CN111593601B - 一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法,包括镜面透明膜的制备、基材预压平衡处理和镜面装饰板材的生产等步骤。本发明通过制作能有效提高光泽度透明度的镜面透明膜,然后对基材板进行预压平衡处理获得表面密实平整水分减少的基材板,配合浸渍装饰纸和热压工艺,将材料中的水分缓慢充分地散发出来,使镜面透明膜和高光泽度钢模板充分接触,亮光剂完全反应,表面形成完全固化的透明膜层,极大地提高了板面光泽度和饱和度,板面表面光泽度超过110°。本发明获得的镜面装饰板外观饱满度好,板面光亮如镜,美观大方,无瑕疵,耐磨耐划,色牢度高,性能优异,环保健康,板面质量稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及装饰板材生产技术领域,尤指一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法。
背景技术
随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高,传统装饰板材已经很难满足现今消费者的多样化需求,而高亮光饰面板表面具有光滑亮丽的绚丽效果,越来越受到消费者的青睐,广泛应用于家具、建筑装修等领域,发展前景广阔。市面上高亮光饰面板产品主要有油漆板、PVC膜或亚克力复合板和三聚氰胺贴面板。油漆高亮光板容易刮伤,不耐磨,色牢度低,生产工艺较复杂,生产效率低,且对环境造成污染。PVC膜或亚克力复合高亮光板生产工艺简单,但成本高,可选择性少。现有的三聚氰胺高亮光板生产工艺,文件CN102335934B公开了一种高亮光浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板及其制作工艺,主要是采用高亮光浸渍胶膜纸和人造板基材通过热压而成,这种生产工艺不成熟,产品光泽度和饱和度不够,耐磨耐划性能差。同时,随着个性化定制家具发展,多品种小批量的产品生产方式越来越多,现有的三聚氰胺高亮光板无法满足多品种小批量的浸胶要求,高亮光浸渍胶膜纸储存期短,导致饰面的板面质量不稳定。因此,研究开发一种耐磨耐划、板面质量稳定的镜面装饰板材具有重大的现实意义和广阔的市场前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺陷,提供一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法,解决了现有三聚氰胺贴面高亮光板光泽度和饱和度不够,容易刮花,无法满足多品种小批量的生产要求,高亮光浸渍胶膜纸储存期短,压贴板面质量不稳定的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.镜面透明膜的制备:
S11.透明膜开卷及预处理;
S12.将透明膜浸渍脲醛树脂浸渍液,然后烘干;其中脲醛树脂浸渍液包括如下重量份组分:脲醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.3~0.6份,固化剂0.6~0.8份;
S13.烘干后的透明膜冷却后双面涂布胺醛树脂涂布液,再次烘干,冷却备用;其中胺醛树脂涂布液包括如下重量份组分:胺醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.2~0.4份,脱模剂0.1~0.3份,固化剂0.5~0.8份,亮光剂3.0~5.0份,耐刮剂0.3~0.5份;
S2.基材预压平衡处理:
S21.将基材置于热压机中预压;预压采用哑光效果的平面钢模板,预压的温度为110~130℃,压力为8~10MPa,时间为150~200S;
S22.把预压后的基材进行陈放养生处理,在自然条件下放置2-4天,注意防潮保护;
S3.镜面装饰板材的生产:按照从上至下镜面透明膜、正面装饰纸、基材、背面装饰纸的叠加顺序进行组坯热压,压贴后修边即得成品;所述热压工艺如下:闭合压机后压力升到13~16MPa,打开加热系统6~8min,升温到120~130℃,保温保压8~12min,关闭加热系统,打开冷却系统4~8min,降温到40~70℃,第一次卸压到9~13MPa,保持250~350S,第二次卸压到5~7MPa,保持90~110S,第三次卸压到2~4MPa,保持40~60S,然后打开压机出板修边即得成品。
