CN111663275B - 生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺 - Google Patents

生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN111663275B
CN111663275B CN202010553399.1A CN202010553399A CN111663275B CN 111663275 B CN111663275 B CN 111663275B CN 202010553399 A CN202010553399 A CN 202010553399A CN 111663275 B CN111663275 B CN 111663275B
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黄进华
蔡大鹏
卢焦生
刘萍
侯娟
杨梅
向中林
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Nantong Lianfa Printing And Dyeing Co ltd
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Abstract

生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,涉及机织面料的染色技术领域。采用的长车染色工艺,将坯布先后进行冷堆、短蒸漂、丝光、第一次定型、活性染色、第二次定型、酸性染色、第三次定型和预缩。本发明除了利用长车染色生产工艺具有的优势以外,还能保证半制品手感,染色时分别采用活性染料和酸性染料分两次分别对棉和锦纶进行染色,可有效确保织物的颜色效果。

Description

生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及机织面料的染色技术领域。
背景技术
生物基尼龙56(也称为生物基锦纶56),将其与棉混纺的弹力布,既具有棉纤维的吸湿透气性能,又具有尼龙56的强力和耐磨性能,同时弹力布能够随着人体的运动收缩,穿着舒适,因此备受消费者的喜爱。
中国专利文献2012105141100公开了一种锦棉酸性染色同浴法制作工艺,锦棉坯布经冷堆、退浆后染色、固色、定型,其中染色是将活性染料和酸性染料同时加入同一染色缸中一浴染色。该工艺将活性染料和酸性染料同浴进行染色。酸性染料和活性染料同浴染色虽然节省能源、减少工序,但现在对于长车染色采用同浴染色会产生颜色染不深的现象,这也是现在同浴法染棉锦染料的现状。
对于卷染机生产和气流机生产或溢流机生产等工艺对比,长车生产工艺是一种连续生产工艺,织物平幅进入,经过长车,平幅出布,故连续长车生产的工艺具有生产效率高,光泽好等优点。
但对于生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车连续生产工艺暂不成熟,且往往会发生缩水率差、弹性回复率差、弹性伸长率差、布面易起皱等布面内在和外观质量缺陷。
发明内容
针对现有以上混纺弹力布染色存在的缺陷,本发明提出一种生物基尼龙56/棉混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺。
本发明采用的长车染色工艺,将坯布先后进行冷堆、短蒸漂、丝光、第一次定型、活性染色、第二次定型、酸性染色、第三次定型和预缩。
本发明除了利用长车染色生产工艺具有的优势以外,还采用先冷堆后短蒸漂的工艺步骤对坯布中各种杂质、油脂、蜡质、浆料等进行有效去除,保证半制品手感,染色时分别采用活性染料和酸性染料分两次分别对棉和锦纶进行染色,因为酸性染料的染色环境是酸性条件,而活性染色过程固色条件是碱性条件,如果先进性酸性染色,再进行活性染色,容易对酸性染色进行剥除,会造成颜色差异大的情况,而先活性染色,再进行酸性染色不会出现这种现象,可有效确保织物的颜色效果。
本发明在活性染色和酸性染色前都进行了定型,可有效保证各道产品质量稳定,同时成品的缩水率也得到有效改善,前两次定型主要是为了稳定门幅,保证布面门幅、溶胀或回缩稳定,防止染色过程起皱,第三次定型是为了使面料充分吸收柔软剂,保证织物手感。最后,通过第三次定型和预缩工艺对织物进行整理,提高织物手感,保证产品的缩水率控制在-3%~0%,经纬向缩水差异≤2%,弹性伸长率≥26%、弹性回复率≥94%,可有效避免布面门幅溶胀起皱的疵点。
本工艺适用于尼龙56与棉混纺混纺弹力布,特别是对棉含量为71%~79%、生物基尼龙56含量为20%~26%、氨纶含量为1%~3%的混纺弹力坯布的加工工艺。
进一步地,本发明第一次定型的温度条件为195~205℃。由于混纺织物中含有氨纶弹性纤维成分,故需要采用该高温定型才能保证织物的缩水率达标。
在所述活性染色时,将织物依次经过活性染料浸轧、红外线预烘、阶梯升温式烘干,然后再经过浸轧固色液、气蒸、水洗、烘干。布料经活性染料轧过染液后,通过红外线和预烘房预烘防止泳移,活性染料通常会强调固色过程,所以浸轧固色液,通过气蒸营造染色环境,让染料能够更好地上染织物,并固着在织物上,然后经过水洗,洗去织物表面的浮色,防止色牢度不合格,然后烘干得落布。
在所述活性染色时,红外线预烘的温度条件为500~900℃;阶梯升温式烘干的温度分别为60~70℃、80~90℃和100~110℃。以上措施都是为了防止升温过快使染料泳移造成布面花或染料泳移至织物表面造成布面牢度不合格等问题的出现。
固色液的配方为:盐250 g/L;纯碱20 g/L;烧碱4 g/L;其余为水。
第二次定型的温度条件为100~110℃,可防止后续染色过程出现涨幅或者收缩,通过定型将门幅提前拉到合适的门幅,温度低的话,效果太差,温度高的话,造成能源浪费。
在所述酸性染色时,将织物依次经过酸性染料浸轧、阶梯升温式烘干,然后再经气蒸、水洗、烘干。布料酸性染料轧过染液后,通过红外线和预烘房预烘防止泳移,通过气蒸营造染色环境,让染料能够更好地上染织物,并固着在织物上,然后经过水洗,洗去织物表面的浮色防止色牢度不合格,然后烘干得落布。
在所述酸性染色时,阶梯升温式烘干的温度分别为60~70℃、80~90℃和100~110℃。采用该阶梯式烘干温度的目的是将布面烘干,同时不能造成染料泳移或织物阴阳面。
第三次定型的温度条件为100~110℃,并采用定型剂。可提高门幅的稳定性,如温度太低,则没有效果,如温度太高,能源浪费,采用定型剂可以有效提升织物手感,提高织物的色牢度。
在第三次定型时采用的定型剂的配方为柔软剂DT-5258:10g/l;固色剂FR-2:20g/l;余量:水。采用该配方可有效保障成品面料的色牢度,并可获得较好的手感。
具体实施方式
一、处理对象:
生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力坯布,混纺比:
棉:75%;
生物基尼龙56:22%;
氨纶:3%。
二、长车染色处理工艺中几个要点说明:
1、冷堆:
冷堆机轧料的车速:50~70 m/min。
冷堆液配方:
NaOH:20~40 g/L;
H2O2:16~25 g/L;
精炼剂TA-160:5~8 g/L;
分散剂HSA:2~3 g/L;
余量:水。
堆置的环境温度:20~40℃。
堆置时间:24小时。
2、短蒸漂:
平幅进布,通过浸轧液的轧料后,再使坯布依次经过气蒸、水洗,然后落布。
为保障设备运转,以上轧料、气蒸、水洗、落布车速为40~60 m/min。
浸轧液配方:
分散剂HSA:2~3 g/l;
稳定剂HOP:4~6 g/l;
精炼剂TA-160:5~9 g/l;
NaOH:4~7 g/l;
H2O2:7~11 g/l;
余量:水。
浸轧液pH值:10~11。
气蒸用蒸箱温度:100~105℃。
水洗用水箱温度:90~95℃。
3、丝光:
丝光机车速:60~80 g/l。
碱浓:180~220g/l。
冲减温度:70~85℃。
丝光后采用水洗方式对碱进行中和:水洗用水的pH值为4~4.5。
4、定型1:
定型机车速:40~60 m/min。
烘房温度:195~205℃。
5、活性染色:
经浸轧染料后,先采用红外线预烘将织物烘干,再依次通过1#、2#和3#预烘房将布面烘干,然后再经过浸轧固色液、气蒸、水洗、烘干、落布。
以上各设备车速:30~50 m/min。
活性染色配方:
S-G黑:55 g/L;
RGBN金黄:3 g/L;
RGBN红:10 g/L;
其余为水。
红外线预烘温度:500~900℃。
三个预烘房预烘温度:
1#预烘房温度:60~70℃。
2#预烘房温度:80~90℃。
3#预烘房温度:100~110℃。
固色液配方:
盐:250 g/L;
纯碱:20 g/L;
烧碱:4 g/L;
其余为水。
气蒸用蒸箱温度:100~105℃。
水洗用水温度:1~3#:常温水洗;4~8#:热水洗(≥90℃);9~10#:常温水洗;
落布前烘干温度:90~130℃。
6、定型2
定型机车速:50~70℃。
烘房温度:100~110℃。
7、酸性染色:
经浸轧酸性染料后,再依次通过1#、2#和3#预烘房将布面烘干,然后再经气蒸、水洗、烘干、落布。
以上各设备车速:30~50 m/min。
酸性染料配方:
2S-LD黑:53 g/L;
NHFS红:2 g/L;
NHFS军兰:1.5 g/L;
其余为水。
三个预烘房温度:
1#预烘房温度:60~70℃。
2#预烘房温度:80~90℃。
3#预烘房温度:100~110℃。
气蒸用蒸箱温度:100~105℃。
水洗用水温度:1~3#:常温水洗;4~8#:热水洗(≥90℃);9~10#:常温水洗;
落布前烘干温度:90~130℃。
8、定型3:
定型机车速:50~70℃。
烘房温度:100~110℃。
定型剂配方:
柔软剂DT-5258:10 g/l;
固色剂FR-2:20 g/l;
余量:水。
9、预缩:
预缩机车速:50~70 m/min。
缩布率:0.5%。
三、成品内、外观质量及分析:
Figure 582653DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
可见,采用本发明工艺处理后的生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的内、外观质量各项指标测试性能优异。

