CN111566372A - 双层湿式摩擦材料 - Google Patents

双层湿式摩擦材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111566372A
CN111566372A CN201980007311.1A CN201980007311A CN111566372A CN 111566372 A CN111566372 A CN 111566372A CN 201980007311 A CN201980007311 A CN 201980007311A CN 111566372 A CN111566372 A CN 111566372A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
proportion
wet friction
layer sheet
base
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201980007311.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
拉希德·法拉哈尼
穆拉特·巴甘
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of CN111566372A publication Critical patent/CN111566372A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
    • F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/067—Wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107—Ceramic
    • B32B2264/108—Carbon, e.g. graphite particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/22—Fibres of short length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/30—Fillers, e.g. particles, powders, beads, flakes, spheres, chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/744—Non-slip, anti-slip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/16—Clay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/18—Cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2377/00—Polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2475/00—Frictional elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种制造湿式摩擦材料的方法。该方法包括：获得基层片；获得外层片；和将外层片和基层片层压在一起来形成湿式摩擦材料。基层片包括一定比例的第一纤维材料和一定比例的第一填充材料，并且外层片包括一定比例的第二纤维材料和一定比例的第二填充材料。第二纤维材料的比例小于第一纤维材料的比例，并且第二填充材料的比例大于第一填充材料的比例。