本发明通过制作能有效提高光泽度透明度的镜面透明膜,然后通过钢模板和工艺设计对基材板进行预压平衡处理获得表面密实平整水分减少的基材板,配合浸渍装饰纸和热压工艺,将材料中的水分缓慢充分地散发出来,使镜面透明膜和高光泽度钢模板充分接触,亮光剂完全反应,表面形成完全固化的透明膜层,极大地提高了板面光泽度和饱和度,板面表面光泽度超过110°。获得的镜面装饰板外观饱满度好,板面光亮如镜,美观大方,无瑕疵,耐磨耐划,板面质量稳定。
本发明中采用的冷热循环压贴工艺可以使材料中的水分缓慢充分地散发出来,亮光剂充分反应,表面形成完全固化的透明膜层,使板面饱和度高,光亮如镜,分段卸压可有效避免质量缺陷的产生。
优选地,所述热压是通过带冷热循环系统的多层热压机来实现,冷热循环系统包括加热源、冷却源、水塔、输送管道和循环管道等,加热介质为蒸汽,冷却介质为冷水。本发明通过冷热循环系统实现快速加热和降温,多层双面同时压贴极大的提高了生产效率。
在本发明中,热压时采用的上钢模板光泽度为600~750°,下钢模板光泽度为50~70°。热压时上钢模板光泽度为600~750°,下钢模板光泽度为50~70°,形成正面高亮光,背面哑光对比明显的结构,同时节约成本。
优选地,S12中所述脲醛树脂由如下重量份组分组成:甲醛100份,尿素82~84份,水10~20份,复合添加剂7~12份,甲醛和尿素的摩尔比F/U<0.94。减少甲醛用量,降低镜面透明膜的甲醛释放量。
具体地,S13中所述胺醛树脂由如下重量份组分组成:甲醛100份,三聚氰胺105~110份,水40~60份,复合添加剂9~12份。优选地,所述复合添加剂包括水性聚氨酯、甲基丙烯酸和硅酸盐,质量比为4:2:1,S13所述固化剂包括盐酸和六亚甲基四胺,质量比为0.2:1,渗透剂为脂肪酸聚乙烯醚,脱模剂为高级脂肪酸,亮光剂为丙烯酸树脂,提高产品的光泽度和透明度,耐刮剂为聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷,提高产品的耐刮伤能力。
优选地,所述镜面透明膜的原纸克重为25~45g/m2,浸胶量为110~140%,挥发份为5.5~7.0%,预固化度为60~80%,甲醛释放量≤0.15mg/L。透明膜可保护正面装饰纸,增强产品的表面性能。
具体地,所述装饰纸为浸渍装饰纸,所述浸渍装饰纸克重为70~80g/m2,正面装饰纸浸胶量为110~130%,挥发份为4.5~6.0%,预固化度为55~70%,甲醛释放量≤0.3mg/L,背面装饰纸浸胶量为130~150%,挥发份为5.0~8.0%,预固化度45~70%,甲醛释放量≤0.3mg/L。
具体地,本发明所述的基材均为市场上可以轻易购得的产品。可以选择细木工板、刨花板、纤维板、胶合板或其它人造板等。由于纤维板纤维组织均匀,纤维间的胶合强度高,故它的静曲强度、平面抗拉强度、弹性模数好;表面平整、光滑,便于胶粘刨制薄木和薄页纸等饰面材料,且便于涂饰和节约涂料。优选地,本发明所述基材为镂铣型纤维板,密度为0.80~0.85g/cm3,甲醛含量≤3mg/100g,含水率5.0~6.0%,厚度为5~25mm。
具体地,S12所述烘干条件为在130~145℃下烘35~45s,S13所述再次烘干条件为在140~160℃下烘50~60s。
在本发明中,镜面透明膜甲醛释放量≤0.15mg/L,浸渍装饰纸甲醛释放量≤0.3mg/L,预压平衡处理使镂铣型纤维板甲醛含量降到2mg/100g以下,再经过冷热循环工艺压贴,进一步释放材料中的甲醛含量,使最终成品的甲醛释放量≤0.03mg/m3,满足当前市场环保健康的需求。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益技术效果:
(1)本发明通过在装饰纸表面覆盖含耐刮剂的镜面透明膜,不仅可以保护装饰纸,使产品不易刮伤,还能提高产品的耐磨性能和色牢度,解决了现有技术产品容易刮伤,不耐磨,色牢度低的问题,同时可以满足多品种小批量的生产要求,解决高亮光浸渍胶膜纸储存期短,压贴质量不稳定的问题。
(2)本发明通过对基材板进行预压平衡处理,提高基材板的尺寸稳定性,搭配不同理化性能的浸渍胶膜纸进行双面同时压贴,使得产品尺寸稳定,抗变形,解决了现有技术产品容易变形,厚度偏薄的问题,扩大了镜面装饰板材的使用范围。
(3)本发明采用冷热循环和分段卸压的热压工艺,将材料中的水分缓慢充分地散发出来,使镜面透明膜和高光泽度钢模板充分接触,亮光剂完全反应,表面形成完全固化的透明膜层,极大地提高了板面光泽度和饱和度,表面光泽度超过110°,外观饱满度好,板面光亮如镜,美观大方。
(4)本发明可进行多层双面同时压贴,一次可生产多张成品,图案花纹丰富多样,形成正面高亮光,背面哑光对比明显的结构,同时节约成本,生产工艺简单易行,可实现规模化生产,生产成本低效率高,产品理化性能优异,解决了现有技术生产工艺复杂,效率低成本高的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明镜面装饰板材的结构图。
