CN111671974A - 一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物及其制备方法,包括主体材料和辅助材料。本发明可以制备或者裁剪成复杂伤口的形状,植入体内时迅速吸水并有效填充缺损部位;真皮基质填充物具有三维多孔结构,利于细胞的浸润、营养物质的交换;同时,本发明的组织填充物具有超吸水性,可吸收自身重量为20倍的水分,有利于伤口处的快速止血。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医用材料领域,特别涉及一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物及其制备方法。
背景技术
在各种组织损伤或缺损的治疗中,组织填充物具有替代、修复受损组织的重要作用。例如,在骨组织修复中,骨块或者骨粒等填充物可以引导成骨细胞的粘附,促进血管化从而形成新骨。在整形外科中,组织填充物如真皮基质可以替代或者修复受损组织。组织填充物不仅应具备优异的生物相容性,同时应有效、方便且快速的填充缺损处。具有形状记忆性能的组织填充物具有众多优势,如可以将填充物以微创的形式植入缺损处并有效的填充。形状记忆合金已在骨修复中得到了广泛的应用,常见的形状记忆合金由温度来触发形状记忆性能,但是具有形状记忆性能的脱细胞真皮基质填充物未见报道。
中国专利CN105597162A公开了一种纳米纤维组织填充物,但该填充物为合成材料,是否具有形状记忆性能未知。中国专利CN110193094A公开了一种软组织填充修复材料及其制备方法和用途,其材料为脱细胞真皮基质微粒和羟基磷灰石,可满足注射要求,但无形状记忆性能。在实际的组织缺损中,缺损的形状都是多样性的,而形状记忆的脱细胞基质可以根据缺损实际的形状而制备。特别是当组织缺损较大时,可以将形状记忆真皮基质变形,以较小的尺寸植入缺损处并触发形状恢复,从而以微创的方式有效填充组织缺损。人体含有众多体液,这将有利于以水诱导的形状记忆材料在组织修复中的应用。中国专利CN110279892A公开了一种骨修复材料及其制备方法和应用,该材料的有机相通过辐照进行交联,但是有机相和无机相之间无法交联,两种材料之间只是挤压后物理接触,存在无机材料颗粒漏出或者掉出的弊端。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物及其制备方法,以克服传统组织填充物在组织修复应用中的缺陷和不足。
本发明提供了一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物,包括主体材料和辅助材料;其中,所述主体材料为脱细胞真皮基质;所述辅助材料为透明质酸、胶原蛋白、明胶、丝素蛋白的一种或几种。
所述脱细胞真皮基质为异体或者异种的脱细胞真皮基质。
所述脱细胞真皮基质为海绵状的纤维团。
所述辅助材料占组织填充物总质量的1%-49%。
所述辅助材料的形式为纤维或水溶液。
所述组织填充物还包括负载药物或生长因子。
本发明提供了一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
首先制备脱细胞真皮基质纤维,然后将脱细胞真皮基质纤维和辅助材料按质量比51%-99%:1%-49%混合均匀,置于模具中冷冻干燥,得到组织填充物;最后进行交联,水洗得到吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物。
所述脱细胞真皮基质纤维是通过脱细胞真皮基质经液氮冷冻后,由高速粉碎机粉碎而成海绵状纤维。
所述辅助材料是通过静电纺丝后得到纤维膜,再将纤维膜由高速分散机分散后形成纤维。或者将辅助材料溶于水中形成溶液。
所述交联采用EDC和NHS交联;交联时间为5-10h。
本发明主体材料和辅助材料可以通过化学键结合,两种材料通过交联后可形成紧密的整体。本发明提出的组织填充物不含有无机成分,植入体内后不会因无机成分而引起的钙化或者硬化,适宜于软组织缺损的修复。
有益效果
(1)本发明与传统胶原类的组织填充物相比,加工方法简单,无需高温处理、酶解、化学提取等复杂工艺,对原材料的利用率高。
(2)与传统的脱细胞真皮基质填充物相比,本发明的组织填充物具有三维多孔结构,利于细胞的浸润、营养物质的交换。同时,本发明的组织填充物具有超吸水性,可吸收自身重量为20倍的水分,有利于伤口处的快速止血。
(3)本发明的组织填充物由真皮基质纤维交联而成,具有一定的力学强度并维持特有的形状。具有吸水诱导的形状记忆性能,与传统的组织填充物相比,在应用时更加智能和便利。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的圆柱状脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物的外观图片;