Description

双层湿式摩擦材料
技术领域
本公开总地涉及转矩变换器中使用的摩擦离合器和板以及机动车辆变速器，并且更具体地涉及湿式摩擦材料。
背景技术
湿式摩擦离合器中的摩擦材料一般在浸油环境中运行，并且常常是用来形成摩擦材料环的纸基材料。最先进的技术的湿式摩擦材料在原纸的顶部使用涂敷填料。已知的是，在造纸工艺期间，当纸基材料沿着传送机移动时，在长网造纸机中在机器的湿端直接将以商品名CELITE出售的硅藻土喷射或喷洒到基材的顶部。对于非常大量的纸，这种工艺是良好的，但是在初始设定期间存在大量浪费，因此对于较少量的生产是不实际的。
美国公布2017/0089415公开了包括形成纸复合物的底层和顶层的摩擦材料，其中通过激光器在顶表面中产生孔隙。
美国公布2017/0261057、美国公布2006/0008635、美国公布2017/0335913和美国专利9,499,759公开了包括两层或更多层的摩擦材料。
发明内容
提供了一种制造湿式摩擦材料的方法。该方法包括：获得基层片；获得外层片；和将外层片和基层片层压在一起来形成湿式摩擦材料。基层片包括一定比例的第一纤维材料和一定比例的第一填充材料，并且外层片包括一定比例的第二纤维材料和一定比例的第二填充材料。第二纤维材料的比例小于第一纤维材料的比例，并且第二填充材料的比例大于第一填充材料的比例。
根据方法的实施例，基层片具有第一厚度，外层片具有第二厚度，湿式摩擦材料可以具有等于第一厚度加上第二厚度的总厚度，并且第二厚度可以为总厚度的10％至30％。第二填充材料可以由盘形硅藻土构成。第二纤维材料可以由纤维素纤维构成。第一填充材料可以由一种或多种填料形成，该一种或多种填料来自由硅藻土、黏土和/或石墨构成的组。第一填充材料可以由硅藻土构成。第一纤维材料可以由芳族聚酰胺纤维和纤维素纤维构成。第一纤维材料可以由芳族聚酰胺纤维构成。第一纤维比例按照重量百分比计可以为外层片的35％至60％。硅藻土按照重量百分比计可以形成外层片的35％至55％。将外层片层压在基层片上可以包括将粘合剂设置到基层片的多孔基质中，并且向外层片施加热量和压力来将外层片和基层片固定在一起。
还提供了一种离合器组件，其包括金属部件和固定在金属部件上的湿式摩擦材料。
还提供了一种湿式摩擦材料。该湿式摩擦材料包括基层片和层压到基层片上的外层片。基层片包括一定比例的第一纤维材料和一定比例的第一填充材料。外层片包括一定比例的第二纤维材料和一定比例的第二填充材料。第二纤维材料的比例小于第一纤维材料的比例。第二填充材料的比例大于第一填充材料的比例。
根据湿式摩擦材料的实施例，基层片具有第一厚度，并且外层片具有第二厚度，湿式摩擦材料可以具有等于第一厚度加上第二厚度的总厚度，并且第二厚度可以为总厚度的10％至30％。第二填充材料可以由硅藻土构成。第二纤维材料可以由纤维素纤维构成。第一填充材料可以由硅藻土构成。第一纤维材料可以由芳族聚酰胺纤维或芳族聚酰胺纤维和纤维素纤维构成。第一纤维比例按照重量百分比计可以为基层片的35％至60％。硅藻土按照重量百分比计可以形成外层片的35％至55％。
附图说明
以下参照附图来描述本公开，其中：
图1示出根据本公开的一个实施例的用于形成湿式摩擦材料的基层片和外层片；
图2示出层压到基层片的外层片；
图3示出所产生的层压的湿式摩擦材料；
图4示出固定到金属离合器部件的湿式摩擦材料；和
图5示出包括外层片中具有孔的湿式摩擦材料的转矩变换器的锁止离合器组件。
具体实施方式
本公开提供了湿式摩擦材料的实施例，通过设置层压在由合成纤维形成的厚基层片的顶部上的、具有有效摩擦性能的薄层，该湿式摩擦材料在高温应用下(例如150℃或更高)表现出耐久性和有效的摩擦性能，该薄层包括纤维和具有高百分比的填料，该纤维为至少90％的纤维素纤维并且在一个实施例中为100％的纤维素纤维。
图1至图4示意性地示出了根据本公开的实施例的形成湿式摩擦材料的方法和离合器组件。湿式摩擦材料基层10与外层片12分离地加工。与在造纸工艺期间将摩擦改性剂添加到基层的常规技术相反，图1示出作为预成型的分离件的基层片10和外层片12。
基层片10是由纤维、填充材料和粘合剂形成的湿式摩擦材料。在一个优选的实施例中，纤维是按照重量百分比计的60％至100％的合成纤维，例如芳族聚酰胺纤维，但是也可以包括纤维素纤维、碳纤维和/或玻璃纤维。在另一个优选的实施例中，纤维是按照重量百分比计的75％至90％的合成纤维。纤维素纤维可以为棉绒或木浆的形式。填料可以是硅藻土和/或黏土。粘合剂可以是酚醛树脂、乳胶或硅烷。可选地，基层10中也可以包括比如石墨的摩擦改性剂。