Claims (6)

1.生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于将坯布先后进行冷堆、短蒸漂、丝光、第一次定型、活性染色、第二次定型、酸性染色、第三次定型和预缩;
第一次定型的温度条件为195~205℃,定型机车速:40~60m/min;
第二次定型的温度条件为100~110℃,定型机车速:50~70 m/min;
第三次定型的温度条件为100~110℃,并采用定型剂,定型机车速:50~70 m/min;
预缩步骤中预缩机车速:50~70m/min,缩布率:0.5%;
在所述活性染色时,将织物依次经过活性染料浸轧、红外线预烘、阶梯升温式烘干,然后再经过浸轧固色液、气蒸、水洗、烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于在所述活性染色时,红外线预烘的温度条件为500~900℃;阶梯升温式烘干的温度分别为60~70℃、80~90℃和100~110℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于固色液的配方为:盐250 g/L;纯碱20 g/L;烧碱4 g/L;其余为水。
4.根据权利要求1所述生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于在所述酸性染色时,将织物依次经过酸性染料浸轧、阶梯升温式烘干,然后再经气蒸、水洗、烘干。
5.根据权利要求4所述生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于在所述酸性染色时,阶梯升温式烘干的温度分别为60~70℃、80~90℃和100~110℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述生物基尼龙56与棉的混纺弹力布的长车生产工艺,其特征在于在第三次定型时采用的定型剂的配方为柔软剂DT-5258:10g/l;固色剂FR-2:20g/l;余量:水。
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