CN111615976A - Disease and pest prevention and control method for bagging-free pear orchard in alpine region - Google Patents
Disease and pest prevention and control method for bagging-free pear orchard in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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- CN111615976A CN111615976A CN202010349909.3A CN202010349909A CN111615976A CN 111615976 A CN111615976 A CN 111615976A CN 202010349909 A CN202010349909 A CN 202010349909A CN 111615976 A CN111615976 A CN 111615976A
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- pear
- bagging
- trapping
- alpine region
- orchard
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/14—Catching by adhesive surfaces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
An insect disease prevention and control method for a pear orchard without bagging in a severe cold area. The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing general method for preventing and treating the diseases and the insect pests of the pear orchard by using the agent in the alpine region is lack of pertinence, the pesticide application times are more, the waste is caused, the environmental pollution is aggravated, and the production data and the labor cost are increased and the fruit flavor is reduced in another method for preventing and treating fruit bagging. The disease and insect pest prevention and control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region adopts a mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times to prevent and control the disease and insect pest. Based on the fact that the pear fruit is not bagged, the medicine is used for 1+4 times every year, and the purpose of preventing and controlling diseases and pests is achieved. Compared with the conventional method, the method saves 3-4 times of pesticide per year, saves 20-30 yuan/mu of pesticide cost and 10-15 yuan/mu of pesticide spraying labor cost. The reduction of the application times is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment and producing safe pomes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a pest control method for a pear orchard without bagging in a high and cold area.
Background
The rapid development of logistics brings convenience to our lives, but the distribution of various fresh fruits and vegetables also provides convenience for the spread of harmful organisms to a certain extent, for example, only 2 types of budworms endangering a pear garden in Heilongjiang by 15 years ago: big food heartworm of pear, peach fruit borer, the borer that harms the pear garden has increased two kinds today: the fruit moth and apple moth are changed into four kinds. The generation period of various cardiophagemids is different and not centralized, and more than one generation occurs every year, which brings difficulty to the control.
At present, the common method in production (in alpine regions) is to perform chemical prevention and control once every 10-15 days after pear flowers fall, and 7-8 times of chemical spraying are performed every year. The method for solving the problem in the south of Liaoning is fruit bagging, the technology can solve the problem of the harm of the borer to a certain extent, but the production data and the labor input cost are increased, and meanwhile, the flavor of the bagged pear fruit is reduced and cannot be accepted by consumers in appearance. At present, some pest control methods related to pear gardens exist, but the pest control methods are based on fruit bagging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing general method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the insect pests of the pear orchard by using the agent in the alpine region is lack of pertinence, the pesticide application times are more, the waste is caused, the environmental pollution is aggravated, the production data and the labor cost are increased and the fruit flavor is reduced in another method for preventing and controlling the fruit bagging, and provides the method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the insect pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region.
The disease and insect pest prevention and control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region adopts a mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times to prevent and control the disease and insect pest, wherein the mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times is as follows:
firstly, the first application time is the flower bud expansion period of the pear tree;
and secondly, determining the time of the later four times of application according to the monitoring result of the number of the trapped and killed imagoes of the cardiotropha, counting the number of the trapped and killed imagoes of the cardiotropha every 3-4 days, drawing a curve graph, and spraying the pesticide within one week in a peak period.
Further, the first medication time in the step one is specifically in the middle and last ten days of 4 months.
Further, the first-time pesticide spraying agent in the step one is lime sulfur, and the concentration of the lime sulfur is 5 degrees Be.
Further limiting, the trapping and killing method in the second step is as follows: the pear tree branch is hung with a trapping device which is a basin or a trap house, and trapping is completed through a sex attractant trapping core arranged in the basin or the trap house.
Further, the specific suspension mode of the trapping and killing device is as follows: the suspension is suspended in the pear garden according to a 5-point method in the south, the east, the west and the north, the suspension point is located in the pear garden and is more than or equal to 5 meters away from the edge of the pear garden, and the suspension height is 1.5-1.8 meters away from the ground.
Further limiting, in order to reduce the influence of direct sunlight on the service life of the neutral attractant attracting core of the trapping and killing device, the hanging point of the trapping and killing device is selected on the branch of the pear tree which faces to the outside in the northeast direction.
Further limiting, when the trapping and killing device is a basin, adding water when the height of the water surface in the basin from the bottom of the trapping core is larger than 4cm, adding water to 3 drain holes which are 1.5cm away from the upper edge of the basin, wherein the 3 drain holes are horizontally arranged at equal distances.
Further limiting, the sticky plates are replaced irregularly according to the sticky plate sticking efficiency when the trapping and killing device is the pest trapping room.
Further defined, the lure core in the trapping and killing device is replaced once a month.
Further limiting, the time of the last four administrations in the step two is as follows: the first medication time is 5 months later, the second medication time is 6 months middle, the third medication time is from 7 months top to middle, the fourth medication time is 8 months top, and the specific medication time is determined by the trapping and killing result.