外层片12包括纤维、填充材料和粘合剂。纤维可以由纤维素纤维构成。填料由圆柱形的、随机的或盘形的硅藻土构成。在一个优选的实施例中，硅藻土颗粒具有30至80微米的平均直径。粘合剂可以是酚醛树脂、乳胶或硅烷。可选地，外层12中也可以包括比如石墨的摩擦改性剂。外层片12的成分包括相较于基层片10更高比率的填充材料和更低比率的纤维，使得外层片12相较于基层片10孔更少并且更浓稠，具有比基层片10更高的摩擦系数和比基层片10更高的耐磨性。层10和12的纤维具有25至35微米的平均直径和1至2毫米的平均长度。
在一些优选的实施例中，基层10包括按照重量百分比计的35％至60％的纤维、15％至40％的填充材料和20％至30％的粘合剂。更具体而言，对于较高温度的应用，基层片可以包括按照重量百分比计的35％至55％的芳族聚酰胺纤维、15％至40％的填料和20％至30％的粘合剂，填料在一些优选的实施例中仅由硅藻土构成。
外层片12由35％至55％的硅藻土、15％至40％的纤维素纤维和20％至30％的粘合剂构成。
图2示出了经由层压接合在一起的两个分离的层10、12。层压包括通过热板14将外层12按压在基层10上以使层10、12中的至少一者中的粘合剂硬化，从而将外层12和基层10固定在一起。将粘合剂设置到由层10、12的纤维和填充材料形成的基质的孔隙中。当外层片12的下表面12b安置在支撑表面上时，将热板14压靠在外层片12的外表面12a上的力导致粘合剂积聚在外层片12的内表面12b和基层片10的外表面10a的交界面处，而粘合剂通过热板14的热量的固化在基层片10与外层片12之间产生永久连接。在一个优选的实施例中，板14的与外层片的外表面12a接触的表面14a处的热量为375至425华氏度。
层10、12通过粘着剂或物理相互作用附接到彼此，物理相互作用可以包括氢键键合和偶极-偶极相互作用。氢键键合涉及与F、O、N原子中的一者化学键合的H原子与附近存在的F、O、N原子中的另一者之间的分子间相互作用。这些相互作用主要发生在极性化合物之间。由于纤维素和硅藻土中存在羟基(-OH)并且芳族聚酰胺纤维中存在酰胺基(-NHC＝O)，因此在纸化合物的分离层之间发生氢键键合。当层10、12放在一起时，其在生产期间具有足够的粘合强度，并且酚醛树脂也可以用于在最终用途中提供材料的主要强度。
图3示出了通过针对图2所述的基层片10和外层片12的接合而形成的湿式摩擦材料16。湿式摩擦材料16形成为使得外层片12在外表面12a与内表面12b之间具有厚度T1，基层片14在外表面10a与下表面10b之间具有厚度T2，并且湿式摩擦材料16在外表面10a与下表面10b之间具有总厚度T3。在一个优选的实施例中，外层片12的厚度T2等于总厚度T3的10％至30％，因此基层片10的厚度T1为总厚度T3的70％至90％。
图4示出了粘合到金属部件18的湿式摩擦材料16。更具体而言，将粘着剂施加到基层片10的下表面10b或金属部件18的表面18a，并且将湿式摩擦材料16以表面12a背向金属部件18的方式粘合到金属部件18。
图5示出了粘合到金属部件的两侧的湿式摩擦材料16，金属部件是转矩变换器34的锁止离合器组件32的离合器板30的形式。锁止离合器组件32的活塞36迫使离合器板30抵靠转矩变换器34的前盖38的内侧表面38a。活塞36接触后件湿式摩擦材料16的表面12a(图3)，以迫使前件湿式摩擦材料16上的表面12a抵靠前盖38的内侧表面38a。通过活塞36迫使离合器板30抵靠前盖38锁定了锁止离合器组件32，使得转矩变换器34中的到达变速器输入轴的转矩路径绕过转矩变换器34的叶轮40和涡轮42，并且反而从前盖38流到离合器板30并且通过阻尼器组件44流到变速器输入轴，该变速器输入轴连接到转矩变换器34的输出毂46。
在前面的说明书中，已经参考特定的示例性实施例及其示例描述了本公开。然而，显而易见的是，可以在不脱离所附权利要求书中所阐述的本公开的更广泛的精神和范围的情况下对其进行各种修改和改变。因此，说明书和附图应当被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。
附图标记表
10 基层片
10a 外表面
10b 下表面
12 外层片
12a 外表面
12b 内表面
14 热板
14a 板表面
16 湿式摩擦材料
18 金属部件
18a 表面
30 离合器板
32 锁止离合器组件
34 转矩变换器
36 活塞
38 前盖
38a 内侧表面
40 叶轮
42 涡轮
44 阻尼器组件
46 输出毂

