CN111685131A - Pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using purslane extract and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using purslane extract and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111685131A CN111685131A CN202010540716.6A CN202010540716A CN111685131A CN 111685131 A CN111685131 A CN 111685131A CN 202010540716 A CN202010540716 A CN 202010540716A CN 111685131 A CN111685131 A CN 111685131A
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- extract
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using a purslane extract and a preparation method thereof. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of limonene, 3-5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 12-15 parts of purslane extract, 0.13-0.15 part of zinc chloride, 1-2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.6-0.8 part of sodium alginate. The pharmaceutical composition prepared by the invention has good suspension property, can form uniform suspension, and does not delaminate or precipitate; the pharmaceutical composition prepared by the invention can effectively prevent peanut rust and improve the yield and quality of peanuts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using a purslane extract and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Peanut rust is one of the worldwide and explosive leaf important fungal diseases, and in China, peanut rust is also one of the main offensive and critical contents in the peanut breeding process. And the occurrence of rust disease is aggravated along with the increase of temperature during the growth and development of the peanuts. Peanut rust can occur in each growth stage, but serious peanut rust occurs after the pod bearing period, leaves are infected with diseases, the back of each leaf is a rash-shaped white spot with the size of a needle point, the leaf surface is yellow and small, the disease spot on the back of each leaf becomes pale yellow and round, and the protrusion of the disease part is yellow brown along with the enlargement of the disease spot. After the epidermis is cracked, rust-colored powder, namely pathogenic summosperms and summosperms, is exposed, and finally, early leaf drop and death are caused, and fruit stalks are easy to break and drop in pods during harvesting.
At present, most of peanut rust prevention methods are to spray chlorothalonil, mancozeb, triadimefon and the like in the flowering period, the application amount is large, medicine residues are easy to cause, and the method is not favorable for environment and human health. The research and development of a high-efficiency and low-residue medicine becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a medicinal composition for preventing peanut rust by using a purslane extract.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using a purslane extract, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of limonene, 3-5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 12-15 parts of purslane extract, 0.13-0.15 part of zinc chloride, 1-2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.6-0.8 part of sodium alginate.
Further, the saponin extract is prepared by the following method: grinding fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis into fine powder, adding 25% ethanol water solution, reflux extracting at 40-50 deg.C for 60min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
The feed-liquid ratio of the saponin to the ethanol aqueous solution is 1 g: 10 mL.
The purslane extract used in the invention is prepared by the following method: grinding herba Portulacae, adding 50% volume of acetic acid water solution and polyglutamic acid, reflux-extracting at 35-40 deg.C for 80min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
The feed-liquid ratio of the garlic to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1 g: 10 mL; the addition amount of the polyglutamic acid is 0.5 percent of the weight of the purslane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and herba Portulacae extract, adding zinc chloride and chloroiridic acid, heating to 35-40 deg.C, stirring for 1-1.5 hr to obtain extract mixture;
(2) adding limonene, cetearyl glucoside and sodium alginate into the extract mixture, stirring, adding diacetyl tartaric acid monoglyceride and diglyceride, and spray drying.
Further, the adding amount of the diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono-and diglycerides accounts for 0.12% of the weight of the extract mixed liquor; the addition amount of the chloroiridic acid accounts for 0.5 percent of the purslane extract.
Further, the spray drying conditions are that the inlet temperature is 90-100 ℃, the outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the feeding speed is 40 ml/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the pharmaceutical composition prepared by the invention has good suspension property, can form uniform suspension, and does not delaminate or precipitate;
(2) the pharmaceutical composition prepared by the invention can effectively prevent peanut rust and improve the yield and quality of peanuts.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained and illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The pharmaceutical composition comprises the following components: 3 parts of limonene, 4 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 15 parts of purslane extract, 0.13 part of zinc chloride, 2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.6 part of sodium alginate.
The saponin extract is prepared by the following method: grinding the Chinese honeylocust into fine powder, and then mixing the fine powder with the raw materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 10mL of ethanol water with the volume fraction of 25%, refluxing and extracting at 40-50 ℃ for 60min, filtering, and concentrating to half of the original volume.
The purslane extract is prepared by the following method: grinding garlic, and then mixing the ground garlic and the ground garlic according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 50% acetic acid water solution and 0.5% polyglutamic acid by volume of herba Portulacae 10mL, reflux extracting at 35-40 deg.C for 80min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the saponin extract and the garlic extract in parts by weight, adding zinc chloride, heating to 35-40 ℃, and stirring for 1.5 hours at the constant temperature to obtain an extract mixed solution;
(2) adding limonene, cetearyl glucoside and sodium alginate into the extract mixed solution, stirring, adding diacetyl tartaric acid monoglyceride 0.12% of the weight of the extract mixed solution and chloroiridic acid 0.5% of the weight of the herba Portulacae extract, and spray drying.