And further limiting, all the medicaments used in the last four times of administration in the step two are mixed medicaments consisting of 1500 times of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution of 4.5 percent, 4000 times of abamectin emulsifiable solution of 1.8 percent, 8000 times of flusilazole emulsifiable solution of 40 percent and 700-800 times of mancozeb powder of 70 percent, and each medicament is respectively diluted and mixed together during dispensing, and then the required concentration is determined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable effects as follows:
1. based on the fact that the pear fruit is not bagged, the medicine is used for 1+4 times every year, and the purpose of preventing and controlling diseases and pests is achieved. Compared with the conventional method, the method saves 3-4 times of pesticide per year, saves 20-30 yuan/mu of pesticide cost and 10-15 yuan/mu of pesticide spraying labor cost. The reduction of the application times is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment and producing safe pomes.
2. The hanging point when hanging the trapping and killing device is selected on the branch of the pear tree towards the outside in the northeast of the east, so that the direct sunlight can be effectively reduced, and the service effect and the period of the neutral attractant core of the trapping and killing device are ensured.
3. The last time of administration is 8 months earlier, and the time is different from 20 to 50 days of the mature period of the fruit. Completely within the safety interval.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: according to the method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region, the diseases and the pests are prevented and controlled by adopting a mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times, wherein the mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times is as follows:
firstly, spraying pesticide for the first time in the flowering bud expanding period of the pear tree, specifically in the middle and last 4 months, wherein the pesticide sprayed for the first time is lime sulphur, the concentration of the lime sulphur is 5 Be, the pesticide is sprayed on all parts of the pear tree, especially crotch parts, by selecting windless and clear natural weather;
secondly, determining the time of the later four times of application according to the monitoring result of the number of the trapped and killed adults of the cardiotropha, counting the number of the trapped and killed adults of the cardiotropha every 3-4 days, drawing a curve chart, and spraying in a week in a peak period;
the trapping and killing method comprises the following steps: hang the basin on the pear branch, lure the core to accomplish through the sex attractant that sets up in the basin and lure to kill, and concrete mode of hanging is: the method comprises the following steps of (1) hanging the pear garden at the middle 5 points of the south, east, west and north, wherein the hanging points are located in the pear garden and 10 meters away from the edge of the pear garden, the hanging height is 1.5 meters away from the ground, in order to reduce the service life of the sex attractant attracting core influenced by direct sunlight, the hanging points are selected on the branches of the pear tree on the outer side in the north east, north and south, when the height of the water surface in a basin from the bottom of the attracting core is more than 4cm, water is added to drain holes 1.5cm away from the upper edge of the basin, the 3 drain holes are horizontally arranged at equal distances, and the attracting core is;
the time for the last four administrations is as follows: the first application time is 5 months later, and the traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used for preventing oriental fruit moth, psylla chinensis and pear scab; the second application time is 6 in the middle of the month, and the pesticide mainly prevents oriental fruit moth, codling moth, peach oriental fruit moth, pear psylla and pear scab; the third application time is from the first 7 th to the middle 7 th month, and the pesticide mainly prevents peach fruit borers, pear fruit borers, codling moths, pear psyllids and pear scab; the fourth application time is 8 days before the month, and the pesticide mainly prevents codling moth, oriental fruit moth, peach oriental fruit moth, pear psylla and pear scab;
the agents used in the last four times of administration are all mixed agents consisting of 1500 times of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution of 4.5 percent, 4000 times of abamectin emulsifiable solution of 1.8 percent, 8000 times of flusilazole emulsifiable solution of 40 percent and 700-800 times of mancozeb powder of 70 percent, and each agent is respectively diluted and mixed together when in dispensing, and then the required concentration is determined by constant volume.
The second embodiment is as follows: according to the method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region, the diseases and the pests are prevented and controlled by adopting a mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times, wherein the mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times is as follows:
spraying the first pesticide in the cracking period of the flower bud scales of the pear trees, particularly in the middle and last 4 months, wherein the first pesticide is a lime sulfur mixture with the concentration of 5 Be, and the first pesticide is sprayed to all parts of the pear trees, particularly crotch parts, by selecting windless and clear natural gas;
secondly, determining the time of the four subsequent administrations according to the monitoring result of the number of the trapped and killed cardiotropha, counting the number of the trapped and killed cardiotropha every 3-4 days, drawing a curve graph, and spraying in one week in a peak period;
the trapping and killing method comprises the following steps: hang the room of luring worm on the branch of pear, lure the core to accomplish through the sex attractant that sets up in the room of luring worm and lure to kill, and the concrete mode of hanging is: the pest trapping house is suspended inside a pear garden according to a 5-point method in the south, east, west and north, suspension points are located in the pear garden and are 10 meters away from the edge of the pear garden, the suspension height is 1.5 meters away from the ground, in order to reduce the service life of the sex attractant core-trapping influenced by direct sunlight, the suspension points are selected on the branches outside the north east of the pear tree in the north, the pest sticking plates in the pest trapping house are replaced irregularly according to the pest sticking efficiency, and the core-trapping house is replaced once a month;
the time for the last four administrations is as follows: the first application time is 5 months later, and the traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used for preventing oriental fruit moth, psylla chinensis and pear scab; the second application time is 6 in the middle of the month, and the pesticide mainly prevents oriental fruit moth, codling moth, peach oriental fruit moth, pear psylla and pear scab; the third application time is from the first 7 th to the middle 7 th month, and the pesticide mainly prevents peach fruit borers, pear fruit borers, codling moths, pear psyllids and pear scab; the fourth application time is 8 days before the month, and the pesticide mainly prevents codling moth, oriental fruit moth, peach oriental fruit moth, pear psylla and pear scab;
the agents used in the last four times of administration are all mixed agents consisting of 1500 times of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution of 4.5 percent, 4000 times of abamectin emulsifiable solution of 1.8 percent, 8000 times of flusilazole emulsifiable solution of 40 percent and 700-800 times of mancozeb powder of 70 percent, and each agent is respectively diluted and mixed together when in dispensing, and then the required concentration is determined by constant volume.