Claims (10)

1.一种制造湿式摩擦材料的方法，包括：
获得基层片；
获得外层片；和
将所述外层片和所述基层片层压在一起来形成所述湿式摩擦材料，所述基层片包括一定比例的第一纤维材料和一定比例的第一填充材料，所述外层片包括一定比例的第二纤维材料和一定比例的第二填充材料，所述第二纤维材料的比例小于所述第一纤维材料的比例，所述第二填充材料的比例大于所述第一填充材料的比例。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基层片具有第一厚度，并且所述外层片具有第二厚度，所述湿式摩擦材料具有等于所述第一厚度加上所述第二厚度的总厚度，所述第二厚度为所述总厚度的10％至30％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第二填充材料由硅藻土构成，并且所述硅藻土按照重量百分比计形成所述外层片的35％至55％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第二纤维材料由纤维素纤维构成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一填充材料由硅藻土构成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维比例的按照重量百分比计为所述基层片的35％至60％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基层和所述外层中的至少一者包括粘合剂，并且通过对所述外层施加热量和压力来将所述外层层压在所述基层上，以经由所述粘合剂将所述外层和所述基层固定在一起。
8.一种湿式摩擦材料，包括：
基层片；和
层压到所述基层片上的外层片，所述基层片包括一定比例的第一纤维材料和一定比例的第一填充材料，所述外层片包括一定比例的第二纤维材料和一定比例的第二填充材料，所述第二纤维材料的比例小于所述第一纤维材料的比例，所述第二填充材料的比例大于所述第一填充材料的比例。
9.根据权利要求8所述的湿式摩擦材料，其中，所述第二填充材料由硅藻土构成，并且所述硅藻土按照重量百分比计形成所述外层片的35％至55％。
10.根据权利要求8所述的湿式摩擦材料，其中，所述第二纤维材料由纤维素纤维构成。
CN201980007311.1A 2018-03-06 2019-03-03 双层湿式摩擦材料 Pending CN111566372A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/913,354 2018-03-06
US15/913,354 US20190277359A1 (en) 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Double layer wet friction material
PCT/US2019/020469 WO2019173169A1 (en) 2018-03-06 2019-03-03 Double layer wet friction material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111566372A true CN111566372A (zh) 2020-08-21

Family

ID=67842446

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201980007311.1A Pending CN111566372A (zh) 2018-03-06 2019-03-03 双层湿式摩擦材料

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20190277359A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2020536204A (zh)
CN (1) CN111566372A (zh)
DE (1) DE112019001166T5 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019173169A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112338821A (zh) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-09 西北工业大学 一种双层结构的无纺布增强湿式摩擦材料及无水制备方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019222508A1 (en) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-21 Tenneco Inc. Brake pad backing plate
US11428281B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2022-08-30 Robert Bosch Llc Brake pad with surface coating
CN113153926A (zh) 2020-01-07 2021-07-23 博格华纳公司 离合器系统和包括离合器系统的车辆传动系统
US11333214B2 (en) 2020-04-02 2022-05-17 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wet friction material with quaternary ammonium salts

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5775468A (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-07 Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. High performance two-ply friction material
JP2000161406A (ja) * 1998-11-24 2000-06-16 Toyota Motor Corp 湿式摩擦材
EP1063444A1 (en) * 1999-06-24 2000-12-27 Kabushiki Kaisha F.C.C. Dry clutch facing, and process for producing the same
US6170620B1 (en) * 1998-07-21 2001-01-09 U-Sun Gasket Corporation Disc brake and anti-squeal shim therefor
US6182804B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-02-06 Borgwarner, Inc. High performance two-ply friction material
US6194059B1 (en) * 1996-05-17 2001-02-27 Borgwarner Inc. Process for producing two-ply friction material
US6316083B1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2001-11-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Wet type friction material
CN1690462A (zh) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-02 通用汽车公司 具有双向弹性模量的层合复合材料的离合器摩擦件
WO2006033373A1 (ja) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha 炭素複合材料、炭素複合材料からなるブレーキ材料、および炭素複合材料の製造方法
EP1750031A2 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-07 Dynax Corporation Method for manufacturing wet-type friction member
JP2007100933A (ja) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 Dainatsukusu:Kk 湿式摩擦材
CN102588460A (zh) * 2012-02-03 2012-07-18 武汉精密同创机械有限公司 一种用于同步器的同步环及其制造方法
CN103717937A (zh) * 2011-08-08 2014-04-09 博格华纳公司 湿式摩擦材料
CN105247233A (zh) * 2013-06-04 2016-01-13 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 多层的摩擦衬片
CN106460981A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2017-02-22 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于制造湿式摩擦衬片的方法和湿式摩擦衬片

