phenomena of lobules, yellow leaves and the like caused by deficiency of elements can be prevented, and the young pears can bear fruits in advance.
The use of these examples is intended to illustrate the invention only and not to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, after reading the technical content of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes, modifications or variations to the invention, and all the equivalents thereof also belong to the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A fertilizing method for young pears is characterized in that the tree age of the young pears is 1-3 years, and comprises the following steps:
step 1) applying a base fertilizer: applying farmyard manure, biological bacterial manure and compound fertilizer to the pear orchard, wherein the fertilizing amount is 5000 plus 3000 kg/mu of the farmyard manure, 50-100 kg/mu of the biological bacterial manure, 200 plus 100 kg/mu of the compound fertilizer, the fertilizing depth is 30-50 cm, and the soil and the fertilizer are uniformly mixed and then applied;
step 2) topdressing in the first year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 80-120 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 300-400 g per plant;
step 3) topdressing in the second year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 120-180 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 500-600 g per plant;
step 4) topdressing in the third year: applying special fertilizer for young pear trees, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 180-220 g of pure nitrogen per plant applied all year round, and the total fertilizer application amount is 700-800 g per plant;
the special fertilizer for the young pear trees comprises the following nutrient elements in parts by weight: 22-28 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 8-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 13-16 parts of potassium oxide, 0.1-0.12 part of iron, 0.04-0.07 part of manganese, 0.04-0.07 part of zinc, 0.02-0.03 part of copper, 0.02-0.03 part of boron and molybdenum: 0.01-0.015 parts.
2. The fertilizing method for the young pear trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the following steps: the special fertilizer for the young pear trees comprises the following nutrient elements in parts by weight: 25 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potassium oxide, 0.10 part of iron, 0.05 part of manganese, 0.05 part of zinc, 0.025 part of copper, 0.025 part of boron and 0.01 part of molybdenum.
3. The fertilizing method for the young pear trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the following steps: the special fertilizer for the young pear trees is a water-soluble fertilizer, and the special fertilizer contains iron, manganese, zinc and copper elements in a chelated state.
4. The fertilizing method for the young pear trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the following steps: completely applying the top dressing for the first year in the step 2) for 8-10 times; completely applying the top dressing in the second year in the step 3) for 8-10 times; and 4) completely applying the fertilizer for the third year by 8-10 times.
5. The fertilizing method for the young pear trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the following steps: and 2) top dressing is started from the germination stage in the step 3) and the step 4), and the top dressing is performed once every 20-30 days.
6. The fertilizing method for the young pear trees as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the fertilizing method adopts a drip irrigation system to fertilize.
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Application publication date: 20200929 |