Claims (10)
1. The disease and pest prevention and control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region is characterized by comprising the following steps of performing disease and pest prevention and control by adopting a mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times, wherein the mode of taking medicines for 1+4 times is as follows:
firstly, the first application time is the flower bud expansion period of the pear tree;
and secondly, determining the time of the later four times of application according to the monitoring result of the number of the trapped and killed imagoes of the cardiotropha, counting the number of the trapped and killed imagoes of the cardiotropha every 3-4 days, drawing a curve graph, and spraying the pesticide within one week in a peak period.
2. The pest control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein the first application time in the first step is specifically in the middle and last ten days of 4 months.
3. The method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the pests of the bagging-free pear orchard in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, the first pesticide spraying agent is lime sulphur at a concentration of 5 ° Be.
4. The pest and disease prevention and control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the trapping and killing mode in the second step is as follows: the pear tree branch is hung with a trapping device which is a basin or a trap house, and trapping is completed through a sex attractant trapping core arranged in the basin or the trap house.
5. The pest control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein the specific hanging mode of the trapping and killing device is as follows: the suspension is suspended in the pear garden according to a 5-point method in the south, the east, the west and the north, the suspension point is located in the pear garden and is more than or equal to 5 meters away from the edge of the pear garden, and the suspension height is 1.5-1.8 meters away from the ground.
6. The pest control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region, according to claim 5, is characterized in that in order to reduce the influence of direct sunlight on the service life of the neutral attractant attracting core of the trapping and killing device, the hanging point of the trapping and killing device is selected on the branch of a pear tree on the outside in the northeast of the north.
7. The method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region is characterized in that when the trapping and killing device is a basin, water is added when the height of the water surface in the basin from the bottom of the trapping core is larger than 4cm, and the water is added to a drain hole which is 1.5cm away from the upper edge of the basin.
8. The method for preventing and controlling the diseases and the pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein the sticking plates are replaced irregularly according to the sticking efficiency of the sticking plates when the trapping and killing device is a pest trapping room.
9. The disease and pest control method for the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein the time for the last four times of medication in the second step is specifically as follows: the first medication time is 5 months later, the second medication time is 6 months middle, the third medication time is from 7 months top to middle, and the fourth medication time is 8 months top.
10. The method for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of the pear orchard without bagging in the alpine region is characterized in that in the second step, all the agents used for the last four times of administration are mixed agents consisting of 1500 times of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution 4.5%, 4000 times of abamectin emulsifiable solution 1.8%, 8000 times of flusilazole emulsifiable solution 40% and 700-800 times of zineb powder 70%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010349909.3A CN111615976A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Disease and pest prevention and control method for bagging-free pear orchard in alpine region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010349909.3A CN111615976A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Disease and pest prevention and control method for bagging-free pear orchard in alpine region |
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| CN111615976A true CN111615976A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| CN202010349909.3A Pending CN111615976A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Disease and pest prevention and control method for bagging-free pear orchard in alpine region |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101142912A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Medicine for treating and preventing bag fruit from disease and preparation method thereof |
| US20130273278A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2013-10-17 | Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. | Agricultural chemical composition and fruit bag |
| CN103518568A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 中国农业大学 | Method for comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in northern pear gardens |
| CN104351152A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 山东省果树研究所 | Device for monitoring, predicting and controlling of oriental fruit moth in orchard and working method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-04-28 CN CN202010349909.3A patent/CN111615976A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101142912A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Medicine for treating and preventing bag fruit from disease and preparation method thereof |
| US20130273278A1 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2013-10-17 | Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. | Agricultural chemical composition and fruit bag |
| CN103518568A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 中国农业大学 | Method for comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in northern pear gardens |
| CN104351152A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 山东省果树研究所 | Device for monitoring, predicting and controlling of oriental fruit moth in orchard and working method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 江苏省如东县大豫镇人民政府编: "《大豫镇志 上》", 31 March 2016, 方志出版社 * |
| 青钱柳: "《梨树化肥农药控量减害增效技术》", 《河北农民报》 * |
| 马祥华: "《植物检验检疫监督管理与危险性有害生物检疫鉴定标准应用手册》", 30 June 2005, 宁夏大地音像出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200904 |