附图标号说明:1.镜面透明膜;2.正面装饰纸;3.基材;4.背面装饰纸。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加简洁明了,本发明将用以下具体实施例进行阐明,但本发明绝非仅限于这些实施例。以下实施例仅为本发明较优选的实施例,且仅用于阐述本发明,不能理解为对本发明的范围的限制。应当指出的是,凡在本发明的实质和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
实施例1
厚度为18mm镜面装饰板材的生产方法如下:
S1.镜面透明膜的制备:
S11.透明膜开卷及预处理;
S12.将透明膜浸渍脲醛树脂浸渍液,其中脲醛树脂浸渍液的质量配比如下:脲醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.3份,固化剂0.8份;所述脲醛树脂的质量配比如下:甲醛100份,尿素82份,水16份,复合添加剂11份;
S13.浸渍后的透明膜进入烘箱,在140℃下烘45s;
S14.第一次烘干后的透明膜冷却后双面涂布胺醛树脂涂布液,其中胺醛树脂涂布液的质量配比如下:胺醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.3份,脱模剂0.2份,固化剂0.5份,亮光剂4.0份,耐刮剂0.5份;所述固化剂包括盐酸和六亚甲基四胺,质量比为0.2:1,渗透剂为脂肪酸聚乙烯醚,脱模剂为高级脂肪酸,亮光剂为丙烯酸树脂,耐刮剂为聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷;所述胺醛树脂的质量配比如下:甲醛100份,三聚氰胺105份,水55份,复合添加剂12份;所述复合添加剂包括水性聚氨酯、甲基丙烯酸和硅酸盐,质量比为4:2:1;
S15.涂胶后的透明膜再次进入烘箱,在150℃下烘55s;
S16.二次烘干完后冷却,进入裁剪机截成所需的长度,得镜面透明膜备用,镜面透明膜的原纸克重为25g/m2,浸胶量为118%,挥发份为5.5%,预固化度为70%,甲醛释放量0.1mg/L。
S2.浸渍装饰纸的制备:
按照CN106498804B《一种低甲醛释放的浸渍胶膜纸的生产方法》公开的方法制作浸渍装饰纸备用,浸渍装饰纸原纸克重均为70g/m2,正面装饰纸浸胶量为115%,挥发份为5.0%,预固化度为60%,甲醛释放量0.2mg/L,背面装饰纸浸胶量为140%,挥发份为6.5%,预固化度为45%,甲醛释放量0.2mg/L。
S3.基材预压平衡处理:
S31.将密度为0.84g/cm3,甲醛含量2mg/100g,含水率5.5%,厚度为18mm的镂铣型纤维板置于热压机中预压,预压用的是哑光效果的平面钢模板,预压的温度为120℃,压力为8MPa,时间为160S;
S32.把预压后的基材进行陈放养生处理,在自然条件下放置2-4天,注意防潮保护。
S4.镜面装饰板材的生产:
将背面装饰纸、镂铣型纤维板、正面装饰纸和镜面透明膜自下而上铺在带冷热循环系统的多层热压机的进板台上,送进热压机,热压机上钢模板光泽度为600°,下钢模板光泽度为50°,闭合压机后压力升到13MPa,打开加热系统6min,升温到120℃,保温保压10min,关闭加热系统,打开冷却系统5min,降温到50℃,第一次卸压到11MPa,保持300S,第二次卸压到6MPa,保持100S,第三次卸压到3MPa,保持50S,然后打开压机出板修边即得厚度为18mm镜面装饰板材。
将上述实施例1制备的镜面装饰板材与市场上购买的的同规格的油漆高亮光板、PVC膜高亮光板和三聚氰胺贴面高亮光板进行性能检测,结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1与其他高亮光饰面板理化性能检测结果对比
由表1可知,本发明制得的镜面装饰板材与市场上其他高亮光饰面板相比,光泽度更高,凸显镜面效果,耐磨耐划性能更好,色牢度更高,更环保健康,理化性能更优异。
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导,本发明所属领域的技术人员还可以对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此,本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式,对发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。此外,尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语,但这些术语只是为了方便说明,并不对本发明构成任何限制。