Example 2
The pharmaceutical composition comprises the following components: 4 parts of limonene, 5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 13 parts of purslane extract, 0.15 part of zinc chloride, 2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.7 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The pharmaceutical composition comprises the following components: 5 parts of limonene, 3-5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 12 parts of purslane extract, 0.13 part of zinc chloride, 2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.8 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
The composition of the pharmaceutical composition was the same as in example 2.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the raw materials in parts by weight are uniformly mixed and then spray-dried.
Comparative example 2
The composition of the pharmaceutical composition was the same as in example 2.
The saponin extract was as in example 1.
The purslane extract is prepared by the following method: grinding purslane, and then mixing the purslane with the mixture according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 10mL of ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 25%, refluxing and extracting at 35-40 ℃ for 80min, filtering, and concentrating to half of the original volume.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
The composition of the pharmaceutical composition was the same as in example 2.
The saponin extract is prepared by the following method: grinding the Chinese honeylocust into fine powder, and then mixing the fine powder with the raw materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 50% acetic acid aqueous solution into 10mL, reflux extracting at 40-50 deg.C for 60min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
The extraction method of the purslane extract is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Effects of the embodiment
Selecting Xiujin county in Texas as a test base, wherein the peanut variety is No. 25, the test base is a non-continuous cropping plot, dividing the test field into 30 plots, repeating 3 groups in each embodiment comparative example, and simultaneously setting a control group, wherein the control group 1 is not added with limonene, and the other embodiments are the same as the embodiment 2; the control group 2 was prepared by replacing purslane extract with the same amount of the same extract without adding the saponin extract, and the other steps were the same as those in example 2; control group 3 was prepared by replacing with the same amount of extract of Gleditsia sinensis (Gleditsia sinensis Lam.) as in example 2, except that the purslane extract was not added; the specific application method comprises the following steps: after the peanut seeds are planted and aligned, 200 times of liquid is prepared, the surface spraying is carried out, then 80 times of liquid is prepared in the flowering period, then the plant spraying is carried out, the liquid can be sprayed to the base of the plant stem, the liquid is sprayed once every 10 days and is continuously sprayed for 3 times, meanwhile, a blank control group is set, no treatment is carried out, and other field management is the same; and (4) counting the disease index of the peanuts with rust disease and the green leaf rate, wherein specific results are shown in a table 1.
TABLE 1
And (II) counting the yield of the plots (pod yield), wherein the specific results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Thirdly, the medicinal compositions prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are subjected to suspension rate statistics according to GB/T14825-93, and specific results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Claims (8)
1. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using a purslane extract is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of limonene, 3-5 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit extract, 12-15 parts of purslane extract, 0.13-0.15 part of zinc chloride, 1-2 parts of cetearyl glucoside and 0.6-0.8 part of sodium alginate.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the saponin extract is prepared by the following method: grinding fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis into fine powder, adding 25% ethanol water solution, reflux extracting at 40-50 deg.C for 60min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein the feed-to-liquid ratio of the saponin and the ethanol aqueous solution is 1 g: 10 mL.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the purslane extract is prepared by the method comprising: grinding herba Portulacae, adding 50% volume of acetic acid water solution and polyglutamic acid, reflux-extracting at 35-40 deg.C for 80min, filtering, and concentrating to half of original volume.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, wherein the feed-liquid ratio of the garlic to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1 g: 10 mL; the addition amount of the polyglutamic acid is 0.5 percent of the weight of the purslane.
6. A process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and herba Portulacae extract, adding zinc chloride and chloroiridic acid, heating to 35-40 deg.C, stirring for 1-1.5 hr to obtain extract mixture;
(2) adding limonene, cetearyl glucoside and sodium alginate into the extract mixture, stirring, adding diacetyl tartaric acid monoglyceride and diglyceride, and spray drying.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono-and diglycerides account for 0.12% of the extract mixture by weight; the addition amount of the chloroiridic acid accounts for 0.5 percent of the purslane extract.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the spray drying is carried out under conditions of an inlet temperature of 90 to 100 ℃, an outlet temperature of 80 to 90 ℃ and a feed rate of 40 ml/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010540716.6A CN111685131B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using purslane extract and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010540716.6A CN111685131B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing peanut rust by using purslane extract and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111685131B CN111685131B (en) | 2021-06-29 |
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