图2为实施例1制备的脱细胞真皮基质与透明质酸构成的圆柱状组织填充物的外观图片;
图3为实施例1制备的脱细胞真皮基质与透明质酸构成的圆柱状组织填充物的扫描电镜图片;
图4为实施例1制备的脱细胞真皮基质与透明质酸构成的圆柱状组织填充物的形状记忆性测试。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
用刀片将猪的毛发刮除,用取皮机切去脂肪取皮。将皮清洗后置于2M氯化钠溶液浸泡,摇床震荡6小时后揭去表皮层。纯化水清洗真皮,用75%的酒精浸泡2小时,去离子水冲洗0.5小时。将真皮组织浸泡于0.1%的十二烷基硫酸钠中并在摇床中震荡12小时,温度设定为25℃,震荡速度为100转/分钟。用去离子水冲洗脱细胞后的真皮组织48小时后冷冻干燥。将干燥的脱细胞真皮放入粉碎机中粉碎5min,得到脱细胞真皮基质纤维。将2g脱细胞真皮基质纤维置入50ml去离子水中,混合均匀后倒入圆柱状的模具的中,冷冻后放入真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24小时。将干燥后的圆柱状真皮基质-透明质酸放入交联液中交联6小时,交联液为含有0.4%EDC和0.2%NHS的酒精溶液(酒精浓度为95%)。最后,去离子水冲洗交联后的真皮基质-透明质酸得到具有吸水记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质填充物。
由图3可知,可以观察到组织填充物内部具有纤维多孔结构。
由图4可知,组织填充物的原状为立方体状,在外力的作用小可以变形缩小,并可以保持变形后的形状,再将变形的组织填充物放入水中后,组织填充物迅速吸水并恢复原状。
实施例2
用刀片将猪的毛发刮除,用取皮机切去脂肪取皮。将皮清洗后置于2M氯化钠溶液浸泡,摇床震荡6小时后揭去表皮层。纯化水清洗真皮,用75%的酒精浸泡2小时,去离子水冲洗0.5小时。将真皮组织浸泡于0.1%的十二烷基硫酸钠中并在摇床中震荡12小时,温度设定为25℃,震荡速度为100转/分钟。用去离子水冲洗脱细胞后的真皮组织48小时后冷冻干燥。将干燥的脱细胞真皮放入粉碎机中粉碎5min,得到脱细胞真皮基质纤维。将1g脱细胞真皮基质纤维和0.5g透明质酸钠置入50ml去离子水中,混合均匀后倒入圆柱状的模具的中,冷冻后放入真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24小时。将干燥后的圆柱状真皮基质-透明质酸放入交联液中交联6小时,交联液为含有0.4%EDC和0.2%NHS的酒精溶液(酒精浓度为95%)。最后,去离子水冲洗交联后的真皮基质-透明质酸得到具有吸水记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质-透明质酸组织填充物。
本实施例制备得到的产品与实施例1的产品具有相同的形状记忆性。
Claims (8)
1.一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物,其特征在于:包括主体材料和辅助材料;其中,所述主体材料为脱细胞真皮基质;所述辅助材料为透明质酸、胶原蛋白、明胶、丝素蛋白中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组织填充物,其特征在于:所述脱细胞真皮基质为异体或者异种的脱细胞真皮基质。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组织填充物,其特征在于:所述脱细胞真皮基质为海绵状的纤维团。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组织填充物,其特征在于:所述辅助材料占组织填充物总质量的1%-49%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组织填充物,其特征在于:所述辅助材料的形式为纤维或水溶液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组织填充物,其特征在于:所述组织填充物还包括负载药物或生长因子。
7.一种吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
首先制备脱细胞真皮基质纤维,然后将脱细胞真皮基质纤维和辅助材料按质量比51%-99%:1%-49%混合均匀,置于模具中冷冻干燥,得到组织填充物;最后进行交联,水洗得到吸水诱导形状记忆性的脱细胞真皮基质组织填充物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述交联采用EDC和NHS交联;交联时间为5-10h。
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