Claims (8)
1.一种镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1.镜面透明膜的制备:
S11.透明膜开卷及预处理;
S12.将透明膜浸渍脲醛树脂浸渍液,然后烘干;其中脲醛树脂浸渍液包括如下重量份组分:脲醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.3~0.6份,固化剂0.6~0.8份;
S13.烘干后的透明膜冷却后双面涂布胺醛树脂涂布液,再次烘干,冷却备用;其中胺醛树脂涂布液包括如下重量份组分:胺醛树脂100份,渗透剂0.2~0.4份,脱模剂0.1~0.3份,固化剂0.5~0.8份,亮光剂3.0~5.0份,耐刮剂0.3~0.5份;
S2.基材预压平衡处理:
S21.将基材置于热压机中预压;预压采用哑光效果的平面钢模板,预压的温度为110~130℃,压力为8~10MPa,时间为150~200S;
S22.把预压后的基材进行陈放养生处理,在自然条件下放置2-4天,注意防潮保护;
S3.镜面装饰板材的生产:按照从上至下镜面透明膜、正面装饰纸、基材、背面装饰纸的叠加顺序进行组坯热压,压贴后修边即得成品;所述热压工艺如下:闭合压机后压力升到13~16MPa,打开加热系统6~8min,升温到120~130℃,保温保压8~12min,关闭加热系统,打开冷却系统4~8min,降温到40~70℃,第一次卸压到9~13MPa,保持250~350S,第二次卸压到5~7MPa,保持90~110S,第三次卸压到2~4MPa,保持40~60S,然后打开压机出板修边即得成品;
所述热压是通过带冷热循环系统的多层热压机来实现,冷热循环系统包括加热源、冷却源、水塔、输送管道和循环管道,加热介质为蒸汽,冷却介质为冷水;热压时采用的上钢模板光泽度为600~750°,下钢模板光泽度为50~70°。
2.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,S12中所述脲醛树脂由如下重量份组分组成:甲醛100份,尿素82~84份,水10~20份,复合添加剂7~12份,甲醛和尿素的摩尔比F/U<0.94。
3.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,S13中所述胺醛树脂由如下重量份组分组成:甲醛100份,三聚氰胺105~110份,水40~60份,复合添加剂9~12份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,所述复合添加剂包括水性聚氨酯、甲基丙烯酸和硅酸盐,质量比为4:2:1,S13所述固化剂包括盐酸和六亚甲基四胺,质量比为0.2:1,渗透剂为脂肪酸聚乙烯醚,脱模剂为高级脂肪酸,亮光剂为丙烯酸树脂,耐刮剂为聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,所述镜面透明膜的原纸克重为25~45 g/m2,浸胶量为110~140%,挥发份为5.5~7.0%,预固化度为60~80%,甲醛释放量≤0.15mg/L。
6.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,所述装饰纸为浸渍装饰纸,所述浸渍装饰纸克重为70~80 g/m2,正面装饰纸浸胶量为110~130%,挥发份为4.5~6.0%,预固化度为55~70%,甲醛释放量≤0.3mg/L,背面装饰纸浸胶量为130~150%,挥发份为5.0~8.0%,预固化度为45~70%,甲醛释放量≤0.3mg/L。
7.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,所述基材为镂铣型纤维板,密度为0.80~0.85g/cm3,甲醛含量≤3mg/100g,含水率5.0~6.0%,厚度为5~25mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的镜面装饰板材的生产方法,其特征在于,S12所述烘干条件为在130~145℃下烘35~45s,S13所述再次烘干条件为在140~160℃下烘50~60s。
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