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT401255B (de) * 1994-02-25 1996-07-25 Hoerbiger & Co Reibbelag
JPH08121516A (ja) * 1994-10-24 1996-05-14 Toyota Motor Corp 湿式摩擦材
JPH11201206A (ja) * 1998-01-08 1999-07-27 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 湿式摩擦材
US20170261057A1 (en) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Friction material with high performance surface layer

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6194059B1 (en) * 1996-05-17 2001-02-27 Borgwarner Inc. Process for producing two-ply friction material
EP0854305A1 (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-22 Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. High performance two-ply friction material
JPH10204415A (ja) * 1997-01-16 1998-08-04 Borg Warner Automot Inc 高性能二層摩擦材料
US5775468A (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-07 Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. High performance two-ply friction material
US6182804B1 (en) * 1997-01-16 2001-02-06 Borgwarner, Inc. High performance two-ply friction material
US6316083B1 (en) * 1998-06-12 2001-11-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Wet type friction material
US6170620B1 (en) * 1998-07-21 2001-01-09 U-Sun Gasket Corporation Disc brake and anti-squeal shim therefor
JP2000161406A (ja) * 1998-11-24 2000-06-16 Toyota Motor Corp 湿式摩擦材
EP1063444A1 (en) * 1999-06-24 2000-12-27 Kabushiki Kaisha F.C.C. Dry clutch facing, and process for producing the same
CN1690462A (zh) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-02 通用汽车公司 具有双向弹性模量的层合复合材料的离合器摩擦件
WO2006033373A1 (ja) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha 炭素複合材料、炭素複合材料からなるブレーキ材料、および炭素複合材料の製造方法
EP1750031A2 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-07 Dynax Corporation Method for manufacturing wet-type friction member
JP2007100933A (ja) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 Dainatsukusu:Kk 湿式摩擦材
CN103717937A (zh) * 2011-08-08 2014-04-09 博格华纳公司 湿式摩擦材料
CN102588460A (zh) * 2012-02-03 2012-07-18 武汉精密同创机械有限公司 一种用于同步器的同步环及其制造方法
CN105247233A (zh) * 2013-06-04 2016-01-13 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 多层的摩擦衬片
CN106460981A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2017-02-22 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于制造湿式摩擦衬片的方法和湿式摩擦衬片
US20170089415A1 (en) * 2014-05-21 2017-03-30 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Method for the production of a wet friction lining, and wet friction lining

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112338821A (zh) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-09 西北工业大学 一种双层结构的无纺布增强湿式摩擦材料及无水制备方法
CN112338821B (zh) * 2020-11-06 2022-06-07 西北工业大学 一种双层结构的无纺布增强湿式摩擦材料及无水制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190277359A1 (en) 2019-09-12
JP2020536204A (ja) 2020-12-10
WO2019173169A1 (en) 2019-09-12
DE112019001166T5 (de) 2020-11-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111566372A (zh) 双层湿式摩擦材料
US3270846A (en) Friction member with friction material
US8222317B2 (en) Wet friction material
JP7124102B2 (ja) 繊維を焼き払うことにより湿式摩擦材を形成する方法
JP2007100933A (ja) 湿式摩擦材
US4747476A (en) Methods of making clutch driven plates
JP2006194431A (ja) ロックアップクラッチ装置
US8304052B2 (en) Friction lining
US11703099B2 (en) Wet friction material with quaternary ammonium salts
CN111527319A (zh) 具有孔的湿式摩擦材料
CN112654799B (zh) 带涂覆填料颗粒的湿摩擦材料
US20210341026A1 (en) Method for forming a double layer wet friction material with cellulose layer
JP2014077039A (ja) 湿式摩擦材及びその製造方法
US20210207674A1 (en) Friction material
JPH11269279A (ja) 湿式摩擦材の製造方法
CN110325756B (zh) 具有增加的压力循环寿命的湿摩擦材料
US20200124125A1 (en) Method of making wet friction material with water based phenolic resin
JPH0874903A (ja) 湿式摩擦材およびその製造方法
JP2011257008A (ja) 摩擦材及びその製造方法
JP3564627B2 (ja) 湿式摩擦材料の製造方法
JP2008121895A (ja) 摩擦材とその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20200821